CN103306219B - Method for quickly repairing and reinforcing post-earthquake damaged pier - Google Patents
Method for quickly repairing and reinforcing post-earthquake damaged pier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法，无需对震后的受损桥墩构件进行扶直，而按以下步骤进行：（1）清理：清理塑性铰区酥松混凝土，同时对鼓起的钢筋进行校直而无需对其进行替换；（2）凿槽：在桥墩的近表面即保护层上凿植筋槽，清理槽内碎屑及槽周边混凝土表面；（3）注胶：在植筋槽内注入植筋胶；（4）植筋：用工业酒精将纤维筋清洗干净，待其干燥后安装到植筋槽内，然后用植筋胶覆盖其外表面并抹平；（5）浇筑：待植筋胶固化后支模，浇筑塑性铰区的修复混凝土；（6）缠布：待修复混凝土固化后，拆下模板，然后缠绕三层纤维布，缠绕高度和植筋高度保持一致。本发明可快速修复受损桥墩，并使修复加固后的桥墩具有足够的承载力。
The invention relates to a method for quickly repairing and strengthening damaged bridge piers after earthquakes. It is not necessary to straighten the damaged bridge piers after earthquakes, but proceeds according to the following steps: (1) Cleaning: clean up the loose concrete in the plastic hinge area, and simultaneously (2) Grooving: chisel grooves on the near surface of the bridge pier, that is, the protective layer, and clean up debris in the grooves and the concrete surface around the grooves; (3) Glue injection: Inject the reinforcement glue into the reinforcement tank; (4) Plant reinforcement: clean the fiber reinforcement with industrial alcohol, install it in the reinforcement groove after it is dry, and then cover the outer surface with the reinforcement glue and smooth it; ( 5) Pouring: After the reinforcement glue is cured, the mold is set up, and the repair concrete in the plastic hinge area is poured; (6) Wrapping: After the repair concrete is cured, the formwork is removed, and then three layers of fiber cloth are wound, the winding height and the height of the reinforcement be consistent. The invention can quickly repair the damaged bridge pier, and make the repaired and reinforced bridge pier have sufficient bearing capacity.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法，属于工程抗震加固技术领域。 The invention relates to a method for quickly repairing and strengthening damaged bridge piers after earthquakes, and belongs to the technical field of engineering anti-seismic reinforcement.
背景技术 Background technique
桥墩是桥梁结构中唯一的抗侧力构件，在地震中受到损坏是在所难免的，按照我国现阶段《公路桥梁抗震设计规范》中的“二水准”抗震设防目标，即当遭受桥梁设计基准期内发生概率较低的罕遇地震影响时，应保证不致倒塌或产生严重结构损伤，经加固修复后仍可继续使用。虽然国内外对桥墩修复的研究工作逐渐增多，但对震后损坏的结构进行推倒重建的主观意识还是比较强，修复工作没有得到足够重视。而现有修复加固方面的研究工作大都是将传统的加固技术应用到桥墩的修复加固且大多都是对震前完好桥墩进行加固，传统的加固技术有增大截面法、粘钢法、纤维增强复合材料（FRP）加固法等，研究发现传统的加固技术只是单一的追求修复后桥墩的承载力性能，而且施工工艺复杂、造价相对较高且未考虑震后工程的实际需求，并不能达到快速修复的目的。若推倒重建则造价高，占用空间，施工周期长，并不能快速投入抢险救灾工作中。 The bridge pier is the only lateral force-resistant component in the bridge structure, and it is inevitable to be damaged in an earthquake. According to the "two-level" seismic fortification goal in the current "Code for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges" in my country, that is, when the bridge is subjected to In the event of rare earthquakes with a low probability of occurrence during the period, it should be ensured that no collapse or serious structural damage will occur, and it can still be used after reinforcement and repair. Although the research work on bridge pier repair has gradually increased at home and abroad, the subjective awareness of knocking down and rebuilding damaged structures after the earthquake is still relatively strong, and the repair work has not received enough attention. Most of the existing research work on repair and reinforcement is to apply the traditional reinforcement technology to the repair and reinforcement of bridge piers, and most of them are to reinforce the intact bridge piers before the earthquake. Composite material (FRP) reinforcement method, etc., the research found that the traditional reinforcement technology only pursues the bearing capacity of the repaired pier, and the construction process is complicated, the cost is relatively high, and the actual needs of the post-earthquake engineering are not considered. purpose of repair. If it is torn down and rebuilt, the cost is high, it takes up space, the construction period is long, and it cannot be quickly put into emergency rescue and disaster relief work.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对上述现有技术存在的问题作出改进，即本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法，可以在短时间内恢复受损桥墩的承载力，使桥梁恢复通车，进而使得救援工作及时开展，挽救大量生命财产，并且相对于推倒重建，费用更少。 The present invention makes improvements to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, that is, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for quickly repairing and reinforcing damaged bridge piers after earthquakes, which can restore the bearing capacity of damaged bridge piers in a short time, so that The bridge was reopened to traffic, which enabled the rescue work to be carried out in a timely manner, saving a lot of lives and property, and the cost was less than tearing down and rebuilding.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法，无需对震后的受损桥墩构件进行扶直，而按以下步骤进行：（1）清理：清理塑性铰区酥松混凝土，同时对鼓起的钢筋进行校直而无需对其进行替换；（2）凿槽：在桥墩的近表面即保护层上凿植筋槽，清理槽内碎屑及槽周边混凝土表面；（3）注胶：在植筋槽内注入植筋胶；（4）植筋：用工业酒精将纤维筋清洗干净，待其干燥后安装到植筋槽内，然后用植筋胶覆盖其外表面并抹平；（5）浇筑：待植筋胶固化后支模，浇筑塑性铰区的修复混凝土；（6）缠布：待修复混凝土固化后，拆下模板，然后缠绕三层纤维布，缠绕高度和植筋高度保持一致。 In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for quickly repairing and strengthening the damaged pier after the earthquake, without straightening the damaged pier components after the earthquake, and proceeding according to the following steps: (1) Cleaning: Clean up the loose concrete in the plastic hinge area, and straighten the bulging steel bars without replacing them; (2) Grooving: chisel the reinforcement grooves on the near surface of the bridge pier, that is, the protective layer, and clean the debris and grooves in the grooves Surrounding concrete surface; (3) Glue injection: inject reinforcement glue into the reinforcement tank; (4) Reinforcement: clean the fiber reinforcement with industrial alcohol, install it in the reinforcement groove after drying, and then use the reinforcement Cover the outer surface with glue and smooth it; (5) Pouring: After the glue is cured, set up the formwork and pour the repair concrete in the plastic hinge area; (6) Wrap: After the repair concrete is cured, remove the formwork, and then wrap three Layers of fiber cloth, the height of the winding and the height of the planting bars should be consistent.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（2）中的植筋槽的高度覆盖修复高度，所述修复高度为塑性铰区的高度 ，其中L为桥墩柱长度，d b为纵筋的直径。 In a further technical solution, the height of the reinforcement groove in step (2) covers the repair height, and the repair height is the height of the plastic hinge area , where L is the length of the pier column, d b is the diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（2）中的植筋槽的直径大小为所植入筋直径的1.5~2.5倍。 In a further technical solution, the diameter of the rib-planting groove in step (2) is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the implanted rib.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（3）中的植筋胶的注射量为植筋槽体积的2/3，其在桥墩底部直接注入到孔洞中。 In a further technical solution, the injection volume of the reinforcement glue in step (3) is 2/3 of the volume of the reinforcement groove, and it is directly injected into the hole at the bottom of the pier.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（4）中的纤维筋嵌入承台中以确保足够的锚固长度，所述锚固长度为纤维筋直径的40倍。 In a further technical solution, the fiber tendons in step (4) are embedded in the cap to ensure sufficient anchoring length, and the anchoring length is 40 times the diameter of the fiber tendons.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（4）中的纤维筋优先选用玄武岩纤维筋或者碳纤维筋。 In a further technical solution, the fiber reinforcement in step (4) is preferably basalt fiber reinforcement or carbon fiber reinforcement.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（5）中的修复混凝土优先选用早强微膨胀高流动性混凝土。 In a further technical solution, the repair concrete in step (5) is preferably early-strength micro-expansion high-fluidity concrete.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（6）在拆下模板后对修复高度内的桥墩表面进行找平然后刷上环氧树脂胶，随后缠绕第一层纤维布，然后在其表面刷环氧树脂胶，接着按同样的施工方法缠绕第二层纤维布和第三层纤维布，并保证每层纤维布的最小搭接长度为20cm。 In a further technical solution, step (6) after removing the formwork, level the pier surface within the repair height and then apply epoxy resin glue, then wrap the first layer of fiber cloth, and then brush epoxy resin glue on its surface , and then wind the second layer of fiber cloth and the third layer of fiber cloth according to the same construction method, and ensure that the minimum lap length of each layer of fiber cloth is 20cm.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（6）中的纤维布优先选用碳纤维布或者玄武岩纤维布。 In a further technical solution, the fiber cloth in step (6) is preferably carbon fiber cloth or basalt fiber cloth.
在进一步的技术方案中，步骤（6）中的纤维布优先选用双向纤维布。 In a further technical solution, the fiber cloth in step (6) is preferably bidirectional fiber cloth.
与现有的修复加固技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：采用受损桥墩不扶直措施及便于运输的纤维轻质材料，同时只清理塑性铰区酥松混凝土而对鼓起的钢筋进行校直而无需对其替换，可以快速修复受损桥墩；而且，通过植筋和缠绕纤维布可以使修复加固后的桥墩具有足够的承载力，进而使修复加固后的桥梁快速恢复交通，为抢险救援工作争取更为宝贵的时间。因此，本发明更加贴近实际工程的运用，为今后的震后受损桥墩的快速修复加固提供参考与技术支持。 Compared with the existing repairing and strengthening technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the measures of not straightening the damaged pier and the fiber light material which is convenient for transportation are adopted, and at the same time, only the loose concrete in the plastic hinge area is cleaned and the bulged steel bars are corrected. It can quickly repair the damaged pier without replacing it; moreover, the repaired and strengthened pier can have sufficient bearing capacity through planting reinforcement and winding fiber cloth, so that the repaired and strengthened bridge can quickly resume traffic, which is of great importance for emergency rescue. Work for more precious time. Therefore, the present invention is closer to the application of actual engineering, and provides reference and technical support for the rapid repair and reinforcement of damaged bridge piers after earthquakes in the future.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。 The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是桥墩塑性铰区及植筋槽的相对位置的立面图。 Figure 1 is an elevational view of the relative positions of the pier's plastic hinge area and the planting groove.
图2是图1中A-A处的剖面图。 Fig. 2 is a sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1 .
图3是植入六根纤维筋及缠绕双向纤维布的桥墩立面图。 Figure 3 is an elevation view of a bridge pier implanted with six fiber tendons and wrapped with bidirectional fiber cloth.
图4是图3中A’-A’处的剖面图。 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view at A'-A' in Fig. 3 .
图中：1-纤维布，21-植筋槽，22-纤维筋，31-塑性铰区，32-修复混凝土，4-未破坏核心混凝土，5-箍筋，6-纵筋。 In the figure: 1-fiber cloth, 21-planting reinforcement groove, 22-fiber reinforcement, 31-plastic hinge area, 32-repair concrete, 4-undamaged core concrete, 5-stirrup, 6-longitudinal reinforcement.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1~4所示，一种快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法，无需对震后的受损桥墩构件进行扶直，而按以下步骤进行： As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a method for quickly repairing and strengthening damaged bridge piers after earthquakes does not need to straighten damaged bridge piers after earthquakes, but proceeds according to the following steps:
（1）清理：清理塑性铰区31酥松混凝土，同时对鼓起的钢筋进行校直而无需对其进行替换。 (1) Clean up: clean up the loose concrete in the plastic hinge area 31, and at the same time straighten the bulged steel bars without replacing them.
（2）凿槽：在桥墩的近表面即保护层上凿植筋槽21，植筋槽21的高度要覆盖修复高度，植筋槽21的直径大小为所植入筋直径的1.5~2.5倍，清理槽内碎屑及槽周边混凝土表面。修复高度选为塑性铰区31的高度：，其中L为桥墩柱长度，d b为纵筋6的直径，实际修复高度还需参考损伤情况。 (2) Grooving: chisel planting reinforcement grooves 21 on the near surface of the bridge pier, that is, on the protective layer. The height of the planting reinforcement grooves 21 must cover the repair height, and the diameter of the planting reinforcement grooves 21 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the implanted reinforcement , Clean the debris in the tank and the concrete surface around the tank. The repair height is selected as the height of the plastic hinge area 31: , where L is the length of the pier column, d b is the diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement 6, and the actual repair height needs to refer to the damage situation.
（3）注胶：在植筋槽21内注入植筋胶，植筋胶可以采用改性环氧类或改性乙烯基酯类胶结剂，植筋胶的注射量为植筋槽21体积的2/3左右，桥墩底部则直接注入到孔洞中。 (3) Glue injection: inject reinforcement glue into the reinforcement groove 21. The reinforcement glue can use modified epoxy or modified vinyl ester cementing agent. The injection volume of the reinforcement glue is 21 volumes of the reinforcement groove About 2/3, the bottom of the pier is directly injected into the hole.
（4）植筋：用工业酒精将纤维筋22清洗干净，待其干燥后安装到植筋槽21内，然后用植筋胶覆盖其外表面并抹平。同时为了确保不发生纤维筋22出现柱底拉拔破坏，把纤维筋22嵌入承台中以确保足够的锚固长度，锚固长度为纤维筋22直径d的40倍。 (4) Reinforcement: Clean the fiber rebar 22 with industrial alcohol, install it in the rebar groove 21 after drying, and then cover its outer surface with rebar glue and smooth it. At the same time, in order to ensure that the fiber reinforcement 22 will not be damaged by pulling out at the bottom of the column, the fiber reinforcement 22 is embedded in the cap to ensure a sufficient anchoring length, which is 40 times the diameter d of the fiber reinforcement 22 .
（5）浇筑：待植筋胶固化后支模，在塑性铰区31浇筑修复混凝土32，修复混凝土32可以采用早强微膨胀高流动性混凝土等。 (5) Pouring: After the reinforcement glue is cured, the formwork is set up, and the repair concrete 32 is poured in the plastic hinge area 31. The repair concrete 32 can use early-strength micro-expansion high-fluidity concrete, etc.
（6）缠布：待修复混凝土32固化后，拆下模板，对修复高度内的桥墩表面进行找平然后刷上环氧树脂胶；随后缠绕第一层纤维布，然后在其表面刷环氧树脂胶，接着按同样的施工方法缠绕第二层纤维布和第三层纤维布，三层纤维布的缠绕高度和植筋高度保持一致，并保证每层纤维布的最小搭接长度为20cm。 (6) Cloth wrapping: After the repaired concrete 32 is cured, remove the template, level the surface of the pier within the repaired height and then apply epoxy resin glue; then wrap the first layer of fiber cloth, and then brush epoxy resin on its surface Glue, and then wind the second layer of fiber cloth and the third layer of fiber cloth according to the same construction method. The winding height of the three layers of fiber cloth is consistent with the height of the planting bar, and the minimum lap length of each layer of fiber cloth is guaranteed to be 20cm.
在本实施例中，所述纤维筋22可以采用玄武岩纤维筋22或者碳纤维筋22等，所述纤维筋22并不局限于图示位置；所述纤维布1可以采用碳纤维布或者玄武岩纤维布等，所述纤维布1可以是双向纤维布；所述桥墩的横截面并不局限于图2和图4所示的圆形，还可以是椭圆形、多边形或异形。 In this embodiment, the fiber bars 22 can use basalt fiber bars 22 or carbon fiber bars 22, etc., and the fiber bars 22 are not limited to the position shown in the figure; the fiber cloth 1 can be made of carbon fiber cloth or basalt fiber cloth, etc. , the fiber cloth 1 may be a bidirectional fiber cloth; the cross section of the pier is not limited to the circle shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, but may also be oval, polygonal or shaped.
在本实施例中，对受损桥墩近表面植筋是为了弥补桥墩内部受损钢筋的承载力不足，而外围所缠绕纤维布可以提高其内部混凝土的轴向承载能力，因此修复加固后的桥墩具有足够的承载力来承担桥梁传递下来的竖向荷载及抵抗余震的水平作用。本发明适用于中等烈度地震中受损桥墩的残余位移率（墩柱残余位移与墩柱高度的比值）不超过1%时的快速修复加固。 In this example, the purpose of planting reinforcement near the surface of the damaged pier is to make up for the lack of bearing capacity of the damaged steel inside the pier, and the fiber cloth wrapped around the periphery can improve the axial bearing capacity of the internal concrete, so the pier after repairing and strengthening It has sufficient bearing capacity to bear the vertical load transmitted by the bridge and resist the horizontal effect of aftershocks. The invention is suitable for rapid repair and reinforcement when the residual displacement rate of damaged bridge piers (the ratio of the residual displacement of the pier column to the height of the pier column) does not exceed 1% in moderate intensity earthquakes.
该快速修复加固震后受损桥墩的方法与已有修复加固技术相比，具有以下优点：（1）可以快速修复震后受损桥墩，使之快速恢复交通，为抢险救援工作争取更为宝贵的时间；（2）修复加固后的桥墩具有足够的承载力，保证墩柱在余震作用下仍能正常使用；（3）本发明施工工艺简单不需要特殊的施工设备，同时也不需要特殊的养护，且修复后的桥墩截面尺寸几乎没有改变即不增加使用空间。 Compared with the existing repair and reinforcement technology, this method of quickly repairing and strengthening the damaged bridge pier after the earthquake has the following advantages: (1) It can quickly repair the damaged bridge pier after the earthquake, so that the traffic can be quickly restored, and it is more valuable for the rescue work (2) The repaired and strengthened bridge piers have sufficient bearing capacity to ensure that the pier columns can still be used normally under the aftershocks; (3) The construction process of the present invention is simple and does not require special construction equipment, nor does it require special Maintenance, and the cross-sectional size of the repaired pier has hardly changed, that is, no increase in the usable space.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。 The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
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