CN103290207B - A kind of method of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium - Google Patents
A kind of method of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, first, after carrying out Pretreatment by high pressure roller grinding by red mud, add composite additive, then carry out pelletizing, green-ball cools carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after drying and preheating on chain grate machine after, obtains going back original product; Then, after going back original product fragmentation, ore grinding, magnetic separation, obtains direct-reduction iron powder and magnetic tailing; Magnetic separation obtains the direct-reduction iron powder that iron-holder is greater than 90%, and iron recovery is more than or equal to 85%; Finally, magnetic tailing is placed in alkaline solution, Aluminum, the solubility rate of aluminium is 70-80%, and filter, filtrate direct production aluminum oxide, filter residue is good cement producting material, after filtering, drying, send cement mill to prepare cement.The present invention adopts composite additive, and a step produces direct-reduction iron powder, and the molten recovery aluminium of magnetic tailing alkali, realizes high efficiency separation and the comprehensive utilization of iron aluminium in red mud, and eliminating red mud to the pollution of environment, is a kind of method of effective comprehensive utilization of resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of method of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, belong to industrial waste residue resource and utilize technical field.
Background technology
Red mud take bauxite as the fines strong basicity solid waste produced in raw material production alumina process, often produces one ton of aluminum oxide, approximately produces red mud 0.8-1.5 tons.Along with the reduction gradually of growth and the bauxite grade year by year of aluminum oxide output, the year generation of red mud also will constantly increase, and the red mud of accumulation not only takies a large amount of soil, and alkaline matter is wherein also by contaminate environment.Therefore, carrying out red mud comprehensive utilization has become alumina industry and has developed a circular economy, and builds the inevitable requirement that " resource-conserving " and " environmentally friendly " is social.
The process of red mud and comprehensive utilization are one of difficult problems of puzzlement countries in the world alumina producing always.Scientific research personnel has done a lot of correlative study, mainly extracts valuable metal wherein and utilizes red mud to produce material of construction and filtering medium.For the research that iron reclaims, at rotary kiln carry out reducing roasting after being mixed by red mud with coal dust, after cooling, magnetic separation obtains direct-reduction iron powder.Recovery for ferro-aluminum is studied, be red mud is added sodium carbonate, Wingdale and carbon dust to carry out reduction sintering, carry out weak caustic solution stripping after cooling and reclaim aluminium, aluminium recovery about 80%, stripping slag carries out the iron ore concentrate that magnetic separation can obtain grade about 60%, iron recovery about 60%.
In sum, prior art is generally only considered to reclaim the iron in red mud, or while aluminium is reclaimed in consideration, iron recovery is lower, does not have a kind of effective means to carry out comprehensive high-efficiency recycling to elements such as the iron in red mud, aluminium.
Goal of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, adopt the method rationally can recycle valuable elements such as the iron in red mud, aluminium.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, the steps include:
The first step: red mud reduces
After red mud is carried out Pretreatment by high pressure roller grinding, add composite additive, then carry out pelletizing, green-ball cools carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after drying and preheating on chain grate machine after, obtains going back original product; Reduction process is pressed C/Fe mass ratio 0.4-1.0 and is added reduction coal;
Second step: magnetic separation
After the also original product fragmentation of the first step gained, ore grinding, magnetic separation, obtains direct-reduction iron powder and magnetic tailing;
3rd step: alkali leaching stripping
Second step gained magnetic tailing is placed in alkaline solution, Aluminum, and filter, filtrate direct production aluminum oxide, filter residue is rich in silicon, calcium, containing a small amount of iron, is good cement producting material, after filtering, drying, send cement mill to prepare cement.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, iron level >=30% in described red mud.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in the first step, Pretreatment by high pressure roller grinding processing parameter is: material moisture 8-15%, rolling pressure 5-20N/mm; Described material moisture refers to the mass percentage of water in material.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in the first step, described composite additive is made up of by mass percentage following component:
Wingdale 30-50%,
Borax 10-15%,
Sodium carbonate 30-50%,
Sodium humate 5-10%.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in the first step, the 8-20% that composite additive presses red mud quality adds.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in the first step, direct reduction process for rotary kiln parameter is: preheating temperature 900-1100 DEG C, warm up time 10-30min, reduction temperature 1000-1200 DEG C, recovery time 60-180min.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in second step, described fragmentation, ore grinding be by going back original product fragmentation, ore grinding to granularity≤200 object account for go back original product total mass 90% after, carry out magnetic separation; During magnetic separation, magneticstrength is 0.06-0.10T; Magnetic separation obtains the direct-reduction iron powder that iron-holder is greater than 90%, and iron recovery is more than or equal to 85%.
The method of the present invention's a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, in the 3rd step, the sodium hydroxide solution of described alkaline solution to be mass percentage concentration be 10-30%, the solubility rate of aluminium is 70-80%.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect
The present invention is owing to adopting above-mentioned processing method, composite additive is added when reducing, utilize the low melting point characteristic of borax in composite additive, sodium carbonate and Wingdale to react with aluminium mineral and silicon mine in reduction process and form sodium aluminate or calcium aluminate, Calucium Silicate powder etc., improve ferro-aluminum separating effect, improve product iron grade and the rate of recovery, make aluminium in magnetic tailing obtain enrichment simultaneously, and be easy to the feature of stripping.This additive is at promotion reduction of ferrous oxide, metallic iron grain growth, while sodium aluminate, calcium aluminate and Calucium Silicate powder are formed, the generation of remarkable suppression fayalite and sodium aluminium silicate, is conducive to ferro-aluminum and is separated, realize high efficiency separation and the comprehensive utilization of iron aluminium in red mud.
The present invention, by the comprehensive reutilization to red mud, compared with prior art, has following characteristics:
(1) adopt composite additive, realize high efficiency separation and the comprehensive utilization of iron aluminium in red mud.
(2) the present invention utilizes chain grate machine-rotary kiln for directly reducing process red mud (Iron grade is greater than 30%), and a step is produced for direct-reduction iron powder, can be used for steel-making, effectively shortens Steel Production Flow Chart, save energy, reduces and consumes.
(3) magnetic tailing adopts alkali molten technique to reclaim aluminium in red mud further, can Separation and Recovery iron and aluminium effectively, and eliminating red mud to the pollution of environment, is a kind of method of effective comprehensive utilization of resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Red mud iron grade is 50.6%, Al
2o
3content 8.45%, granularity accounts for 55.6% for being less than 0.5mm, after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, add composite additive by 15% of red mud quality and carry out pelletizing, coal-based direct reduction is carried out after green-ball drying and preheating, through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1000 DEG C, warm up time 20min, C/Fe mass ratio 1.0, reduction temperature 1000 DEG C, recovery time 120min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 10%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.87%, iron recovery 95.76%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 74.8%.
Embodiment 2
Red mud iron grade is 36.61%, Al
2o
3content 12.97%, granularity accounts for 38.6% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based direct reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 900 DEG C, warm up time 30min, C/Fe mass ratio 0.4, reduction temperature 1050 DEG C, recovery time 120min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 20%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 91.32%, iron recovery 88.36%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 79.3%.
Embodiment 3
Red mud iron grade is 40.80%, Al
2o
3content 7.07%, granularity accounts for 42.4% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based direct reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1100 DEG C, warm up time 10min, C/Fe mass ratio 0.7, reduction temperature 1100 DEG C, recovery time 180min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 20%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.03%, iron recovery 86.64%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 75.9%.
Embodiment 4
Red mud iron grade is 40.80%, Al
2o
3content 7.07%, granularity accounts for 42.4% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1100 DEG C, warm up time 10min, C/Fe mass ratio 1.0, reduction temperature 1200 DEG C, recovery time 60min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 20%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.01%, iron recovery 87.13%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 74.3%.
Embodiment 5
Red mud iron grade is 40.80%, Al
2o
3content 7.07%, granularity accounts for 42.4% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1100 DEG C, warm up time 10min, C/Fe mass ratio 0.7, reduction temperature 1150 DEG C, recovery time 80min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 30%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.01%, iron recovery 85.65%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 77.13%.
Embodiment 6
Red mud iron grade is 40.80%, Al
2o
3content 7.07%, granularity accounts for 42.4% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1100 DEG C, warm up time 10min, C/Fe mass ratio 0.7, reduction temperature 1000 DEG C, recovery time 180min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 20%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.34%, iron recovery 81.70%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 75.48%.
Embodiment 7
Red mud iron grade is 36.61%, Al
2o
3content 12.97%, granularity accounts for 38.6% for being less than 0.5mm, and after high pressure roller mill, it is after 70% that granularity is less than 0.074mm, adds composite additive and carries out pelletizing, carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after green-ball drying and preheating by 15% of red mud quality.Through broken, ore grinding-magnetic separation after reducting pellet cooling, magnetic tailing alkalescence Aluminum.Preheating temperature 1000 DEG C, warm up time 15min, C/Fe mass ratio 0.4, reduction temperature 1200 DEG C, recovery time 120min, the quality of grinding fineness-0.074mm accounts for 90%, under the condition of magneticstrength 0.1T and concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 20%, obtain the direct-reduction iron powder of Iron grade 90.00%, iron recovery 82.30%.Magnetic tailing aluminium solubility rate is 73.39%.
Claims (5)
1. a method for red mud comprehensive reutilization iron and aluminium, the steps include:
The first step: red mud reduces
After red mud is carried out Pretreatment by high pressure roller grinding, add composite additive, then carry out pelletizing, green-ball cools carry out coal-based rotary kiln direct-reduction after drying and preheating on chain grate machine after, obtains going back original product; Reduction process is pressed C/Fe mass ratio 0.4-1.0 and is added reduction coal;
Iron level >=30% in described red mud;
Pretreatment by high pressure roller grinding processing parameter is: material moisture 8-15%, rolling pressure 5-20N/mm;
Described composite additive is made up of by mass percentage following component:
Wingdale 30-50%,
Borax 10-15%,
Sodium carbonate 30-50%,
Sodium humate 5-10%;
The 8-20% that composite additive presses red mud quality adds;
Second step: magnetic separation
After the also original product fragmentation of the first step gained, ore grinding, magnetic separation, obtains direct-reduction iron powder and magnetic tailing;
3rd step: alkali leaching stripping
Second step gained magnetic tailing is placed in alkaline solution, Aluminum, and filter, filtrate direct production aluminum oxide, filter residue is rich in silicon, calcium, containing a small amount of iron, is good cement producting material, after filtering, drying, send cement mill to prepare cement.
2. the method for a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron according to claim 1 and aluminium, is characterized in that: in the first step, and green-ball preheating on chain grate machine, reduces in rotary kiln; Chain grate machine-direct reduction process for rotary kiln parameter is: preheating temperature 900-1100 DEG C, warm up time 10-30min, reduction temperature 1000-1200 DEG C, recovery time 60-180min.
3. the method for a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron according to claim 2 and aluminium, it is characterized in that: in second step, described fragmentation, ore grinding be by going back original product fragmentation, ore grinding to granularity≤200 object account for go back original product total mass 90% after, carry out magnetic separation.
4. the method for a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron according to claim 3 and aluminium, is characterized in that: during magnetic separation, and magneticstrength is 0.06-0.10T; Magnetic separation obtains the direct-reduction iron powder that iron-holder is greater than 90%, and iron recovery is more than or equal to 85%.
5. the method for a kind of red mud comprehensive reutilization iron according to claim 3 and aluminium, is characterized in that: in the 3rd step, and the sodium hydroxide solution of described alkaline solution to be mass percentage concentration be 10-30%, the solubility rate of aluminium is 70-80%.
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| CN104986806A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Method and system for preparing carbonyl iron powder by utilizing red mud |
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| CN111893308A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-06 | 中南大学 | Method for comprehensively utilizing red mud without tailings |
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