A kind of hot extrusion three-way forming technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil, natural gas conveying equipment technical field, especially relate to a kind of hot extrusion three-way forming work
Skill.
Background technology
In long-distance oil & gas pipeline engineering construction, in order to meet the needs such as point defeated, break-in, metering, yard, valve chamber and compressor station
The tubing products such as substantial amounts of elbow, threeway are usually needed Deng site operation.In various informative threeway, extruded piping branch tee is due to it
Unique superiority and used in a large number.The manufacture of extruded piping branch tee is according to metal plastic deformation principle, heats the material to Austria
Under family name's body state, make pipe metal produce Plastic Flow in die cavity and form.It is characterized in transitional region at primary branch intersection
In there is no weld seam, it is simple to carry out nondestructive inspection, it is ensured that its reliability is significantly better than other kinds of threeway, and shoulder draw increase
Thickness, intensity makes moderate progress.
At present, the three-way forming technique of prior art is as it is shown in figure 1, being described as follows of concrete technology flow process is described.Fig. 1 is
Its three-way forming process flow diagram
First according to customization steel plates such as the material of threeway, specifications, after steel plate customization, it is welded into corresponding size by molding
Steel pipe, i.e. base pipe, as shown in Fig. 11,2.
Second step pipe flattens: base pipe shove charge is heated, and after in-furnace temperature reaches phase point temperature, answers constant temperature one timing
Between come out of the stove, under forcing press base pipe flatten ovalisation, as shown in Fig. 13.The flattening pipe little for deflection can use cold
Compacting.During flattening, weld seam is placed on major axis top.
3rd step compacting bulge: the base Guan Jinlu heating after flattening, heating-up temperature to 930~1000 DEG C, constant temperature is enough
Come out of the stove after time (as shown in Fig. 1 4), suppress after major axis weld seam end semicanal water-cooled, determine beginning press temperature and end
Only press temperature, makes to protrude (bulge), as shown in Fig. 15 at arm.Workpiece enters stove heating by the above process again suppress,
This process need to be repeated several times until matched moulds suppressed by upper and lower mold, makes arm have certain shape.Compacting will be at mold every time
On smear lubricant to obtain smooth forming surface.During continuously shaped, after surface of the work reaches set point of temperature, constant temperature one
Fix time compacting of can coming out of the stove.
4th step perforate extruding (draw): by have the workpiece of three-way shape on arm top line open elliptical aperture, split
Repairing with abrasive machine around hole, remove flash removed, stove of going forward side by side heats, heating-up temperature to 950~1000 DEG C, constant temperature certain time
After come out of the stove, tapping is extruded (draw) molding, as shown in Fig. 17.Extruding should ascending be carried out step by step until propping up mouth
Reach requirement size, extrusion process is applied temperature measurer workpiece temperature is monitored, when workpiece temperature is less than technological requirement temperature
Workpiece shove charge should be reheated when spending.
5th step Shape correction: the workpiece with three-way shape is entered stove heating, insulation rule after being heated to about 900 DEG C
After fixing time, after coming out of the stove, carry out shaping, including set round, retrofit, as shown in Fig. 18,9.
As it was noted above, conventional hot extrusion three-way forming technique main program has: tubulation, flat (the deflection increasing three of hot pressing
Logical), pressure bag, extruding flange, set round and polish, fabrication schedule is complex.And when flattening, pressing bag and extrude flange repeatedly
Heat treatment, i.e. loses time and wastes resource.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to design a kind of hot extrusion three-way forming technique, solve the problems referred to above.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of hot extrusion three-way forming technique, comprises the following steps that
The first step, steel plate rolling:
Plate steel plate rolling become the shaped steel plate of design thickness, described shaped steel plate are divided into arranged in parallel according to thickness
End regions, central region and three regions of tail region, wherein said end regions is identical with the wall thickness of described tail region;
Described central region wall thickness is more than described end regions and the wall thickness of described tail region;Described end regions and described middle region
Between territory, seamlessly transit in terms of thickness between described central region and described tail region;
Second step, steel pipe forming welds, tubulation:
It is bent into pipe, described end according to the orientation of described end regions, described central region and described tail region
The edge in region, portion is welded to connect with described tail region edge, and the region at described central region place forms thickening on tube wall
District;
3rd step perforate, extruding, formed and have the workpiece of three-way shape:
In the line perforate of described thickened area, repairing with abrasive machine around described perforate, remove flash removed, stove of going forward side by side adds
Heat, comes out of the stove after the design temperature of heating-up temperature to 950~1000 DEG C, and constant temperature is come out of the stove after certain time;Described tapping is carried out
Extruded, extruded should ascending carry out step by step, until a mouth reaches requirement size, extruded during application survey
Workpiece temperature is monitored by Wen Yi, should workpiece shove charge be reheated to described when workpiece temperature is less than technological requirement temperature
Design temperature;
4th step, Shape correction:
The described workpiece with three-way shape is entered stove heating, goes out after being incubated the stipulated time after being heated to about 900 DEG C
Stove, then carries out shaping.
In the first step, the described central region thickness of described shaped steel plate is according to threeway master, arm specification, according to the least
Determine in the threeway reinforcement district gauge that ASME B31.3 specifies;The wall thickness of described end regions and tail region is according to three
The external diameter of the connecting tube that logical supervisor is connected, intensity and thickness parameter, and the regional rank that pipeline passes through, according to middle diameter fonnula
Calculating determines;
Between end regions and the central region of described shaped steel plate, between described central region and described tail region
Thickness direction all seamlessly transits according to the ratio of no more than 1:4.
In second step, during steel pipe forming welding, it should be ensured that the center of described thickened area is corresponding with weld seam.
In the third step, described perforate is for opening elliptical aperture.
In the third step, come out of the stove after described constant temperature certain time, come out of the stove after specifically referring to constant temperature 20-50min.
In the 4th step, come out of the stove after described insulation to stipulated time, specifically refer to insulation and came out of the stove after 15-40 minute.
In the 4th step, described shaping includes set round and retrofit.
Described shaped steel plate is rectangular shaped steel plate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
First, this technique is to optimize on the basis of common process;
Second, this technique is the most relatively simple, because this technique eliminates steel pipe and flattens and bulge technique;
3rd, this technique is greatly saved the manufacturing time of product, improves production efficiency;Steel pipe flattening and bulge are all
Require heat to more than Ac3 point, constant temperature regular hour, and bulge and need the heated constant temperature corresponding time repeatedly, therefore save
After going flattening and bulge technique, the manufacture molding time of threeway obtains compression by a relatively large margin, and the whole production cycle significantly shortens.
4th, this technique has saved fuel source, common process need steel pipe flatten and two techniques of bulge, and flatten and
The bulge material that needs a person with the qualifications of a general is heated to Ac3 point temperatures above, consumes substantial amounts of natural gas or electric power resource, and this technique save this two
Technique, it is to avoid substantial amounts of fuel source has been saved in the heating repeatedly of steel pipe.
5th, this technique has saved steel, and traditional three-way forming mode, by threeway bulge and tee branch forming ability
Restriction, the overall steel plate wall thickness that increases generally need to be relied on to guarantee three-way forming.This technique needs only assure that steel plate central region
Wall thickness (corresponding threeway reinforcement district and shoulder regions), due to threeway non-reinforcement district (end regions of corresponding shaped steel plate with
Tail region) minimizing of wall thickness, its weight substantially reduces, it is to avoid unnecessary waste of material, also makes threeway later stage heat
Control process is the easiest.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three-way forming process flow diagram of the prior art.
Fig. 2 is three-way forming process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with
Drawings and Examples, are further elaborated to the present invention.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of hot extrusion three-way forming technique as shown in Figure 2, comprises the following steps that
The first step, steel plate rolling: plate steel plate rolling becomes the shaped steel plate of design thickness, and described shaped steel plate is according to thickness
Degree is divided into end regions, central region and three regions of tail region, wherein said end regions and described tail arranged in parallel
The wall thickness in region, portion is identical;Described central region wall thickness is more than described end regions and the wall thickness of described tail region;Described end
Between region, portion and described central region, seamlessly transit in terms of thickness between described central region and described tail region;
Second step, steel pipe forming welds, tubulation: according to described end regions, described central region and described tail region
Orientation be bent into pipe, the edge of described end regions is welded to connect with described tail region edge, described central region
The region at place forms thickened area on tube wall;
3rd step perforate, extruding, form the workpiece with three-way shape: in the line perforate of described thickened area, open described
Repairing with abrasive machine around hole, remove flash removed, stove of going forward side by side heats, after the design temperature of heating-up temperature to 950~1000 DEG C
Coming out of the stove, constant temperature is come out of the stove after certain time;Described tapping is carried out extruded, extruded should ascending carry out step by step,
Until mouth reaches requirement size, extruded during apply temperature measurer workpiece temperature to be monitored, when workpiece temperature is low
Workpiece shove charge should be reheated to when technological requirement temperature described design temperature;
4th step, Shape correction: the described workpiece with three-way shape is entered stove heating, protects after being heated to about 900 DEG C
Temperature was come out of the stove after the stipulated time, then carried out shaping.
In embodiment more preferably, in the first step, the described central region thickness of described shaped steel plate is according to three
Logical main, arm specification, determines according to the threeway reinforcement district gauge specified not less than ASME B31.3;Described end regions and
The wall thickness of tail region is responsible for, according to threeway, the external diameter of connecting tube, intensity and the thickness parameter being connected, and pipeline passes through
Regional rank, according to middle diameter fonnula calculate determine;Between end regions and the central region of described shaped steel plate, described middle part
All seamlessly transit according to the ratio of no more than 1:4 at thickness direction between region and described tail region.
In embodiment more preferably, in second step, during steel pipe forming welding, it should be ensured that the center of described thickened area
Corresponding with weld seam.In the third step, described perforate is for opening elliptical aperture.
In embodiment more preferably, in the third step, come out of the stove after described constant temperature certain time, specifically refer to constant temperature
Come out of the stove after 20-50min.In the 4th step, come out of the stove after described insulation to stipulated time, after specifically referring to insulation to 15-40 minute
Come out of the stove.
In embodiment more preferably, in the 4th step, described shaping includes set round and retrofit.Described one-tenth shaped steel
Plate is rectangular shaped steel plate.
In certain specific embodiment:
First it is steel plate rolling, is rolled into when steel plate rolling as shown in Fig. 21, true according to threeway supervisor's specification
Determine the thickness of steel plate, determine area and the thickness thereof of its thickened area according to arm specification.
Second step tubulation: during steel pipe forming welding, it should be ensured that the center of thicker region is corresponding with weld seam.
3rd step perforate extruding: open elliptical aperture in the line of steel pipe thicker region, repair with abrasive machine around perforate
Whole, remove flash removed, stove of going forward side by side heats, and heating-up temperature to 950~1000 DEG C is come out of the stove, and constant temperature is come out of the stove after certain time, to tapping
Carry out extruding (draw) molding, as shown in Fig. 23,4.Extruding should ascending carry out step by step until a mouth reaches requirement size,
Extrusion process is applied temperature measurer workpiece temperature is monitored, workpiece should be filled when workpiece temperature is less than technological requirement temperature
Stove reheats.
4th step is identical with the 5th step of three-way forming technological process of the prior art, as shown in Fig. 25.
Describe in detail the present invention above by concrete with preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art should be bright
In vain, the invention is not limited in embodiment described above, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of being made,
Equivalents etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.