CN103293875B - Photolithography device and light-transmitting unit adopting octupole exposure mode and photolithography method - Google Patents
Photolithography device and light-transmitting unit adopting octupole exposure mode and photolithography method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103293875B CN103293875B CN201310211071.1A CN201310211071A CN103293875B CN 103293875 B CN103293875 B CN 103293875B CN 201310211071 A CN201310211071 A CN 201310211071A CN 103293875 B CN103293875 B CN 103293875B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photolithography device and light-transmitting unit adopting an octupole exposure mode and a photolithography method. The photolithography device comprises a photosource, a light-transmitting unit, a condensing lens, a photomask and a projecting lens, which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the light-transmitting unit is at least provided with a group of octupole light holes; at least one light hole in the light-transmitting unit contains a plurality of gray areas; the gray difference of the plurality of gray areas is transitional difference or saltatory difference; the condensing lens gathers the photosource ray; and the diffracted light is focused on a silicon substrate below the projecting lens via the photomask with diffraction function and the projecting lens. By adopting the photolithography device, the light-transmitting unit and the photolithography method, the synthetic resolutions and process windows of photolithography patterns in different dimensions are obviously improved, in particular, the linewidth dimensions of the photolithography patterns in different dimensions are balanced under the condition of octupole arrangement of the photolithography patterns, and simultaneously process cost increase and output reduction caused by multiple exposure are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to semiconductor microelectronics manufacturing equipment field, particularly relate to a kind of lithographic equipment, logical light unit and the photoetching method that adopt ends of the earth Exposure mode.
Background technology
Semiconductor devices makes and usually adopts photolithographic exposure mode to form required figure, and its basic step is as follows: first, resist coating on silicon chip, subsequently, high light is carved with the mask plate of circuit pattern by one piece, irradiates on a silicon substrate, and the photoresist being irradiated to part occurs rotten, use corrosive liquids cleaning silicon chip afterwards, remove rotten photoresist, inscribe on a silicon substrate and photomask same circuits patterned photo glue pattern, finally, through curing and the operation such as development, form product wafer.
In the process of whole photolithographic exposure, the performance of lithographic equipment directly has influence on the yield rate of wafer.Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 adopts traditional ends of the earth to lead to off-axis (Off-Axis) the lithographic exposure systems schematic diagram of light Exposure mode, and Fig. 2 leads to the vertical view of light unit 12 for the ends of the earth shown in Fig. 1.As shown in the figure, incident ray 11 leads to light unit 12 and collector lens 13 along necessarily departing from axis by the ends of the earth, forms diffraction at photomask 14 figure place, and 0 grade forms component graphics at silicon substrate 16 Surface Interference with+1 order diffraction light after projecting lens 15.Wherein, coefficient of coherence σ is the important parameter describing circular iris size, and it represents the degree that projecting lens is occupied by light source, the aperture of the aperture/projecting lens of σ=collector lens, coefficient of coherence σ
inand σ
out, opening angle α and relative direction angle β is the important parameter describing ends of the earth light hole size and width, σ
into σ
outdistance is light hole width, and α determines light hole size, and relative direction angle beta, gamma and θ determine light hole arrangement.
Ends of the earth exposure is a particular example of off-axis exposure, compares general off-axis exposure, the figure of little feature sizes has larger contrast, higher resolution and better process tolerance.But the progress continued along with manufacturing process, the exposure of the simple ends of the earth gradually can not meet technology to resolution requirements, and can not ensure that the figure of different size has enough resolution, cause a part of figure to be rasterized, formed and so-calledly forbid spatial separation (Forbidden Pitch) region.Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is that the ends of the earth leads to the impact of light cell size on different spaces pitch pat feature sizes, and wherein, more close to zero, finished product accuracy is higher, and technology is more advanced for critical size (Critical Dimension is called for short CD).As shown in the figure, the curve shown in figure is about 150nm in spatial separation, and depart from zero point comparatively greatly, critical dimension errors is maximum, causes some or several interval video picture difficulty.
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a kind of existing improvement opportunity schematic diagram, and it adopts two method of photolithographic exposure to the ends of the earth light hole along light transmitting cells central gamma.The method effectively reduces the fluctuation of feature sizes in larger space pitch area by two to the ends of the earth light hole of inside and outside arrangement, reduces the risk being formed and forbid spatial separation region.
But above-mentioned two pairs of ends of the earth light holes still lack dirigibility in the feature sizes of the various figure of balance and process window, be difficult to reach optimised process balance to the figure of different size.In sum, how to reach the feature sizes of various figure and the optimised process balance of process window, not only need the ends of the earth light hole of suitable dimension, and the exposure that the feature sizes of needs and various figure matches.This is the required target pursued of current industry.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is the defect overcoming prior art, by comprising the ends of the earth light hole illumination gray difference balance exposure of many gray scales combination, making ends of the earth light hole illumination play best resolution and strengthening and the multi-functional such as process window balance.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Adopt a lithographic equipment for ends of the earth Exposure mode, comprising: light source, the ends of the earth at least with pair of light-transmissive hole lead to light unit, and collector lens, photomask and projecting lens, arrange from top to bottom successively.Wherein, comprise multiple gray area at least one light hole in above-mentioned logical light unit, diffraction light to focus on be positioned on the silicon substrate of its underpart by having the photomask of diffraction function, projecting lens by collector lens focus source light.
Preferably, it is one group that the described ends of the earth leads to light unit iuuminting hole, and its shape is partial circle type section, fan-shaped, circular, oval, one of polygon or their combination, and evenly arranges with logical light unit center.
Preferably, the ends of the earth leads to the region that the quantity comprising gray area in the light hole of light unit is two or more different gray scales, and the gray difference of multiple gray area is transition type difference, or is great-jump-forward difference.
Preferably, the gray area shape in light hole is strip, circle, one of ring-type or their combination.
Preferably, the gray area in light hole is along logical light unit center rotational symmetry arrangement.
Preferably, when light hole is circular or oval, when gray area is circular, annular or oval, the gray area in light hole is coaxial with light hole.
Preferably, the described ends of the earth leads to the outer perimeter section coefficient of coherence σ of light hole in light unit
outscope be 0.7 ~ 0.9; Inner round portion coefficient of coherence σ
inscope be 0.3 ~ 0.5.
Preferably, the described ends of the earth leads to the scope of the opening angle α in light unit iuuminting hole is 15 ° ~ 40 °.
Preferably, described source light wavelength is 436 nanometers, 365 nanometers, 248 nanometers or 193 nanometers.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of device, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of logical light unit with ends of the earth light hole; Logical light unit at least has one group of ends of the earth light hole of evenly arranging along logical light unit center; At least one light hole comprises multiple gray area.
Preferably, the quantity comprising gray area in the light hole of the ends of the earth is the region of two or more different gray scales, and the gray difference of described multiple gray area is transition type difference, or is great-jump-forward difference.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of photoetching method, specifically comprises the steps:
Step S1: according to litho pattern arrangement demand, choose the group number of ends of the earth light hole, and determine the outer perimeter section coefficient of coherence σ of ends of the earth light hole
out, inner round portion coefficient of coherence σ
inwith opening angle α, relative direction angle beta, gamma and θ and light hole shape and orientation;
Step S2: choose gray areas quantity and arrangement combination in light hole, to adjust incident ray exposure according to litho pattern size arrangement demand;
Step S3: after incident ray leads to light unit and collector lens by the ends of the earth, forms diffracted ray through photomask diffraction;
Step S4: form final required litho pattern in the photoresist of diffracted ray again after projecting lens in surface of silicon;
Step S5: silicon substrate is cured and develops.
As can be seen from technique scheme, the lithographic equipment of the employing ends of the earth provided by the invention Exposure mode, it leads to light unit by installing the ends of the earth with variable many gray scales additional, exposure matching problem is made up with many gray features, balance the exposure of the feature sizes of various figure, and there is the dirigibility of process window aspect, just can meet at single exposure and carry out in photoetching process, reaching optimised process balance to variable feature sizes (namely there are the various figures in different size and direction), thus the manufacturing cost avoided owing to adopting method for multiple exposures with multiple to cause increases and produces production declining.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the off-axis lithographic exposure systems schematic diagram adopting ends of the earth Exposure mode in prior art
Fig. 2 is for adopting the logical light unit schematic top plan view of the off-axis lithographic exposure systems of ends of the earth Exposure mode in prior art shown in Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the influence curve of list group ends of the earth exposure to the photolithographic process capability of different spaces pitch pat feature sizes adopted in system shown in Figure 1
Fig. 4 is the logical light unit schematic top plan view that in prior art, the off-axis lithographic exposure systems of the ends of the earth light hole that light unit center is evenly arranged is led in employing two to edge
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention has lithographic equipment one preferred embodiment of ends of the earth Exposure mode
Fig. 6,7 to have the logical light unit schematic top plan view in the lithographic equipment embodiment of ends of the earth Exposure mode for the present invention
Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view that the present invention has logical light unit in lithographic equipment one preferred embodiment of ends of the earth Exposure mode
Fig. 9 adopts in the embodiment of the present invention to have the influence curve of many gray scales ends of the earth Exposure mode to the photolithographic process capability of different spaces pitch pat feature sizes
Figure 10 is the schematic flow sheet of photoetching method one specific embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
Some exemplary embodiments embodying feature & benefits of the present invention describe in detail in the explanation of back segment.Be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different examples, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and being shown in essence when the use explained, and be not used to limit the present invention.
Above-mentioned and other technical characteristic and beneficial effect, by conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawing 5-9 be that the structure of the off-axis lithographic exposure systems of lighting system and photoetching method are described in detail to the ends of the earth of the present invention light hole.
It should be noted that, the light source adopted in the lithographic equipment of the employing ends of the earth Exposure mode in the embodiment of the present invention can be arranged on any position of light path system, as long as it is just passable to meet off-axis photoetching exposure device needs, this source light wavelength does not do any restriction, preferably, can be 436 nanometers, 365 nanometers, 248 nanometers or 193 nanometers.
Refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of off-axis light engraving device one preferred embodiment of the ends of the earth of the present invention Exposure mode.As shown in the figure, this off-axis light engraving device comprises the logical light unit 52 with ends of the earth light hole, the projecting lens 55 being positioned at collector lens 53 under logical light unit 52, being positioned at the photomask 54 under collector lens 53 and being positioned under photomask 54.Collector lens 53 is for assembling the source light 51 through light hole in described logical light unit 52, and photomask 54 is for the light of diffraction through collector lens 53, and projecting lens is used for the diffraction light through photomask to focus on the silicon substrate 56 being positioned at its underpart.
That is, incident ray 51 leads to light unit 52 and collector lens 53 along necessarily departing from axis by the ends of the earth, forms diffraction at photomask 54 figure place, and 0 grade forms component graphics at silicon substrate 56 Surface Interference with+1 order diffraction light after projecting lens 55.
Under normal circumstances, the ends of the earth leads to light hole in light unit 52 can to arrange situation according to litho pattern, selects one group, also can be chosen as rent more.Many groups light hole can be along logical light unit center symmetry, also can be asymmetrical.In an embodiment of the present invention, the ends of the earth leads at least one light hole in light unit 52 and comprises multiple gray area, and the gray difference of the plurality of gray area is transition type difference, or is great-jump-forward difference.Wherein, the cross sectional shape of light hole is partial circle type section, fan-shaped, circular, oval, one of polygon or their combination; Preferably, light hole is evenly arranged along the center of logical light unit 52.Preferably, light hole relative direction angle beta, gamma and θ are 45 °.
Refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view under the present invention adopts in the lithographic equipment embodiment of ends of the earth exposure system one group of light hole situation.As shown in the figure, if light hole is one group, so, at least one light hole, multiple gray area can be comprised, and the gray area shape being positioned at light hole can have any shape, such as bar shaped, circular, one of ring-type or their combination.Preferably, if gray area is made up of many gray areas arranged in parallel, many gray areas arranged in parallel at the two poles of the earth can also along logical light unit center rotational symmetry, as light hole 61,63,65 and 67 and 64 and 68.Light hole arrangement of its ends of the earth can be 45 ° of sub-multiple angles arrangements, as shown in Figure 6, but also other any directions.If gray area is made up of multiple annular or circle, the gray area in this light hole can be coaxial with light hole, as light hole 64 and 68.
Refer to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the schematic top plan view under the present invention has in the lithographic equipment embodiment of ends of the earth Exposure mode one group of light hole situation.The present embodiment feature is that its ends of the earth distribution relative direction angle beta, gamma or θ are not 45 °, makes it have in specific one direction, can be X-direction, Y-direction, XY direction or any direction, have reinforcement exposure effect.In the application of reality, the outer ring coefficient of coherence 0.7 ~ 0.9 of light hole and inner ring coefficient of coherence 0.3 ~ 0.5 can meet most of litho pattern demand, certainly, in extreme circumstances, and σ
incan be set to zero, namely become ends of the earth photolithographic exposure on axle from off-axis ends of the earth photolithographic exposure, be also operable.In theory, the opening angle α of ends of the earth light hole can be 0 ° to 45 °, but in actual applications, opening angle α is 15 ° to 40 ° is common example.
If the ends of the earth leads to light unit 52 and comprises and organize light hole more, gray area can be set in one group of light hole wherein as required, also gray area can be set often organizing in light hole.Often organizing the gray area number of light hole, shape and arrangement mode etc. can identical with above-mentioned one group of light hole embodiment, does not repeat them here.
Particularly, refer to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view that the present invention adopts logical light unit (comprising two groups of ends of the earth light holes) in lithographic equipment one preferred embodiment of ends of the earth Exposure mode.As shown in the figure, the ends of the earth leads to light unit 52 and comprises two groups of light holes (light hole group 81 and light hole group 82).Wherein, light hole group 81 comprises the from inside to outside gray area that increases progressively of continuous gray scale, light hole group 82 comprise four with the grayscale bar (grayscale bar 821 of logical light unit center symmetry, grayscale bar 822, grayscale bar 823 and grayscale bar 824), grayscale bar 821 to be gray-scale values be 0.6 grayscale bar, grayscale bar 822 is gray-scale values is the grayscale bar of 0 and complete light transmission strip, grayscale bar 823 to be gray-scale values be 1.0 grayscale bar and alternatively non-transparent bar, grayscale bar 824 is grayscale bar of gray-scale value 0.3.
Refer to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 adopts the impact in the embodiment of the present invention with the photolithographic process capability on different spaces pitch pat feature sizes of many gray scales ends of the earth Exposure mode.Curve as can be seen from figure, it is less that the curve shown in figure departs from zero point in spatial separation, and critical dimension errors is much smaller compared with the curve shown in Fig. 3, which ensure that the specific region video picture of some or several intervals is normal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, lithographic equipment leads to light unit by installing the ends of the earth with variable many gray scales additional, exposure matching problem is made up with many gray features, balance the exposure of the feature sizes of various figure, and there is the dirigibility of process window aspect, just can meet at single exposure and carry out reaching optimised process balance in photoetching process to variable feature sizes (namely having the various figures in different size and direction), the exposure of many gray scales ends of the earth can provide the exposure matched with the feature sizes of various figure.
It should be noted that, the present invention has the logical light unit in the lithographic equipment of ends of the earth Exposure mode, can with the locus of the parts such as the lens in lithographic equipment, can change, its replacement scheme includes in the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Below by Figure 10, the technique that the lithographic equipment adopting the present invention to have ends of the earth Exposure mode carries out photoetching is described in detail.Refer to Figure 10, Figure 10 is the process chart of photoetching method one specific embodiment of the present invention, and above-mentioned photoetching process can comprise the steps:
Step S1: according to litho pattern arrangement demand, choose the group number of ends of the earth light hole, determine the outer perimeter section coefficient of coherence σ of ends of the earth light hole
outwith inner round portion coefficient of coherence σ
in, opening angle α, relative direction angle beta, gamma and θ, light hole shape and orientation; Wherein, in this step, can carry out needing to carry out initial option to the arrangement of aperture light transmission according to photolithographic exposure.
Step S2: choose gray areas quantity and arrangement combination in light hole according to litho pattern size arrangement demand, and adjustment incident ray exposure; Wherein, in this step, according to the some or several specific region in litho pattern, gray areas quantity and arrangement combination in the light hole of the ends of the earth can be determined, namely photolithographic exposure is needed to the region of lay special stress on or compensation, carry out the fine setting to incident ray exposure.
Step S3: incident ray, by after logical light unit and collector lens, forms diffracted ray through photomask diffraction;
Step S4: form final required litho pattern in the photoresist of diffracted ray again after projecting lens in surface of silicon;
Step S5: silicon substrate is cured and develops.
Wherein, in step S2, incident ray can be positioned at direct projection directly over silicon substrate, also can be positioned at other positions, direct projection, reflection or refraction.Further, in actual applications, the source light wavelength of litho machine is 436 nanometers, 365 nanometers, 248 nanometers or 193 nanometers.
Above-describedly be only embodiments of the invention; described embodiment is also not used to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention; therefore the equivalent structure that every utilization instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done changes, and in like manner all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. adopt a lithographic equipment for ends of the earth Exposure mode, form required figure on a silicon substrate by photolithographic exposure mode, comprising:
Light source;
At least there is the logical light unit of one group of ends of the earth light hole;
Collector lens, is positioned under described logical light unit, for assembling the source light through light hole described in described logical light unit;
Photomask, is positioned under described collector lens, for the light of diffraction through described collector lens;
Projecting lens, is positioned under described photomask, for the diffraction light through described photomask is focused on the described silicon substrate being positioned at its underpart;
It is characterized in that, multiple gray area is at least comprised at least one light hole in described logical light unit, the gray difference of described multiple gray area is transition type difference, or be great-jump-forward difference, to choose in described light hole gray areas quantity and arrangement combination according to litho pattern size arrangement demand on described silicon substrate, thus adjust described light source and be incident to light exposure amount on described silicon substrate through described logical light unit, collector lens, photomask and projecting lens.
2. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the shape of described light hole is partial circle type section, fan-shaped, circular, oval, one of polygon or their combination, and arranges with described logical light unit center rotational symmetry.
3. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the gray area shape in described light hole is strip, circle, one of ring-type or their combination.
4. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the gray area in described light hole is along described logical light unit center rotational symmetry arrangement.
5. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light hole is circular or oval, and described gray area is circular, annular or oval, and the gray area in described light hole is coaxial with described light hole.
6. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the outer perimeter section coefficient of coherence σ of described light hole
outscope be 0.7 ~ 0.9; The inner round portion coefficient of coherence σ of described light hole
inscope be 0.3 ~ 0.5.
7. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the scope of the opening angle α of described light hole is 15 ° ~ 50 °.
8. lithographic equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described source light wavelength is 436 nanometers, 365 nanometers, 248 nanometers or 193 nanometers.
9. adopt the ends of the earth of ends of the earth Exposure mode to lead to a light unit, it is characterized in that, lead in the described ends of the earth in light unit and at least there is one group along logical light unit center axisymmetric ends of the earth light hole; At least one light hole described at least comprises multiple gray area; The gray difference of described multiple gray area is transition type difference, or be great-jump-forward difference, to choose gray areas quantity and arrangement combination in described light hole according to litho pattern size arrangement demand on silicon substrate, thus adjust the light exposure amount be incident on described silicon substrate.
10. adopt a photoetching method for device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the steps:
Step S1: according to litho pattern arrangement demand, choose the group number of described ends of the earth light hole, and determine orientation, the outer perimeter section coefficient of coherence σ of described light hole
out, inner round portion coefficient of coherence σ
inopening angle α, relative direction angle β and light hole shape;
Step S2: choose gray areas quantity and arrangement combination in described light hole, to adjust described incident ray exposure according to litho pattern size arrangement demand;
Step S3: described incident ray, by after described logical light unit and described collector lens, forms diffracted ray through described photomask diffraction;
Step S4: form final required litho pattern in the photoresist of described diffracted ray again after described projecting lens in surface of silicon;
Step S5: described silicon substrate is cured and develops.
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