CN103335785A - Unsteady dynamic balance method based on order domain-holographic spectrum principle - Google Patents
Unsteady dynamic balance method based on order domain-holographic spectrum principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an unsteady dynamic balance method based on an order domain-holographic spectrum principle, which has the characteristics of capability in processing unsteady signals by utilizing order domain analysis, fewer times of order domain dynamic balance vehicle start and accurate positioning for unbalanced position, speed fluctuation signals or vehicle start-stop signals are utilized to perform dynamic balance through the integration of the order domain analysis and the holographic dynamic balance. The method extends the application scope of the holographic dynamic balance, breaks through the limitation that the holographic dynamic balance only performs dynamic balance under the steady rotating speed; the method can be combined with the modal balance principle to realize the balance of the whole process of starting the vehicle, and can prevent a machine set from staying near to the critical speed for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the rotating machinery dynamic balance field, be specifically related to a kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle.
Background technology
Rotating machinery is used widely in industries such as modern industry such as aviation, electric power, oil, chemical industry, and they are the critical component of production equipment mostly.According to statistics, in the various vibration faults of rotating machinery, the vibration that imbalance causes accounts for about 70%.Therefore, dynamic balancing technique seems particularly important to large rotating machineries such as steam turbine, aeroengine rotor, fan rotors.
Under stabilized (steady-state) speed, utilize the holographic dynamic balance technology can fully utilize amplitude, frequency, the phase information of multi-measuring point, in actual production, can locate the unbalance amount size and Orientation more exactly than conventional method, and the cycling start number of times is few.Be that the holographic dynamic balance method that gets up of base growth aspects such as effect emulation, the fine setting of counterweight amount and counterweight scheme optimization before balance have obtained breakthrough with holographic spectral technology.Correlation technique has obtained promotion and application widely in industries such as electric power, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, and its validity and reliability have obtained check and approval in a large amount of practical engineering application.But, the holographic dynamic balance technology also comes with some shortcomings: the steady-state signal that is primarily aimed at fixed rotating speed is carried out transient equilibrium, is difficult to realize that the non-stationary signal to the fluctuation of speed and lifting speed process carries out transient equilibrium that this has just limited the holographic dynamic balance The Application of Technology greatly.
Holographic dynamic balance method is under a lot of field conditions, and rotor can't rise to stable working speed by first critical speed at all, can't realize the transient equilibrium under the working speed.In addition, it is neighbouring to obtain steady state data that traditional mode transient equilibrium need make unit rest on critical rotary speed for a long time, and this very easily causes the unit damage, thereby makes the practice of modal balancing method be greatly limited.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome traditional holographic dynamic balance method and can only utilize steady state data to carry out dynamically balanced deficiency, a kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle is provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme.
A kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle, may further comprise the steps: at first utilize rank than commentaries on classics frequency amplitude and the commentaries on classics frequency phase place of analysis and frequency spectrum correction extraction unstable state vibration signal, utilize holographic dynamic balance method to carry out dynamic balance weight calculating then.
The concrete steps of described unstable state dynamic balance method are:
1) carries out synchronized sampling to playing parking or fluctuation of speed process, obtain vibration signal and the key signal of constant duration;
2) for playing the parking process, utilize key signal to begin to intercept the one piece of data of vibration signal from the target balancing speed; To fluctuation of speed process, directly utilize the whole section vibration signal of gathering;
3) to step 2) vibration signal that obtains carries out rank than analyzing and frequency spectrum obtains changeing frequently amplitude after proofreading and correct and changes phase place frequently;
4) utilization is changeed the frequency amplitude and is changeed the frequency phase place and carry out holographic dynamic balance, obtains counterweight size and orientation;
5) add counterweight, cycling start checking then.
For playing a parking process, utilize key signal to begin to intercept vibration signal from the target balancing speed, be truncated to the target balancing speed after 50-100 change.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention is directed to and stopped or fluctuation of speed unstable state data, utilize rank than analyzing the characteristic that the time domain non-stationary signal can be converted into the angular domain stationary signal, a segment signal or the fluctuation of speed signal when elder generation stops to rising are done rank than analyzing, be converted into the stationary signal of angular domain, utilize accurately unbalance orientation, location of holographic spectrum principle then, finally realize transient equilibrium.This method is from the essence of rotor dynamic balancing, creatively be combined with the holographic dynamic balance principle than analyzing in rank, solved and mainly depended on steady state data at present and carry out dynamically balanced limitation, can realize the modal balancing of symmetric rotor, reach the rotor balancing in the whole range of speeds, can be implemented in the balance of arbitrary target rotating speed in the cycling start process, through the test of many times checking, the present invention is simply effective, with balance under steady state data basically identical as a result.
Holographic dynamic balance technology based on rank ratio analysis proposed by the invention, be to have the cycling start number of times and lack than analyzing ability, the transient equilibrium of holography spectrum with processing non-stationary signal according to rank, the characteristics of good balance effect, the rank ratio method is merged mutually with the holographic dynamic balance theory, expanded the utilization scope of traditional holographic dynamic balance, this method is suitable for the transient equilibrium under the conditions such as the fluctuation of speed and a parking, especially is fit to utilize parking data to carry out modal balancing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the original cycling start time-domain diagram of first passage.
Fig. 2 is key signal correction principle figure.
Fig. 3 is data time-domain diagram between the first passage intercepting 1600-1650rpm.
Fig. 4 is the equal angles figure of first passage data intercept.
Fig. 5 is cycling start time-domain diagram after the first passage balance.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle utilizes the calculating rank than technology near one section unstable signal the target balancing speed to be carried out equiangular sampling earlier, utilizes the holographic dynamic balance principle to carry out balance then.This method can utilize parking to wait the unstable state data, have both the characteristics that the cycling start number of times is few, balance quality is high again, may further comprise the steps: ability and the holographic dynamic balance cycling start number of times that can handle non-stationary signal lack, the characteristics of unbalance position accurate positioning than analyzing to utilize rank, at first utilize rank than accurate commentaries on classics frequency amplitude and the commentaries on classics frequency phase place of analysis and frequency spectrum correction extraction unstable state vibration signal, utilize holographic dynamic balance method to carry out dynamic balance weight calculating then.Than analyzing and the ingenious fusion of holographic dynamic balance, can utilize the fluctuation of speed or parking signal to carry out transient equilibrium on rank, expand the utilization scope of holographic dynamic balance.
The concrete steps of described unstable state dynamic balance method are:
1) according to the holographic dynamic balance requirement, carry out synchronized sampling to playing parking or fluctuation of speed process, obtain 4 road vibration signals and 1 road key signal of constant duration;
2) for playing the parking process, according to the target balancing speed, utilize key signal to begin to intercept the one piece of data of vibration signal from the target balancing speed; To fluctuation of speed process, directly utilize the whole section vibration signal of gathering;
3) to step 2) vibration signal that obtains carries out rank than analyzing and frequency spectrum obtains changeing frequently amplitude after proofreading and correct and changes phase place frequently;
4) utilize four paths to change the frequency amplitude and carry out holographic dynamic balance with commentaries on classics frequency phase place, obtain counterweight size and orientation;
5) add counterweight, cycling start checking then.
For playing a parking process, utilize key signal to begin to intercept vibration signal from the target balancing speed, be truncated to the target balancing speed after 50-100 change.Choose this section vibration signal, can more meet rotor in the phase propetry of speed-change process, therefore, can improve dynamically balanced efficient.
Embodiment
(1) original cycling start data acquisition.According to the holographic dynamic balance requirement, the cycling start signal is gathered, gather vibration signal (two measuring points of same survey face are vertical mutually) and 1 key signal of 4 measuring points of two survey faces synchronously.First passage is crossed over the critical cycling start vibration signal to 4000rpm of single order from jiggering 250rpm, referring to shown in Figure 1.
(2) utilize number to adopt the counter function utilization programming that card velocity gauge passage provides key is proofreaied and correct (as DT9837B) mutually.Utilize one piece of data behind the key signal intercepting target balancing speed (50 change behind the target balancing speed).
Referring to Fig. 2, the principle that key signal is proofreaied and correct: when key signal is carried out the constant duration sampling, a tangible saltus step will take place in signal amplitude when forwarding key phase groove place to, indicate that rotor has rotated a week.Wish all to sample at critical point A at every turn, a fixing reference point is so just arranged, can guarantee between two key signals it is a complete cycle just.But owing to be the constant duration sampling, can not all sample at the A point just at every turn, be with than mistake to calculating.Therefore need carry out key proofreaies and correct mutually.(it mainly is in order to obtain key signal more accurately that key is proofreaied and correct mutually, thereby calculates unbalance phase place more accurately, and concrete grammar is disclosed identical with patented claim 201210507537.8.）
Referring to Fig. 3, if the target balancing speed is 1600rpm, utilize the car data that rises between the key signal intercepting 1600rpm to 1650rpm.The process approach of data intercept is as follows: at first utilize two key signals to estimate rotating speed, obtain the moment of the key phase of rotating speed in the 1600-1650rpm scope, because key signal and vibration signal are synchronized samplings, so can remove to intercept vibration signal with these two moment.
(3) rank are than analyzing and the frequency spectrum correction: the data to intercepting are carried out equiangular sampling, get equal angles vibration signal at interval, namely obtain the steady-state signal of angular domain, carry out the correction of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) FFT and frequency spectrum then and can be changeed amplitude and phase place frequently accurately.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, the data of intercepting are carried out equiangular sampling, obtain the equiangular sampling data of original cycling start.The method of equiangular sampling is: utilize vibration signal and the key signal of constant duration, in one-period, utilize the cubic spline The Fitting Calculation to there emerged a equal angular amplitude in the equal angles position.
(4) stop, add test mass.
About two the dish 90 ° respectively add test mass 0.4g.
(5) test mass cycling start data acquisition.Cycling start obtains the equiangular sampling data of test mass cycling start with similar approach.Namely according to the holographic dynamic balance requirement, gather vibration signal (two measuring points of same survey face are vertical mutually) and 1 key signal of 4 measuring points of two survey faces synchronously.
(6) repeated for the 2nd step.
(7) repeated for the 3rd step.
(8) utilize the 3rd, the 7th step gained equal angles data and test mass information, carry out counterweight according to the holographic dynamic balance principle and calculate.
Utilize the equal angles vibration data of original and test mass cycling start and test mass size, direction, two dishes respectively add 1.16g at 146.87 ° about calculating the counterweight size and be by holographic dynamic balance method.Counterweight that this and stable state calculate size is 1.2g, and direction is 143.44 consistent basically.
(9) stop, lay down test mass.Add counterweight and cycling start checking.
The vibration data of first passage as shown in Figure 5.Amplitude dropped to 32 μ m from original 200 μ m when first measuring point was crossed critical rotary speed in the compared to Figure 1 cycling start process.
Ginseng is shown in Table 1, and the amplitude under stable state 1600 and phase place are shown in second row.Calculate its amplitude and phase place if directly the data of intercepting are carried out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (FFT), because acute variation all takes place in amplitude, phase place near the cycling start process, particularly critical rotary speed, does not satisfy the condition of FFT steady-state signal, therefore the phase phasic difference is bigger, reaches 60 °.Form last column is for carrying out equiangular sampling earlier, and then calculates its amplitude phase place, and the phase place maximum error is 1.34 °, and visible this method is very effective.
The comparison of table one distinct methods amplitude, phase place
In a word, the invention discloses a kind of rotor unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle, utilize rank and lack than analyzing ability and the holographic dynamic balance cycling start number of times that to handle non-stationary signal, the characteristics of unbalance position accurate positioning, utilize the fluctuation of speed or parking signal to carry out transient equilibrium both fusions, this method has been expanded the utilization scope of traditional holographic dynamic balance widely, break through traditional holographic dynamic balance and can only under steady-state speed, carry out dynamically balanced limitation, this method can also be combined the balance that realizes whole cycling start process with the modal balancing principle, and can avoid unit to rest near the critical rotary speed for a long time.
Claims (3)
1. one kind based on the unstable state dynamic balance method of rank than-holographic spectrum principle, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: at first utilize rank than commentaries on classics frequency amplitude and the commentaries on classics frequency phase place of analysis and frequency spectrum correction extraction unstable state vibration signal, utilize holographic dynamic balance method to carry out dynamic balance weight calculating then.
2. according to the described a kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle of claim 1, it is characterized in that the concrete steps of described unstable state dynamic balance method are:
1) carries out synchronized sampling to playing parking or fluctuation of speed process, obtain vibration signal and the key signal of constant duration;
2) for playing the parking process, utilize key signal to begin to intercept the one piece of data of vibration signal from the target balancing speed; To fluctuation of speed process, directly utilize the whole section vibration signal of gathering;
3) to step 2) vibration signal that obtains carries out rank than analyzing and frequency spectrum obtains changeing frequently amplitude after proofreading and correct and changes phase place frequently;
4) utilization is changeed the frequency amplitude and is changeed the frequency phase place and carry out holographic dynamic balance, obtains counterweight size and orientation;
5) add counterweight, cycling start checking then.
3. according to the described a kind of unstable state dynamic balance method based on rank ratio-holographic spectrum principle of claim 2, it is characterized in that: for playing the parking process, utilize key signal to begin to intercept vibration signal from the target balancing speed, be truncated to that 50-100 changes behind the target balancing speed.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103728101A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Unsteady state dynamic balance method based on Kalman order domain-holospectrum principle |
| CN103728123A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Method for extracting failure characters of rotary machine based on Kalman order-domain-holo-spectrum theory |
| CN103759891A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 华北电力大学 | Blade imbalance on-line fault diagnosis method of doubly-fed wind generator |
| CN103913271A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-07-09 | 上海师范大学 | Method for extracting dynamic unbalance signals of rotor at non-stable rotational speed |
| CN104034412A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-10 | 西安交通大学 | Rotary machine fault feature extraction method based on fractional order holographic principle |
| CN105067105A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Kinetic parameter identification method utilizing rotary machine start and stop transient signal feature |
| CN103728123B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2016-11-30 | 西安交通大学 | Rotary machine fault characteristic extraction method based on Kalman order domain-holographic spectrum principle |
| CN108332955A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-27 | 江苏新道格自控科技有限公司 | A kind of mechanical linkages loosening detection and method for early warning based on vibration signal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103728123A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Method for extracting failure characters of rotary machine based on Kalman order-domain-holo-spectrum theory |
| CN103728101A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Unsteady state dynamic balance method based on Kalman order domain-holospectrum principle |
| CN103728101B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-01-25 | 西安交通大学 | Unsteady state dynamic balance method based on Kalman order domain-holospectrum principle |
| CN103728123B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2016-11-30 | 西安交通大学 | Rotary machine fault characteristic extraction method based on Kalman order domain-holographic spectrum principle |
| CN103759891B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2016-04-20 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of uneven on-line fault diagnosis method of double-fed wind power generator blade |
| CN103759891A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 华北电力大学 | Blade imbalance on-line fault diagnosis method of doubly-fed wind generator |
| CN103913271A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-07-09 | 上海师范大学 | Method for extracting dynamic unbalance signals of rotor at non-stable rotational speed |
| CN103913271B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2017-02-08 | 上海师范大学 | Method for extracting dynamic unbalance signals of rotor at non-stable rotational speed |
| CN104034412A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-10 | 西安交通大学 | Rotary machine fault feature extraction method based on fractional order holographic principle |
| CN105067105A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-11-18 | 西安交通大学 | Kinetic parameter identification method utilizing rotary machine start and stop transient signal feature |
| CN105067105B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | Utilize the kinetic parameter identification method of rotating machinery start and stop car transient signal feature |
| CN108332955A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-27 | 江苏新道格自控科技有限公司 | A kind of mechanical linkages loosening detection and method for early warning based on vibration signal |
| CN111929044A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-13 | 西门子工厂自动化工程有限公司 | Method, apparatus, computing device and storage medium for monitoring device status |
| CN111929044B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-08-08 | 西门子工厂自动化工程有限公司 | Method, apparatus, computing device and storage medium for monitoring device status |
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