CN103308030B - Super High absolute altitude High Precision Automatic crimping and transfer processes method - Google Patents

Abstract

The patent of the present invention relates to a high-precision automatic transfer process method for super-high-rise elevations. Step 1. Set up a laser electronic total station on the forced centering device at the transfer elevation position on the ground floor to obtain the initial value; Step 2. Place the support of the camera receiver device at the reserved hole; Step 3. Laser electronic total station The instrument shoots laser light to the camera receiver of the camera receiver device, and performs multiple distance measurements; step 4, after obtaining the vertical distance from the laser electronic total station to the camera receiver, obtains the base point turning point elevation of the camera receiver device, and passes The program automatically calculates the reading b _i of the +1.000m elevation point of the working layer. The invention solves the problem that the traditional method is limited by the height, and can transfer upwards from the same reference point with high precision, the instrument can directly read, and the special software can directly process the data. Error, high precision.

Description

High-precision automatic transfer process method for super high-rise elevation

technical field

The patent of the present invention relates to a technology for automatic transfer of super-high building elevations, which meets the requirements of super-high building elevation transfers, and more specifically, relates to a high-precision automatic transfer process method for super high-rise elevations.

Background technique

At present, the methods of transferring the elevation of super high-rise buildings are the direct measurement method of steel ruler and the method of hanging steel ruler.

Direct measurement with a steel ruler is to use a steel ruler along the outer wall, side column or stairwell of the structure to obtain the design height difference vertically from a certain level at the bottom to obtain the design level of the construction floor. The method of hanging the steel ruler is to hang a steel ruler on the outer wall or the stairwell, place level gauges on the ground and the floor respectively, and transmit the elevation to the floor.

With the development of social economy, in the construction of engineering buildings, tall buildings emerge in endlessly. For super high buildings (over 200 meters in height), the direct measurement method of steel ruler and the method of hanging steel ruler are firstly limited by the length of the steel ruler. The height of the building is more than one full foot (50 meters) long, and it is necessary to set the reference point of the elevation transfer in stages (at least three times) for the elevation transfer (attachment 1), resulting in the accumulation of errors. In addition, the segmented transfer requires many people and is inefficient ; Secondly, due to the large height difference and large temperature changes, it is difficult to accurately correct the temperature. In addition, wind and tension can also have a certain impact on the measurement results. Therefore, the use of traditional leveling requires large manpower and material resources, low efficiency, large errors, and cannot complete the construction elevation control of super high buildings.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision automatic transfer process method for super high-rise elevations to solve the shortcomings of the current traditional elevation transfer. This technical method is not limited by the building height and can be transferred upwards from the same reference point with high precision. The instrument reads directly, and the special software directly processes the data, which eliminates manual errors and cumulative errors, and is not only fast but also high-precision.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

Step 1. Set up a forced centering device at the position where the elevation is transferred on the ground floor, set up the laser electronic total station on the bolts on the forced centering device, measure the temperature and barometer, and set up the weather correction for the laser electronic total station. Adjust the telescope of the laser electronic total station to a horizontal position (the value displayed on the screen is 90°), read the reading a ₁ of the leveling rod erected on the "+1.000m" elevation point, and obtain the instrument height of the laser electronic total station initial value.

Step 2. Point the telescope of the laser electronic total station to the zenith (the value displayed on the screen is 0°), place the support of the camera receiver at the reserved hole, put the support into the reserved sleeve and fix it (the value displayed on the screen is 0°). Leave the position of the sleeve to stake out according to the position of the axis), adjust the bolts to center the air bubbles on the base, and make the base horizontal.

Step 3. Turn on the laser electronic total station and shoot laser light to the camera receiver device. After the camera receiver on the camera receiver device receives the laser point, it moves on the guide rail through the motor, so that the center of the camera receiver and the laser electronic total station The laser points of the instrument are coincident, the motor is connected to the external power supply, and the laser electronic total station is used for multiple distance measurements, respectively at four positions of 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees horizontally, and the camera receiver records each measurement. The position from the laser point is transmitted to the computer. According to the position of the receiver laser point, the center point of the accurate ranging point is captured, and the data is processed by using special software to obtain the distance from the laser electronic total station to the camera receiver. The vertical distance d _i , the geometric center of the laser point is the middle position of the projected point. According to the radius of the point, judge whether the accuracy meets the requirements. If the radius is too large, you need to adjust the calibration instrument and then measure.

Step 4. After obtaining the vertical distance from the laser electronic total station to the camera receiver, place the tower ruler at the base point of the camera receiver device, set up a level, read the tower ruler reading a _i , and input the reading into the computer , through the program to automatically calculate the reading b _i of the tower ruler elevation at the elevation point of the working layer +1.000m.

Step five, calculate the measured floor elevation according to the above steps:

Through the above steps, the calculation formula of the reading b _i of the tower ruler elevation on the working layer +1.000m elevation point is:

b _i =a ₁ +d _i +K+a _i -H _i

K (the height difference between the camera receiver and the base point turning point on the camera receiver device) is a constant, which is determined in advance by testing;

H _i is the elevation value of the working layer +1.000m elevation point;

The accuracy achieved by transferring the elevation is as follows:

According to the derivation formula,

H _i =a ₁ +d _i +K+a _i -b _i

K (the height difference between the camera receiver and the base point turning point on the camera receiver device) is a constant, which is determined in advance through experiments.

H _i is the elevation value of the working layer +1.000m elevation point.

Suppose the reading error of a ₁ , a _i , and b _i is m _reading , the measurement error of the constant K value is m _K , and considering the deviation θ in the vertical direction of the total station, the actual distance is d=d _i cosθ

Suppose the total station resolution V is 28, and the distance D is 20 meters, then

Assume that the measurement error of the constant K value m _K = 1mm

Suppose the nominal accuracy of the instrument is 1″, 1mm+1ppm, because θ is small, sinθ≈0, cosθ≈1, then:

m _H ² =3×0.21 ² +1 ² +1 ² =2.13mm

m _H ＝1.46mm

The standard of leveling measurement stipulates that the accidental median errors of the round-trip height difference of the third and fourth class leveling surveys are respectively ±3.0mm and ±5.0mm, and the accidental median errors of the one-way observation are respectively ±4.2mm and ±7.1mm. By data comparison It can be seen that the accuracy requirements of third-class leveling can be achieved.

The camera receiver device is a hollow device with a camera receiver, which is composed of a support, a bolt, a base, an air bubble, a guide rail, a camera receiver and a pivot point, wherein the base is installed on the hollow support by a bolt On the base, a bubble is respectively arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions, the base is provided with a guide rail, the camera receiver is movably installed on the guide rail, the camera receiver is connected with the computer, and the motor on the guide rail is connected with an external power supply.

The laser electronic total station is a servo total station.

The bubble on the camera receiver unit is a round bubble or a long vial.

The support of the camera receiver device can be pre-buried on the reserved hole on the floor surface of the working floor, and the camera receiver device is placed on the support by bolts.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention is not limited by the height of the building, and is especially used for the automatic high-precision transfer technology of the height of super-high buildings. It can transfer upwards with high precision from the same reference point, and the instrument can directly read the data, and the special software can directly carry out the data. The processing eliminates manual errors and cumulative errors, and is not only fast but also high-precision, which is 10 times more efficient than traditional operating methods. The forced centering device of the instrument is placed on the bottom layer to reduce the centering error of the instrument. The receiver is connected with the computer, which can automatically move according to the laser position, capture the laser center, and transfer the received laser points to the computer for automatic processing to obtain accurate distance measurement values. It solves the influence of manual reading and cumulative error of ruler length in traditional methods, is not limited by building height, and does not need to be transmitted in sections. The operation is simple and convenient, the data is accurate and reliable, and it can meet the standard requirements of the third-class leveling survey.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the process schematic diagram of prior art;

Fig. 2 is process schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the camera receiver device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the forced centering device of the present invention.

detailed description

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic receiving device and technology for super-high-rise elevation transmission to solve the shortcomings of the current traditional elevation transmission. This technical method is not limited by the height of the building and can be transmitted upwards from the same reference point with high precision , The instrument reads directly, and the special software directly processes the data, eliminating manual errors and cumulative errors, not only fast but also high precision.

The patent of the invention installs a laser electronic total station at the bottom projection point or the elevator shaft, and measures the elevation by measuring the distance in the direction of the zenith.

Camera receiver device introduction:

The camera receiver device is made up of support 7, bolt 8, base 9, bubble 10, guide rail 12, camera receiver 11 and base point turning point 14, wherein, base 9 is installed on the hollow support 7 by bolt 8, base 9 A bubble 10 is respectively provided in the vertical and horizontal directions of the base 9, and a guide rail 12 is provided on the base 9, and a camera receiver 11 is movably installed on the guide rail 12, and a base point turning point 14 is provided on the base 9, and the camera receiver 11 is connected with a computer 15, and on the guide rail The motor is connected to an external power supply. After the camera receiver receives the laser of the laser electronic total station 3, it automatically adjusts according to the position of the laser, so that the center of the camera receiver 11 coincides with the laser point on the laser electronic total station 3, and after the coincidence, rotate the laser electronic total station The instrument 3 shoots the laser vertically upward at 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees horizontally, and the laser image is displayed on the computer 15 screen. The specially developed processing software captures the middle point according to the laser point, and automatically calculates the laser electronic total station. 3. The distance to the camera receiver 11, according to the constant K value between the camera receiver 11 and the turning point base point 14 and the preset program, automatically calculate the position of the design elevation of the working layer + 1.000m.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

Step 1. Set up the forced centering device 1 at the position where the elevation is transferred on the ground floor, erect the laser electronic total station 3 on the bolt 2 on the forced centering device 1, measure the temperature and barometer, and align the laser electronic total station 2 Perform meteorological correction settings, adjust the total station telescope to a horizontal position (the value displayed on the screen is 90°), and read the vertical position at "+1.000m (one-meter line is a common name in this industry, and it is set on each wall) A horizontal line)" The reading a ₁ of the leveling rod 5 on the point 4 is used to obtain the initial value of the instrument height of the laser electronic total station 3.

Step 2. Point the telescope of the laser electronic total station 3 to the zenith (the value displayed on the screen is 0°), place the support 7 of the camera receiver at the reserved hole 6, and put the support 7 into the reserved sleeve And fix it (reserve the position of the sleeve to set out according to the axis position), adjust the bolt 8 to center the air bubble 10 on the base 9, so that the base 9 is in a horizontal state.

Step 3, open the laser electronic total station 3, hit the laser to the camera receiver device, after the camera receiver 11 on the camera receiver device receives the laser point, move on the guide rail 12 by the motor, make the camera receiver 11 center and The laser points of the laser electronic total station 3 overlap, and the motor is connected to the external power supply 13. This step can also be done manually.

Use the laser electronic total station 3 to carry out multiple distance measurements, and perform distance measurements at four positions of 0, 90, 180, and 270 degrees respectively, and the camera receiver 11 records the position of each distance measurement laser point, and transmits it to the computer 15 On the basis of the position of the laser point of the receiver, the center point of the accurate ranging point is captured, and the data is processed by using special software to obtain the vertical distance d _i from the laser electronic total station 3 to the camera receiver 11.

The geometric center of the laser point is the middle position of the projection point. According to the size of the point radius, it is judged whether the accuracy meets the requirements. If the radius is too large, it is necessary to adjust the calibration instrument and then measure.

Step 4: After obtaining the vertical alignment distance from the laser electronic total station 3 to the camera receiver 11, set the tower ruler at the base point turning point 14 of the camera receiver device, set up a level 16, read the tower ruler readings a _i , and place The readings are input into the computer 15, and the reading b _i of the elevation of the tower foot 5 on the elevation point 17 of the working layer +1.000m is automatically calculated by the program.

Step 5. The calculation method and steps of the measured floor elevation

Through the above steps, the calculation formula of the reading b _i of the tower foot 5 elevation on the working layer +1.000m elevation point 17 is:

b _i =a ₁ +d _i +K+a _i -H _i

K (the height difference between the camera receiver 11 and the base point turning point 14 on the camera receiver device) is a constant, which is determined in advance through experiments.

H _i is the elevation value of the elevation point 17 of the working layer +1.000m.

Claims (5)

1. A high-precision automatic transfer process method for super high-rise elevations, characterized in that: Step 1. Set up a forced centering device (1) at the position where the elevation of the ground floor is transferred, and set up the laser electronic total station (3) on the bolt (2) on the forced centering device (1), and measure it through air temperature and barometer , carry out meteorological correction settings to the laser electronic total station (3), adjust the telescope of the laser electronic total station (3) to a horizontal position (the value displayed on the screen is 90°), read and erect at the "+1.000m" elevation point (4) The reading a ₁ of the leveling rod (5) on the upper surface is obtained to obtain the initial value of the instrument height of the laser electronic total station (3); Step 2, point the telescope of the laser electronic total station (3) to the zenith (the screen value display is 0 °), place the support (7) of the camera receiver on the reserved hole (6), and the support (7) ) into the reserved sleeve and fixed, adjusting the bolt (8) to center the air bubble (10) on the base (9), so that the base (9) is in a horizontal state; Step 3, open the laser electronic total station (3), hit the laser to the camera receiver device, after the camera receiver (11) on the camera receiver device receives the laser point, move on the guide rail (12) by the motor, make The center of the camera receiver (11) coincides with the laser point of the laser electronic total station (3), and the motor is connected with the external power supply (13), and the laser electronic total station (3) is used to carry out multiple distance measurements, respectively at 0 and 0 of the level. , 90, 180, and 270 degrees at four positions for ranging, and the camera receiver (11) records the position of each ranging laser point and transmits it to the computer (15). From the center point of the point, use special software for data processing to obtain the vertical distance d _i from the laser electronic total station (3) to the camera receiver (11), and the geometric center of the laser point is the current projection In the middle of the point, judge whether the accuracy meets the requirements according to the size of the point radius. If the radius is too large, you need to adjust the calibration instrument and then measure; Step 4, after obtaining the vertical alignment distance from the laser electronic total station (3) to the camera receiver (11), stand the tower ruler at the base point turning point (14) of the camera receiver device, set up the level (16), and read Take the reading a _i of the tower foot, input the reading into the computer (15), and automatically calculate the reading b _i of the elevation of the tower foot (5) on the working layer +1.000m elevation point (17) through the program; Step five, calculate the measured floor elevation according to the above steps: Through the above steps, the calculation formula of the reading b _i of the tower foot (5) elevation on the working layer+1.000m elevation point (17) is: b _i =a ₁ +d _i +K+a _i -H _i K is a constant representing the height difference between the camera receiver (11) and the base point turning point (14) on the camera receiver device, and is determined in advance by tests; H _i is the elevation value of the working layer +1.000m elevation point (17). 2. the super-high-rise elevation high-precision automatic transmission process method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described camera receiver device is a hollow device with a camera receiver, which consists of a support (7), a bolt ( 8), base (9), air bubble (10), guide rail (12), camera receiver (11) and base point turning point (14), wherein, base (9) is installed on the hollow support by bolt (8) (7), the vertical and horizontal directions of the base (9) are respectively provided with an air bubble (10), the base (9) is provided with a guide rail (12), and the camera receiver (11) is movably installed on the guide rail (12), and the base ( 9) is provided with base point turning point (14), and camera receiver (11) is connected with computer (15), and the motor on the guide rail (12) is connected with external power supply (13). 3. The super-high-rise elevation high-precision automatic transmission process method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser electronic total station (3) is a servo total station. 4. The super-high-rise elevation high-precision automatic transfer process method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the air bubble (10) on the camera receiver device is a round air bubble or a long level pipe. 5. The super-high-rise elevation high-precision automatic transfer process method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the support (7) of the camera receiver device can be embedded in the reserved hole (6) on the floor surface of the working floor in advance , the camera receiver unit is placed on the support (7) by bolts (8).