CN103395886B - Method for treating surface source pollutants in ecological ditch - Google Patents
Method for treating surface source pollutants in ecological ditch Download PDFInfo
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- CN103395886B CN103395886B CN201310314544.0A CN201310314544A CN103395886B CN 103395886 B CN103395886 B CN 103395886B CN 201310314544 A CN201310314544 A CN 201310314544A CN 103395886 B CN103395886 B CN 103395886B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating nitrogen and phosphorus surface source pollutants in an ecological ditch. The method comprises the following steps of: A, constructing the ecological ditch: constructing the ecological ditch at the exit of a catchment area, and dividing the ecological ditch into multiple steps, wherein the slope and the bottom of the ditch are made of soil, and a water blocking bank has a brick-concrete structure; B, planting aquatic plants and breeding loaches section by section: planting the aquatic plants in the ecological ditch to digest the nitrogen and phosphorus surface source pollutants in a water body by using the intercepting and absorbing effect of the aquatic plants, and breeding the loaches on the lower middle part of the ecological ditch to increase economic benefits of the ecological ditch; C, managing the ecological ditch: periodically reaping the aquatic plants, dredging the ecological ditch in combination with harvesting of the loaches, and newly planting aquatic plants and breeding loaches; and D, managing and maintaining the ecological ditch: 1) reaping and utilizing the plants in the ditch, 2) dredging, and 3) maintaining the ecological ditch. The method is low in cost and easy to operate, is easily accepted by crowds, has an extremely good treatment effect on the nitrogen and phosphorus surface source pollutants, and has a very good popularization and application prospect in subtropical hilly regions of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural environment field, more specifically relate to a kind for the treatment of process that is distributed with the small-sized catchment area downstream face source pollutants of farmland and small-sized raiser distribution, be particularly useful for the improvement of Subtropical hill area surface source pollution on the south the Changjiang river, realize water correction and qualified discharge.
Background technology
Along with the increase of plant husbandry chemical fertilizer input and the fast development of small-sized aquaculture, the environmental problem that the agricultural area source pollutants discharge of vast Rural areas causes is outstanding day by day.According to the result of national Pollutant source investigation in 2010, the main Sewage Water Emissions amount in the annual agricultural of China source is respectively: 1324.09 ten thousand tons of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD), 270.46 tons of total nitrogens, 28.47 ten thousand tons of total phosphorus, wherein plant husbandry is total nitrogen discharged main source (59.1%), and livestock and poultry breeding industry is COD(95.8%) and the main source that discharges of total phosphorus (56.3%).Developed country mainly passes through to work out nutrient kind of Best Management Practices (Best Management Practices for farmland pollution of area source in the world, BMPs) etc. approach carries out the standardized management of fertilizers input, thus the environmental pollution causing from reducing to the full extent nutrient loss.China also drops into and improves utilization rate of fertilizer to reduce chemical fertilizer in technology that applies fertilizers scientifically such as carrying out rational application of fertilizers, to reducing the environmental influence of the loss of farmland nitrogen phosphorus.The measure that improvement China of body eutrophication is taked at present mainly be take engineering measure as main, as remove lake silt, carry out sanitary sewage disposal etc., soil treatment (by soil filtration, absorption, precipitation, ion-exchange, microbial transformation and plant, absorb etc. and to be used for purifying waste water) etc.Although having spent a large amount of manpower and materials, the local government of domestic several large-size lake and neighboring area thereof adopt engineering measure to administer eutrophication, but can restore to the original state again after 1-2, regulation effect is not good enough generally, and tracing it to its cause is mainly that the source of pollutent is not effectively controlled.Take catchment area or small watershed as unit, from the source interception area source pollutants nitrogen phosphorus of dissolving, reduce its downstream the nitrogen phosphorus of water body carry, for the improvement of body eutrophication, will play a multiplier effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide the method that focuses on of a kind of small-sized catchment area downstream face source pollutants, this treatment process suits measures to local conditions to utilize natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches, buildup depth 80-120cm, the ecological ditch of inverted trapezoidal section, planting aquatic plants and breeding loach in ecological ditch, with the agricultural area source pollutants (nitrogen phosphorus) absorbing and the water catchment area, upstream of dissolving produces, in raceway groove end discharge water, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus is controlled at State Environmental Protection Administration in the water environment quality standard > > of the < of the 2002 issuing and implementation < People's Republic of China (PRC) (GB 3838-2002) IV class water quality standard.The plant of results can be used as fertilizer or feed, and breeding loach can produce direct economic benefit.The method construction and running cost are low, easy to operate, and produce certain economic benefit, suitable vast Subtropical hilly regions application on the south Yangtze River in China middle and lower reaches.
A method for ecological ditch treated side source pollutants, the steps include:
The Section Design of A, ecological ditch and construction: at water catchment area area 1-1.2km
2, have the in a small amount small-sized catchment area lower exit of (<50-80 pig) cultivation scale, choose one section of irrigation canals and ditches, <5/1000 falls in total ratio, base flow flow is 10-20m
3/ hour below, section standard of drainage is than the about 20-30% of the suitable raising of normal discharge irrigation canals and ditches, when increasing irrigation canals and ditches drainability, to suitably keep the more shallow depth of water (10-20cm), for the waterplant of planting in ditch, create a good habitat, natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches are built up to multistage (10-15 level) ecological canal wetland.
The design of ecological ditch key position mainly comprises:
(1) ecological ditch transverse section: be generally designed to inverted trapezoidal (see figure 1), mouthful wide 200-250cm, bottom width 100-150cm, the degree of depth is 80-100cm, adopts natural slope or cobble slope, and the gradient is <45 °, and bottom of trench is the soil end.
(2) water-blocking bank: water-blocking bank is the key link that ecological ditch arranges.In ecological ditch, at interval of 15-20m left and right, a water-blocking bank is set; object is mainly to wash away preventing by relative reduction raceway groove gradient; and protect metastable Wetland Environment in ditch to be applicable to waterplant and molluscan settling down, also can retain part runoff and sediment.Water-blocking bank height is 10-20cm, and drop lower end arranges 100-150cm long concrete camphyl, to protect water-blocking bank not by sapping.Water-blocking bank will embed two each 20cm of lateral sulcus bank, to prevent the current scour ditch bank at water-blocking bank two ends.Water-blocking bank material brick mix structure, other parts concrete material.The space layout of water-blocking bank is shown in Fig. 2 a, and Section Design figure is shown in Fig. 2 b.
The plants configuration of B, ecological ditch: in ecological ditch, the reasonable disposition of waterplant is the core of ecological ditch design, consider the water stream characteristics of ecological ditch different sites and the biological characteristics of waterplant, the waterplant of ecological ditch is selected to require to have following characteristics: perennial, biomass is large, regenerative power is strong, in ditch, different sites is planted different waterplant, is divided into generally following three sections:
Leading portion: be positioned at ecological ditch upstream, length is 30-40m, depth of water 5-10cm, mainly configures plant type tall and big (general requirement is more than 80cm), the less (<10 clump/m of planting density
2) thin planting bunch type waterplant, suitable waterplant mainly contains Canna generalis Bailey, hay melon etc., planting density is generally 6-8 clump/m
2.
Stage casing: be positioned at ecological ditch upper position, length 30-40m, depth of water 10-15cm.This section intensive emergent that grows thickly of highly medium (50-80cm) of generally planting, as wherein a kind of such as mullet grass (Pontederia cordata), rhizoma scirpi (Sparganium stoloniferum) or two kinds, planting density is generally 10-20 clump/m
2.
Back segment: be positioned at position, ecological ditch middle and lower part, length is 120-140m, depth of water 10-20cm, essential species density in planting large (the whole water surface of complete canopy), high (year dry biomass >3kg/m of biomass
2) the heavy water of the type of crawling shallow water or the green watermifoil of floating plant, planting density is generally as the criterion with the closing water surface farthest.
In C, ecological ditch, put loach in a suitable place to breed: after the waterplant of planting, below stage casing, in the ecological ditch of about 150m length, can put loach etc. in a suitable place to breed, loach can increase contacting of silt and water body to the disturbance of bed mud, thereby increases it to the sticking of nutrient in water body (especially phosphorus) and fixing, reduces and runs off.Owing to constantly there being breeding wastewater to flow in ditch, add that waterplant is in great numbers, planktonic organism in ditch in water body is very abundant, for loach has been created a good living environment, according to preliminary test-results, the long ecological ditch of 150m can produce loach 200-250kg every year, and deduction seedling and manage and protect and wait cost can obtain net profit 2500-3000 first every year.
The management of D, ecological ditch and maintenance: in order to keep ecological ditch to there is good water treatment effect, ecological ditch is wanted to regular maintenance.Mainly comprise:
1) the cradling and utilizing of ditch implants: the key of ecological ditch management is the waterplant growing in ecological ditch regularly to gather in, and the nitrogen phosphorus that waterplant is absorbed from silt and water body shifts out outside ditch, avoids the biomass secondary pollution of rotting to produce in ditch.The frequency cradling is according to the difference of waterplant also difference to some extent, and rhizoma scirpi etc. can gather in (5-6 month 1 time, 9-10 month 1 time) every year 2 times; Annual 3-4 time of Canna generalis Bailey, mullet grass, every about 2 months of the 5-11 month can gather in once; And the comparatively faster watermifoil that grows can be gathered in 5-7 time every year, harvesting in every 1.5-2 of 4-11 month month once.The waterplant material of harvesting is mainly used in green manure direct returning to farmland or covers tea place, orchard etc., realizes the recycle of nitrogen phosphorus nutrient, and some waterplant material, as Canna generalis Bailey, green watermifoil etc. can directly be used as the green fodder of pig, ox, sheep.In addition, the weeds of limes marginis will cradle once in annual May, August and November, prevented that it from affecting the normal growth of waterplant in ditch.
2) desilting: ecological ditch plant and water-blocking bank have good interception result to silt, but will carry out regular desilting, object is to remove silt on the one hand, keeps raceway groove draining unobstructed, can maintain on the other hand the good nitrogen phosphorus of the ecological ditch effect of dissolving.Annual 9-10 month, in conjunction with results loach, is carried out bottom of trench desilting.The composition of different ditch section mud is difference to some extent, the general sediment concentration of mud of leading portion is higher, quality is thicker, can concentrate to stack and process, and muddy below stage casing is thinner, nutrient content is higher, can be used as fertilizer for dry farmland or tea place, but because mud is to contain more river snail, clam shell etc., be not generally suitable for paddy field.
3) maintenance of ecological ditch: ecological ditch will regularly be patrolled and safeguard, main purpose is to prevent that pasture and water and foreign material from stopping up raceway groove and finding that in time water-blocking bank leaks or slope failure, to repair in time, to guarantee the normal operation of ecological ditch.
Described emergent is the arbitrary combination of wherein a kind of of Canna generalis Bailey, hay melon, mullet grass, rhizoma scirpi or to four kind;
Described waterplant is the arbitrary combination of a kind of in Canna generalis Bailey (Canna generalis), hay melon (Zizania caduciflora), mullet grass (Pontederia cordata), rhizoma scirpi (Sparganium stoloniferum) and green watermifoil (Myriophyllum elatinoides) or to five kind.
Above-mentioned four steps relation is each other described in further detail:
Steps A: be inverted trapezoidal by the Section Design of ecological ditch, and in ditch subsection setup water-blocking bank, object is common escape canal to build up the irrigation canals and ditches wetland that is suitable for aquatic plants growth, farmland drainage, sanitary sewage and a small amount of livestock and poultry (amounting to 50 the livestock on hand pigs following) breeding wastewater that is beneficial to process the source, face source of upstream discharges the processing of dissolving of entrained nitrogen and phosphorus pollution material, the pollution load of reduction to downstream water body, can reach more than 70% generally to the clearance of COD, total nitrogen total phosphorus.According to the national ground water quality standard (GBGB3838-2002) of promulgation in 2002, the method of this ecology ditch processing waste water can obviously be improved the water quality (in Table 1) of water body in irrigation canals and ditches, wherein chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) is brought up to II class from bad V class (65mg/L) water of entrance, total nitrogen is brought up to IV class (0.98mgN/L) from bad V class (3.42mgN/L), the phosphorus concentration relatively low although (reaching III class water quality standard) of water inlet, ecological ditch has also been brought up to II class water quality (0.033mgP/L) after processing.
The area source pollutants treatment effect of the ecological ditch of table 1
Step B, at ecological ditch different sites, configure different waterplant, object is to utilize waterplant to the physics interception function of water body (reduce flow velocity, extend the residence time of flowing water in ecological ditch) and waterplant and the direct absorption fixed action of microorganism to nitrogen phosphorus, the nitrogen phosphorus of the various forms in water body of dissolving gradually, thus water body is played to cleaning action.At ecological ditch leading portion, mainly configure relatively tall and big waterplant, major cause is that tall and big plant can reduce flow rate of water flow to reduce current washing away river course in overflow stage, the foreign material such as the weeds that interception flows down with flood, branch, plant can absorb the nitrogen phosphorus in water body and silt simultaneously.Because ecological ditch design section has increased 20-30% than natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches drainability, therefore planting waterplant can not cause blocking up of irrigation canals and ditches upstream flood yet.In ecological ditch, lower position plantation is relatively intensive and biomass is high plant, be mainly the fine sediment in interception runoff and absorb the nitrogen phosphorus in water body, growing process absorbs the nitrogen phosphorus in water body and silt, thereby reduces the migration downstream of nitrogen phosphorus.The ventilating tissue of waterplant itself also can, to secreting oxygen under water, increase dissolved oxygen content and the degraded (reducing COD) that promotes dissolved organic matter in water body.The selected aquatic plants growth amount of this pollution of area source substance treating method is all larger, and dry biomass on average can reach 324kg/100m
2, total nitrogen and total phosphorus that waterplant directly absorbs reach respectively 4.3kg/100m
2and 1.0kg/100m
2.These biomass results can be used as the covering that fertilizer is directly used in tea place, orchard later, substitute normal fertilising, not only reduced the input of chemical fertilizer, and can obviously improve output and the quality of tealeaves and fruit, the long ecological ditch of 200m can meet the fertilizer demand in 1-2 mu tea place, 1000 yuan of left and right of Net economic benefit.
Year biomass (doing) and the nitrogen phosphorus year absorbed dose of the ecological ditch plant of table 2
Step C, in ecological ditch, put loach in a suitable place to breed, object is to utilize water body environment that ecological ditch is good and abundant food resource, for the local masses bring direct economic benefit, loach has also increased contacting of its ventilation property and bed mud and water body to the reaction of bed mud simultaneously, thereby increase bed mud to the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus and fixing, reduce the migration downstream of nitrogen phosphorus.
Step D, the waterplant that ecological ditch is grown carry out periodical reaping, bed mud desilting and current check maintenance etc., object is to keep ecological ditch in good running status, thereby the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants that gets off is moved in the irrigation canals and ditches upstream of dissolving to greatest extent with water, and utilize the results of waterplant and breeding loach etc. to carry out the recycling of waste, realize the combination of ecological benefits and economic benefit.
Compare with existing method for governing pollution, the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1. on method for controlling area-source pollution, there is certain novelty: the improvement for water pollution has had a lot of methods at present, but the technical measures that high density pollution thing is administered in the engineering measure of mainly take are as main, as methane-generating pit, oxidation pond, aeration tank etc., and also there is no suitable method for take the improvement of plant husbandry source as main lower concentration agricultural area source pollutants.The present invention is directed to the feature of the many water in Hilly subtropical region, utilize natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches to transform a little and can build up ecological ditch, and the waterplant that is applicable to local growth by plantation absorbs the nitrogen phosphorus in water body with interception, thereby effectively reduce the migration of water body downstream of agricultural area source pollutants nitrogen phosphorus, reduce the harm of widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area.
2. construction cost is low: to build water catchment area 1.2km
2, the long ecological canal of 200m is example, the topmost construction cost of the present invention comprises three parts, be that irrigation canals and ditches are widened 1.3 ten thousand yuan of 20,000 yuan of regulations, water-blocking bank material and 1.2 ten thousand yuan of constructions, plantation waterplant, add up to 4.5 ten thousand yuan of costs, most departments (water conservancy, agricultural, rural collective) all can accept.
3. running cost is low, simple to operate, and there is certain economic benefit: in existing sewage disposal technology, majority needs electric power equal energy source, and this treatment process is mainly utilized the motivating force of nature gradient, the water body purification of flowing automatically in ecological ditch, without any need for additionaling power; Usual maintenance is only also (every annual 4-5 time) and the desilting (annual 1 time) of mowing, and operates very simple; The plant of harvesting, as fertilizer or feed recycling in addition, utilizes ecological ditch breeding loach also to have certain economic benefit in ditch, and these utilization of waste as resource approach are also for the sustainable operation of ecological ditch is had laid a good foundation.
4. regulation effect is good: the interception of this pollution of area source substance treating method by wetland plant in ecological ditch and absorb COD and the nitrogen and phosphorus content that can effectively reduce polluted-water, water quality in ditch can be improved to water quality (COD<20mg/L more than IV class from the bad V class of entrance, total nitrogen <1mgN/L, total phosphorus <0.1mgN/L).
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is a kind of ecological ditch Section Design figure (1 mouthful of wide 200-250cm; 2 bottom width 100-150cm; 3 water-blocking bank height 10-20cm; 4 ditch depth 80-100cm).
Fig. 2 a is a kind of space layout schema (ecological ditch longitudinal section schema, 1 water-blocking bank spacing 15-20m) of water-blocking bank.
Fig. 2 b is a kind of water-blocking bank schema (2 water-blocking bank top width 16-20cm; 3 water-blocking bank bottom width 36-40cm; 4 bottoms of trench; The high 10-20cm of 5 water-blocking bank; 6 concrete camphyl length 140-160cm; 7 concrete camphyl thickness 18-22cm).
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of 1-1.2km
2the treatment process of catchment area area source pollutants (take ChangSha, Hunan Province county as example), it comprises the following steps:
A, in catchment area outlet, build the long ecological ditch of 200m: in construction in low water season (2-3 month), ecological ditch specification is as follows: mouthful wide 2.5m, bottom width 1.5m, dark 1m, is divided into 10 sections (1-10 levels), and every section of 20m is long, between epimere and hypomere, build water-blocking bank, the high 10-20cm of bank.
B, in ecological ditch planting aquatic plants: 1-2 level plantation Canna generalis Bailey, 3-5 rank plantation mullet grass and watermifoil, 6-10 level plantation watermifoil.
C, put loach in a suitable place to breed: treat waterplant survive after about 1 month, below 4 grades, putting loach in a suitable place to breed, total stocking rate: middle loach (90 tails/kg) 100kg, or little loach (300 tails/kg) 70kg.For preventing loach escape, at every grade of water-blocking bank position, net defence is installed.
The harvesting of D, waterplant and utilization: growing plants in ecological ditch is carried out to periodical reaping, the green watermifoil that 3-4 month in spring plants, 6,7,8,9, November each results once, harvesting approach adopts interval harvest method, every 1m results 1m, so that the fast quick-recovery closing of pasture and water, gather in reserved part last time next time.Canna generalis Bailey and mullet grass can be 6,8, November each comprehensively results once, but the height for the stubble left will, more than 20cm, prevent that plant immersion is dead.It is dry that the biomass total amount of 1 year results of ecological ditch is about 1100kg(), wherein containing total nitrogen, total phosphorus, be respectively 14.6kg and 2.7kg, biomass can be used as the fertilizer in 1.5 mu of tea places, approximately 1000 yuan of economic benefits.
E, results loach and desilting: (October) in the fall, in conjunction with loach results, carry out ecological ditch desilting, carry out piecemeal from top to bottom, after desilting, to again plant waterplant and make its continued growth, then then put again loach seedling, the results of waiting for the coming year.Can gather in the crops loach 200-250kg then, deduction loach seedling and handling cost can produce net profit 2500-3000 unit, and the later income of Second Year can reach more than 4000 yuan.
Claims (1)
1. a method for ecological ditch treated side source pollutants, is characterized in that, the steps include:
The Section Design of A, ecological ditch and construction: at water catchment area area 1-1.2km
2, have the on a small scale catchment area lower exit of <50-80 pig cultivation, choose one section of irrigation canals and ditches, <5/1000 falls in total ratio, base flow flow is 10-20m
3/ hour below, section standard of drainage improves 20-30% than normal discharge irrigation canals and ditches, when increasing irrigation canals and ditches drainability, reduces the depth of water, for the waterplant of planting in ditch builds good growing environment, natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches is built up to 10-15 level ecological canal wetland;
The design at ecological ditch position, comprising:
(1) ecological ditch transverse section: be designed to inverted trapezoidal, mouthful wide 200-250cm, bottom width 100-150cm, the degree of depth is 80-100cm, adopts natural slope or cobble slope, and the gradient is <45 °, and bottom of trench is the soil end;
(2) water-blocking bank: at interval of 15-20m, a water-blocking bank is set in ecological ditch, water-blocking bank height is 10-20cm, drop lower end arranges 140-160cm long concrete camphyl, water-blocking bank material brick mix structure;
The plants configuration of B, ecological ditch: in ecological ditch, the configuration of waterplant is the core of ecological ditch design, and different sites is planted different waterplant in ditch, is divided into generally following three sections:
Leading portion: be positioned at ecological ditch upstream, length is 30-40m, depth of water 5-10cm, configuration plant height is the thin planting bunch type waterplant of 80cm, and planting density is 6-8 clump/m
2;
Stage casing: be positioned at ecological ditch upper position, length 30-40m, depth of water 10-15cm, this section plant height 50-80cm the intensive emergent that grows thickly, planting density is 10-20 clump/m
2;
Back segment: be positioned at position, ecological ditch middle and lower part, length is 120-140m, depth of water 10-20cm, planting density is large, biomass the is high heavy water of the type of crawling shallow water or the green watermifoil of floating plant, planting density is as the criterion with water surface complete canopy;
In C, ecological ditch, put loach in a suitable place to breed: after the waterplant of planting, in the long ecological ditch of the following 150m in stage casing, put loach in a suitable place to breed, loach, to the disturbance increase silt of bed mud and contacting of water body, increases it to the sticking of nutrient in water body and fixing, reduces and runs off;
The management of D, ecological ditch and maintenance: ecological ditch is wanted to regular maintenance, comprising:
1) the cradling and utilizing of ditch implants: the management of ecological ditch is regularly gathered in the waterplant growing in ecological ditch, the nitrogen phosphorus that waterplant is absorbed from silt and water body shifts out outside ditch, the frequency cradling is according to the different differences of waterplant, the annual harvesting of rhizoma scirpi 2 times, annual 3-4 time of Canna generalis Bailey, mullet grass, watermifoil is gathered in 5-7 time every year, and the waterplant material of harvesting is for green manure direct returning to farmland or cover tea place, orchard, realizes the recycle of nitrogen phosphorus nutrient;
2) desilting: ecological ditch waterplant and water-blocking bank have interception result to silt, carry out regular desilting, to remove silt on the one hand, keep raceway groove draining unobstructed, the nitrogen phosphorus that maintains the on the other hand ecological ditch effect of dissolving, annual 9-10 month is in conjunction with results loach, carry out bottom of trench desilting, the composition of different ditch section mud is difference to some extent, and the mud sediment concentration of leading portion is higher, and quality is thicker, concentrate to stack and process, muddy below stage casing is thinner, and nutrient content is higher, as fertilizer, is used for dry farmland or tea place;
3) maintenance of ecological ditch: the regularly inspection of ecological ditch and maintenance, prevent that pasture and water and foreign material from stopping up raceway groove and finding that in time water-blocking bank leaks or slope failure, just reparation in time, guarantees the normal operation of ecological ditch;
Described emergent is the arbitrary combination of wherein a kind of of Canna generalis Bailey, hay melon, mullet grass, rhizoma scirpi or to four kind;
Described waterplant is the arbitrary combination of wherein a kind of of Canna generalis Bailey, hay melon, mullet grass, rhizoma scirpi, green watermifoil or to five kind.
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| CN102249421A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2011-11-23 | 北京师范大学 | Method for remedying eutrophicated grass-type lake by harvesting aquatic plants |
| CN103102014A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method of protecting water quality by using ecological ditches |
| CN102966083A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological ditch constructing method for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland drainage |
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