CN103264422A - Corn straw leaf, peel and pitch separation method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for separating leaves, skins and pith of corn stalks, belonging to the field of agricultural engineering. For the comprehensive utilization of corn stalks, the need for separation of leaves, skins and pith, the whole stalk is fed horizontally to cut off, separate the stalks and leaves, and then crush the stalks to separate the skin and pith. The equipment used is composed of cutting machine, pulverizer and air separation equipment. The method and equipment for separating corn stalks disclosed by the present invention have the following advantages: (1) making full use of the characteristics of raw materials to complete the separation process while cutting and crushing; (2) the equipment has low energy consumption, high efficiency, and large processing capacity; (3) ) The equipment has good adaptability, and at the same time separates inconvenient parts such as roots and stalks.

Description

A method and equipment for separating leaves, hulls and pith of corn stalks

technical field

The invention relates to equipment for processing corn stalks, which belongs to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to a method for separating leaves, skins and pith of corn stalks and equipment thereof.

Background technique

my country is a large agricultural country, with large crop straw output, many types and wide distribution. Among them, the production of corn stalks is concentrated. However, due to the great differences in the physical properties of the leaves, bark and pith of corn stalks, it is difficult to directly process and utilize them in a mixed state. The leaves of corn stalks can be used as raw materials for animal feed; the skins can be used as raw materials for wood-based panels; the pith can be used as raw materials for making packaging cushioning materials, but when the pith core is mixed in the skins, the performance of wood-based panels will be reduced.

In the processing and utilization of corn stalks, it is necessary to separate the leaves, skins and pith to make different products. In order to comprehensively utilize a large amount of discarded corn stalks by engineering methods, a method and equipment for mechanized crushing and separation of different components such as leaves, husks and pith of corn stalks are needed.

In order to improve the mechanization degree of raw material treatment in corn stalk comprehensive utilization project, the invention discloses a method and equipment for separating different components such as leaves, bark and pith while the corn stalk raw material is crushed.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the many inconveniences of mechanized separation during the separation and utilization of corn stalks, and providing supporting raw material processing equipment for the corn stalk comprehensive utilization production line to meet the needs of industrial production, the invention discloses different components such as leaves, skins and pith of corn stalks crushing, separation methods and equipment.

The method for separating the leaves, bark and pith of corn stalks in the technical scheme of the above invention is: first feed the corn stalks horizontally and saw them into short-section stems, and use the difference in aerodynamic characteristics between the leaves and the short-section stems to separate the leaves At the same time, the root of the corn stalk and the sawn part of the two sides are also separated; then the short section of the sawed stalk is crushed, and the crushed mixed raw material is discharged from the pulverizer, and it is cut close to the ground under the discharge port of the pulverizer. A horizontal airflow pipe is arranged at the position, and the pith in the mixed raw material discharged from the pulverizer is blown to the The distance is farther than the skin, so as to achieve the separation of the skin and pith.

The technical scheme of the separation method and equipment for realizing the above method of corn stalk leaves, husks and pith is as follows: the first step is to feed the whole stalks of corn stalks horizontally into the cutting machine, and cut them into multi-segment short-section stems; The cut stalks are not separated from the roots and stalks; the third step is to separate the cut stalks from the leaves with an air flow; the fourth step is to crush the cut stalks with a grinder and then from The fifth step is to use the airflow close to the ground to blow away the pith in the pulverized material discharged from the pulverizer and separate it from the skin; the sixth step is to use manual or mechanical devices to hang the skin and pith to one side for centralized collection; The short section stalk cut by the horizontal cutting machine described in the first step is shorter than the length of the natural section of the stalk; the cutting machine is composed of a feeding mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a discharge mechanism; the cutting mechanism is installed on the same The multi-disc saw blade 1 on the shaft 2, the transmission mechanism 3 and the motor 4 are composed; the length of the cutting mechanism is close to the length of the corn stalk; The air flow pipe 6 and the fan 8 are formed; the air flow pipe 6 is arranged on the lower part of the discharge port of the pulverizer close to the ground, and one end is sealed, and the blowing ports 7 on it are evenly arranged in a straight line; the air flow pipe 6 The wind speed and the angle formed by the blowing port 7 can be adjusted.

The corn stalk separation method and equipment disclosed in the present invention have the following advantages:

(1) Make full use of the characteristics of raw materials, and complete the separation process while crushing in batches;

(2) The equipment has low energy consumption, high efficiency and large processing capacity;

(3) The equipment has good adaptability, and at the same time separates inconvenient parts such as roots and stalks.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the separation process

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cutting device

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the crushing and separating device

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the airflow pipe structure

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan and the airflow pipe

The meanings of the legend marks in the attached drawings are as follows:

1-circular saw blade, 2-axis, 3-transmission mechanism, 4-motor, 5-crusher, 6-airflow pipe, 7-air blowing port, 8-fan

Detailed ways

Provide specific embodiments below in conjunction with accompanying drawings.

One embodiment of the present invention is to manually feed corn stalks to the cutting machine horizontally, cut the whole stalks horizontally into short joints and throw them out, separate the leaves with airflow, and simultaneously discharge and separate the roots and stalks sawed off on both sides, The separated short-stem stalks are sent to the pulverizer 5 by a conveying device and then discharged after pulverization. An air flow pipe 6 is arranged at the lower part of the pulverizer outlet. The skin is separated, and the skin and pith are scraped out and collected separately by a mechanical device.

The present invention can also be made into operating models for manual and mechanical transportation according to the needs of production capacity, and cutting devices suitable for different lengths of corn stalks, etc., all of which constitute other embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for separating leaves, skins and pith of corn stalks, which is completed through cutting, separation, crushing and separation processes, and is characterized in that in the first step, the whole stalks of corn stalks are horizontally fed into the cutting machine and cut into multiple short sections stalks; the second step is to separate the short stalks cut from both sides from the roots and thin parts; the third step is to separate the cut short stalks from the leaves with an air flow; the fourth step is to use a shredder to separate the cut stalks The short-stem stalks are crushed and discharged from the pulverizer; the fifth step is to use an airflow separation mechanism close to the ground to blow off the pith in the pulverized material discharged from the pulverizer and separate it from the skin; the sixth step is to use manual or mechanical devices Hang the skin and pith aside and collect them together. 2. A method for separating leaves, skins and pith of corn stalks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of short joints cut transversely by the cutting machine described in the first step is less than the length of natural joints of the stems. 3. A kind of equipment that implements the separation method of corn stalk leaves, skin and pith described in claim 1, the cutting machine that the whole stalk of corn stalk is fed horizontally described in the first step is composed of a feeding mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a discharge mechanism. Mechanism composition, characterized in that: the cutting mechanism is composed of multiple circular saw blades [1], transmission mechanism [3] and motor [4] installed on the same shaft [2], the length of the cutting mechanism is close to that of corn The length of the straw. 4. a kind of equipment that implements the separation method of corn stalk leaf, husk, pith described in claim 1, the separation mechanism described in the 5th step is made of the discharge opening of pulverizer [5], air flow pipe [6] and blower fan [8] constitutes, and it is characterized in that: air flow pipe [6] is arranged on the lower part of pulverizer [5] discharge port close to the ground, and one end is sealed, and the blowing port [7] on it is evenly arranged in a straight line. 5. The airflow pipe [6] according to claim 4, characterized in that: the wind speed and the angle formed by the air outlet [7] can be adjusted.

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