CN103366393A - Method for generating hollow embossment in combination with multiple input ways - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for generating a hollow embossment in combination with multiple input ways. The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of a three-dimensional model, acquiring a bar chart, a rendering chart and a depth chart of the three-dimensional model in sequence; and synthesizing and generating the final hollow embossment by using an optimization method. Compared with the conventional manual making, the method for generating the hollow embossment in combination with multiple input ways has the advantage of saving time and force; and moreover, the hollow embossment is easy to store and edit, and can be processed into an embossment article.

Description

A kind of in conjunction with many input modes hollow out embossment generation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the computer graphics techniques field, especially relate to a kind of in conjunction with many input modes hollow out embossment generation method.

Background technology

Numeral embossment generating technique can be divided into image-based embossment generation technique at present, based on the embossment generation technique of direct 3D modeling and based on the embossment generation technique of model manipulation.The embossment that image-based embossment generation technique generates can not be correct generation embossment height, and do not possess practical significance; Embossment generation technique based on direct 3D modeling is more loaded down with trivial details, and all need to start all over again from the beginning, and it is unrealistic to make a large amount of digital embossments.Also there is not at present the generation technique for the hollow out embossment.

Summary of the invention

Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of in conjunction with many input modes hollow out embossment generation method, it is time saving and energy saving to make than traditional-handwork, and is easy to preserve, edit, and can be processed into the embossment article.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of in conjunction with many input modes hollow out embossment generation method, set out by three-dimensional model, obtain successively three-dimensional model string diagram, play up figure and depth map, then synthetic by optimization method and generate last hollow out embossment.

Further, in the step of the string diagram that obtains three-dimensional model, comprise and obtain outline line and other lines;

Outline line acquisition methods: n (p) v=0 (1)

P is the point on the curved surface, and n is normal, and v observes vector, by the curved projection surfaces visible part to the plane of delineation, just can Extracting contour and skeleton line;

Other lines refer to crestal line and valley line:

$w=\frac{v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)}{\left|\right|v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)\left|\right|}---\left(2\right)$

${\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)=0,$ and ${\▿}_w{\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)>0---\left(3\right)$

K _r＝0，and ${\▿}_w{K}_r>0---\left(4\right)$

Can extracting ridges and valley line by means of formula (2), (3), (4), however the lines that extract are too much, are not suitable for final hollow out embossment and generate, can carry out it by Laplace operator smooth,

$L\left(x_i\right)=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\Σw}}_{\mathrm{ij}}}\underset{j\∈N\left(i\right)}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{w}_{\mathrm{ij}}(x_j-x_i)---\left(5\right).$

Further, obtaining the playing up in the figure step of three-dimensional model, adopting the Lambert to play up the figure input, figure is played up in the Lambert provides important visual information generating the height that produces the hollow out embossment,

I＝α(n(p)·m(p)) (6)。

Further, in obtaining the depth map step of three-dimensional model, three-dimensional model can provide elevation information.

Further, three kinds described in the claim 2-4 obtain by same viewpoint and same projection plane and obtain, and the pixel value of definition embossment grid is the mean value of its four neighbor pixels,

$I(x,y)=\frac{1}{4}(I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))---\left(7\right)$

Its gradient is tried to achieve by formula (8)

$\▿I=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂\underset{\·}{x}}\\ \frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂y}\end{array}\right)---\left(8\right);$

$=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))\\ \frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))\end{array}\right)$

Formula (7), (8) rebuild the surface of hollow out embossment in conjunction with the formula of back;

At first obtain string diagram by the lines input equation,

$E_w=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂y}\right))}^2---\left(9\right)$

Play up the figure equation by the Lambert again and obtain and play up figure,

$E_L=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2---\left(10\right)$

Then obtain depth map by degree of depth equation,

$E_d=\underset{x=2}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=2}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(\begin{array}{c}h(x+1,y)+h(x-1,y)+h(x,y+1)\\ +h(x,y-1)-4h(x,y)-g(x,y)\end{array}\right)}^2---\left(11\right)$

Reduce the synthetic hollow out embossment of optimization by energy at last,

W＝w _dE _d+w _LE _L+w _wE _w (12)

Constraint condition: $\underset{h}{\min n}E\left(h\right)$

s.t.h＜0，-h＜h _max (13)

Find the solution:

$E_h=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(h(x,y)-h^{*})}^2---\left(14\right)$

H wherein ^*=-θ log (1-θ h (x, y)), θ controls compression degree

Adopted technique scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

Novelty of the present invention is to propose first to extract the string diagram of three-dimensional model as the top priority that generates the hollow out embossment, the string diagram that extracts can generate the profile of hollow out embossment, yet in order to realize seamlessly transitting between the embossment, that extracts simultaneously three-dimensional model plays up figure and height map.Generate final three-dimensional hollow out embossment in conjunction with the optimized algorithm based on the energy minimum.It is time saving and energy saving to make than traditional-handwork based on the hollow out embossment generation method of three-dimensional model, and is easy to preserve, edit, and can be processed into the embossment article.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the hollow out embossment generating principle figure of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the pixel synoptic diagram of the hollow out embossment curved surface of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 (a), (b), (c), (d) are respectively the hollow out anaglyph figure of the embodiment of the invention, and wherein the left side is input three-dimensional model, the hollow out embossment model of right side for generating;

Embodiment

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are common, a kind ofly set out by three-dimensional model in conjunction with many input modes hollow out embossment method of generationing, obtain successively three-dimensional model string diagram, play up figure and depth map, then synthesize by optimization method and generate last hollow out embossment.Novelty of the present invention is to propose first to extract the string diagram of three-dimensional model as the top priority that generates the hollow out embossment, the string diagram that extracts can generate the profile of hollow out embossment, yet in order to realize seamlessly transitting between the embossment, that extracts simultaneously three-dimensional model plays up figure and height map.Generate final three-dimensional hollow out embossment in conjunction with the optimized algorithm based on the energy minimum.

In the step of the string diagram that obtains three-dimensional model, comprise and obtain outline line and other lines;

Outline line acquisition methods: n (p) v=0 (1)

P is the point on the curved surface, and n is normal, and v observes vector, by the curved projection surfaces visible part to the plane of delineation, just can Extracting contour and skeleton line;

Other lines refer to crestal line and valley line:

$w=\frac{v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)}{\left|\right|v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)\left|\right|}---\left(2\right)$

${\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)=0,$ and ${\▿}_w{\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)>0---\left(3\right)$

K _r＝0，and ${\▿}_w{K}_r>0---\left(4\right)$

Can extracting ridges and valley line by means of formula (2), (3), (4), however the lines that extract are too much, are not suitable for final hollow out embossment and generate, can carry out it by Laplace operator smooth,

$L\left(x_i\right)=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\Σw}}_{\mathrm{ij}}}\underset{j\∈N\left(i\right)}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{w}_{\mathrm{ij}}(x_j-x_i)---\left(5\right).$

Obtaining the playing up in the figure step of three-dimensional model, adopting the Lambert to play up the figure input, figure is played up in the Lambert provides important visual information generating the height that produces the hollow out embossment,

I＝α(n(p)·m(p)) (6)。

In obtaining the depth map step of three-dimensional model, three-dimensional model can provide elevation information.

Above-mentioned three kinds are obtained by same viewpoint and the acquisition of same projection plane, and the pixel value of definition embossment grid is the mean value of its four neighbor pixels,

$I(x,y)=\frac{1}{4}(I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))---\left(7\right)$

Formula (7), (8) rebuild the surface of hollow out embossment in conjunction with the formula of back;

Its gradient is tried to achieve by formula (8)

$\▿I=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂\underset{\·}{x}}\\ \frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂y}\end{array}\right)---\left(8\right);$

$=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))\\ \frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))\end{array}\right)$

At first obtain string diagram by the lines input equation,

$E_w=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂y}\right))}^2---\left(9\right)$

Play up the figure equation by the Lambert again and obtain and play up figure,

$E_L=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2---\left(10\right)$

Then obtain depth map by degree of depth equation,

$E_d=\underset{x=2}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=2}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(\begin{array}{c}h(x+1,y)+h(x-1,y)+h(x,y+1)\\ +h(x,y-1)-4h(x,y)-g(x,y)\end{array}\right)}^2---\left(11\right)$

Reduce the synthetic hollow out embossment of optimization by energy at last,

W＝w _dE _d+w _LE _L+w _wE _w (12)

Constraint condition: $\underset{h}{\min }E\left(h\right)$

s.f.h＜0，-h＜h _max (13)

Find the solution:

$E_h=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(h(x,y)-h^{*})}^2---\left(14\right)$

H wherein ^*=-θ log (1-θ h (x, y)), θ controls compression degree

In sum, it is time saving and energy saving to make than traditional-handwork based on the hollow out embossment generation method of three-dimensional model, and is easy to preserve, edit, and can be processed into the embossment article.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art is from above-mentioned design, and without performing creative labour, all conversion of having done all drop within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the hollow out embossment generation method in conjunction with many input modes is characterized in that, is set out by three-dimensional model, obtain successively three-dimensional model string diagram, play up figure and depth map, then synthetic by optimization method and generate last hollow out embossment.

2. a kind of hollow out embossment generation method in conjunction with many input modes as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step of the string diagram that obtains three-dimensional model, comprises and obtains outline line and other lines;

Outline line acquisition methods: n (p) v=0 (1)

P is the point on the curved surface, and n is normal, and v observes vector, by the curved projection surfaces visible part to the plane of delineation, just can Extracting contour and skeleton line;

Other lines refer to crestal line and valley line:

$w=\frac{v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)}{\left|\right|v-(n\left(p\right)\·v)\·n\left(p\right)\left|\right|}---\left(2\right)$

${\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)=0,$ and ${\▿}_w{\▿}_w(n\left(p\right)\·v)>0---\left(3\right)$

K _r＝0，and ${\▿}_w{K}_r>0---\left(4\right)$

Can extracting ridges and valley line by means of formula (2), (3), (4), however the lines that extract are too much, are not suitable for final hollow out embossment and generate, can carry out it by Laplace operator smooth,

$L\left(x_i\right)=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\Σw}}_{\mathrm{ij}}}\underset{j\∈N\left(i\right)}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{w}_{\mathrm{ij}}(x_j-x_i)---\left(5\right).$

3. a kind of hollow out embossment generation method in conjunction with many input modes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, obtaining the playing up in the figure step of three-dimensional model, adopt the Lambert to play up the figure input, figure is played up in the Lambert provides important visual information to produce the height of hollow out embossment with generation

I＝α(n(p)·m(p)) (6)。

4. a kind of hollow out embossment generation method in conjunction with many input modes as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in obtaining the depth map step of three-dimensional model, three-dimensional model can provide elevation information.

5. a kind of hollow out embossment generation method in conjunction with many input modes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in the claim 2-4 three kinds obtain by same viewpoint and same projection plane and obtain, and the pixel value of definition embossment grid is the mean value of its four neighbor pixels

$I(x,y)=\frac{1}{4}(I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))---\left(7\right)$

Its gradient is tried to achieve by formula (8)

$\▿I=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂\underset{\·}{x}}\\ \frac{\∂I(x,y)}{\∂y}\end{array}\right)---\left(8\right);$

$=\left(\begin{array}{c}\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))\\ \frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))\end{array}\right)$

Formula (7), (8) rebuild the surface of hollow out embossment in conjunction with the formula of back;

At first obtain string diagram by the lines input equation,

$E_w=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}S(x,y){(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_w}{\∂y}\right))}^2---\left(9\right)$

Play up the figure equation by the Lambert again and obtain and play up figure,

$E_L=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})+I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2$

$+\underset{x=1}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(\frac{1}{2}(I(x+\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})+I(x-\frac{1}{2},y+\frac{1}{2})-I(x+\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2})-I(x-\frac{1}{2},y-\frac{1}{2}))-G\left(\frac{{\∂I}_L}{\∂x}\right))}^2---\left(10\right)$

Then obtain depth map by degree of depth equation,

$E_d=\underset{x=2}{\overset{m-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=2}{\overset{n-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(\begin{array}{c}h(x+1,y)+h(x-1,y)+h(x,y+1)\\ +h(x,y-1)-4h(x,y)-g(x,y)\end{array}\right)}^2.---\left(11\right)$ Reduce the synthetic hollow out embossment of optimization by energy at last,

E＝w _dE _d+w _LEL+w _wE _w (12)

Constraint condition: $\underset{h}{\min }E\left(h\right)$

s.t.h＜0，-h＜h _max (13)

Find the solution:

$E_h=\underset{x=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(h(x,y)-h^{*})}^2---\left(14\right)$

H wherein ^*=-θ log (1-θ h (x, y)), θ controls compression degree.

Images