CN103343578B - STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board and its application in exterior wall construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board and its application in exterior wall construction relate to the technical field of building construction, especially the construction technology of exterior thermal insulation of exterior walls. The present invention wraps the core of the STP material board by means of a barrier film and a vacuum, which can improve the thermal conductivity between the inner and outer barrier films, and make the thermal conductivity lower than 0.008w/(m.k), which has low cost and high heat insulation. The revolutionary STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is expected to be used as a wide range of insulation materials. The STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is pasted on the wall by bonding mortar. Insulation engineering, especially suitable for energy-saving renovation projects of existing buildings.

Description

STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board and its application in exterior wall construction

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to the construction technology of external thermal insulation of external walls.

Background technique

In today's world, the demand for energy conservation and environmental protection is constantly increasing, and the demand for new building materials is increasing day by day. Among them, thermal insulation develops the most rapidly. There are many types of external wall thermal insulation structure systems, and their performance control and construction technology are also more and more people's attention.

The research on STP materials started in 1972, mainly in Japan and European countries. At present, it has been widely used in refrigerators and other refrigeration industries. More than 90% of refrigerators in Japan use this material for heat preservation. At present, European countries have begun to apply it in construction. The tracking and testing results of the model project in Munich, Germany show that the annual energy consumption of the thermal insulation project using STP is only 1/10 of the average energy consumption of the city of Munich.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a new type of insulation board with STP material as the insulation medium.

The invention comprises a STP material board core, and a barrier film is vacuum-wrapped outside the STP material board core.

The heat insulation principle of the present invention: the core material of the poor heat conductor is used to destroy the conduction of heat, and the heat conduction between objects is minimized. The super vacuum is used to destroy the heat convection and minimize the flow heat transfer of the airflow. The aluminum foil composite film is used to reflect heat radiation.

The present invention wraps the core of the STP material board by means of a barrier film and a vacuum, which can improve the thermal conductivity between the inner and outer barrier films, and make the thermal conductivity lower than 0.008w/(m.k), which has low cost and high heat insulation. The revolutionary STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board is expected to be used as a wide range of thermal insulation materials to facilitate the further promotion and application of STP materials.

The invention uses the STP material plate core as the supporting frame, which has thermal resistance and heat preservation effect. Vacuum packaging means that the internal vacuum degree is high after vacuuming, and there will be no air overflow in the future, and the service life will be greatly increased.

The surface of the ideal STP material core is uniformly distributed with holes, and it is easier to vacuumize such a core material.

The quality of the barrier film has the most obvious impact on the finished board. The aluminum foil itself has a certain degree of air permeability and water permeability. If the selected aluminum foil has relatively high air permeability and water permeability, the service life of the finished board will not be very high. The present invention is preferably a composite material composed of aluminum foil and other materials.

In addition, the present invention also provides a getter in the barrier film. The main function of the getter is to ensure that the service life of the STP material core can be the same as the life of the building. According to the existing documents and German industry standards, it is proved that as long as the internal pressure of the STP material core is below 100Pa, its thermal conductivity can be guaranteed to be ≤0.01W/(m·K). In order to prevent the STP material plate core from leaking into the inside of the STP material plate core during use, a small portion of air can be absorbed by placing a getter to further ensure the service life of the present invention.

The invention also proposes the application of the STP ultra-thin vacuum heat insulation board in the construction industry—the application in the construction of the outer wall.

Include the following steps:

1) Surface cleaning of the grassroots;

2) According to the reference line, pop up the installation line of the insulation board on the wall surface of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board to be pasted;

3) Paste the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board to the wall with adhesive mortar, clean up the adhesive mortar around the insulation board in time, and then use a nail gun to anchor each STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board to the wall. wall;

4) After the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is pasted for 12 hours, scrape the plastering glue on the surface of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board and lay alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh;

5) Scrape anti-crack mortar on the outer surface of plaster mortar;

6) Carry out exterior wall decoration construction after the anti-crack mortar is dry.

The invention is applicable to the thermal insulation engineering of the exterior walls and roofs of newly-built and expanded civil and public buildings, and is especially applicable to the energy-saving reconstruction engineering of existing buildings. Its advantages are as follows:

1. Excellent thermal insulation effect, which is equivalent to 5 times that of conventional polystyrene board, 4 times that of extruded board, and 2.8 times that of polyurethane. If the product of the present invention with a thickness of 1.5mm is used in current buildings, it can reach 65% energy-saving effect. 

                                           

2. Comparison table with traditional thermal insulation coefficient Table 2

2. The weight of the unit is light. The weight per square meter after being placed on the wall is about 12Kg, which is only 1/4 of the weight of the tile after being placed on the wall. It is not easy to fall off after construction and has high safety.

3. The organic combination of heat preservation and decoration works is simpler than the traditional heat preservation system construction process.

4. The construction is convenient, and it can be pasted directly like ceramic tiles, which greatly shortens the construction period and saves costs.

5. The thermal insulation material is an inorganic thermal insulation material, which is non-combustible, and the fire protection level meets the requirements of Class A.

6. The ultra-thin vacuum insulation exterior wall insulation board is non-toxic, green and environmentally friendly, and has a long service life.

In addition, on the wall, paste the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board in the order from bottom to top.

Adjacent STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation panels are pressed and pasted together.

In order to improve the firmness of the connection between each STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board and the wall surface, when anchoring the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board, the density of anchor points should be ≥8 pieces/m ² .

After scraping the first plastering mortar with a thickness of 2 to 3mm on the surface of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board, immediately press the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh into the plastering mortar; wait until the first plastering mortar is slightly dry and hard to When it can be touched, apply a second layer of plastering glue to completely cover the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh.

The overlapping width of adjacent alkali-resistant glass fiber nets is ≥100mm.

Detailed ways

1. The internal structure of STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board:

The STP ultra-thin insulation board is made of STP material core and high gas barrier composite film through vacuum packaging technology, and a getter is also arranged in the high gas barrier composite film. The main function of the board core is to serve as a supporting frame, and the second is that the board core itself has a certain thermal resistance and can also play a certain heat preservation effect. The quality of the board core determines the service life of the STP board to a certain extent. The ideal vacuum insulation board board core should have a porous surface and even distribution. Such a board core is easier to vacuum, and the internal vacuum degree is high after vacuuming. , there will be no air overflow in the future, and the service life will be greatly increased.

The high gas barrier composite film is made of aluminum foil and other materials, and has good air permeability and water resistance. 2. Taking an international garden project as an example, briefly describe the construction process of STP ultra-thin thermal insulation board:

1. Requirements for the surface of the base layer: it should be clean, free of oil, release agent and other attachments that hinder the bonding, and the protrusions, hollows and loose parts should be removed and leveled. The leveling layer should be firmly bonded to the wall without delamination , hollowing, cracks, and the surface layer must not have chalking, peeling, dust explosion, etc.

2. Arrangement of STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation panels

Before construction, first determine the horizontal and vertical reference lines, and then perform spring lines on the wall to be pasted according to the reference lines, and pop up the installation line of the insulation board.

3. Preparation and use of bonding mortar

Mix water and mortar with a mass ratio of 1:4-5. Do not prepare too much each time, and use it up within 3 hours or within the time specified in the product manual depending on the ambient temperature conditions.

4. Sticking of STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board

The dot frame or strip sticking method is used for the paint finish layer, and the glued surface is ≥50%; the full stick method is used for the brick finish layer. According to the installation line, paste the insulation board on the wall and squeeze it evenly, and gently tap it with a rubber hammer to fix it. The adhesive mortar around the insulation board should be cleaned in time.

The specific operation is as follows:

(1) The pasting sequence should be carried out along the horizontal line from bottom to top, and the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation boards on the yin and yang corners and large walls should be pasted first for staggered construction.

(2) The bonding method is full bonding or strip bonding, and the bonding area is not less than 80%.

(3) The STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board should be evenly squeezed when bonding, and can be fixed by lightly tapping with a rubber hammer. , The adhesive extruded around the board should be cleaned up in time.

(4) When the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is pasted, the boards are pressed and pasted with each other.

5. Anchorage of STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board

(1) After the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is pasted, use a nail gun to anchor at the anchoring position in time to ensure that there are no less than 8 anchoring points per square meter.

(2) The length of the nail is ≤1.5cm. After the nail is injected into the wall, gently tap it with a small hammer in time to ensure that the height of the exposed part of the nail is ≤3mm.

6. Scrape the surface mortar and lay alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh

After the joints of the insulation board are processed, after standing for 12 hours, scrape the plastering glue on the surface of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board, and protect the yin and yang corners, window lower openings and side openings with PVC corner protectors to ensure the yin and yang corners And the window part is straight and beautiful, and the PVC olecranon is used on the window.

Evenly spread the first layer of plastering mortar with a thickness of 2-3mm on the outer surface of the wall with the insulation board, and immediately press 160g/ ^m2 alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh into the plastering mortar to cover the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh , It is advisable to see the outline slightly, and it should be smooth and wrinkle-free. When the first plastering mortar is slightly dry and hard enough to touch, then apply the second plastering mortar with a thickness of 1-2 mm, preferably to completely cover the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh.

7. Scrape anti-crack mortar

Scrape the anti-crack mortar on the outer surface of the plastering mortar. After the construction is completed, carry out the exterior wall decoration construction.

8. Finishing layer construction

(1) Paint finish: After the surface of the plastering glue layer is dry, the construction of the flexible putty can be carried out, and scraped with a scraper. After the first layer of flexible putty is dry, scrape the putty for the second time, compact and polish survive. The batch scraping putty should not leak the bottom, not scrape, leave no seams, and completely cover the surface. After the flexible putty is completely dry, the construction of the finishing layer paint can be carried out.

(2) Facing brick veneer: a model should be made before construction, and the construction can only be carried out after the on-site drawing test and the inspected items pass the test. Use the double-coating method (scratch coating on the wall and back coating on the brick) with the special paste mortar for facing bricks. The jointing of the facing bricks should be done with special jointing material after the adhesive mortar is fixed for 3 days. When the climate is low, it can be extended appropriately. The joints should be vertical joints, the vertical and horizontal intersections should have a natural transition, the brick joints should be on the same horizontal plane, should be continuous and straight, the joint depth should be controlled at 2~3mm, the joint width should not be less than 5mm, and sealing should not be used.

3. The technical indicators achieved by the project

The external wall insulation project of STP ultra-thin thermal insulation board should be inspected and accepted according to the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Unified Standard for Construction Quality Acceptance of Construction Engineering" GB50300 and "Code for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Energy-saving Engineering" GB50411.

1. Re-inspection items for the main components of the external thermal insulation system

Material Retest project STP insulation board Thermal resistance, mass per unit area, high-strength composite gas barrier film Special Fixtures tensile capacity STP fire insulation belt plate Thermal Resistance, Dry Density Adhesives, plastering mortar Tensile bond strength in dry state and soaked in water for 48h Alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh Alkali-resistant tensile breaking strength, alkali-resistant tensile breaking strength retention rate

2. The engineering benefits and performance analysis are shown in the table below:

analysis item STP ultra-thin thermal insulation board Polyurethane (PU) Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) Polystyrene board (EPS) Composite insulation block (GRS) Rubber powder polystyrene particle insulation mortar Unit price (yuan/m ² ) 80 40-50 80-90 80-90 146.8 80-120 Insulation thickness 7-15 25-30 25-40 25-40 the 25-40 Insulation effect excellent generally excellent excellent good good Thermal Conductivity 0.08 0.024 0.03 0.041 0.04 0.08 service life 50 30 25 25 50 25 Fire-proof level A1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B1 Environmental protection effect excellent generally good good good generally Construction period short short longer longer longer long Durability The insulation material is an inorganic insulation material, which is fireproof and non-combustible. Moreover, the unit is light in weight, convenient in construction, high in safety, not easy to fall off, green and environmentally friendly, and has the same lifespan as the building, with a theoretical lifespan of 60 years. With a thickness of 1-2 cm, 65% energy saving requirements can be achieved. The use of ultra-thin vacuum insulation board insulation materials in buildings can increase the housing rate by 1%-3% compared with traditional insulation materials, reduce the shared area and increase the usable area The durability of the thermal insulation system is 25-30 years, which is lower than the service life of buildings, but it is easy to construct and has a short construction period. Spraying, convenient operation, one-time molding, simplifies the overall construction process and shortens the construction period The durability of the thermal insulation system is 15-20 years, which is lower than the service life of the building. In addition, the construction of the thermal insulation system is complicated, difficult and expensive The durability of the thermal insulation system is 15-20 years, which is lower than the service life of the building. In addition, the construction of the thermal insulation system is complicated, difficult and expensive Wall adhesion wall, because the insulation material is directly embedded in the wall material, the insulation durability is good, no need to add insulation material, but the material is bulky and difficult to operate, and the construction period is longer The service life is lower than that of buildings, and it is not easy to crack, hollow or fall off. The tensile bonding strength of the anti-crack protection layer and the insulation layer is not less than 0.1MPa, and the failure interface should be located in the insulation layer. The construction period is long. Comprehensive cost 120 60-80 140-200 140-200 320 180-220

Claims (4)

1. The application of STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board in the construction of external walls is characterized in that the STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board includes an STP material core, and the surface of the STP material core is evenly distributed with holes. The outside of the board core is vacuum-wrapped with a barrier film, and a getter is arranged in the barrier film; the application of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board in the construction of the external wall includes the following steps: 1) Surface cleaning of the grassroots; 2) According to the reference line, pop up the installation line of the insulation board on the wall of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board to be pasted; 3) On the wall, paste the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board in the order from bottom to top, use adhesive mortar to paste the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board on the wall, and the adjacent STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board The insulation boards are pressed and pasted together, and the adhesive mortar around the insulation boards is cleaned up in time, and then each STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is anchored to the wall with a nail gun; 4) After the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board is pasted for 12 hours, after scraping the first plastering glue with a thickness of 2-3mm on the surface of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board, immediately press the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh into the plastering surface In the mortar; when the first plastering mortar is slightly dry and hard enough to touch, then apply the second plastering mortar to completely cover the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh; 5) Scrape the anti-crack mortar on the outer surface of the plastering mortar; 6) Carry out exterior wall decoration construction after the anti-crack mortar is dry. 2. According to the application of the STP ultra-thin vacuum insulation board in the construction of the external wall according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the barrier film is a composite material made of aluminum foil and other materials. 3. The application of the STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board in the construction of the exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that when the STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board is anchored, the density of the anchor points is ≥8/m ² . 4. According to the application of the STP ultra-thin vacuum thermal insulation board in the construction of the external wall according to one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the overlapping width of adjacent alkali-resistant glass fiber nets is ≥ 100 mm.