CN103269105B - Certainly the control multivoltage output system of stand-by power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-control multi-voltage output system of a backup power supply, which includes a mains charging unit, a solar charging unit, a storage battery pack, a charging and discharging protection unit, and a power output unit. The protection unit charges the battery pack in one of the modes. The output end of the charge-discharge protection unit is connected to the input end of the power output unit and discharges and manages the electric energy of the battery pack. The first DC power supply output circuit, the second DC power supply output circuit for outputting 4-6V DC voltage, the third DC power supply output circuit for outputting 10-14V DC voltage and the AC power supply for outputting AC220V/50Hz AC voltage power output circuit. The invention has solar charging and mains charging functions, can realize multi-voltage output functions, integrates various common voltages into one body, and is convenient to carry.

Description

Self-controlled multi-voltage output system for standby power

technical field

The invention relates to power supply equipment, more specifically, to a self-controlling multi-voltage output system of a standby power supply.

Background technique

With more and more applications of consumer electronic products in people's daily life, such as: notebook computers, MP3, MP4, mobile phones, digital cameras, etc., these consumer electronic products have become an indispensable part of people's lives. With the increasing number of consumer electronic products, there will be a problem. Most of the consumer electronic products in the prior art are powered by lithium batteries. A sudden power outage. Although various electronic products are generally equipped with a charger, because the voltage required by each electronic product is different, and the power interface of various electronic products is also different, so there is no way to make the charger universal. When carrying multiple electronic products on business trips or tourism, it is necessary to carry multiple chargers at the same time, which causes a lot of inconvenience. At the same time, current chargers for consumer electronic products only have the functions of voltage conversion and charging, and are powerless without an external power supply.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provide a self-controlling multi-voltage output system that has the functions of mains power and solar charging and integrates multiple common voltages into one backup power supply.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: a self-controlled multi-voltage output system of a backup power supply, which includes a mains charging unit, a solar charging unit, a battery pack, a charging and discharging protection unit, and a power output unit. The mains charging unit and the solar charging unit charge the battery pack in an alternative manner through the charge and discharge protection unit, and the output terminal of the charge and discharge protection unit is connected to the input terminal of the power supply output unit and The electric energy of the battery pack is charged and discharged, and the power output unit includes:

The first DC power output circuit is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the storage battery pack into a 5-36V DC voltage for use by external loads through a synchronous buck-boost method;

The second DC power supply output circuit is used to convert the DC voltage after the battery pack is discharged into a 10-14V DC voltage for use by an external load through a synchronous step-down method;

The third DC power supply output circuit is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the battery pack into a 4-6V DC voltage for use by external loads through a synchronous step-down method; and

The AC power output circuit is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the storage battery into AC220V/50Hz AC voltage for use by external loads.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The present invention has the functions of solar charging and mains charging, strong practicability, easy to carry, and can be used for outdoor operations. For example, in a sunny environment, solar charging can fully charge the battery pack within 5 hours, and mains charging can be completed within 3 hours. ~ 4 hours to complete charging.

2. The power output unit of the present invention includes a first DC power output circuit for outputting a DC voltage of 5-36V, a second DC power output circuit for outputting a DC voltage of 4-6V, and a second DC power output circuit for outputting a DC voltage of 10-14V. The third DC power output circuit and the AC power output circuit for outputting AC220V/50Hz AC voltage can realize multi-voltage output function and integrate various common voltages into one, which can meet the power supply requirements of all electronic products using DC20V, DC5V and DC12V , The AC voltage of AC220V/50Hz conforms to the voltage standard of China, can meet the use of electronic products with a power of less than 500W, and can drive inductive loads (such as motors) within 400W.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the commercial charging unit of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the MPPT circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the battery pack of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the charging and discharging protection unit of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the display unit of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first DC power supply output circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the second DC power supply output circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the third DC power supply output circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of the AC power output circuit of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to illustrate the idea and purpose of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to Figure 1, which shows a self-controlled multi-voltage output system of a backup power supply, which includes a mains charging unit 1, a solar charging unit 2, a battery pack 3, a charging and discharging protection unit 4, a power output unit 5 and display unit6. The self-controlled multi-voltage output system of the backup power supply has the functions of mains power and solar charging and integrates a variety of common voltages into one.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the mains charging unit 1 includes a rectifier 11 , a PWM control chip N5 , a MOS transistor Q19 , a transformer 12 , an optocoupler 13 and a constant current/constant voltage device 14 . The mains charging unit 1 converts the input voltage of AC100-240V into DC21.6V/6A output, charges the battery pack 3, and has the function of constant current and constant voltage. Since the mains charging unit 1 is a prior art, it will not be repeated here.

As shown in FIG. 3, the solar charging unit 2 is composed of a solar panel 21 and an MPPT circuit 22. The MPPT circuit 22 detects the generated voltage of the solar panel 21 in real time, and tracks the highest voltage and current value to charge the battery pack with the highest efficiency. Wherein, the output voltage of the solar panel 21 is 21-27V, and the MPPT circuit 22 includes a PWM control chip N4, MOS transistors Q9, Q10, resistor R5, inductor L4, capacitors C10, C11, and a diode D1, and the PWM control chip N4 is connected to the MOS transistor The gates of Q9 and Q10 are connected and output drive signals to control the conduction or cut-off of MOS transistors Q9 and Q10, the current is output through MOS transistors Q9 and Q10, and the output current is automatically adjusted. One end of the inductor L4 is connected to the source of MOS transistor Q9 and Between the drains of the MOS transistor Q10, the other end is connected to the resistor R5, the resistor R5 is a current detection resistor, the anodes of the capacitors C10 and C11 and the anode of the diode D1 are respectively connected to the resistor R5, the negative electrodes of the capacitors C10 and C11 are grounded, and the MPPT circuit 22 The output voltage is 20.8V. The solar charging unit 2 enhances the environmental protection of the present invention, and also expands the applicable environment of the present invention.

The mains charging unit 1 and the solar charging unit 2 charge the battery pack 3 in an alternative way through the charge and discharge protection unit 4 , and the solar panel 21 charges the battery pack 3 when there is no mains power input. In a sunny environment, solar charging can fully charge the storage battery within 5 hours, and commercial charging can complete charging within 3 to 4 hours.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the battery pack 3 is composed of several single-cell lithium batteries connected in series and in parallel. In this embodiment, the model of the storage battery pack 3 is preferably 18650 or 26700. The 18650 is designed with 5 lithium battery packs connected in series and 12 parallel connected, and the 26700 is designed with 5 lithium battery packs connected in series and 6 parallel connected. The voltage of a single lithium battery is 2.8-4.2V, and the output voltage of the battery pack 3 is 14.8-21V.

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the input end of the charging and discharging protection unit 4 is connected to the output end of the storage battery pack 3, and the output end of the charging and discharging protection unit 4 is connected to the input end of the power supply output unit 5 and the electric energy of the storage battery pack 3 is connected. Carry out charge and discharge management. Specifically, the charge and discharge protection unit 4 includes a charge and discharge management chip U1 , MOS transistors Q11 , Q12 , Q13 , Q14 , Q15 , Q16 , Q17 , Q18 and resistors R6 and R7 . Among them, the drains of the MOS transistors Q11, Q12, Q13, and Q14 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the battery pack 3, the sources of the MOS transistors Q11, Q12, Q13, and Q14 are grounded after passing through the resistor R6, and the MOS transistors Q11, Q12, Q13, The gate of Q14 is respectively connected to the input terminal of the charge and discharge management chip U1, the MOS tubes Q11, Q12, Q13, and Q14 are charge control MOS tubes, and the resistor R6 is a current detection resistor. If the charging current is too large or the charging voltage is too high, Or after the battery is fully charged, the battery will be turned off by itself. The drains of MOS transistors Q15, Q16, Q17, and Q18 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the power output unit 5, the sources of MOS transistors Q15, Q16, Q17, and Q18 are grounded after passing through resistor R7, and the MOS transistors Q15, Q16, Q17, and Q18 The grids of the charging and discharging management chips are respectively connected to the output terminals of the charge and discharge management chip U1. MOS tubes Q15, Q16, Q17, and Q18 are output control MOS tubes, and the output voltage is 14.8-21V. The resistor R7 is a current detection resistor. If the discharge current is too large, Or the load is short-circuited, or when the voltage is lower than 14.8V, it will automatically shut down to protect the battery.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 , the display unit 6 is connected to the output end of the charging and discharging protection unit 4 , and is used for displaying the working status and charging status of the battery pack 3 . Wherein, display unit 6 comprises MCU61, comparator 62, nixie tube 63, light-emitting diode D2, D3 and Buck converter 64, and MCU61 is connected with comparator 62, nixie tube 63 and Buck converter 64 respectively, and MCU61 passes comparator 62 and The buck converter 64 monitors the voltage at the output terminal of the charge-discharge protection unit 4 and drives the digital tube 63 for display. The nixie tube 63 displays the voltage segment of the storage battery pack 3 in the working state, which is displayed in numbers of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The monitoring point of the display unit 6 is the output terminal of the charge and discharge protection unit 4. When the voltage is lower than When it is 15.8V, A/D conversion is performed through MCU61, and digital tube 63 is driven to display number 1, and so on, when 2 is displayed, it is 16.8V. Light-emitting diodes D2 and D3 are set as red and green LEDs for displaying charging status.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the power output unit 5 includes a first DC power output circuit 51 , a second DC power output circuit 52 , a third DC power output circuit 53 and an AC power output circuit 54 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the first DC power supply output circuit 51 is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the battery pack 3 into a 5-36V DC voltage for use by external loads through a synchronous buck-boost method. Specifically, the first DC power supply output circuit 51 includes a PWM control chip N1, MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, resistors R1, R2, inductor L1, and capacitors C2, C3. The PWM control chip N1 is connected to the MOS transistors Q1, The gates of Q2, Q3, and Q4 are connected and output drive signals to control the conduction or cut-off of MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. The current is output through MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. One end of the inductor L1 is connected to the MOS transistor Between the source of Q1 and the drain of MOS transistor Q2, the other end is connected between the source of MOS transistor Q3 and the drain of MOS transistor Q4, the sources of MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 are connected to resistor R2 and grounded, and resistor R1 One end of the capacitor is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q3, the other end is connected to the positive electrodes of the capacitors C2 and C3, and the negative electrodes of the capacitors C2 and C3 are grounded. The first DC power supply output circuit 51 can output any value in DC5-36V, the maximum current is 5A, the maximum power is 180W, and the high efficiency is over 94%. It is suitable for DC20V/5A DC power supply appliances.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the second DC power supply output circuit 52 is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the battery pack 3 into a 10-14V DC voltage for use by external loads through synchronous step-down. Specifically, the second DC power supply output circuit 52 includes a PWM control chip N2, MOS transistors Q5 and Q6, a resistor R3, an inductor L2, and capacitors C4 and C5. The PWM control chip N2 is respectively connected to the gates of the MOS transistors Q5 and Q6 and outputs The drive signal controls the on or off of the MOS transistors Q5 and Q6, and the current is output through the MOS transistors Q5 and Q6. One end of the inductor L2 is connected between the source of the MOS transistor Q5 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q6, and the other end is connected to the resistor R3 , the positive poles of capacitors C4 and C5 are connected to resistor R3, and the negative poles of capacitors C4 and C5 are grounded. The second DC power supply output circuit 52 can output any value in DC10-14V, the maximum current is 5A, the maximum power is 70W, and the high efficiency is over 92%. It is suitable for DC12V/4A DC power supply appliances.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the third DC power supply output circuit 53 is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the battery pack 3 into a 4-6V DC voltage for use by external loads through a synchronous step-down method. Specifically, the third DC power supply output circuit 53 includes a PWM control chip N3, MOS transistors Q7, Q8, a resistor R4, an inductor L3, and capacitors C7, C8. The PWM control chip N3 is respectively connected to the gates of the MOS transistors Q7, Q8 and outputs The drive signal controls the on or off of the MOS transistors Q7 and Q8, the current is output through the MOS transistors Q7 and Q8, one end of the inductor L3 is connected between the source of the MOS transistor Q7 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q8, and the other end is connected to the resistor R4 , the positive poles of capacitors C7 and C8 are connected to resistor R4, and the negative poles of capacitors C7 and C8 are grounded. The third DC power supply output circuit 53 can output any value in DC4-6V, the maximum current is 5A, the maximum power is 30W, and the high efficiency is over 90%. It is suitable for DC5V/4A DC power supply appliances.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the AC power output circuit 54 is used to convert the discharged DC voltage of the battery pack 3 into an AC voltage of AC220V/50Hz for use by external loads. The AC power supply output circuit 54 includes a DC/AC converter connected to the output terminal of the charge-discharge protection unit 4. The DC/AC converter can convert the voltage of DC15-21V into the power of AC220V/50Hz/2.5A for continuous output. The peak power is 1300W, and the duration is less than 5 seconds. It is suitable for electrical appliances powered by AC220V/3A. At the same time, AC220V/50Hz conforms to the voltage standard of China, which can meet the use of electrical appliances with a power of less than 500W, and can drive inductive loads within 400W. , such as: electric motor.

To sum up, the battery pack 3 can store a certain amount of electric energy through the mains charging unit 1 and the solar charging unit 2, and output it through various types of power output circuits, and can charge mobile phones, flashlights, notebook computers and other electrical appliances in real time. The invention is easy to carry and can be used for outdoor operations.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of a stand-by power supply, it is characterized in that: comprise commercial power charged unit (1), solar charging electric unit (2), batteries (3), charge and discharge protecting unit (4) and power output unit (5), described commercial power charged unit (1) and described solar charging electric unit (2) are charged to described batteries (3) to select a mode by described charge and discharge protecting unit (4), the output of described charge and discharge protecting unit (4) is connected with the input of described power output unit (5) and carries out management of charging and discharging to the electric energy of described batteries (3), described power output unit (5) comprising:

First DC power supply output circuit (51), becomes 5 ~ 36V direct voltage for external loading for the direct voltage after described batteries (3) being discharged by synchronization lifting pressure mode;

Second DC power supply output circuit (52), becomes 10 ~ 14V direct voltage for external loading for the direct voltage after described batteries (3) being discharged by synchronous buck mode;

3rd DC power supply output circuit (53), becomes 4 ~ 6V direct voltage for external loading for the direct voltage after described batteries (3) being discharged by synchronous buck mode; And

AC power output circuit (54), converts the alternating voltage of AC220V/50Hz to for external loading for the direct voltage after described batteries (3) being discharged;

Wherein, described charge and discharge protecting unit (4) comprises management of charging and discharging chip U1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16, Q17, Q18 and resistance R6, R7, described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, Q12, Q13, the drain electrode of Q14 is connected with the output of described batteries (3) respectively, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, Q12, Q13, the source electrode of Q14 is by ground connection after resistance R6, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11, Q12, Q13, the grid of Q14 is connected with the input of management of charging and discharging chip U1 respectively, described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q15, Q16, Q17, the drain electrode of Q18 is connected with the input of described power output unit (5) respectively, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q15, Q16, Q17, the source electrode of Q18 is by ground connection after resistance R7, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q15, Q16, Q17, the grid of Q18 is connected with the output of management of charging and discharging chip U1 respectively.

2. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first DC power supply output circuit (51) comprises pwm chip N1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, resistance R1, R2, inductance L 1 and electric capacity C2, C3, described pwm chip N1 respectively with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, the grid of Q4 connects and output drive signal controls metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, the conducting of Q4 or cut-off, electric current is by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 exports, one end of described inductance L 1 is connected between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the other end is connected between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, described metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, ground connection after the source electrode contact resistance R2 of Q4, one end of described resistance R1 connects the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, the other end connects electric capacity C2, the positive pole of C3, described electric capacity C2, the minus earth of C3.

3. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second DC power supply output circuit (52) comprises pwm chip N2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, Q6, resistance R3, inductance L 2 and electric capacity C4, C5, described pwm chip N2 respectively with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, the grid of Q6 connects and output drive signal controls metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, the conducting of Q6 or cut-off, electric current is by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, Q6 exports, one end of described inductance L 2 is connected between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, other end contact resistance R3, described electric capacity C4, the positive pole of C5 is connected with resistance R3, electric capacity C4, the minus earth of C5.

4. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 3rd DC power supply output circuit (53) comprises pwm chip N3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, Q8, resistance R4, inductance L 3 and electric capacity C7, C8, described pwm chip N3 respectively with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, the grid of Q8 connects and output drive signal controls metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, the conducting of Q8 or cut-off, electric current is by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7, Q8 exports, one end of described inductance L 3 is connected between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q7 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8, other end contact resistance R4, described electric capacity C7, the positive pole of C8 is connected with resistance R4, electric capacity C7, the minus earth of C8.

5. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described AC power output circuit (54) comprises the DC/AC transducer be connected with the output of described charge and discharge protecting unit (4).

6. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described batteries (3) adopts series and parallel connections mode to connect to form by some single lithium battery.

7. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solar charging electric unit (2) is made up of solar panels (21) and MPPT circuit (22), the generating voltage of solar panels (21) described in described MPPT circuit (22) detecting real-time, and follow the trail of ceiling voltage current value, with the highest efficiency to described batteries (3) charging, described MPPT circuit (22) comprises pwm chip N4, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, Q10, resistance R5, inductance L 4, electric capacity C10, C11 and diode D1, described pwm chip N4 respectively with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, the grid of Q10 connects and output drive signal controls metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, the conducting of Q10 or cut-off, electric current is by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9, Q10 exports, and one end of described inductance L 4 is connected between the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q10, other end contact resistance R5, described electric capacity C10, the positive pole of C11 is connected with resistance R5 respectively with the anode of diode D1, electric capacity C10, the minus earth of C11.

8. the multivoltage of the control certainly output system of stand-by power supply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the display unit (6) for the operating state and charged state that show described batteries (3) be connected with the output of described charge and discharge protecting unit (4), described display unit (6) comprises MCU (61), comparator (62), charactron (63), light-emitting diode D2, D3 and Buck converter (64), described MCU (61) respectively with comparator (62), charactron (63) is connected with Buck converter (64), described MCU (61) monitors the voltage of the output of described charge and discharge protecting unit (4) by comparator (62) and Buck converter (64), charactron (63) is driven to show.