CN103404270B - One is digged pit fertilizer distributor - Google Patents
One is digged pit fertilizer distributor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103404270B CN103404270B CN201310342425.6A CN201310342425A CN103404270B CN 103404270 B CN103404270 B CN 103404270B CN 201310342425 A CN201310342425 A CN 201310342425A CN 103404270 B CN103404270 B CN 103404270B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008653 root damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种挖坑施肥机，它涉及农业机械技术领域。它包括架支腿、机架、液压泵、液压油箱、挖坑装置、施肥装置、覆土装置、施肥控制装置、行走轮和控制阀，液压泵设置在机架的前部，液压油箱设置在机架的前部，且设置在液压泵上方；挖坑装置设置在机架的中部，施肥装置设置在机架的后部，覆土装置设置在机架的中部位于挖坑装置和肥料箱之间；施肥控制装置设置在肥料箱上，行走轮与行走轮轴固定连接并通过带座轴承设置在机架后部；控制阀控制挖坑装置和覆土装置。本发明将挖坑、施肥、覆土功能集于一体，整机结构紧凑、作业效率高、实用性强，减轻了劳动强度。
The invention discloses a pit-digging fertilizer applicator, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. It includes frame legs, frame, hydraulic pump, hydraulic oil tank, digging device, fertilization device, soil covering device, fertilization control device, traveling wheels and control valve. The hydraulic pump is set at the front of the frame, and the hydraulic oil tank is set at the machine. The front part of the frame is set above the hydraulic pump; the digging device is set in the middle of the frame, the fertilization device is set in the rear of the frame, and the soil covering device is set in the middle of the frame between the digging device and the fertilizer box; The fertilization control device is arranged on the fertilizer box, the traveling wheel is fixedly connected with the traveling wheel shaft and arranged at the rear of the frame through a bearing with seat; the control valve controls the digging device and the soil covering device. The invention integrates the functions of digging pits, fertilizing and covering soil, and the whole machine has compact structure, high operating efficiency, strong practicability, and reduces labor intensity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及的是农业机械技术领域，尤其涉及一种挖坑施肥机。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pit-digging fertilizer applicator.
背景技术Background technique
目前，果树施肥一般采用人工挖沟撒肥方式，工作繁重、效率低；现行的机械开沟施肥方式会对果树根系造成一定损伤，不仅使施在沟内的肥料无法被果树根部充分吸收，造成肥料的浪费，而且根系吸收水分和蒸腾作用的平衡关系也会发生破坏，对果树的生长不利。At present, fertilization of fruit trees generally adopts the method of manual trenching and fertilization, which is heavy work and low in efficiency; the current mechanical trenching and fertilization method will cause certain damage to the root system of fruit trees, not only making the fertilizer applied in the trenches unable to be fully absorbed by the roots of fruit trees, resulting in The waste of fertilizer, and the balance between root system absorption of water and transpiration will also be destroyed, which is not good for the growth of fruit trees.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术上存在的不足，本发明目的是在于提供一种挖坑施肥机，将挖坑、施肥、覆土功能集于一体，整机结构紧凑、作业效率高、实用性强，减轻了劳动强度，在实现果树施肥的同时一定程度上避免了对果树根系的损伤。Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a pit-digging fertilizer applicator, which integrates the functions of digging pits, fertilizing and covering soil, and has a compact structure, high operating efficiency, strong practicability, and reduces labor costs. Intensity, while realizing fertilization of fruit trees, avoids damage to the root system of fruit trees to a certain extent.
为了实现上述目的，本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现：一种挖坑施肥机，包括架支腿、机架、液压泵、液压油箱、挖坑装置、施肥装置、覆土装置、施肥控制装置、行走轮和控制阀，液压泵设置在机架的前部，液压油箱设置在机架的前部，且设置在液压泵上方；挖坑装置设置在机架的中部，施肥装置设置在机架的后部，覆土装置设置在机架的中部位于挖坑装置和肥料箱之间；施肥控制装置设置在肥料箱上，行走轮与行走轮轴固定连接并通过带座轴承设置在机架后部；控制阀控制挖坑装置和覆土装置。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a pit-digging fertilizer applicator, comprising frame legs, a frame, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank, a pit-digging device, a fertilization device, a soil-covering device, and a fertilization control device , walking wheels and control valves, the hydraulic pump is set in the front of the frame, the hydraulic oil tank is set in the front of the frame, and is set above the hydraulic pump; the digging device is set in the middle of the frame, and the fertilization device is set in the frame At the rear of the frame, the soil covering device is set in the middle of the frame between the digging device and the fertilizer box; the fertilization control device is set on the fertilizer box, and the road wheel is fixedly connected to the road wheel shaft and set at the rear of the frame through a bearing with seat; The control valve controls the digging device and the covering device.
根据上述的一种挖坑施肥机，其中，所述的挖坑装置包括螺旋钻头、液压马达、挖坑升降油缸、挖坑装置固定机架、挖坑油缸吊耳和挖坑装置升降机架，挖坑装置固定机架固定在机架上，挖坑油缸吊耳固定在挖坑装置升降机架上，挖坑装置升降机架设置在挖坑装置固定机架内部并通过挖坑油缸吊耳与挖坑升降油缸一端铰接，挖坑升降油缸另一端固定在机架上，液压马达设置在挖坑装置升降机架上与螺旋钻头固定连接。According to the aforementioned pit-digging fertilizer applicator, wherein the pit-digging device includes an auger bit, a hydraulic motor, a pit-digging lifting cylinder, a pit-digging device fixing frame, a pit-digging cylinder lug and a pit-digging device lifting frame, The fixed frame of the pit device is fixed on the frame, the lifting lug of the digging oil cylinder is fixed on the lifting frame of the pit digging device, and the lifting frame of the pit digging device is set inside the fixed frame of the pit digging device and lifted by the lifting lug of the digging oil cylinder and the pit digging device. One end of the oil cylinder is hinged, the other end of the digging lifting cylinder is fixed on the frame, and the hydraulic motor is arranged on the lifting frame of the digging device and is fixedly connected with the auger bit.
根据上述的一种挖坑施肥机，其中，所述的施肥装置包括肥料箱、排肥器、排肥槽轮、排肥导管和肥料出口，肥料箱固定在机架上，排肥器固定在肥料箱底部，排肥槽轮设置在排肥器内部，排肥导管一端与排肥器底部固定连接，排肥导管另一端与肥料出口固定连接，肥料出口固装在机架中部位于挖坑装置下方。According to the above-mentioned pit-digging fertilizer applicator, wherein, the fertilization device includes a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharger, a fertilizer discharge sheave, a fertilizer discharge conduit and a fertilizer outlet, the fertilizer box is fixed on the frame, and the fertilizer discharger is fixed on At the bottom of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer discharge sheave is set inside the fertilizer discharger, one end of the fertilizer discharge conduit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer discharger, the other end of the fertilizer discharge conduit is fixedly connected to the fertilizer outlet, and the fertilizer outlet is fixed in the middle of the frame and located in the pit digging device below.
根据上述的一种挖坑施肥机，其中，所述的覆土装置包括覆土油缸吊耳、覆土升降油缸、覆土导槽、覆土刮板导杆和覆土刮板；覆土油缸吊耳固定在挖坑装置固定机架上，覆土导槽固定在机架上，覆土升降油缸一端与覆土油缸吊耳铰接，覆土升降油缸另一端与覆土刮板导杆的一端铰接；覆土刮板导杆另一端与覆土刮板固定，且设置覆土导槽内部。According to the aforementioned pit-digging fertilizer applicator, wherein the soil-covering device includes a soil-covering oil cylinder lifting lug, a soil-covering lifting cylinder, a soil-covering guide groove, a soil-covering scraper guide rod, and a soil-covering scraper; Fixed on the frame, the cover soil guide groove is fixed on the frame, one end of the cover soil lifting cylinder is hinged with the lifting lug of the cover soil cylinder, the other end of the cover lift cylinder is hinged with one end of the guide rod of the cover soil scraper; the other end of the guide rod of the cover soil scraper is connected with the cover soil scraper The board is fixed, and the inside of the soil-covering guide groove is set.
根据上述的一种挖坑施肥机，其中，所述的施肥控制装置包括光电传感器、单片机、排肥料轴和步进电机；光电传感器设置在挖坑装置固定机架上，单片机设置在施肥控制装置内部，步进电机设置在机架上，排肥料轴一端与步进电机固定，排肥料轴另一端与排肥槽轮固定。According to the aforementioned pit-digging fertilizer spreader, wherein the fertilization control device includes a photoelectric sensor, a single-chip microcomputer, a fertilizer discharge shaft and a stepping motor; the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the fixed frame of the digging device, and the single-chip microcomputer is arranged on the fertilization control device. Inside, the stepper motor is arranged on the frame, one end of the fertilizer discharge shaft is fixed to the stepper motor, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge shaft is fixed to the fertilizer discharge sheave.
本发明的有益效果是：将挖坑、施肥、覆土功能集于一体，整机结构紧凑、作业效率高、实用性强，减轻了劳动强度，在实现果树施肥的同时一定程度上避免了对果树根系的损伤。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the functions of digging pits, fertilizing and soil covering are integrated, the whole machine is compact in structure, high in operating efficiency, strong in practicability, reduces labor intensity, and avoids fertilization of fruit trees to a certain extent while realizing fertilization of fruit trees. Root damage.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施方式来详细说明本发明；The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment;
图1是本发明的主视结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2是本发明的左视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a left view structure diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
参照图1-2，本具体实施方式采用以下技术方案：一种挖坑施肥机，包括架支腿1、机架2、液压泵4、液压油箱5、挖坑装置、施肥装置、覆土装置、施肥控制装置、行走轮22和控制阀23，液压泵4设置在机架2的前部，液压油箱5设置在机架2的前部，且设置在液压泵4上方；挖坑装置设置在机架2的中部，施肥装置设置在机架2的后部，覆土装置设置在机架2的中部位于挖坑装置和肥料箱15之间；施肥控制装置设置在肥料箱15上，行走轮22与行走轮轴29固定连接并通过带座轴承21设置在机架2后部；控制阀23控制挖坑装置、覆土装置。Referring to Figures 1-2, the present embodiment adopts the following technical solutions: a pit-digging fertilizer applicator, comprising a frame leg 1, a frame 2, a hydraulic pump 4, a hydraulic oil tank 5, a pit-digging device, a fertilizing device, a soil-covering device, Fertilization control device, walking wheel 22 and control valve 23, hydraulic pump 4 is arranged on the front portion of frame 2, hydraulic oil tank 5 is arranged on the front portion of frame 2, and is arranged on the hydraulic pump 4 top; In the middle part of the frame 2, the fertilizing device is arranged on the rear part of the frame 2, and the soil covering device is arranged on the middle part of the frame 2 between the digging device and the fertilizer box 15; The walking wheel shaft 29 is fixedly connected and is arranged on the rear portion of the frame 2 by the bearing with seat 21; the control valve 23 controls the digging device and the soil covering device.
值得注意的是，所述的挖坑装置包括螺旋钻头7、液压马达8、挖坑升降油缸26、挖坑装置固定机架9、挖坑油缸吊耳24和挖坑装置升降机架25，挖坑装置固定机架9固定在机架2上，挖坑油缸吊耳24固定在挖坑装置升降机架25上，挖坑装置升降机架25设置在挖坑装置固定机架9内部并通过挖坑油缸吊耳24与挖坑升降油缸26一端铰接，挖坑升降油缸26另一端固定在机架2上，液压马达8设置在挖坑装置升降机架25上与螺旋钻头7固定连接。It is worth noting that the pit digging device includes an auger bit 7, a hydraulic motor 8, a pit digging lifting cylinder 26, a pit digging device fixed frame 9, a pit digging oil cylinder lifting lug 24 and a pit digging device lifting frame 25. The device fixed frame 9 is fixed on the frame 2, and the digging oil cylinder lug 24 is fixed on the digging device lifting frame 25, and the digging device lifting frame 25 is arranged on the inside of the digging device fixed frame 9 and is lifted by the digging oil cylinder. Ear 24 is hinged with digging lifting cylinder 26 one ends, and digging lifting cylinder 26 other ends are fixed on the frame 2, and hydraulic motor 8 is arranged on digging device lifting frame 25 and is fixedly connected with auger bit 7.
值得注意的是，所述的施肥装置包括肥料箱15、排肥器18、排肥槽轮17、排肥导管19和肥料出口12，肥料箱15固定在机架2上，排肥器18固定在肥料箱15底部，排肥槽轮17设置在排肥器18内部，排肥导管19一端与排肥器18底部固定连接，排肥导管19另一端与肥料出口12固定连接，肥料出口12固装在机架2中部位于挖坑装置下方。It is worth noting that the fertilization device includes a fertilizer box 15, a fertilizer discharge device 18, a fertilizer discharge sheave 17, a fertilizer discharge conduit 19 and a fertilizer outlet 12, the fertilizer case 15 is fixed on the frame 2, and the fertilizer discharge device 18 is fixed At the bottom of the fertilizer box 15, the fertilizer discharge sheave 17 is arranged inside the fertilizer discharger 18, one end of the fertilizer discharge conduit 19 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fertilizer discharger 18, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge conduit 19 is fixedly connected with the fertilizer outlet 12, and the fertilizer outlet 12 is fixed. Be contained in the middle part of frame 2 and be positioned at below the digging device.
值得注意的是，所述的覆土装置包括覆土油缸吊耳10、覆土升降油缸11、覆土导槽13、覆土刮板导杆14和覆土刮板20；覆土油缸吊耳10固定在挖坑装置固定机架9上，覆土导槽13固定在机架2上，覆土升降油缸11一端与覆土油缸吊耳10铰接，覆土升降油缸11另一端与覆土刮板导杆14的一端铰接；覆土刮板导杆14另一端与覆土刮板20固定，且设置覆土导槽13内部。It is worth noting that the soil covering device includes soil covering oil cylinder lug 10, soil covering lifting cylinder 11, soil covering guide groove 13, soil covering scraper guide rod 14 and soil covering scraper 20; soil covering oil cylinder lifting ear 10 is fixed on the digging device On the frame 9, the soil-covering guide groove 13 is fixed on the frame 2, one end of the soil-covering lifting cylinder 11 is hinged with the lifting lug 10 of the soil-covering cylinder, and the other end of the soil-covering lifting cylinder 11 is hinged with one end of the soil-covering scraper guide rod 14; the soil-covering scraper guide The other end of the rod 14 is fixed to the soil-covering scraper 20 and is set inside the soil-covering guide groove 13 .
此外，所述的施肥控制装置包括光电传感器6、单片机、排肥料轴27和步进电机28；光电传感器6设置在挖坑装置固定机架9上，单片机设置在施肥控制装置内部，步进电机28设置在机架2上，排肥料轴27一端与步进电机28固定，排肥料轴27另一端与排肥槽轮17固定。In addition, the fertilization control device includes a photoelectric sensor 6, a single-chip microcomputer, a fertilizer discharge shaft 27 and a stepper motor 28; 28 are arranged on the frame 2, and one end of fertilizer row shaft 27 is fixed with stepper motor 28, and the other end of fertilizer row shaft 27 is fixed with fertilizer row sheave 17.
本具体实施方式的工作过程及原理：工作时，拖拉机悬挂装置与机架2连接，拖拉机的动力输出轴通过万向联轴器3与液压泵4连接，整机重量由拖拉机和行走轮22承担。首先，控制阀23控制挖坑升降油缸26动作带动挖坑装置升降机架25在挖坑装置固定机架9内部向下运动，到达工作地表时，控制阀23控制液压马达8工作带动螺旋钻头7旋转实现挖坑作业，与此同时，挖坑装置升降机架25依然在挖坑装置固定机架9内部向下运动；当到达挖坑作业深度时，控制阀23控制液压马达8工作带动螺旋钻头7反向旋转，与此同时，挖坑装置升降机架25在挖坑升降油缸26作用下带动挖坑装置固定机架9内部向上运动；随后，当光电传感器6检测到信号时，单片机控制步进电机28工作，步进电机28通过排肥料轴27带动排肥槽轮17转动将肥料通过排肥导管19从肥料出口12输送到挖好的坑里，当施肥量达到所需要求时，单片机控制步进电机28停止工作，从而使得排肥槽轮17停止施肥作业；最后，控制阀23控制覆土升降油缸11向下运动，当覆土刮板20到达地表时控制阀23控制覆土升降油缸11停止运动，随着拖拉机前进的同时，覆土刮板20将挖坑装置挖出的土壤回填到原来的坑中。运输时，需要将挖坑装置的螺旋钻头7和覆土装置的覆土刮板20提升至最高状态。The working process and principle of this specific embodiment: during work, the tractor suspension device is connected with the frame 2, the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the hydraulic pump 4 through the universal joint 3, and the weight of the whole machine is borne by the tractor and the road wheels 22 . First, the control valve 23 controls the action of the digging lifting cylinder 26 to drive the lifting frame 25 of the digging device to move downward inside the fixed frame 9 of the digging device. When it reaches the working surface, the control valve 23 controls the operation of the hydraulic motor 8 to drive the auger bit 7 to rotate Realize digging operation, at the same time, digging device lifting frame 25 still moves downwards inside digging device fixed frame 9; At the same time, the lifting frame 25 of the digging device drives the fixed frame 9 of the digging device to move upward under the action of the lifting cylinder 26; work, the stepper motor 28 drives the fertilizer discharge sheave 17 to rotate through the fertilizer discharge shaft 27, and transports the fertilizer from the fertilizer outlet 12 to the dug pit through the fertilizer discharge conduit 19. When the amount of fertilizer applied reaches the required requirement, the single-chip microcomputer controls the step The motor 28 stops working, so that the fertilizer sheave 17 stops the fertilization operation; finally, the control valve 23 controls the soil-covering lifting cylinder 11 to move downward, and when the soil-covering scraper 20 reaches the surface, the control valve 23 controls the soil-covering lifting cylinder 11 to stop moving. While advancing with the tractor, the soil covering scraper 20 backfills the soil dug out by the digging device in the original pit. During transportation, it is necessary to lift the auger bit 7 of the digging device and the soil-covering scraper 20 of the soil-covering device to the highest state.
本具体实施方式将挖坑、施肥、覆土功能集于一体，整机结构紧凑、作业效率高、实用性强，减轻了劳动强度，在实现果树施肥的同时一定程度上避免了对果树根系的损伤。This specific embodiment integrates the functions of digging, fertilizing, and soil covering. The whole machine has a compact structure, high operating efficiency, and strong practicability, which reduces labor intensity and avoids damage to the root system of fruit trees to a certain extent while realizing fertilization of fruit trees. .
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and what described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention will also have other functions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310342425.6A CN103404270B (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | One is digged pit fertilizer distributor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104170563B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-05-04 | 湖南农业大学 | perforated fertilizer applicator |
| CN104823562B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-01-25 | 北京化工大学 | A mechanical device for digging pits and implanting buried soil in agriculture |
| CN104948534B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业大学 | Agricultural vehicle-mounted hydraulic pump station |
| CN106134551B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-10-02 | 刘泉德 | One kind is multi-functional to plough deeply soil pouring machine |
| CN106489362A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-15 | 天津恺丰义科技有限公司 | One planting fruit-trees loosens the soil fertilizer apparatus |
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| CN107535123A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-05 | 重庆市老君利源农业开发有限公司 | Crop fertilizer sowing mechanism |
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| CN108307710B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-12-03 | 重庆市长寿区富茜农业开发有限公司 | A kind of digging apparatus |
| CN110389545A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | A high-reliability acquisition device for operating parameters of orchard digging pit fertilizer applicators |
| CN108432615A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-24 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of accurate hole-application machine of orchard water-fertilizer integral |
| CN110140480A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-20 | 薛秀菊 | A device for digging pits and fertilizing soil |
| CN110402643A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-05 | 宋芳 | A kind of Chinese garden planting is digged pit fertilizer apparatus |
| CN112470644A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-03-12 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit tree precision fertilization banking machine that digs pit |
| CN114451104B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-06-21 | 滕桂林 | Tree fertilizing device for landscaping |
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| US7481171B2 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2009-01-27 | Howard D Martin | Single disc liquid fertilizer opener |
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