CN103385147A - Method for determining and cooling local hot points of fruit tree - Google Patents
Method for determining and cooling local hot points of fruit tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385147A CN103385147A CN201310232755XA CN201310232755A CN103385147A CN 103385147 A CN103385147 A CN 103385147A CN 201310232755X A CN201310232755X A CN 201310232755XA CN 201310232755 A CN201310232755 A CN 201310232755A CN 103385147 A CN103385147 A CN 103385147A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining and cooling local hot points of a fruit tree. The method comprises the steps of (1) randomly selecting one fruit tree, mounting a plurality of temperature sensors, selecting at least three days in the fruit growth period for continuously collecting the all-day temperature information of the fruit tree, drawing a real time temperature curve according to the temperature information collected by each sensor every day, overlapping the temperature curves obtained by the sensors at the same position in different days, and performing visual analysis on the final curves of all sensors to obtain the local hot points of the fruit tree; and (2) collecting the temperature information at each local collecting hot point in the last growth period of the fruit tree, comparing the temperature information with the limit heat-resistant growth temperature of the fruit tree, and cooling the corresponding hot points when the temperature is larger than the limit heat-resistant growth temperature of the fruit tree. The method for determining and cooling local hot points of the fruit tree solves the problems of random fan positions and high expenditure in the traditional orchard managing, and is favorable for solving the problems of tree types with relatively complex tree shapes and thick leaves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a planting fruit-trees cooling, be specifically related to a kind of Visual Expression Method that utilizes and determine the fruit tree hot localised points and to its method of lowering the temperature.
Background technology
Solar radiation is the important energy source that drives the large ring layer running of the earth five, and zoic vital movement all depends on directly or indirectly and obtains solar radiant energy by various forms.In solar spectrum, 400～700nm wave band is called photosynthetic active radiation, is the important energy source that plant carries out photosynthesis formation primary biomass, is the key factor of climatic potential productivity.Photosynthetic active radiation refers to can be absorbed for photosynthesis by the chloroplast of green plants in solar radiation, thereby realizes this part radiation of substance accumulation.
Photosynthesis is most important to the growth of fruit tree, but excessive photosynthetic irradiation may increase the hot-spot at some position of fruit tree so that the yield and quality of the blooming of fruit tree, result and fruit etc. is exerted an influence, therefore need to be at high temperature season to the fruit tree processing of lowering the temperature.
Traditional cool-down method has: the cooling of pouring water, and orchard microclimate is improved in the profit garden of namely pouring water in real time; Spray cooling, namely surpass the growth preference temperature Shi Geiquan garden fruit tree water spray of fruit tree when temperature, generally carry out in the morning, will entirely set and squirt to the blade position of dripping; Intertillage is loosened the soil, and namely in high temperature season hoe garden, loosens the soil, and elimination is hardened, and cuts off keeping, reduces the moisture evaporation; Cover grass in garden, before high temperature season arrives, cover one deck tangerine between the strain of orchard, but water conservation, lower the temperature, avoid high light directly according to shining ground, reduce soil water evaporation.
The too high meeting of the impact, particularly local temperature of the conditions such as the easy climate of process of growth of cherry tree reduces the pol of cherry.Therefore, for the growth temperature that makes cherry tree remains on certain scope, we need to be for the processing of lowering the temperature of the situation of excess Temperature.and above traditional cool-down method Shortcomings all separately, high cost or cooling-down effect limited, relatively the cool-down method of conventional method better effects if is some fans to be installed to the local hot spot processing of lowering the temperature around cherry tree, but also there is its drawback in this mode, if it is too much that fan is installed quantity, increase cost, fan is installed very little, can affect cooling-down effect, therefore from reducing costs, set out in the aspects such as minimizing energy consumption, need to adopt the least possible fan to cover the zone of local hot spot, and opening time of fan etc. is controlled, therefore the fan mounting points of finding the best namely finds the correspondence position of fruit tree hot localised points to become the fruit tree management field and needs the problem of solution badly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of definite fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, solved the random and higher problem of cost of traditional orchard management fan location comparison, be conducive to simultaneously to solve tree-like relative complex, tree type that leaf is dense.
A kind of definite fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, comprise the steps:
(1) select at random a fruit tree, several temperature sensors are installed on this fruit tree, this fruit tree growth is chosen at least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day in the phase, draw the real time temperature curve according to the temperature information of each sensor collection every day, not on the same day in the superimposed final curves that obtain of temperature curve that obtain of the sensor of same position, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtain the hot localised points of described fruit tree;
(2) gather the temperature information at each hot localised points place in next vegetative period in this fruit tree, the limit heat resisting temperature of this temperature information and fruit tree growth is compared,, corresponding hot localised points is lowered the temperature during greater than the limit heat resisting temperature of fruit tree growth when this temperature information.
Preferably, at each hot localised points place, cooling fan being installed lowers the temperature.
For the cooling-down effect that makes cooling fan reaches best, more preferably, the wind direction of described cooling fan is towards the central area of hot localised points.
In order to make detection range cover as much as possible whole fruit tree, increase the accuracy of hot localised points, preferably, it is 40～50 that described temperature sensor is installed quantity.
Further preferably, described temperature sensor is scattered in whole fruit tree equably.
, in order to reduce the workload of visual analyzing, preferably, in step (1), the final curves of all the sensors are chosen temperature and carry out visual analyzing higher than the curved section that sets value.This setting value is different according to the different meetings of preference temperature of fruit tree, generally is set as lower than 28 ℃.
Data gather more intensively, the data confidence level that finally obtains is higher, but corresponding workload also can increase, the amount of data acquisition is few, and corresponding workload can reduce, but the confidence level of data also can descend, therefore, the workload that in the present invention, the balance data are processed and the confidence level of data, preferably, described in step (1), the measuring frequency of temperature sensor is set to 6～30 seconds.Be that each temperature sensor gathered a temperature information, 2～10 temperature datas of each sensor collection per minute every 6～30 seconds.
Obtain hot localised points accuracy increase in order further to increase the confidence level of data, to make, preferably, in step (1), being captured under the illumination homogeneous condition of temperature information carried out.
Also can the random acquisition real time temperature information of several days, then temperature data is classified according to weather conditions (fine day, cloudy day, rainy day and cloudy weather), choose the data of fine day and carry out visual analyzing, determine hot localised points.
With the same in step (1), preferably, in step (2), the frequency acquisition of real time temperature information is 6～30 seconds.
Preferably, at interval of 1～5 minute, all temperature informations that collect are averaging temperature in step (2), with the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean temperature and fruit tree growth, compare.Method of the present invention is particularly suitable for cherry tree is carried out monitoring temperature and cooling is processed, for the final hot localised points of determining in whole fruit tree generally at 2～5.
According to the season of growth of cherry tree, in step (2), the collection of temperature information 5 days from April 13 to June, every 6～30 seconds collecting temperature information once.
Compare with traditional method, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the method for visualizing of temperature information to study choosing of fruit tree temperature-fall period fan optimum position, realized that the proportional space of orchard management fan position arranges, reduce production cost, reduced energy resource consumption, had extremely strong applicability, economy and using value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the installation site schematic diagram of 48 temperature sensors on cherry tree;
Fig. 2 is the temperature information spatial distribution map (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) that obtains after visual analyzing in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) that obtains after visual analyzing in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is one of them vertical (X-Z) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is horizontal (X-Y) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is another vertical (X-Z) isothermal chart (wherein in figure, temperature is Celsius temperature) of Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Describe as an example of cherry tree example in present embodiment.
Select a certain certain cherry tree of position in orchard, 48 temperature sensors are installed in the tree, sensor is scattered in whole tree comparatively equably, wherein the installation site of temperature sensor as shown in Figure 1, channel data logger of the corresponding configuration of each temperature sensor, the channel data logger connects CPU, by individual passage, the temperature data of each sensor collection is stored in (data logger adopts the resolution of 16) in data logger, transfers data for CPU and carry out visual analyzing.
Determining of embodiment 1 hot localised points
Choose at least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day in cherry tree vegetative period (being that April 13 was to June 5 in the present embodiment), chose illumination in the present embodiment uniform 10 days, gather the temperature information of the whole day of this 10 day every day, each sensor gathered a secondary data every 6～12 seconds, gathered once every 10 seconds altogether in present embodiment, and the data storing that will gather is in the data storage of correspondence.
CPU is transferred the data in data storage, draw the real time temperature curve according to the temperature information of each sensor collection every day, not on the same day in the superimposed final curves that obtain of temperature curve that obtain of the sensor of same position, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtain as described in Figure 2 the temperature information spatial distribution map and isothermal chart shown in Figure 3.
By Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be known, the hot localised points that obtains in the present embodiment is distributed in (24.2,506.8,278.7), (66.5,493.6,222.4), (207,473,90.7), that vertically (X-Z) cross section isothermal chart and lateral cross section (X-Y) isothermal chart be for example for one of them of Fig. 3 as Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, wherein we can see that the temperature higher point appears at X-axis 20～45cm from Fig. 4, Z axis 275～305cm place, can determine that in conjunction with Fig. 5 the temperature higher point appears at X-axis 20～45cm again, Y-axis 498～520cm place.Fig. 4 has also shown that the position of this hot localised points is in the outer top of tree, because the long-time direct projection of sunshine has caused the too high of temperature.
Fig. 6 is another vertical (X-Z) cross section isothermal chart of Fig. 3, can learn that from Fig. 6 the temperature higher point appears at X-axis 65～100cm, Z axis 220～240cm place, this position is in the centre position on the upper side, middle part of tree, for larger limb, blade is relatively dense causes the not smooth of circulation of air, and causes producing local hot spot.
For not on the same day in the superimposed final curves that obtain of temperature curve that obtain of the sensor of same position carry out visual analyzing, also can select temperature to carry out visual analyzing greater than the curved section that sets value (setting value of cherry tree is 28 ℃), the zone that the isothermal chart judgement hot localised points that obtains according to analysis occurs.
analyze with embodiment 1 hot localised points that obtains and know the cooling processing of Cherry Pink And Apple Blossom White in one vegetative period, this cherry tree in next vegetative period, analyze the hot localised points place that obtains in embodiment 1 cooling fan respectively is installed, the gauge tap of cooling fan is connected with CPU, automatically controlled by CPU, the wind direction of cooling fan is towards the central area of corresponding hot localised points, within this vegetative period, start the temperature sensor that is positioned at local hot spot areas, temperature information in this local hot spot areas of continuous acquisition, each sensor gathered a secondary data every 6～12 seconds, gathered once every 10 seconds altogether in present embodiment, pass back in the corresponding data memory by respective channel.
CPU is transferred these temperature informations and is compared with the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value of setting in CPU, the temperature information that collects when temperature sensor is during greater than the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value set, automatically start the cooling fan in this temperature sensor place local hot spot areas, this local hot spot areas is lowered the temperature, the temperature information that again collects when temperature sensor is during less than the cherry tree limit heat resisting temperature value set, automatically close the cooling fan in this temperature sensor place local hot spot areas, cooling fan is carried out On-line Control, reduce energy consumption.
Can also set CPU and select 1min in 1～5min(the present embodiment) transfer temperature information one time, and the temperature information that each temperature sensor in this time period collects is averaged, then the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean value and cherry tree is compared, mean temperature is opened the corresponding temperature sensor greater than limit heat resisting temperature, and the mean temperature that again obtains is closed the corresponding temperature sensor less than limit heat resisting temperature.
By above method, cherry tree is lowered the temperature to process and realized that the proportional space of orchard management fan position arranges, reduced production cost, reduced energy resource consumption, have extremely strong applicability, economy and using value.
The foregoing is only better implementation example of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, all within the present invention spirit and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a definite fruit tree hot localised points and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) select at random a fruit tree, several temperature sensors are installed on this fruit tree, this fruit tree growth is chosen at least three days temperature informations for fruit tree continuous acquisition whole day in the phase, draw the real time temperature curve according to the temperature information of each sensor collection every day, not on the same day in the superimposed final curves that obtain of temperature curve that obtain of the sensor of same position, the final curves of all the sensors are carried out visual analyzing, obtain the hot localised points of described fruit tree;
(2) gather the temperature information at each hot localised points place in next vegetative period in this fruit tree, the limit heat resisting temperature of this temperature information and fruit tree growth is compared,, corresponding hot localised points is lowered the temperature during greater than the limit heat resisting temperature of fruit tree growth when this temperature information.
2. definite fruit tree hot localised points according to claim 1 and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, is characterized in that, at each hot localised points place, cooling fan is installed and lowered the temperature.
3. definite fruit tree hot localised points according to claim 2 and to the method that it is lowered the temperature, is characterized in that, the wind direction of described cooling fan is towards the central area of hot localised points.
4. determine according to claim 1 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, it is 40～50 that described temperature sensor is installed quantity.
5. determine according to claim 4 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, described temperature sensor is scattered in whole fruit tree equably.
6. determine according to claim 1 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the final curves of all the sensors being chosen temperature and carry out visual analyzing higher than the curved section that sets value.
7. determine according to claim 1 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, described in step (1), the measuring frequency of temperature sensor is set to 6～30 seconds.
8. determine according to claim 1 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, in step (1), being captured under the illumination homogeneous condition of temperature information carried out.
9. determine according to claim 1 the fruit tree hot localised points and, to the method that it is lowered the temperature, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the frequency acquisition of real time temperature information is 6～30 seconds.
10. determine according to claim 9 the fruit tree hot localised points and to its method of lowering the temperature, it is characterized in that, at interval of 1～5 minute, all temperature informations that collect are averaging temperature in step (2), with the limit heat resisting temperature of this mean temperature and fruit tree growth, compare.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101953287A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-26 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-data based crop water demand detection system and method |
| CN202095371U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 李崇平 | Automatic spray system |
| CN202587914U (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-12-12 | 上海泽泉科技有限公司 | Device for monitoring growth of old trees and famous wood species |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101953287A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-26 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-data based crop water demand detection system and method |
| CN202095371U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-04 | 李崇平 | Automatic spray system |
| CN202587914U (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-12-12 | 上海泽泉科技有限公司 | Device for monitoring growth of old trees and famous wood species |
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