CN103252685A - 具有a 轴的机床 - Google Patents

具有a 轴的机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103252685A
CN103252685A CN2013100490773A CN201310049077A CN103252685A CN 103252685 A CN103252685 A CN 103252685A CN 2013100490773 A CN2013100490773 A CN 2013100490773A CN 201310049077 A CN201310049077 A CN 201310049077A CN 103252685 A CN103252685 A CN 103252685A
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China
Prior art keywords
workpiece
balladeur train
rocking arm
cross balladeur
cutter shaft
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CN2013100490773A
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H·舒斯特尔
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EMAG Holding GmbH
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EMAG Holding GmbH
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Publication of CN103252685A publication Critical patent/CN103252685A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/64—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by the purpose of the movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/4857—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/15513—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling the tool being taken from a storage device and transferred to a tool holder by means of transfer devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15726—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle
    • B23Q3/15733—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle the axis of the stored tools being arranged in the rotating or circulating plane of the storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
    • B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/03—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of endless chain conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305824—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/16—Tool changing with means to transfer work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1705—Tool support comprises rotary spindle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1714—Tool changer between tool support and matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1748—Tool changer between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1752—Tool changer between spindle and matrix including tool holder pivotable about axis
    • Y10T483/1755—Plural tool holders pivotable about common axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2514—Lathe with work feeder or remover

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有A轴的机床，其用于加工工件(15)，该机床包括：机座(2)，其具有前壁(3)和相互平行间隔的两个侧壁(19,19’)；工件夹(9)，其能够被驱动转动；带有刀具(16)的刀轴(26)；十字滑架(5)；摇臂(20)，其能够绕水平轴转动，十字滑架(5)能够在该前壁(3)上沿竖向导向机构(4)(Z轴)导向移动并且本身具有水平导向机构(8)，工件夹和刀轴通过十字滑架能够在水平方向(X轴)和竖向方向(Z轴)上在平面E内彼此相对地导向移动，摇臂能够在垂直于平面E的水平方向(Y轴)上移动，摇臂可绕A轴(13)转动地支承在两个侧向撑杆(23,23’)中，撑杆在每个侧壁上通过导轨(21,21’)被引导，为了该摇臂(20)的水平运动而设有至少一个驱动装置(25,25’)，该驱动装置与两个撑杆处于有效连接中。

Description

具有A 轴的机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于加工被驱动转动的工件的、具有A轴的机床。
背景技术
在现有技术中已经知道了这样的机床。DE 10 2005 039 818 A1示出了一种加工中心，其具备竖向的主轴和可绕转动轴转动的刀架，该刀架可在Y轴方向上移动。在刀架上，刀轴安装在曲柄形摇臂里。为了能将刀从刀库换入刀轴中，该摇臂在一侧支承在机座中。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种根据权利要求1前序部分的、具有紧凑结构和改善的机床刚性的机床。该任务将利用具有权利要求1特征的装置来完成。有利的实施方式是从属权利要求的主题。
根据本发明的一个有利的方案，可在机床坐标系的Y轴方向上移动的摇臂以两个侧撑杆在机座的相互平行对置的侧壁上沿导轨导向移动。在该摇臂上装有刀轴或工件夹，并且该摇臂可转动支承在撑杆内以产生可绕A轴的转动运动。特别有利的是，用于调整滑架位置的驱动力通过这两个撑杆被对称输入。利用这样的布置结构获得了对称的传力路线。这对机床刚性产生非常积极的影响。该机床可以有利地按照拾取原理(Pick-Up Prinzip)工作。此时，工件夹连同用于工件的卡盘悬置在十字滑架上，可以沿水平方向和竖向方向移动。为了装卸工件，工件夹从加工位置运动至装载位置。在另一个实施方式中，工件夹以转动台形式构成并且设置在摇臂上，而刀轴可通过十字滑架来移动。可以在侧面设有刀库和用于更换刀的换刀装置。有利地，用于转动台装卸件的抓手可以在十字滑架上移动。因为机床刚性高，所以，机床非常好地适用于高精度铣削加工或还有磨削或珩磨。
附图说明
以下将结合实施例来详细说明本发明，其中：
图1以前视图示出了机床，
图2示出了根据图1的机床的截面，和
图3示出了机床连同悬置的刀轴。
附图标记列表
1机床；2机座；3前壁；4竖向导向机构；5十字滑架；6马达；7滚珠丝杠；8水平导向机构；9工件夹；10马达；11滚珠丝杠；12装载位置；13A轴；14卡盘；15工件；16刀；17输送机构；18加工位置；19,19’侧壁；20摇臂；21,21’导轨；22可逆式电动机；23,23’撑杆；24导靴；25,25’驱动装置；26刀轴；27转动台；28刀库；29换刀装置；30抓手。
具体实施方式
图1以示意图示出了机床1。机座2以具有方形横截面的支柱的形式构成并具有竖向的侧壁19、19’和同样竖向的前壁3，该前壁具有用于十字滑架5的竖向导向机构4。十字滑架在Z轴方向上被马达6和滚珠丝杠7数控驱动。在十字滑架5上安装有多个水平导向机构8。工件夹9可在该水平导向机构上在X轴方向上移动。导向机构8侧向延伸超出工作空间，从而工件夹9可被马达10通过滚珠丝杠11从加工位置18移动到紧接在输送机构17上方的装载位置12。工件夹9按照拾取原理工作并在其底面上装有卡盘14用于抓取、夹紧和驱动该工件15。在机座2的下部中，可沿Y轴方向移动地设有包括刀轴26和刀16的摇臂20。摇臂20可绕A轴13转动地两侧安装在撑杆23、23’中。撑杆23和23’可在侧壁19、19’上在水平导轨21、21’上运动。这些导轨21、21’容纳在位于侧壁19、19’上的对应导靴24中。相反，导靴24也可以设置在撑杆29、29’上而导轨21、21’设置在侧壁上。刀16呈铣刀形式。图2示出了沿线A-A剖视的机床截面。在机座2的侧壁19、19’上示出了多个导轨21、21’，撑杆23、23’在导靴24处沿导轨在Y轴方向导向运动。该运动利用驱动装置25、25’来进行，该驱动装置由两个马达以及滚珠丝杠组成。呈铣刀形式的刀16连同刀轴26可绕A轴13转动地安装在摇臂20上。可逆式电动机22作为用于转动运动的驱动装置，该可逆式电动机例如通过蜗轮蜗杆传动装置造成所述转动运动。
在根据图3的机床1中，刀轴26悬置在十字滑架5上。为了接纳工件15，在摇臂20上设有转动台27。工件装卸通过抓手30进行，抓手可在十字滑架5上在装载位置12和转动台27之间移动。在机床右侧设有刀库28，刀库例如可以呈链条库或圆盘库的形式。换刀装置29根据需要更换掉刀轴26内的刀16。
通过对称的传力路线和相对大的导轨21、21’间距，因为有非常好的导向情况而获得很高的机床刚性。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于加工工件(15)的机床(1)，其包括：
机座(2)，其具有前壁(3)和相互平行间隔的两个侧壁(19,19’)；
工件夹(9)，其能够被驱动转动；
带有刀具(16)的刀轴(26)；
十字滑架(5)；
摇臂(20)，其能够绕水平轴转动，
其中，该十字滑架(5)能够在该前壁(3)上沿竖向导向机构(4)(Z轴)导向移动，并且该十字滑架(5)本身具有水平导向机构(8)，
其中，该工件夹(9)和该刀轴(26)通过该十字滑架(5)能够在水平方向(X轴)和竖向方向(Z轴)上在平面E内彼此相对地导向移动，
其中，该摇臂(20)能够在垂直于该平面E的水平方向(Y轴)上移动，
其特征是，
该摇臂(20)按照能够绕A轴(13)转动的方式支承在两个侧向撑杆(23,23’)中，所述撑杆(23,23’)在所述两个侧壁(19,19’)中的每一个上通过导轨(21,21’)被引导，并且为了该摇臂(20)的水平运动而设有至少一个驱动装置(25,25’)，该驱动装置与两个撑杆(23,23’)处于有效连接中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机床(1)，
其中，该工件夹(9)设置在该十字滑架(5)上，并且该刀轴(26)设置在该摇臂(20)上，
其中，该工件夹(9)具有用于夹设、容纳、驱动并安放该工件(15)的卡盘(14)，
其中，为了输送该工件(15)而设有具有装载位置(12)的输送机构(17)，
其特征是，
该工件夹(9)能够从加工位置(18)移动至装载位置(12)，在所述加工位置(18)能够加工该工件(15)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的机床(1)，其中，该工件夹(9)呈转动台(27)形式，其特征是，该转动台(27)设置在该摇臂(20)上，并且该刀轴(26)设置在该十字滑架(5)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的机床(1)，其特征是，在该十字滑架(5)上可移动地设有用于对该转动台(27)进行装载卸载的抓手(30)。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的机床(1)，其具有刀具库(28)，其特征是，设有用于将刀具(16)换入该刀轴(26)的换刀装置(29)。
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