CN103226448B - The driving method of solid state hard disc and device - Google Patents
The driving method of solid state hard disc and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103226448B CN103226448B CN201310093035.XA CN201310093035A CN103226448B CN 103226448 B CN103226448 B CN 103226448B CN 201310093035 A CN201310093035 A CN 201310093035A CN 103226448 B CN103226448 B CN 103226448B
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Abstract
The invention discloses driving method and the device of a kind of solid state hard disc, the method includes: the record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;Block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order, and wherein I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer;I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Solid state hard disc is driven according to the operational order of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives.By technique scheme, the present invention can effectively reduce the process time, and can reduce power consumption and cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic information technical field, particularly relate to the driving side of a kind of solid state hard disc
Method and device.
Background technology
The architecture design of Linux I/O (Input/Output, input/output) subsystem is by main flow at that time
Storage medium impact, the disk of the most mechanically-based rotation, the I/O performance of mechanical disk always with
It it is all the bottleneck of system.In order to enable to make good use of limited magnetic disc i/o resource, Linux to greatest extent
Introduce I/O scheduler (I/O scheduler) in the design of I/O subsystem, utilize I/O scheduler pair
The I/O operation request repeat, being connected merges, and according to the order direction of sector to I/O operation
Request sequence, thus reduce the magnetic disc i/o number of times actually occurred and disk tracking time.
Along with the development of storing technology, storage medium also there occurs great variety, but existing I/O
Scheduler is used till today always.The overall goal of I/O scheduler is desirable to allow the magnetic head can be the most past
One direction is moved, and moves to the end and walks toward opposite direction, during to reduce the tracking of mechanical disk magnetic head
Between, this realization is thus referred to as I/O dispatching algorithm.In order to adapt to different application scenarios, performance,
The demand of ageing aspect, linux kernel starts to introduce 4 kinds of different I/O scheduling from 2.6
Algorithm, to optimize magnetic disc i/o performance, these 4 kinds of different I/O for different types of application program
Dispatching algorithm includes: CFQ (the complete Fair Queue of Completely Fair Queuing) algorithm,
Deadline (deadline date) algorithm, Noop (without intervening) algorithm, Anticipatory (expects)
Algorithm.The dispatching algorithm of existing I/O dispatch layer can be to mechanical type disk under sequential I/O operates
I/O performance play obvious effect of optimization, but be as the development of technology, use flash memory particle
The solid state hard disc of (flash disk) starts gradually to replace the mechanical disk with mechanical disk magnetic head.
Owing to flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, its disc rotation used with mechanical disk
Read-write mode completely different, the dispatching algorithm of the most existing I/O dispatch layer is for solid state hard disc
For, often increase processes complexity, and prolongation processes the time, thus causes power consumption and cost
Waste.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention is mainly solving the technical problems that provide the driving side of a kind of solid state hard disc
Method and device, when processing the I/O operation for solid state hard disc and asking, can effectively process in simplification
Journey, and can effectively reduce the process time, to reduce power consumption and cost.
First aspect provides the driving method of a kind of solid state hard disc, and the method is applied to operating system,
Operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, and the method includes: connect
The record that receipts generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;Form is asked to turn block I/O
Being changed to record the I/O operation request of operational order, wherein I/O operation request is I/O dispatch layer
Basic operation unit;I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request team of I/O dispatch layer
The empty position of row;I/O operation request is obtained, by I/O from the empty position of I/O device request queue
Operation requests is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Please according to the I/O operation that Block Device Driver layer receives
The operational order seeking middle record drives solid state hard disc.
In the first possible implementation of first aspect, operational order includes reading instruction and writes
Any one or two kinds in instruction.
In the implementation that the second of first aspect is possible, block I/O request is set to bio knot
Structure body, I/O operation request is set to request structure.
In the third possible implementation of first aspect, operating system includes that linux operates
System or unix operating system.
Second aspect provides the driving means of a kind of solid state hard disc, and this driving means is applied to operation system
System, operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, and this device includes:
Block I/O request receiver module, the record sent for receiving generic block layer has the block I/O of operational order
Request;Format converting module, for asking form to be converted to record operational order block I/O
I/O operation ask, I/O operation request for I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;Insert module,
For I/O operation request being inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;I/O
Operation requests acquisition module, please for obtaining I/O operation from the empty position of I/O device request queue
Ask, I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Drive module, for according to block device
The operational order that the I/O operation driving layer to receive records in asking drives solid state hard disc.
In the first possible implementation of second aspect, operational order includes reading instruction and writes
Any one or two kinds in instruction.
In the implementation that the second of second aspect is possible, block I/O request is set to bio knot
Structure body, I/O operation request is set to request structure.
In the third possible implementation of second aspect, operating system includes that linux operates
System or unix operating system.
Being different from the situation of prior art, the embodiment of the present invention is mainly solving the technical problems that provide
The driving method of a kind of solid state hard disc and device, the method and device are applied to operating system, pass through
I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer, from this
Empty queue position acquisition I/O operation is asked, and obtains I/O from the empty position of I/O device request queue
Operation requests, is sent to Block Device Driver layer by I/O operation request, in asking according to I/O operation
The operational order of record drives solid state hard disc, owing to the embodiment of the present invention please not to I/O operation
Ask merge, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated, be therefore more suitable for using flash memory particle
The solid state hard disc of (flash disk), thus when driving solid state hard disc, when effectively can reduce process
Between, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will
The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, aobvious and easy
Insight, the accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for ordinary skill
From the point of view of personnel, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain according to these accompanying drawings
Other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow process signal of the driving method first embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure of the driving means first embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of driving method second embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of driving means second embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, carries out clear, complete to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
The every other embodiment obtained under property work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to the driving method first of solid state hard disc that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are the embodiment of the present invention implement
The schematic flow sheet of example, as it is shown in figure 1, the driving side of the solid state hard disc of embodiment of the present invention offer
Method is applied to operating system, and this operating system includes that generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, block device drive
Dynamic layer.The method comprises the following steps:
Step 101: the record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask.Block
I/O request is the descriptor of block I/O in Linux generic block layer, describes a data in magnetic disk in detail
The information that block I/O is relevant.
Step 102: block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order,
Wherein I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer, is also device driver
Processing object, describing one needs processed I/O operation.
Step 103: I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer
Empty position.Wherein, the queue of I/O device request is block device needs described in linux kernel
One queue of all I/O operations request composition processed.
Step 104: obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, by I/O
Operation requests is sent to Block Device Driver layer.
Step 105: according to the operation of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives
Order-driven solid state hard disc.
Owing to solid state hard disc uses flash memory particle (flash disk), flash memory particle uses sequential system to enter
Row read-write, its reading mechanism is similar with internal memory, and therefore reading solid state hard disc is without carrying out disk tracking,
And solid state hard disc not merging, the dispatching requirement such as sequence to I/O operation request.
Accordingly, because flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, it is used with mechanical disk
The read-write mechanism of disc rotation completely different, therefore I/O operation request is inserted by the embodiment of the present invention
To the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer, from this empty queue position acquisition I/O
Operation requests, obtains I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, is grasped by I/O
Being sent to Block Device Driver layer as request, in asking according to I/O operation, the operational order of record drives
Solid state hard disc.Thus skip I/O operation request is merged, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated,
It is more suitable for using the solid state hard disc of flash memory particle (flash disk), when driving solid state hard disc,
Can effectively reduce the process time, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
It should be noted that above-mentioned operating system can be for example linux operating system or unix
Operating system.
Hereinafter refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention the driving method of solid state hard disc
The flow chart of two embodiments.As it is shown on figure 3, set in the operating system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
It is equipped with file system layer 301, generic block layer 305, I/O dispatch layer 302, Block Device Driver layer 303
And mechanical floor 304.
Wherein, being provided with file system 306 in file system layer 301, file system 306 includes
Multiple page caches 307, page cache 307 includes that block buffer 308, block buffer 308 wrap
Including the request of multiple block I/O, block I/O request is set to bio structure, wherein block I/O request record
Have operational order, file system layer 301 to transmit this block I/O to ask to generic block layer 305.
Generic block layer 305 obtains block I/O request, and sends it to I/O dispatch layer.
I/O dispatch layer 302 is provided with I/O device request queue 311, I/O device request queue 311
Including multiple positions, multiple I/O operations request is separately positioned in multiple position, to set at I/O
Standby request queue 311 arranges, and the position that in Fig. 3, dotted line frame is enclosed is non-empty position, position
Put 320 for empty position.
Block Device Driver layer 303 is provided with storage device driver 313.
Device type set by mechanical floor 304 is solid state hard disc.
Below with reference to Fig. 3, concrete write operation flow process is described in detail, implement in the present invention
In example, when operating system captures the process 305 for writing solid state hard disc, operating system is produced
The block I/O request 309 that raw record has write operation to instruct, block buffer 308 obtains this record and writes
The block I/O of operational order is asked 309 and sends to generic block layer 305.
Obtain block I/O request 309 at generic block layer 305, and send it to I/O dispatch layer 302.
Receive the block I/O request 309 that generic block layer 305 sends, block I/O is asked that 309 forms turn
It is changed to record the I/O operation request 310 of operational order, wherein, made form conversion tool
It is that block I/O that form is bio structure request 309 is converted to form is request knot for body
The I/O operation request 310 of structure body.Bio structure is that the block I/O that is applied to of prior art definition please
A kind of basic structure body asked, request structure be prior art definition be applied to I/O operation
A kind of basic structure body of request.
I/O operation request 310 is inserted into the empty position 320 of I/O device request queue 311.
And obtain I/O operation request 310 from this empty position 320, this I/O operation is asked 310
It is sent to Block Device Driver layer 303.
According to the write operation of record in the I/O operation request 310 that Block Device Driver layer 303 receives
Solid state hard disc 313 in order-driven mechanical floor 304 so that solid state hard disc 313 can write
Action.
It should be noted that above listed embodiment be operational order be the flow process of write command,
And flow process that operational order is reading instruction is similar with above-mentioned flow process, do not repeat in this.
Therefore, in driving method second embodiment of present invention solid state hard disc based on operating system
In, eliminate the I/O scheduling process of complexity in terms of existing technologies, I/O operation is asked
It is placed on the empty position of I/O device request queue, and directly obtains I/O operation from this empty position
Request, owing to omitting complicated I/O scheduling process, therefore can simplify I/O of the prior art association
View stack, shortens the pathdepth of I/O transmission, and the resource consumption and the time delay that reduce I/O transmission are effective
Reduction processes the time, and can reduce power consumption and cost, is more suitable for the height for solid state hard disc also
Send out, the I/O operation of high randomness is asked.
Hereinafter refer to the driving means first that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are the solid state hard discs of the embodiment of the present invention
The apparatus structure schematic diagram of embodiment.The driving means 20 of solid state hard disc is applied to operating system,
Operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, as in figure 2 it is shown, should
Device 20 include block I/O request receiver module 201, format converting module 202, insert module 203,
I/O operation acquisition request module 204 and driving module 205.Wherein:
Block I/O request receiver module 201, the record sent for receiving generic block layer has operation to refer to
The block I/O request of order;
Format converting module 202, has operational order for asking form to be converted to record block I/O
I/O operation request, I/O operation request for I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;
Insert module 203, please for I/O operation request being inserted into the I/O equipment of I/O dispatch layer
Seek the empty position of queue;
I/O operation acquisition request module 204, for obtaining from the empty position of I/O device request queue
I/O operation is asked, and I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;
Drive module 205, remember in the I/O operation request received according to Block Device Driver layer
The operational order of record drives solid state hard disc 206.
Alternatively, any one or two kinds during operational order includes reading instruction and write command.
Alternatively, block I/O request is set to bio structure, and I/O operation request is set to request
Structure.
Alternatively, operating system includes linux operating system or unix operating system.
Owing to flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, its disk used with mechanical disk
The read-write mechanism rotated is completely different, and I/O operation request is inserted into I/O and adjusts by the embodiment of the present invention
The empty position of the I/O device request queue of degree layer, asks from this empty queue position acquisition I/O operation,
Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation request is sent
To Block Device Driver layer, in asking according to I/O operation, the operational order of record drives solid state hard disc.
Thus skip I/O operation request is merged, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated, be more suitable for
In the solid state hard disc of employing flash memory particle (flash disk), when driving solid state hard disc, can be effective
Reduction processes the time, and can reduce power consumption and cost.
Hereinafter refer to driving means the second embodiment that Fig. 4, Fig. 4 are solid state hard discs of the present invention
Structural representation, as shown in Figure 4, the driving means 30 of solid state hard disc of the present invention includes memory
33, processor 31 and bus 35, wherein memory 33 and processor 31 respectively with bus
35 connect, to carry out data interaction by bus 35.
The driving means 30 of solid state hard disc of the present invention is used for driving solid state hard disc 32, solid state hard disc 32
It is connected with bus 35, to carry out data interaction by bus 35 and memory 33, processor 31.
It should be noted that, solid state hard disc 32 can also be that the driving means 30 of solid state hard disc is internal.
In some other embodiment of the present invention, memory 33, processor 31 and solid-state are hard
Dish 32 can not also be directly connected to by bus 35.
Memory 33 can be implemented as the floppy disk of computer, USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only storage
Device (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access
Memory), one or more of magnetic disc or CD etc..
Memory 33 stores following element, executable module or data structure, or it
Subset, or their superset:
Application program 331 includes various application program, such as office application software, mapping software
Or various software for editing, it is used for realizing various applied business, in embodiments of the present invention, applies journey
Sequence 331 can be for the process operating solid state hard disc 32 in activation manipulation system 332, should
Process includes writing the process of solid state hard disc 32, the process reading solid state hard disc 32 or erasing solid-state
The process of storage content in hard disk 32.
Operating system 332 includes various system program, the such as file system layer shown in Fig. 1, logical
With block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer and mechanical floor etc., it is used for realizing various basis
Business and process hardware based task.
In embodiments of the present invention, processor 31 (should by the program calling storage in memory 33
Program can be realized by application program, it is also possible to is realized by operating system, by operation
When system realizes, specifically the kernel of operating system can be recompilated, with new operation
System kernel form stores in an operating system), perform to operate as follows:
The record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;
Block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order, wherein I/O
Operation requests is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer;
I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;
Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation is asked
It is sent to Block Device Driver layer;
Drive solid according to the operational order of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives
State hard disk 32.
Further, the terminal device that the embodiment of the present invention provides can also include input equipment, uses
Family can use input equipment to input the order operating solid state hard disc 32 to application program,
So that activation manipulation system to be used for the process operating solid state hard disc 32, real at some other
Executing in example, the order operating solid state hard disc 32 can also arise directly from operating system.
Input equipment can be implemented as touch-screen, mouse, keyboard etc..
Modules is connected by bus 35 as shown in Figure 4, and this bus 35 can be ISA
(Industry Standard Architecture, industry standard architecture) bus, PCI
(Peripheral Component, external equipment interconnects) bus or EISA (Extended Industry
Standard Architecture, extended industry-standard architecture) bus etc..Described bus 35 can
To be one or more physical circuit, address bus, number can be divided into when being a plurality of physical circuit
According to bus, control bus etc..In some other implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is real
The modules that executing example provides can not also connect by the way of bus 35, and passes according to signal
Relation of passing directly sets up communication connection.
It should be noted that, in memory 33, the Module Division of the program of storage is referred to aforementioned reality
Execute the Module Division mode of example, it would however also be possible to employ other Module Division mode.
Alternatively, the one during operational order includes reading instruction and write command or any two kinds.
Alternatively, block I/O request is set to bio structure, and I/O operation request is set to request
Structure.
Alternatively, operating system includes linux operating system or unix operating system.
Owing to solid state hard disc 32 to be written and read operate without carrying out disk tracking, therefore in this reality
Execute by I/O operation request being directly inserted into the empty position of I/O device request queue in example, from
This empty queue position acquisition I/O operation is asked, and refers to according to the operation of record in I/O operation request
Order driving solid state hard disc 32, and the merging that I/O operation is not asked by solid state hard disc 32, sequence
Etc. dispatching requirement, therefore the embodiment of the present invention eliminates and I/O operation request is merged, sorted
Deng complicated scheduling process, it is thus possible to effectively reduction processes the time, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
It addition, in several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed
System, apparatus and method, can realize by another way.Such as, dress described above
Putting embodiment embodiment is only schematically, such as, and described module or the division of unit, only
Being only a kind of logic function to divide, actual can have other dividing mode when realizing, the most multiple
Unit or assembly can in conjunction with or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be neglected
Slightly, or do not perform.Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or
Communication connection can be the INDIRECT COUPLING by some interfaces, device or unit or communication connection, can
Being electrical, machinery or other form.
The described unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be physically separate
, the parts shown as unit can be or may not be physical location, i.e. may be located at
One place, or can also be distributed on multiple NE.Can select according to the actual needs
Select some or all of unit therein to realize the purpose of the present embodiment embodiment scheme.
It addition, each functional unit in each embodiment embodiment of the application can be integrated in one
In individual processing unit, it is also possible to be that unit is individually physically present, it is also possible to two or two with
Upper unit is integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated unit both can be real with the form using hardware
Existing, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit realizes.
If described integrated unit realizes and as independent product using the form of SFU software functional unit
When product are sold or use, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on so
Understanding, part that prior art is contributed by the technical scheme of the application the most in other words or
Completely or partially can embodying with the form of software product of this technical scheme of person, this computer
Software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions with so that a computer sets
Standby (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor)
Perform all or part of step of method described in each embodiment embodiment of the application.And it is aforesaid
Storage medium includes: USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory),
Random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. are each
Plant the medium that can store program code.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention,
Every equivalent structure utilizing description of the invention and accompanying drawing content to be made or equivalence flow process conversion, or
Directly or indirectly being used in other relevant technical fields, the patent being the most in like manner included in the present invention is protected
In the range of protecting.
Claims (8)
1. the driving method of a solid state hard disc, it is characterised in that described method is applied to operation system
System, described operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, Qi Zhongsuo
The quantity stating solid state hard disc is 1, and uses flash memory particle, and described flash memory particle is in a sequential manner
Being written and read, described method includes:
Receiving the record that described generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;
Described block I/O request form is converted to record the I/O operation request of described operational order,
Wherein said I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of described I/O dispatch layer;
Described I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request queue of described I/O dispatch layer
Empty position;
Described I/O operation request is obtained, by described from the empty position of described I/O device request queue
I/O operation request is sent to described Block Device Driver layer;
According to the described behaviour of record in the described I/O operation request that described Block Device Driver layer receives
Make order-driven solid state hard disc.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described operational order includes reading
Any one or two kinds in instruction and write command.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the request of described block I/O is arranged
For bio structure, described I/O operation request is set to request structure.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described operating system includes
Linux operating system or unix operating system.
5. the driving means of a solid state hard disc, it is characterised in that described driving means is applied to behaviour
Making system, described operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, its
Described in the quantity of solid state hard disc be 1, and use flash memory particle, described flash memory particle is with order
Mode is written and read, and described device includes:
Block I/O request receiver module, the record sent for receiving described generic block layer has operation to refer to
The block I/O request of order;
Format converting module, for the described block I/O received by described block I/O request receiver module
Request form is converted to record the I/O operation request of described operational order, and described I/O operation please
Ask for described I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;
Insert module, for the described I/O operation request conversion of described format converting module obtained
It is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of described I/O dispatch layer;
I/O operation acquisition request module, for obtaining from the empty position of described I/O device request queue
Described I/O operation is asked, and described I/O operation request is sent to described Block Device Driver layer;
Drive module, for the described I/O operation request received according to described Block Device Driver layer
The described operational order of middle record drives solid state hard disc.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described operational order includes reading
Any one or two kinds in instruction and write command.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the request of described block I/O is arranged
For bio structure, described I/O operation request is set to request structure.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described operating system includes
Linux operating system or unix operating system.
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CN110309001B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2023-05-05 | 麒麟软件有限公司 | Linux universal block layer multi-queue based optimization system and method |
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