CN103385147B - Method for determining and cooling local hot points of fruit tree - Google Patents
Method for determining and cooling local hot points of fruit tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385147B CN103385147B CN201310232755.XA CN201310232755A CN103385147B CN 103385147 B CN103385147 B CN 103385147B CN 201310232755 A CN201310232755 A CN 201310232755A CN 103385147 B CN103385147 B CN 103385147B
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining and cooling local hot points of a fruit tree. The method comprises the steps of (1) randomly selecting one fruit tree, mounting a plurality of temperature sensors, selecting at least three days in the fruit growth period for continuously collecting the all-day temperature information of the fruit tree, drawing a real time temperature curve according to the temperature information collected by each sensor every day, overlapping the temperature curves obtained by the sensors at the same position in different days, and performing visual analysis on the final curves of all sensors to obtain the local hot points of the fruit tree; and (2) collecting the temperature information at each local collecting hot point in the last growth period of the fruit tree, comparing the temperature information with the limit heat-resistant growth temperature of the fruit tree, and cooling the corresponding hot points when the temperature is larger than the limit heat-resistant growth temperature of the fruit tree. The method for determining and cooling local hot points of the fruit tree solves the problems of random fan positions and high expenditure in the traditional orchard managing, and is favorable for solving the problems of tree types with relatively complex tree shapes and thick leaves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a planting fruit-trees cooling, be specifically related to a kind ofly utilize Visual Expression Method to determine fruit tree hot localised points and the method for lowering the temperature to it.
Background technology
Solar radiation is the important energy source driving the large ring layer running of the earth five, and zoic vital movement all depends on and obtains solar radiant energy directly or indirectly through various forms.In solar spectrum, 400 ~ 700nm wave band is called photosynthetic active radiation, and being the important energy source that plant carries out that photosynthesis forms primary biomass, is the key factor of climatic potential productivity.Photosynthetic active radiation refers in solar radiation and can be absorbed for photosynthesis by the chloroplast of green plants, thus realizes this part radiation of substance accumulation.
The growth of photosynthesis to fruit tree is most important, but excessive photosynthetic irradiation may increase the hot-spot at some position of fruit tree so that have an impact to the yield and quality etc. of the blooming of fruit tree, result and fruit, therefore needs to carry out cooling at high temperature season to fruit tree and processes.
Traditional cool-down method has: cooling of pouring water, and orchard microclimate is improved in profit garden of namely pouring water in real time; Spray cooling, namely when temperature exceedes the growth preference temperature Shi Geiquan garden fruit tree water spray of fruit tree, generally carries out in the morning, tree is entirely squirted to blade and to drip position; Intertillage is loosened the soil, and namely loosen the soil in high temperature season hoe garden, elimination is hardened, and cuts off keeping, reduces moisture evaporation; Cover grass in garden, high temperature season arrive before, between the strain of orchard, cover one deck tangerine, can water conservation, lower the temperature, avoid high light directly according to solarization ground, reduce soil water evaporation.
The too high meeting of the impact, particularly local temperature of the conditions such as the easy climate of process of growth of cherry tree makes the pol of cherry reduce.Therefore, in order to make the growth temperature of cherry tree remain on certain scope, we need to carry out cooling process for the situation that temperature is too high.And above traditional cool-down method all Shortcomings separately, high cost or cooling-down effect limited, the cool-down method of relative conventional method better effects if is that some fans of installation carry out cooling process to local hot spot around cherry tree, but also there is its drawback in this mode, if it is too much that quantity installed by fan, increase cost, fan is installed very little, cooling-down effect can be affected, therefore from reducing costs, reduce the aspects such as energy consumption to set out, need to adopt the least possible fan to cover the region of local hot spot, and the opening time etc. of fan is controlled, therefore best fan mounting points namely find the correspondence position of fruit tree hot localised points to become problem that solution is needed in fruit tree management field badly is found.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly determine fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, solve the random and problem that cost is higher of traditional orchard management fan location comparison, be conducive to solving tree-like relative complex, tree type that leaf is dense simultaneously.
Determine fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, comprise the steps:
(1) Stochastic choice fruit tree, this fruit tree is installed several temperature sensors, at least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day are chosen in this fruit tree growth phase, temperature information according to collection every day of each sensor draws real time temperature curve, not on the same day in the temperature curve that obtains of the sensor of same position is superimposed obtains final curves, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtains the hot localised points of described fruit tree;
(2) within this fruit tree next vegetative period, gather the temperature information at each hot localised points place, the limit heat resisting temperature of this temperature information and fruit tree growth is compared, when this temperature information is greater than the limit heat resisting temperature of fruit tree growth, corresponding hot localised points is lowered the temperature.
Preferably, cooling fan is installed to lower the temperature at each hot localised points place.
In order to make the cooling-down effect of cooling fan reach best, more preferably, the wind direction of described cooling fan is towards the central area of hot localised points.
In order to make detection range cover whole fruit tree as much as possible, increase the accuracy of hot localised points, preferably, quantity installed by described temperature sensor is 40 ~ 50.
Further preferably, described temperature sensor is scattered in whole fruit tree equably.
In order to reduce the workload of visual analyzing, preferably, in step (1), temperature is chosen to the final curves of all the sensors and carry out visual analyzing higher than the curved section of setting value.This setting value can be different according to the preference temperature difference of fruit tree, is generally set as lower than 28 DEG C.
Data gather more intensive, the data reliability finally obtained is higher, but corresponding workload also can increase, the amount of data acquisition is few, and corresponding workload can reduce, but the confidence level of data also can decline, therefore, weigh the workload of data processing and the confidence level of data in the present invention, preferably, described in step (1), the measuring frequency of temperature sensor is set to 6 ~ 30 seconds.Namely each temperature sensor gathered a temperature information every 6 ~ 30 seconds, each sensor collection per minute 2 ~ 10 temperature datas.
In order to increase the confidence level of data further, making to obtain hot localised points accuracy increases, and preferably, carries out under the uniform illumination condition that is captured in of the middle temperature information of step (1).
Also can the random acquisition real time temperature information of several days, then classify according to weather conditions (fine day, cloudy day, rainy day and cloudy weather) to temperature data, the data choosing fine day carry out visual analyzing, determine hot localised points.
With the same in step (1), preferably, in step (2), the frequency acquisition of real time temperature information is 6 ~ 30 seconds.
Preferably, in step (2), at interval of 1 ~ 5 minute, temperature is averaging to all temperature informations collected, compares with the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean temperature and fruit tree growth.Method of the present invention is particularly suitable for carrying out monitoring temperature and cooling process, for the hot localised points finally determined in whole fruit tree generally at 2 ~ 5 to cherry tree.
According to the season of growth of cherry tree, in step (2), the collection of temperature information from April 13 to June 5, every 6 ~ 30 seconds collecting temperature information once.
Compared with traditional method, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the method for visualizing of temperature information to study choosing of fruit tree temperature-fall period fan optimum position, achieve the proportional space arrangement of orchard management fan position, reduce production cost, reduce energy resource consumption, there is extremely strong applicability, economy and using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the installation site schematic diagram of 48 temperature sensors on cherry tree;
Fig. 2 is the temperature information spatial distribution map (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) obtained after visual analyzing in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) obtained after visual analyzing in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is one of them longitudinal (X-Z) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is transverse direction (X-Y) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is another longitudinal (X-Z) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Be described for cherry tree in present embodiment.
Select a certain the cherry tree that in orchard, position is certain, in the tree 48 temperature sensors are installed, sensor is scattered in whole tree comparatively equably, wherein the installation site of temperature sensor as shown in Figure 1, each temperature sensor correspondence configuration channel data logger, channel data logger connects CPU, by individual passage, the temperature data that each sensor gathers is stored in (data logger adopts the resolution of 16) in data logger, carries out visual analyzing for CPU called data.
The determination of embodiment 1 hot localised points
At least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day are chosen in cherry tree vegetative period (for April 13 was to June 5 in the present embodiment), 10 days that choose uniform illumination in the present embodiment, gather the temperature information of the whole day of this 10 day every day, each sensor gathered a secondary data every 6 ~ 12 seconds, gathered once every 10 seconds altogether in present embodiment, and by the data storing of collection in the data storage of correspondence.
Data in CPU called data memory, temperature information according to collection every day of each sensor draws real time temperature curve, not on the same day in the temperature curve that obtains of the sensor of same position is superimposed obtains final curves, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtains temperature information spatial distribution map as described in Figure 2 and the isothermal chart shown in Fig. 3.
From Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the hot localised points obtained in the present embodiment is distributed in (24.2,506.8,278.7), (66.5,493.6,222.4), (207,473,90.7), as one of them longitudinally (X-Z) cross section isothermal chart and citing of lateral cross section (X-Y) isothermal chart that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is Fig. 3, wherein from Fig. 4, we can see that temperature higher point appears at X-axis 20 ~ 45cm, Z axis 275 ~ 305cm place, composition graphs 5 can determine that temperature higher point appears at X-axis 20 ~ 45cm again, Y-axis 498 ~ 520cm place.The position that Fig. 4 also show this hot localised points is in the outer top of tree, because the long-time direct projection of sunshine causes the too high of temperature.
Fig. 6 is another longitudinal (X-Z) cross section isothermal chart of Fig. 3, can learn that from Fig. 6 temperature higher point appears at X-axis 65 ~ 100cm, Z axis 220 ~ 240cm place, this position is in centre position on the upper side, the middle part of tree, for larger limb, blade is relatively dense causes the not smooth of air circulation, and causes producing local hot spot.
Visual analyzing is carried out for the superimposed final curves obtained of temperature curve that sensor of middle same position does not obtain on the same day, also can carrying out visual analyzing by the selective temperature curved section that is greater than setting value (setting value of cherry tree is 28 DEG C), judging according to analyzing the isothermal chart obtained the region that hot localised points occurs.
Embodiment 2 fruit tree is lowered the temperature
The cooling process in Cherry Pink And Apple Blossom White one vegetative period is known by the hot localised points that embodiment 1 analysis obtains, within this cherry tree next vegetative period, analyze the hot localised points place obtained in embodiment 1 and a cooling fan is respectively installed, the gauge tap of cooling fan is connected with CPU, automatically controlled by CPU, the wind direction of cooling fan is towards the central area of corresponding hot localised points, within this vegetative period, start the temperature sensor being positioned at local hot spot areas, temperature information in this local hot spot areas of continuous acquisition, each sensor gathered a secondary data every 6 ~ 12 seconds, gathered once every 10 seconds altogether in present embodiment, passed back in corresponding data memory by respective channel.
CPU is transferred these temperature informations and is compared with the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value set in CPU, when the temperature information that temperature sensor collects is greater than the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value of setting, automatically the cooling fan in this temperature sensor place local hot spot areas is started, this local hot spot areas is lowered the temperature, when the temperature information that temperature sensor collects again is less than the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value of setting, automatically the cooling fan in this temperature sensor place local hot spot areas is closed, On-line Control is carried out to cooling fan, reduce energy consumption.
CPU can also be set in 1 ~ 5min(the present embodiment, select 1min) transfer a temperature information, and the temperature information that temperature sensor each in this time period collects is averaged, then the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean value and cherry tree is compared, mean temperature is greater than limit heat resisting temperature and then opens corresponding temperature sensor, and the mean temperature again obtained is less than limit heat resisting temperature and then closes corresponding temperature sensor.
By above method, the proportional space arrangement that cooling process achieves orchard management fan position is carried out to cherry tree, reduce production cost, reduce energy resource consumption, there is extremely strong applicability, economy and using value.
The foregoing is only better implementation example of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, all within the present invention's spirit and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. determine fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, comprising the steps:
(1) Stochastic choice fruit tree, this fruit tree is installed several temperature sensors, at least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day are chosen in this fruit tree growth phase, temperature information according to collection every day of each sensor draws real time temperature curve, not on the same day in the temperature curve that obtains of the sensor of same position is superimposed obtains final curves, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtains the hot localised points of described fruit tree; Described temperature sensor is scattered in whole fruit tree equably; Temperature is chosen to the final curves of all the sensors and carries out visual analyzing higher than the curved section of setting value; The measuring frequency of temperature sensor is set to 6 ~ 30 seconds;
Described visual analyzing, the final curves by all the sensors are chosen temperature and are decomposed into longitudinal cross-section isothermal chart and lateral cross section isothermal chart higher than the curved section of setting value, both are combined, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate point of the hot localised points of described fruit tree;
(2) within this fruit tree next vegetative period, gather the temperature information at each hot localised points place, at interval of 1 ~ 5 minute, temperature is averaging to all temperature informations collected, compare with the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean temperature and fruit tree growth, when this temperature information is greater than the limit heat resisting temperature of fruit tree growth, corresponding hot localised points is lowered the temperature.
2. according to claim 1ly determine fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, cooling fan being installed at each hot localised points place and lowering the temperature.
3. according to claim 2ly determine fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, the wind direction of described cooling fan is towards the central area of hot localised points.
4. determine fruit tree hot localised points according to claim 1 and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, quantity installed by described temperature sensor is 40 ~ 50.
5. determine fruit tree hot localised points according to claim 1 and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, carrying out under the uniform illumination condition that is captured in of the middle temperature information of step (1).
6. determine fruit tree hot localised points according to claim 1 and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the frequency acquisition of real time temperature information is 6 ~ 30 seconds.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101953287A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-26 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-data based crop water demand detection system and method |
| CN202095371U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 李崇平 | Automatic spray system |
| CN202587914U (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-12-12 | 上海泽泉科技有限公司 | Device for monitoring growth of old trees and famous wood species |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101953287A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-26 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-data based crop water demand detection system and method |
| CN202095371U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 李崇平 | Automatic spray system |
| CN202587914U (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-12-12 | 上海泽泉科技有限公司 | Device for monitoring growth of old trees and famous wood species |
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