CN103278396A - Test method and test apparatus for measuring dynamic bending and tensile mechanical properties of mortar - Google Patents
Test method and test apparatus for measuring dynamic bending and tensile mechanical properties of mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278396A CN103278396A CN2013101430515A CN201310143051A CN103278396A CN 103278396 A CN103278396 A CN 103278396A CN 2013101430515 A CN2013101430515 A CN 2013101430515A CN 201310143051 A CN201310143051 A CN 201310143051A CN 103278396 A CN103278396 A CN 103278396A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method and a test apparatus for measuring dynamic bending and tensile mechanical properties of mortar. A transmission rod device is removed; a PVDF press sensor is additionally arranged to test change of loading force; a corresponding packaging device is employed, and a dynamic axial compression calibration test for the press sensor is carried out before the test; a dynamic strain meter can transfer strain signals into a relationship between voltage signals and time and can adjust a press control meter, so that stress-strain relationships of the bending and tensile mechanical properties of the mortar under different strain rate situations can be measured. The invention also discloses a test apparatus for measuring the dynamic bending and tensile mechanical properties of the mortar. The test method can directly measure the stress-strain relationships of the bending and tensile mechanical properties of the mortar under different strain rate situations. The test apparatus is simple in structure and convenient for operations, and omits tedious processes for data treatment. Besides, the test cost is further reduced by adopting an appropriate dynamic bending and tensile test device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mortar dynamically test method and test unit of curved pulling force performance measured, be used for the research of mortar dynamic mechanical, belong to the concrete construction field.
Background technology
In the field of civil engineering, the concrete dynamic characteristics is for antidetonation, the antiknock degree of safety of the high Arch Dam Structure of correct evaluation, and reasonably designs and construction has important theory and practical significance.Sand-cement slurry is prerequisite and the basis of concrete meso-scale research as concrete element.Dynamic compression and the tension test of mortar that domestic and international dynamic characteristics to sand-cement slurry has adopted the technical research of Hopkinson depression bar, test method expands to stretching, reverses so that the combination of multiple stress from uniaxial compression.For general axial compression/draw with split the specimen size of drawing test and can satisfy basic demand in the former test unit of Hopkinson depression bar, and the specimen size in 3 bending tests can not satisfy the basic demand in the former test unit of Hopkinson depression bar, and the fundamental assumption in the depression bar test is also difficult to be satisfied, and does not dynamically bend loading method and the test unit that pulling force is learned performance thereby form unified mensuration mortar.Therefore, research and develop a kind of mortar of accurately directly measuring and dynamically bend test method and the test unit that pulling force is learned performance, for all-round exploration concrete dynamic perfromance, the dynamic bending test scheme of formulating standard has very important meaning.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome measures the dynamically deficiency of the test method of curved pulling force performance of mortar, provides a kind of and can directly measure mortar dynamically test method and the test unit of curved pulling force performance.A kind of mortar of measuring is dynamically bent the determinator that pulling force is learned performance, comprises the packaging system of test platform, cube device, filler strip, steel plate, PVDF pressure transducer, PVDF pressure transducer; Described cube device is the steel framework that installs and fixes test specimen, and size can be according to the size customization of test specimen, the stand apparatus when placing as the test specimen side direction; Described filler strip is the steel filler strip of test specimen bending test three branch load(ing) points, and is closely fixing with test specimen; Described steel plate is the steel plate of power when directly loading, and can realize the loading of three branches of the dynamic bending test of mortar, is of a size of that test specimen is consistent to get final product; Described PVDF pressure transducer is the device of direct mensuration power, and is closely fixing with steel plate and incident bar, is of a size of the circular smart bloom of diameter 37mm, thickness 1cm piezoelectric film is fixed.
Dynamically bend the size that pulling force is learned loading force in the performance in order directly to measure mortar, the present invention proposes PVDF pressure sensor package device, this device comprises PVDF piezoelectric membrane, Copper Foil, dielectric film, circular smart bloom; Described PVDF piezoelectric membrane links to each other with electrode, directly measures voltage signal and the test specimen relation of power; Described Copper Foil is for serving as conductive lead wire, and each links to each other the single face conduction up and down with piezoelectric membrane, be of a size of 30 μ m thick and with piezoelectric film with wide; Described dielectric film not only plays every the electrical isolation effect but also plays the levelling effect, sticks on the circular smart bloom, and thickness is 30 μ m; Described smart bloom is device fixing and the encapsulation piezoelectric membrane, diameter 37mm, thickness 1cm; Lead-in wire by piezoelectric membrane the two poles of the earth is connected on the resistance of bridge box, and bridge box resistance is directly linked to each other with oscillograph, thereby can draw the voltage signal figure of loading force.
Mortar of the present invention is the test method of curved pulling force performance dynamically, may further comprise the steps:
Steps A, making test specimen, described test specimen is mortar standard cuboid, and presses the maintenance of cement mortar standard curing condition;
Step B, installation test specimen are selected the steel filler strip for use, are fixed on three branch places of test specimen, as load(ing) point.The steel plate consistent with test unit adopted in the filler strip top, and size can be identical with test specimen, as charger.In order directly to measure the size of loading force, the PVDF pressure transducer is closely linked to each other with steel plate, and pressure transducer links to each other with oscillograph through bridge box resistance;
Step C, installation Hopkinson strut device, the Hopkinson depression bar is made up of drop bar, incident bar and transmission bar, because in 3 bending tests, be subjected to the factor affecting of sample dimensions and tension mechanical property, incident wave can not form transmitted wave by test specimen, can not draw the anamorphic effect of test specimen.Therefore, remove the transmission bar device, foil gauge is sticked on the test specimen, and link to each other with amplifier (dynamic strain indicator) through the bridge box;
Step D, on instrument fixed range L
02 locate to be equipped with two infrared sensitization instruments, by surveying the bullet elapsed time, draw the speed of bullet, thereby can measure the stress-strain relation that the curved pulling force of mortar under the different strain rate situation is learned performance;
Step e, amplifier are that dynamic strain indicator can be converted into the strain signal that records on pressure transducer and the test specimen voltage signal and time relation, amplifier is linked to each other with oscillograph, then can be by oscillograph recording, oscillograph is linked to each other with computer, realize data handling system, improve the test figure storage efficiency;
Step F, incident bar is close to pressure transducer one end, and closely fixing with steel plate and the test specimen of test specimen;
Step G, loading system are made up of nitrogen driving, pressure control table, bore and drop bar (bullet).During test, open the nitrogen valve, drive bullet, make it to launch from bore.Can realize the size of bullet issuing velocity by adjusting the reading of controlled pressure table.
Further, also comprise after the described step G,
The loading speed of step H, adjustment load, repeating step A-step G, thus the mortar that draws under the different strain rate situation is dynamically bent the relation that pulling force is learned the stress and strain of performance.And then can study the curved rule of drawing performance to change with rate of strain of mortar.
Dynamically bend the size that pulling force is learned loading force in the performance in order directly to measure mortar, the present invention proposes the scaling method to the PVDF piezoelectric sensor.Because piezoelectric sensor links to each other with oscillograph, that draw is the voltage signal figure of loading force, voltage signal figure need be converted into the Changing Pattern of power and time.The present invention adopts the uniaxial compression test scaling method of direct determination sensor.Sensor and incident bar and transmission bar is closely fixing, paste foil gauge at incident bar, transmission bar respectively, foil gauge is connected with amplifier through the bridge box, sensor directly is connected with oscillograph through bridge box resistance, impact bullet with the curved same rate of strain size of test specimen of drawing, involve the Changing Pattern that transmitted wave draws the loading force of sensor by incident wave, reflection, compare the voltage signal figure of sensor, thereby draw the dynamic calibration size between sensor and the power.
Test method of the present invention can directly measure mortar dynamically curved pulling force learn performance, significant for the research of the dynamic mechanical of coagulation great soil group material.Test unit of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to operate, measuring accuracy is higher, can omit the complicated processes that data are handled, and adopts the dynamic bending test device that is suitable for, and has further reduced the cost of test.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the dynamically structural representation of curved pulling force performance test apparatus of mortar;
Fig. 2 is for placing the curved charger structural representation that draws test specimen;
Fig. 3 is rod member foil gauge connection diagram.
Fig. 4 PVDF pressure sensor structure circuit diagram
Fig. 5 PVDF pressure sensor structure structural representation
Fig. 6 PVDF piezoelectric membrane encapsulation synoptic diagram
Among the figure: 1 incident bar, 2 transmission bars, 3 test specimen apparatus for placing, 4 PVDF pressure transducers, 5 absorbing rods, 6 dampers, 7 dynamic strain indicators, 8 oscillographs, 9 data handling systems, 10 infrared knotmeters 1,11 time recorders, 12 bullets, 13 foil gauges, 14 piezoelectric membranes, 15 lead-in wires, 16 Copper Foils, 17 dielectric films, 18 smart blooms, 19 bridge box resistance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
In the uniaxial compression test of sensor dynamic calibration, incident bar 1 is placed 3 with transmission bar 2 by PVDF pressure transducer 4 and test specimen and is connected.The incident wave that produces in the process of the test and reflection wave mainly are by sticking on incident bar 1 foil gauge 13 records, for incident wave and the reflection wave that makes foil gauge 13 records do not superpose, generally foil gauge 13 is sticked on incident bar 1 midpoint, foil gauge sticks on the place apart from rod end 60-70cm on the transmission bar 2; In order to eliminate the influence of buckling effect, incident bar 1(transmission bar 2) the last foil gauge 13 of pasting two series connection; For avoiding the foil gauge measuring system to be short-circuited, when foil gauge goes between, must guarantee and depression bar between good insulation; In the process of the test, absorbing rod 5 is connected with transmission bar 2, and with damper 6 on same horizontal line, thereby prevent from testing produce in the impact process than macro-energy;
Test specimen apparatus for placing 3 props up mounting for cube shaped steel, and size is consistent with the test specimen size, can be used as the bearing processing of test specimen.The test specimen side direction is placed, and the foil gauge on the test specimen links to each other with dynamic strain amplifier 7 through the bridge box; The steel filler strip is fixed on three branch places of test specimen, and closely links to each other with steel plate, and the direct loading surface of power during as loading in the bending test process, also needs steel plate is closely linked to each other with PVDF pressure transducer 4, and closely contacts with incident bar 1;
Infrared knotmeter 10 is for measuring the emission rate of bullet 12, fixed range L on instrument
02 locate to be equipped with two infrared sensitization instruments, when bullet 12 passed knotmeter, the corresponding mistiming can be read by time regulator 11, thereby can determine the speed of bullet; By data handling system 9 and above-mentioned process of the test, can handle and determine the dynamically stress-strain relation of curved pulling force performance of mortar.
Use said apparatus to carry out mortar when dynamically curved pulling force is learned performance test, according to following steps:
Step 2, installation test specimen 3 are selected the steel filler strip for use, are fixed on three branch places of test specimen, as load(ing) point.The steel plate consistent with test unit adopted in the filler strip top, and size can be identical with test specimen, as charger, closely link to each other with steel plate demarcating good PVDF pressure transducer 4, and pressure transducer directly links to each other with oscillograph 8 through bridge box resistance;
Step 3, installation Hopkinson strut device in 3 bending tests, are subjected to the factor affecting of sample dimensions and tension mechanical property, and incident wave can not form transmitted wave by test specimen, can not draw the anamorphic effect of test specimen.Therefore, remove transmission bar 2, foil gauge is sticked on the test specimen 3, and link to each other with amplifier (dynamic strain indicator) 7 through the bridge box;
Step 5, dynamic strain indicator 7 can be converted into voltage signal and time relation with the strain signal that records on pressure transducer 4 and the test specimen 3, amplifier 7 is linked to each other with oscillograph 8, then can be by oscillograph 8 records, oscillograph 8 is linked to each other with computer, realize data handling system 9, improve the test figure storage efficiency;
Step 6, incident bar 1 is close to pressure transducer 4 one ends, and closely fixing with steel plate and the test specimen 3 of test specimen 3;
The loading speed of step 8, adjustment load, repeating step 1-step 7, thus the mortar that draws under the different strain rate situation is dynamically bent the relation that pulling force is learned the performance stress and strain.And then can study the curved rule of drawing performance to change with rate of strain of mortar.
Claims (5)
1. measure the dynamically test unit of curved pulling force performance of mortar for one kind, comprise the packaging system of test platform, cube device, filler strip, steel plate, PVDF pressure transducer, PVDF pressure transducer; It is characterized in that: described cube device is the steel framework that installs and fixes test specimen, and size can be according to the size customization of test specimen, the stand apparatus when placing as the test specimen side direction; Described filler strip is the steel filler strip of test specimen bending test three branch load(ing) points, and is closely fixing with test specimen; Described steel plate is the steel plate of power when directly loading, and can realize the loading of three branches of the dynamic bending test of mortar, is of a size of that test specimen is consistent to get final product; Described PVDF pressure transducer is the device of direct mensuration power, and is closely fixing with steel plate and incident bar, is of a size of the circular smart bloom of diameter 37mm, thickness 1cm piezoelectric film is fixed.
2. mensuration mortar as claimed in claim 1 is dynamically bent the test unit that pulling force is learned performance, and it is characterized in that: the packaging system of described PVDF pressure transducer comprises PVDF piezoelectric membrane, Copper Foil, dielectric film, circular smart bloom; Described PVDF piezoelectric membrane links to each other with electrode, directly measures voltage signal and the test specimen relation of power; Described Copper Foil is for serving as conductive lead wire, and each links to each other the single face conduction up and down with piezoelectric membrane, be of a size of 30 μ m thick and with piezoelectric film with wide; Described dielectric film sticks on the circular smart bloom, and thickness is 30 μ m; Described smart bloom is device fixing and the encapsulation piezoelectric membrane, diameter 37mm, thickness 1cm; Lead-in wire by piezoelectric membrane the two poles of the earth is connected on the resistance of bridge box, and bridge box resistance is directly linked to each other with oscillograph, thereby can draw the voltage signal figure of loading force.
3. mensuration mortar as claimed in claim 1 is dynamically bent the test method that pulling force is learned performance test apparatus, it is characterized in that:
Steps A, making test specimen, described test specimen is mortar standard cuboid, and presses the maintenance of cement mortar standard curing condition;
Step B, installation test specimen, select the steel filler strip for use, be fixed on three branch places of test specimen, as load(ing) point, the steel plate consistent with test unit adopted in the filler strip top, and size can be identical with test specimen, as charger, the PVDF pressure transducer is closely linked to each other with steel plate, and pressure transducer links to each other with oscillograph through bridge box resistance;
Step C, foil gauge is sticked on the test specimen, and link to each other with dynamic strain indicator through the bridge box;
Distance L on step D, the instrument
02 locate two infrared sensitization instruments and survey the bullet elapsed times, draw the speed of bullet, thereby can measure the curved stress-strain relation of drawing performance of mortar under the different strain rate situation;
Step e, dynamic strain indicator link to each other with oscillograph, then can be by oscillograph recording, dynamic strain indicator can be converted into the strain signal that records on pressure transducer and the test specimen voltage signal and time relation, oscillograph is linked to each other with computer, realize data handling system, improve the test figure storage efficiency;
Step F, incident bar is close to pressure transducer one end, and closely fixing with steel plate and the test specimen of test specimen;
Step G, open the nitrogen valve, drive bullet, make it to launch from bore, by adjusting the reading of controlled pressure table, realize the size of bullet issuing velocity;
The loading speed of step H, adjustment load, repeating step A-step G, thus the mortar that draws under the different strain rate situation is dynamically bent the relation that pulling force is learned the performance stress and strain.
4. mensuration mortar as claimed in claim 3 is dynamically bent the test method that pulling force is learned performance, it is characterized in that, removes the transmission bar device, and the dynamic curved test unit that draws of adopts pressure sensor and mortar is directly measured the dynamic curved pulling force of test specimen and learned performance.
5. mensuration mortar as claimed in claim 3 is dynamically bent the test method that pulling force is learned performance, it is characterized in that, adopt the uniaxial compression test scaling method of direct determination sensor, demarcation to the PVDF pressure transducer, sensor and incident bar and transmission bar is closely fixing, respectively at incident bar, paste foil gauge on the transmission bar, foil gauge is connected with dynamic strain indicator through the bridge box, sensor directly is connected with dynamic strain indicator through bridge box resistance, impact bullet with the curved same rate of strain size of test specimen of drawing, by incident wave, reflection involves the Changing Pattern that transmitted wave draws the loading force of sensor, compare the voltage signal figure of sensor, thereby draw the dynamic calibration size between sensor and the power.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN104406846A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 西安交通大学 | Measurement system and measurement method for stress waves of Hopkinson bars by using flexoelectric effect |
| CN104833599A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-12 | 河海大学 | Testing device and quantitative description method for measuring concrete damage evolution law |
| CN105043895A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-11 | 河海大学 | Testing method and device for flexural toughness of fiber reinforced concrete components |
| CN106018098A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 广东工业大学 | Method for recognizing dynamic tensile property of rubber concrete cylindrical specimen |
| CN106093194A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 河海大学 | The test device of the lower quasi-brittle material stress wave attentuation rule of blast and amount levy method |
| CN106197175A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 中北大学 | Propellant charge strain and displacement integrated measurer under high overload |
| CN106769550A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-05-31 | 河海大学 | The experimental rig and method of Analysis of Concrete Tensile modulus under high strain-rate |
| CN108333044A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-27 | 河海大学 | A kind of power suitable for CT scan, which is split, draws load test equipment |
| CN108645278A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A kind of method of automatically controlled medicament burning transmitting bullet |
| CN108956333A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-07 | 西南交通大学 | Dynamic draws and cuts load testing machine and dynamic tensile shear testing system |
| CN110220775A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | 西南交通大学 | The measuring device of sample transmission rate under a kind of Impulsive load based on light-gas gun |
| CN112461687A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-03-09 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Working condition adjusting device and method for Hopkinson bar sandy soil dynamic compression test |
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Cited By (18)
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| CN104406846A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 西安交通大学 | Measurement system and measurement method for stress waves of Hopkinson bars by using flexoelectric effect |
| CN104833599A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-12 | 河海大学 | Testing device and quantitative description method for measuring concrete damage evolution law |
| CN105043895A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-11 | 河海大学 | Testing method and device for flexural toughness of fiber reinforced concrete components |
| CN106018098A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 广东工业大学 | Method for recognizing dynamic tensile property of rubber concrete cylindrical specimen |
| CN106093194B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-07-12 | 河海大学 | The test device and amount sign method for lower quasi-brittle material stress wave attentuation rule of exploding |
| CN106093194A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 河海大学 | The test device of the lower quasi-brittle material stress wave attentuation rule of blast and amount levy method |
| CN106197175A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 中北大学 | Propellant charge strain and displacement integrated measurer under high overload |
| CN106197175B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-12-08 | 中北大学 | Propellant charge strain and displacement integrated measurer under high overload |
| CN106769550A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-05-31 | 河海大学 | The experimental rig and method of Analysis of Concrete Tensile modulus under high strain-rate |
| CN106769550B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2020-02-21 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for tensile modulus of concrete under high strain rate |
| CN108333044A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-27 | 河海大学 | A kind of power suitable for CT scan, which is split, draws load test equipment |
| CN108333044B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-06-05 | 河海大学 | Power split-pull loading test equipment suitable for CT scanning |
| CN108645278A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-12 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A kind of method of automatically controlled medicament burning transmitting bullet |
| CN108645278B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-07-31 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Method for electrically controlling burning of medicament to launch projectile |
| CN108956333A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-07 | 西南交通大学 | Dynamic draws and cuts load testing machine and dynamic tensile shear testing system |
| CN110220775A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | 西南交通大学 | The measuring device of sample transmission rate under a kind of Impulsive load based on light-gas gun |
| CN112461687A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-03-09 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Working condition adjusting device and method for Hopkinson bar sandy soil dynamic compression test |
| CN112461687B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Working condition adjusting device and method for Hopkinson bar sandy soil dynamic compression test |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |