CN103333794A - Automatic crust breakage biogas fermentation tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shell-breaking biogas fermentation tank. The tank body is sequentially provided with a hydraulic room, a gas storage room and a fermentation room from top to bottom. The water pressure room and the fermentation room are connected through a connecting pipe to store gas. The chamber is connected with an air pipe leading to the outside of the tank, and there is a feed pipe inserted from the outside of the tank directly for fermentation. A well frame and several broken shell cones are installed in the air storage room. The bottom end of the broken shell cone is pointed. The head is facing the fermentation room, the top of the shell breaking cone is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the water pressure room, and the well-tac-toe frame is fixedly connected with the tank body. In the present invention, by installing an automatic shell-breaking device in the fermenter, not only can the scum crust layer be crushed, but also the crust layer can be softened and infiltrated, so that part of the scum can be settled and digested again, the conversion rate of raw materials can be improved, and the formation of scum can be reduced. , and make the scum easy to discharge.

Description

An automatic shell breaking biogas fermentation tank

technical field

The invention relates to a biogas fermentation device, in particular to a movable automatic shell-breaking biogas fermentation tank.

Background technique

The movable plastic biogas fermentation tank is composed of hydraulic room, fermentation room, gas storage room and so on. Because of its advantages such as easy installation and convenient management, it is welcomed by users. However, since there is no stirring device in the fermenter, scum and crusts are prone to appear above the liquid surface, resulting in low raw material utilization and decreased gas production. The main reason is that in the process of anaerobic fermentation, organic matter such as straw in some raw materials forms scum under the action of buoyancy. As the fermentation time goes on, scum forms and floats continuously, causing the scum on the liquid surface to thicken day by day. In the absence of external disturbance, the scum on the liquid surface forms a crust due to lack of water and shrinkage. The formation of the scum crust layer will hinder the accumulation of biogas generated in the biogas fermentation tank, reduce the effective volume and gas storage space of the fermentation area, reduce the utilization rate of fermentation raw materials, and reduce the gas production.

At present, two methods are generally used to avoid the formation of scum and crusts in plastic biogas fermentation tanks. One is to add a stirring device in the fermentation tank to crush the crust layer; the other is to install a high-pressure water nozzle to crush the crust layer by using a high-pressure water column. The former method requires an additional power unit, which is unrealistic for plastic biogas fermenters whose volume is generally not too large. The latter method requires higher water pressure, which is not available in many rural areas, and the area of scum crushed is limited. However, other simple and practical automatic shell breaking methods suitable for plastic biogas fermenters are currently applied and publicly reported related technologies are seldom.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic shell-breaking biogas fermenter. By setting an automatic shell-breaking device in the fermenter, it can not only crush the scum crust, but also soften and infiltrate the crust, so that Part of the scum settles and digests again to increase the conversion rate of raw materials, reduce the formation of scum, and make the scum easy to discharge.

The present invention solves the above technical problems with the following technical solutions:

The present invention is an automatic shell breaking biogas fermentation tank, comprising a tank body, in which a water pressure room, a gas storage room, and a fermentation room are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the water pressure room and the fermentation room are connected through a connecting pipe, and the storage The air chamber is connected with an air pipe leading to the outside of the tank, and there is a feed pipe inserted from the outside of the tank directly for fermentation. A well frame and several broken shell cones are installed in the air storage room. The bottom end of the broken shell cone is Pointed and facing the fermentation room, the top of the broken shell cone is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the water pressure room, and the well-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the tank body.

In the automatic shell breaking biogas fermentation tank of the present invention, a slant guide plate for guiding the rotation of scum is installed in the gas storage chamber, and the slant guide plate is fixed on the tank body.

The biogas fermentation tank with automatic shell breaking of the present invention has a return pipe connected between the gas storage chamber and the fermentation room, and a return pump is installed on the return pipe. The gas storage chamber is provided with a baffle at the outlet of the return pipe, The inlet end of the return pipe in the fermentation room is provided with a filtering device.

In the automatic shell breaking biogas fermentation tank of the present invention, the bottom of the fermentation room is provided with a spiral meandering flow material wall.

In the biogas fermenter with automatic shell breaking of the present invention, an oblique baffle is installed in the middle of the fermentation room.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1) It is easy to crush and soften the scum, avoid crusting, improve the conversion rate of raw materials, and increase the gas production;

2) The structure is simple, the material is easy to obtain, and it is convenient to manufacture and use;

3) Use no power to crush the crust layer to save energy;

4) Easy to operate and reliable in operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. meandering flow cloth wall; 2. tank body; 3. connecting pipe; 4. air storage chamber; 5. well-shaped frame; 6. overflow port; 7. feed pipe; 9. Return pipe; 10. Air pipe; 11. Return pump; 12. Baffle plate; 13. Shell breaking cone; 14. Sloping guide plate; 15. Scum outlet; 16. Scum layer; 17. Inclined baffle; 18. Filtration device; 19. Fermentation room; 20. Slag outlet

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The tank body 2 of the automatic shell breaking biogas fermentation tank of the present invention is sequentially provided with a water pressure room 8, an air storage room 4, and a fermentation room 19 from top to bottom. The fermentation rooms 19 are connected through the communication pipe 3, the air storage chamber 4 is connected with the air pipe 10 leading to the outside of the tank body, the side of the air storage chamber 4 is provided with a scum outlet 15, and the fermentation room 19 is connected with a tank The feed pipe 7 inserted outside the body, the well frame 5 and several broken shell cones 13 are installed in the air storage chamber 4, the bottom end of the broken shell cone 13 is pointed and faces the fermentation room 19, the broken shell cone The top of 19 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of water pressure room 8, and the well-shaped frame 5 is fixedly connected with tank body 3; A deflector swash plate 14 for guiding scum to rotate is installed in the air storage chamber 4, and the deflector swash plate 14 is fixed on On the tank body; a return pipe 9 is provided between the gas storage chamber 4 and the fermentation room 19 to communicate with each other, the return pipe 9 is equipped with a return pump 11, and the return pipe 9 is equipped with a filter device 18 at the entrance of the fermentation room 19. The outlet end of the air storage chamber 4 is equipped with a nozzle, and the air storage chamber 4 is provided with a baffle plate 12 at the outlet end of the return pipe 9; a spiral meandering flow distribution wall 1 and a sediment outlet are provided at the bottom of the fermentation room 19 20. An oblique baffle 17 is installed in the middle of the fermentation room 19.

When in use, human and livestock excrement and urine are mixed with water to remove long grass and sundries, and then they are fed into the fermentation room 19 from the feed pipe 7 . As the ingredients are added, the liquid level in the fermentation room will rise. After the biogas is started, as the raw material fermentation time goes on, the amount of biogas in the gas storage chamber 4 will increase, the pressure will increase, the scum on the liquid surface will also continue to form, and the scum layer 14 will continue to thicken. When gas is used, as the air pressure in the air storage chamber drops, under the gravity of the water in the hydraulic chamber 8, the water in the hydraulic chamber will automatically flow into the fermentation chamber 19 through the connecting pipe 3, so that the liquid level of the feed liquid in the fermentation chamber will rise; When no gas is used, with the generation of biogas, the air pressure in the gas storage chamber will rise, and the liquid level of the feed liquid will drop during fermentation, and so on.

The present invention is fixed because the well-shaped frame 5 and the shell-breaking cone 13 that are provided with, when the liquid level rises or falls, the well-shaped frame can play the effect of cutting scum; The tip of the cone points to the liquid surface. When the liquid level of the feed liquid rises, the tip can pierce the scum crust layer, and the resistance is small. Because the tip of the cone head is thick, as the liquid level rises, the scum layer is removed. The piercing area is larger; the present invention can rotate the liquid surface at a certain angle due to the effect of the swash plate 14, ensuring that the cone tube punctures the crust not at the same position. The crust layer is broken. Since the scum layer 16 is cut and punctured, the biogas produced by fermentation can easily escape, enter the gas storage chamber, and be output through the delivery pipe 10 .

In batch-feeding fermenters, the fermentation feed liquid usually settles naturally and is divided into four layers, which are scum layer, supernatant layer, active layer and sediment layer from top to bottom. In this case, the place where anaerobic microbial activity is more vigorous is limited to the active layer. The other layers are either due to the lack of available raw materials, or because the conditions are not suitable for the activities of microorganisms, so that the anaerobic digestion proceeds slowly.

For this reason, the automatic shell-breaking plastic biogas fermentation tank involved in the present invention is provided with a feed liquid backflow device, that is, a backflow pipe 9 is provided between the gas storage chamber 4 and the fermentation room 19 to communicate, and the backflow pipe 9 is equipped with a backflow The pump 11, through the return pump 11, regularly returns the active layer material liquid with the most active anaerobic bacteria, sprays it from the nozzle on the top of the air storage chamber, hits the baffle plate, and sprays it to the scum layer 16 through the baffle plate 12 The scum crust layer absorbs water, moistens, softens, increases in weight and sinks, and the raw materials can continue to decompose and transform, reducing the formation of scum; in addition, the reflux of the feed liquid can also promote the uniform distribution of anaerobic bacteria, improve the conversion rate of raw materials, and improve Biogas production.

Claims (5)

1. An automatic shell-breaking biogas fermentation tank, comprising a tank body, a water pressure room, an air storage room, and a fermentation room are sequentially arranged in the tank body from top to bottom, and the water pressure room and the fermentation room are connected through connecting pipes, and the storage The air chamber is connected with an air pipe leading to the outside of the tank, and the fermentation is indirectly provided with a feed pipe inserted from the outside of the tank. The bottom end of the cone is pointed and faces the fermentation room, the top of the broken shell cone is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the water pressure room, and the well-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the tank body. 2. The biogas fermentation tank with automatic shell breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, a sloping deflector for guiding the rotation of scum is installed in the gas storage chamber, and the sloping deflector is fixed on the tank body. 3. According to claim 1, the automatic shell breaking biogas fermenter is characterized in that, a return pipe is arranged between the said air storage chamber and the fermentation room to communicate with each other, a return pump is installed on the return pipe, and the air storage chamber A baffle is provided at the outlet of the tube, and a filtering device is provided at the inlet of the return tube located in the fermentation room. 4. The biogas fermenter with automatic shell breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bottom of the fermentation room is provided with a spiral meandering flow distribution wall. 5. The biogas fermenter with automatic shell breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, a slanted baffle is installed in the middle of the fermentation room.