CN103408329A - Preparation method of self-reduced greenish glaze - Google Patents
Preparation method of self-reduced greenish glaze Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408329A CN103408329A CN2013103772663A CN201310377266A CN103408329A CN 103408329 A CN103408329 A CN 103408329A CN 2013103772663 A CN2013103772663 A CN 2013103772663A CN 201310377266 A CN201310377266 A CN 201310377266A CN 103408329 A CN103408329 A CN 103408329A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a self-reduced greenish glaze, which comprises the following steps: adding 0-3.0wt% of colorant and 0-3.5wt% OF reducer into a mixture of potassium feldspar, quartz, kaolin, talcum and calcite; performing ball milling to obtain a ball milling material of 100-300 meshes; preparing the ball milling material into a glaze slip of which the specific weight is 1.6-1.7g/cm<3>; and uniformly coating the glaze slip on a blank, drying, and firing at 1240-1350 DEG C for 5-7 hours.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to colour glaze and manufacture field, be specifically related to the preparation method of the blue or green glaze of a kind of autoreduction.
Background technology
In Chinese pottery continuous historical progress in thousand, blue or green vitreous enamel has very important status, in the historical development long river of 1,100, also show out the vitality that it is immortal, at first the leap successfully indicated in the Chinese pottery technological development of firing as the blue or green vitreous enamel in south of representative of kiln more be take late period in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220).Its appearance makes China become the country of invention porcelain.From then on porcelain has been arranged in the world.[Li Jiazhi chief editor, Science And Civilization in China-pottery volume, 2007].Namely, from that quarter, burn the kiln factory that makes blue or green vitreous enamel and just spread all over rapidly China's the earth, there is the more kiln of wound cloisonne vitreous enamel in south, reaches Dingzhou kiln, Wu Zhouyao, Yao Hehong state, Yao, ShouZhou, Yuezhou kiln; There is the credit state kiln of northern celadon glaze representative in north; And Qionglai, Sichuan kiln.The glaze colours kind is also very abundant, is described as the more kiln celadon of " nine autumn winds reveal more kiln to be opened, and wins thousand peaks in emerald colour ", just as your porcelain celeste glaze of gentle simple and unsophisticated Song dynasty of " the sun shines again after the rain cloud tear ", also has pale blue, pea green, plum green, pale blue etc.
These glaze colours that are close to " being bestowed by heaven " are not only attracting scholar poet generation upon generation of to bow, and so far still with its implicit style of bearing patiently, gentle simple and unsophisticated glaze colours is subject to common people's favor.Also attracting simultaneously instantly scholar both domestic and external to its scientific research enthusiasm of being crazy about.
The research of several generations scientific effort shows why celadon glaze presents magnificent mansion like this, mysterious glaze colours, and its key is Fe
2+/ Fe
3+Ratio, and Fe
2+/ Fe
3+The atmosphere of ratio when depending on largely glaze and burning till.
The successive dynasties regulation and control of pottery firing atmosphere are broadly divided into two kinds of modes, a kind of mode is by the burning degree realization of the fuel such as regulation and control timber, coal, oil, Sweet natural gas, and this method depends primarily on firer's long-term practice experience, this makes the stability extreme difference of calcining system, it is uncontrollable that glaze colours becomes, perhaps sometimes can create and burn some nonsuch handed down from ancient times, reappear but really be difficult to restore.This kind method not only wastes energy, and environmental pollution is also comparatively serious, for the selection in production factory site, very high requirement is also arranged, and also has restricted greatly for the small scale experiments research in laboratory.
Another common atmosphere regulation and control is full-fledged in modern glass production, namely, the method for reduction realizes atmosphere control, and it is mainly to utilize oxygenolysis or the chemical combination of additional reducing agent in the glass smelting process to realize inner atmosphere adjusting.And can realize comparatively accurate stoicheiometry control.And the application of autoreduction in ceramic glaze not only started late, also mainly concentrate on the preparation research aspect of rough flambe.As Li Xiaochi etc. with SiC powder, assistant toner SnO
2Deng having prepared rough flambe, and its autoreduction mechanism is studied to [Li Xiaochi, Guo Xiaobin etc., the Xi'an College of Science and Technology journal, 2002,22(1): 104-108]; Li Qijiang etc. have studied reductive agent SnO
2And Fe
2O
3On the impact of the red phase-splitting furnace transmutation glaze of an ancient unit of weight colour generation, but it burns till at shuttle kiln, and must transfer reducing atmosphere in the time of 960 ℃ [Li Qijiang, Wu Junming etc., ceramic journal, 2011,32(3): 372-376]; Li Jiake etc. with silicon carbide, carbon as the reductive agent preparation research high temperature autoreduction raw material rough flambes, result shows that this method can realize in retort furnace, and carbon is not suitable as reductive agent [Li Jiake, Zhang Jungui etc., the Xi'an College of Science and Technology journal, 2012,33(3): 376-380].And the application documents and materials of autoreduction in the celadon glaze preparation also do not have report.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above in the face of the prior art existence, the invention provides the mode that adds reductive agent in a kind of the use realizes in electric furnace, burning till, can meet experimental study preparation or industrial production, and firing temperature is wider, environment-protecting clean without additional atmosphere, just can produce the simple and elegant soft multiple glaze colours of glaze, and the preparation method of the more stable celadon glaze of colour generation.
At this, the invention provides the preparation method of the blue or green glaze of autoreduction, comprising:
The reductive agent of the tinting material of additional 0~3.0wt% and 0~3.5wt% in the mixture of potassium felspar sand, quartz, kaolin, talcum and calcite, be milled to 100~300 purpose ball milling material;
It is 1.6~1.7g/cm that described ball milling material is modulated into to proportion
3Glaze slip; And
Glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, at 1240~1350 ℃, fired 5~7 hours after drying.
Method of the present invention all can be fired and obtain colour generation from ginger color to sapphire blue or green glaze in 1240 ℃ of-1350 ℃ of scopes.The distinctive advantage of this method is: the wide realization that is beneficial to technique of firing temperature system; Under electric furnace, can obtain the simple and elegant soft and more stable celadon glaze of glaze, avoid the insufficient environmental pollution brought of fuel combustion under traditional reducing atmosphere, be conducive to the energy-conserving and environment-protective requirement of advocating at present; And realize that laboratory prepares celadon glaze, and the reductive agent added makes the laboratory blue or green glaze of small-scale preparation research become possibility on the almost not impact of composition of glaze itself.
Preferably, described firing in common electric furnace carried out, without additional atmosphere.The present invention realizes preparing celadon glaze in the paving electric furnace, avoided tradition to realize the fuel burn incompletely that reducing atmosphere is required, is beneficial to and realizes the energy-conserving and environment-protective requirement, also can meet laboratory simultaneously and prepare celadon glaze.
Preferably, in described mixture, the mass percent of each component is respectively the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt% and the calcite of 28wt%.
Preferably, described reductive agent can be silica flour, silicon carbide and/or carbon dust.The composition almost not impact of additional reductive agent on glaze itself.
In a preferred example, described reductive agent can be silicon carbide, and the addition of silicon carbide can be 0.25~3.0wt%.
In another preferred example, described reductive agent can be silica flour, and the addition of silica flour can be 0.03~1.5wt%.
Preferably, described tinting material can be ferric oxide and/or Z 250.
Preferably, the addition of described tinting material is 1.0~2.0wt%.
Preferably, carry out again ball milling after in mixture, adding the sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce of the sodium humate of mixture quality 0.4wt% and 0.3wt%.
Preferably, described ball milling can water be ball-milling medium, and pellet water ratio can be: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6.
In a preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5et%, the kaolin of 15.6et%, the talcum of 4.1et%, the calcite of 28et%, and the Fe of additional 1.0et%
2O
3(or Fe
3O
4) with 0.25wt%SiC(or 0.03wt%Si powder) mix, then take ball milling material pellet water ratio as: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm
3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1350 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
In another preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, the calcite of 28wt%, and the ferric oxide of additional 1.0wt% (or Fe
3O
4) with 1.5wt% silicon carbide (or 0.09wt% silica flour), mix, then take ball milling material pellet water ratio as: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm
3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1350 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
In another preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, the calcite of 28wt%, and the ferric oxide of additional 1.0wt% (or Fe
3O
4) and 2.0wt% silicon carbide (or 1.5wt% silica flour) mix, then take ball milling material pellet water ratio as: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm
3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1300 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
In another preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) and 2.5wt% silicon carbide (or 0.18wt% silica flour) mix, then take ball milling material pellet water ratio as: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm
3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1260 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
In another preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, the calcite of 28wt%, and the ferric oxide of additional 1.0wt% (or Fe
3O
4) and 3.0wt% silicon carbide (0.20wt% silica flour) mix, then take ball milling material pellet water ratio as: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm
3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1240 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
In another preferred example, at first by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, the calcite of 28wt%, and the ferric oxide of additional 1.0wt% (or Fe3O4) and 3.0wt% silicon carbide (0.25wt% silica flour) mixing, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire for 1240 ℃ and got final product in 6 hours.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the photo in kind of the glaze of part laboratory sample, wherein (a) is 1.0% for tinting material the iron oxide reduction agent is the turmeric color glaze glaze photo of silica flour, (b) the iron oxide reduction agent that is 1.0% for tinting material is the imitative more kiln celadon glaze photo of silica flour, (c) the iron oxide reduction agent that is 1.0% for tinting material is the pea green look celadon glaze photo of silicon carbide, and the iron oxide reduction agent that is (d) 1.0% for tinting material is the sky blue celadon glaze photo of silicon carbide;
It is that the iron oxide reduction agent is the light splitting reflectivity curve of the celadon glaze sample fired of silicon carbide that Fig. 2 illustrates tinting material;
It is that the Z 250 reductive agent is minute luminous reflectance song of the celadon glaze sample fired of silica flour that Fig. 3 illustrates tinting material.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and following embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should be understood that following embodiment and/or accompanying drawing are only be used to the present invention is described, and unrestricted the present invention.
The present invention introduces the mode that adds reductive agent in a kind of the use and realizes in electric furnace, burning till, can meet experimental study preparation or industrial production, and firing temperature is wider, environment-protecting clean without additional atmosphere, just can produce the simple and elegant soft multiple glaze colours of glaze, and the preparation method of the more stable celadon glaze of colour generation.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
1. material choice
Take potassium felspar sand, quartz, kaolin, talcum, calcite is main raw material, and additional tinting material and reductive agent mix.Potassium felspar sand, quartz, kaolin, talcum, calcite can be prepared burden by the conventional proportioning of the blue or green glaze of preparation, for example, in a preferred example, by mass percentage by the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt%, the calcite of 28wt%.The addition of tinting material can be 0~3.0wt% of the total mass of main raw material, preferred 1.0~2.0wt%, and tinting material can be ferric oxide and/or Z 250 etc.The addition of reductive agent can be 0~3.5wt% of the total mass of main raw material, preferred 0.03~3.0wt%, and reductive agent can be silicon carbide, silica flour, carbon dust etc.
2. glaze slip preparation
Said mixture is milled to 100~300 purpose ball milling material, then to be modulated into proportion be 1.6~1.7g/cm
3Glaze slip.Ball milling be take water and is ball-milling medium, and pellet water ratio is: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6, Ball-milling Time can be 20~40 minutes.After before ball milling, also can in mixture, adding the sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce of the sodium humate of mixture quality 0.4wt% and 0.3wt%, carry out again ball milling.
3. fire
Above-mentioned glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, in common electric furnace, fire and can obtain colour generation in 5~7 hours from ginger color to sapphire blue or green glaze (referring to Fig. 1) in 1240~1350 ℃ after drying.The reflection spectrum of glaze is referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and Fig. 2 is the sample light splitting reflection spectrum curve of silicon carbide deacidizing, and Fig. 3 is the sample light splitting reflection spectrum curve of silica flour reduction.
Below further for example embodiment to describe the present invention in detail.Should understand equally; following examples only are used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, some nonessential improvement that those skilled in the art's foregoing according to the present invention is made and adjustment all belong to protection scope of the present invention.The temperature that following example is concrete, time etc. are only also examples in OK range, namely, those skilled in the art can do in suitable scope by the explanation of this paper and select, and not really want to be defined in the hereinafter concrete numerical value of example.The following proportioning related to, ratio, content, if no special instructions, be mass ratio, the quality percentage composition.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% Fe
2O
3(or Fe
3O
4) with 0.25%SiC(or 0.03%Si powder) mix, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire and obtained ginger-colored celadon glaze in 6 hours for 1350 ℃ in electric furnace.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) mix with 1.5% silicon carbide (or 0.09% silica flour), take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire and obtained the imitative more early stage celadon glaze of kiln in 6 hours for 1350 ℃ in electric furnace.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) and 2.0% silicon carbide (or 1.5% silica flour) mixing, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire and obtained the celadon glaze that colour generation is pea green look in 6 hours for 1300 ℃ in electric furnace.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) and 2.5% silicon carbide (or 0.18% silica flour) mixing, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire and obtained the celadon glaze that colour generation is the pale blue look in 6 hours for 1260 ℃ in electric furnace.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) and 3.0% silicon carbide (0.20% silica flour) mixing, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire and obtained the celadon glaze that colour generation is the pale blue look in 6 hours for 1240 ℃ in electric furnace.
At first by mass percentage by 25.8% potassium felspar sand, 25.5% quartz, 15.6% kaolin, 4.1% talcum, 28% calcite, and additional 1.0% ferric oxide (or Fe
3O
4) and 3.0% silicon carbide (0.25% silica flour) mixing, take again ball milling material pellet water ratio as: the material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6 mixer mill to 200 order, modulation glaze slip proportion is 1.6-1.7g/cm3, then glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, fire that to obtain colour generation in 6 hours be sky blue celadon glaze for 1240 ℃ in electric furnace.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the blue or green glaze of autoreduction, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises:
The reductive agent of the tinting material of additional 0~3.0wt% and 0~3.5wt% in the mixture of potassium felspar sand, quartz, kaolin, talcum and calcite, be milled to 100~300 purpose ball milling material;
It is 1.6~1.7g/cm that described ball milling material is modulated into to proportion
3Glaze slip; And
Described glaze slip is applied equably on base substrate, at 1240~1350 ℃, fired 5~7 hours after drying.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described firing in common electric furnace carried out, without additional atmosphere.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in described mixture, the mass percent of each component is respectively the potassium felspar sand of 25.8wt%, the quartz of 25.5wt%, the kaolin of 15.6wt%, the talcum of 4.1wt% and the calcite of 28wt%.
4. according to the described preparation method of any one in claim 1~3, it is characterized in that, described reductive agent is silica flour, silicon carbide and/or carbon dust.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described reductive agent is silicon carbide, and the addition of silicon carbide is 0.25~3.0wt%.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described reductive agent is silica flour, and the addition of silica flour is 0.03~1.5wt%.
7. according to the described preparation method of any one in claim 1~6, it is characterized in that, described tinting material is ferric oxide and/or Z 250.
8. according to the described preparation method of any one in claim 1~7, it is characterized in that, the addition of described tinting material is 1.0~2.0wt%.
9. according to the described preparation method of any one in claim 1~8, it is characterized in that, carry out again ball milling after in mixture, adding the sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce of the sodium humate of mixture quality 0.4wt% and 0.3wt%.
10. according to the described preparation method of any one in claim 1~9, it is characterized in that, described ball milling be take water and is ball-milling medium, and pellet water ratio is: material: ball: water=1:1.5:0.6.
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