CN103404403B - Method for cultivating moderate tree vigor of kyoho grapes - Google Patents
Method for cultivating moderate tree vigor of kyoho grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103404403B CN103404403B CN201310299800.3A CN201310299800A CN103404403B CN 103404403 B CN103404403 B CN 103404403B CN 201310299800 A CN201310299800 A CN 201310299800A CN 103404403 B CN103404403 B CN 103404403B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating moderate tree vigor of kyoho grapes. The method includes the following steps that plant distances are increased year by year, intermediate cutting is conducted, and tree crowns are enlarged; fertilizers are not applied before the grapes bloom, boric fertilizers are sprayed on leaf surfaces after the grapes bloom, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied during the whole course; inflorescences are arranged, sub spikes of the inflorescences are removed, upper and lower branch knots of the inflorescences are removed, and 15-18 branch knots in the middle are reserved; pinching is conducted again at the beginning of blooming, and pinching is conducted at the one third positions of normal blades. According to the method for cultivating the moderate tree vigor of the kyoho grapes, the tree vigor of the kyoho grapes is kept moderate through artificial arrangement and fertilization, fruit setting is uniform, 30-50 fruits are reserved on each cluster, the number of spikes reaches more than 40,000 per hectare, the number of branches reaches 50,000 to 60,000, the quality of the grapes is greatly improved, clusters are typical and complete, the sizes of the fruits are uniform, and the fruits are well grown.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture cultivation field, be specifically related to the breeding method of kyoto grape.
Background technology
Kyoto grape is ripe veriety in being, fruit grain during fruit maturation on fruit ear is answered raw consistent, grain weighs 10 ~ 14 grams, atropurpureus, its kind tree vigo(u)r can not be too vigorous tall and big, also can not too weak tendency, cross prosperous or cross the weak fruit maturation that all easily causes bad, fruit grain size is uneven, and painted poor, pulp is hard and sour and astringent.For the kyoto grape that tree vigo(u)r is stronger, its reason is that the nitrogenous fertilizer amount of executing is too much, and the more weak kyoto grape of tree vigo(u)r causes due to fertilizer in planting process and composite fertilizer's quantity not sufficient, in order to avoid the phenomenon of a large amount of fruit drop, kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r is kept to be the key subjects improving fruit quality.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r of effective raising fruit-setting rate.
Technical scheme: the breeding method of a kind of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) pull open spacing in the rows year by year, intermediate cutting, expand tree crown, to cultivate golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r;
(2) do not apply fertilizer before blooming, prevent the climing prosperous length of the tip, cause fruit drop, Post flowering leaf-surface sprayed boric fertilizer, omnidistance nitrogen fertilizer application;
(3) arrange inflorescence, remove the secondary fringe of inflorescence, and extract the upper and lower minor matters of inflorescence, 15 ~ 18 minor matters in the middle of retaining, reduce nutrient consumption, adjustment load capacity, effective Accelerate bloom is beared fruit;
(4), when just spending, heavy pinching, in normal blade 1/3rd size place's pinching.
Described in step (2), boron fertilizer is Boron contents is 12% ~ 22% borax or boric acid, improves the organic matter supply of each organ of crop, makes plant growth normal, improves ripening rate and fruit-setting rate.
Nitrogenous fertilizer described in step (2) to be nitrogen content be 17 ~ 19% carbonic hydroammonium, nitrogen content be 45 ~ 49% urea or nitrogen content be the ammonium sulfate of 18 ~ 23%, control nitrogen fertilizer amount, in case treelet excessive growth.
Further, winter also needs basal dressing, and described base manure comprises the fertilizer of following mass fraction: fertilizer 45 ~ 65 parts, three element fertilizer 15 ~ 25 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 10 ~ 15 parts, extend to darker farther place to induce root system.
Preferably, described fertilizer is chicken manure, compost, makes compost or cake fertilizer.
In described three element fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is respectively 3.2%, 1.4% and 1.2%, and nutrient in soil can be made even.
Phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content in described base manure is 16 ~ 19%, and fertilizer efficiency is fast, and the duration is long.
Boron fertilizer boron content in described base manure is 9 ~ 12%, can make to bear fruit evenly, promote pollen tube growth and pollen germination, be conducive to Pollination Fertilization.
Beneficial effect: breeding method of the present invention makes the tree vigo(u)r of kyoto grape keep the golden mean of the Confucian school by manual sorting and fertilising, bear fruit evenly, every fringe fruit stays 30 ~ 50 fruit grains, spike number reaches per hectare more than 40,000, branch several 5 ~ 60,000, simultaneously grape quality significantly promotes, fruit ear typical case and complete, fruit grain size evenly, physically well develop.
Embodiment
Below technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
embodiment:
Embodiment 1: a kind of breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r, comprises the following steps:
(1) former seeding row spacing 1.5 meters × 1 meter, pulls open spacing in the rows 0.2m, secondary intermediate cutting year by year, expands tree crown, to cultivate golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r;
(2) do not apply fertilizer before blooming, prevent the climing prosperous length of the tip, cause fruit drop, Post flowering foliage-spray Boron contents is the borax of 12%, and whole process executes the carbonic hydroammonium that nitrogen content is 17%, winter basal dressing, base manure comprises the fertilizer of following mass fraction: chicken manure 45 parts, fertile 15 parts of three elements, 5 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 10 parts, and wherein, in three element fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is respectively 3.2%, 1.4% and 1.2%, phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content is 16%, and boron fertilizer boron content is 9%;
(3) arrange inflorescence, remove the secondary fringe of inflorescence, and extract the upper and lower minor matters of inflorescence, 15 ~ 18 minor matters in the middle of retaining, reduce nutrient consumption, adjustment load capacity, effective Accelerate bloom is beared fruit;
(4), when just spending, heavy pinching, in normal blade 1/3rd size place's pinching.
The kyoto grape that the present embodiment obtains is beared fruit evenly, and fruit-setting rate improves 12%, and fruit grain is complete, size even, and defect fruit is less than 3%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r, comprises the following steps:
(1) former seeding row spacing 2 meters × 1 meter, pulls open spacing in the rows 0.1m, secondary intermediate cutting year by year, expands tree crown, to cultivate golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r;
(2) do not apply fertilizer before blooming, prevent the climing prosperous length of the tip, cause fruit drop, Post flowering foliage-spray Boron contents is the boric acid of 18%, and whole process executes the carbonic hydroammonium that nitrogen content is 18%, winter basal dressing, base manure comprises the fertilizer of following mass fraction: 50 parts, compost, fertile 20 parts of three elements, 10 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 12 parts, and wherein, in three element fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is respectively 3.2%, 1.4% and 1.2%, phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content is 18%, and boron fertilizer boron content is 10%;
(3) arrange inflorescence, remove the secondary fringe of inflorescence, and extract the upper and lower minor matters of inflorescence, 15 ~ 18 minor matters in the middle of retaining, reduce nutrient consumption, adjustment load capacity, effective Accelerate bloom is beared fruit;
(4), when just spending, heavy pinching, in normal blade 1/3rd size place's pinching.
The kyoto grape that the present embodiment obtains is beared fruit evenly, and fruit-setting rate improves 18%, and fruit grain is complete, size even, and defect fruit is less than 2%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r, comprises the following steps:
(1) former seeding row spacing 2 meters × 1 meter, pulls open spacing in the rows 0.1m, secondary intermediate cutting year by year, expands tree crown, to cultivate golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r;
(2) do not apply fertilizer before blooming, prevent the climing prosperous length of the tip, cause fruit drop, Post flowering foliage-spray Boron contents is the boric acid of 22%, and whole process executes the carbonic hydroammonium that nitrogen content is 19%, winter basal dressing, base manure comprises the fertilizer of following mass fraction: make compost 65 parts, fertile 25 parts of three elements, 15 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 15 parts, wherein, in three element fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is respectively 3.2%, 1.4% and 1.2%, phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content is 19%, and boron fertilizer boron content is 12%;
(3) arrange inflorescence, remove the secondary fringe of inflorescence, and extract the upper and lower minor matters of inflorescence, 15 ~ 18 minor matters in the middle of retaining, reduce nutrient consumption, adjustment load capacity, effective Accelerate bloom is beared fruit;
(4), when just spending, heavy pinching, in normal blade 1/3rd size place's pinching.
Embodiment 4: roughly the same with embodiment 3, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 45% urea, base manure is 55 parts, cake fertilizer, fertile 22 parts of three elements, 12 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 13 parts, and wherein, phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content is 17%, and boron fertilizer boron content is 9%.
Embodiment 5: roughly the same with embodiment 3, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 47% urea, base manure is chicken manure 60 parts, fertile 22 parts of three elements, 10 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 12 parts, and wherein, phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content is 16%, and boron fertilizer boron content is 11%.
Embodiment 6: roughly the same with embodiment 5, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 49% urea.
Embodiment 7: roughly the same with embodiment 5, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 18% ammonium sulfate.
Embodiment 8: roughly the same with embodiment 5, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 20% ammonium sulfate.
Embodiment 9: roughly the same with embodiment 5, difference be in step (2) nitrogenous fertilizer to be nitrogen content be 23% ammonium sulfate.
As mentioned above, although represented with reference to specific preferred embodiment and described the present invention, it shall not be construed as the restriction to the present invention self.Under the spirit and scope of the present invention prerequisite not departing from claims definition, various change can be made in the form and details to it.
Claims (4)
1. a breeding method for kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) pull open spacing in the rows year by year, intermediate cutting, expand tree crown;
(2) do not apply fertilizer before blooming, Post flowering leaf-surface sprayed boric fertilizer, omnidistance nitrogen fertilizer application;
(3) arrange inflorescence, remove the secondary fringe of inflorescence, and extract the upper and lower minor matters of inflorescence, 15 ~ 18 minor matters in the middle of retaining;
(4), when just spending, heavy pinching, in normal blade 1/3rd size place's pinching;
(5) also need basal dressing winter, described base manure comprises the fertilizer of following mass fraction: fertilizer 45 ~ 65 parts, three element fertilizer 15 ~ 25 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts, phosphate fertilizer and boron fertilizer 10 ~ 15 parts; In described three element fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is respectively 3.2%, 1.4% and 1.2%, and the phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content in described base manure is 16 ~ 19%, and the boron fertilizer boron content in described base manure is 9 ~ 12%.
2. the breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r according to claim 1, is characterized in that: boron fertilizer described in step (2) is Boron contents is 12% ~ 22% borax or boric acid.
3. the breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r according to claim 1, is characterized in that: nitrogenous fertilizer described in step (2) to be nitrogen content be 17 ~ 19% carbonic hydroammonium, nitrogen content be 45 ~ 49% urea or nitrogen content be the ammonium sulfate of 18 ~ 23%.
4. the breeding method of kyoto grape golden mean of the Confucian school tree vigo(u)r according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fertilizer is chicken manure, compost, makes compost or cake fertilizer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105993823A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-12 | 邓万良 | Method for controlling natural fruit setting of Kyoho grapes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107646505A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-02 | 金寨县绿丰园葡萄种植专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of grape |
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| 李怀福.六、巨峰系葡萄的栽培管理特点.《巨峰系葡萄研究》.中国农业科学技术出版社,2005,(第1版),第103-151. * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993823A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-12 | 邓万良 | Method for controlling natural fruit setting of Kyoho grapes |
| CN105993823B (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2020-04-14 | 邓万良 | Control method for natural fruit setting of Kyoho grapes |
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