CN103226448B - The driving method of solid state hard disc and device - Google Patents

The driving method of solid state hard disc and device Download PDF

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CN103226448B
CN103226448B CN201310093035.XA CN201310093035A CN103226448B CN 103226448 B CN103226448 B CN 103226448B CN 201310093035 A CN201310093035 A CN 201310093035A CN 103226448 B CN103226448 B CN 103226448B
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request
block
layer
solid state
state hard
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CN103226448A (en
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顾政
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses driving method and the device of a kind of solid state hard disc, the method includes: the record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;Block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order, and wherein I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer;I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Solid state hard disc is driven according to the operational order of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives.By technique scheme, the present invention can effectively reduce the process time, and can reduce power consumption and cost.

Description

The driving method of solid state hard disc and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic information technical field, particularly relate to the driving side of a kind of solid state hard disc Method and device.
Background technology
The architecture design of Linux I/O (Input/Output, input/output) subsystem is by main flow at that time Storage medium impact, the disk of the most mechanically-based rotation, the I/O performance of mechanical disk always with It it is all the bottleneck of system.In order to enable to make good use of limited magnetic disc i/o resource, Linux to greatest extent Introduce I/O scheduler (I/O scheduler) in the design of I/O subsystem, utilize I/O scheduler pair The I/O operation request repeat, being connected merges, and according to the order direction of sector to I/O operation Request sequence, thus reduce the magnetic disc i/o number of times actually occurred and disk tracking time.
Along with the development of storing technology, storage medium also there occurs great variety, but existing I/O Scheduler is used till today always.The overall goal of I/O scheduler is desirable to allow the magnetic head can be the most past One direction is moved, and moves to the end and walks toward opposite direction, during to reduce the tracking of mechanical disk magnetic head Between, this realization is thus referred to as I/O dispatching algorithm.In order to adapt to different application scenarios, performance, The demand of ageing aspect, linux kernel starts to introduce 4 kinds of different I/O scheduling from 2.6 Algorithm, to optimize magnetic disc i/o performance, these 4 kinds of different I/O for different types of application program Dispatching algorithm includes: CFQ (the complete Fair Queue of Completely Fair Queuing) algorithm, Deadline (deadline date) algorithm, Noop (without intervening) algorithm, Anticipatory (expects) Algorithm.The dispatching algorithm of existing I/O dispatch layer can be to mechanical type disk under sequential I/O operates I/O performance play obvious effect of optimization, but be as the development of technology, use flash memory particle The solid state hard disc of (flash disk) starts gradually to replace the mechanical disk with mechanical disk magnetic head. Owing to flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, its disc rotation used with mechanical disk Read-write mode completely different, the dispatching algorithm of the most existing I/O dispatch layer is for solid state hard disc For, often increase processes complexity, and prolongation processes the time, thus causes power consumption and cost Waste.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention is mainly solving the technical problems that provide the driving side of a kind of solid state hard disc Method and device, when processing the I/O operation for solid state hard disc and asking, can effectively process in simplification Journey, and can effectively reduce the process time, to reduce power consumption and cost.
First aspect provides the driving method of a kind of solid state hard disc, and the method is applied to operating system, Operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, and the method includes: connect The record that receipts generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;Form is asked to turn block I/O Being changed to record the I/O operation request of operational order, wherein I/O operation request is I/O dispatch layer Basic operation unit;I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request team of I/O dispatch layer The empty position of row;I/O operation request is obtained, by I/O from the empty position of I/O device request queue Operation requests is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Please according to the I/O operation that Block Device Driver layer receives The operational order seeking middle record drives solid state hard disc.
In the first possible implementation of first aspect, operational order includes reading instruction and writes Any one or two kinds in instruction.
In the implementation that the second of first aspect is possible, block I/O request is set to bio knot Structure body, I/O operation request is set to request structure.
In the third possible implementation of first aspect, operating system includes that linux operates System or unix operating system.
Second aspect provides the driving means of a kind of solid state hard disc, and this driving means is applied to operation system System, operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, and this device includes: Block I/O request receiver module, the record sent for receiving generic block layer has the block I/O of operational order Request;Format converting module, for asking form to be converted to record operational order block I/O I/O operation ask, I/O operation request for I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;Insert module, For I/O operation request being inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;I/O Operation requests acquisition module, please for obtaining I/O operation from the empty position of I/O device request queue Ask, I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;Drive module, for according to block device The operational order that the I/O operation driving layer to receive records in asking drives solid state hard disc.
In the first possible implementation of second aspect, operational order includes reading instruction and writes Any one or two kinds in instruction.
In the implementation that the second of second aspect is possible, block I/O request is set to bio knot Structure body, I/O operation request is set to request structure.
In the third possible implementation of second aspect, operating system includes that linux operates System or unix operating system.
Being different from the situation of prior art, the embodiment of the present invention is mainly solving the technical problems that provide The driving method of a kind of solid state hard disc and device, the method and device are applied to operating system, pass through I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer, from this Empty queue position acquisition I/O operation is asked, and obtains I/O from the empty position of I/O device request queue Operation requests, is sent to Block Device Driver layer by I/O operation request, in asking according to I/O operation The operational order of record drives solid state hard disc, owing to the embodiment of the present invention please not to I/O operation Ask merge, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated, be therefore more suitable for using flash memory particle The solid state hard disc of (flash disk), thus when driving solid state hard disc, when effectively can reduce process Between, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, aobvious and easy Insight, the accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, for ordinary skill From the point of view of personnel, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain according to these accompanying drawings Other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow process signal of the driving method first embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure of the driving means first embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of driving method second embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of driving means second embodiment of the solid state hard disc of the embodiment of the present invention Figure.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with Accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, carries out clear, complete to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation The every other embodiment obtained under property work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to the driving method first of solid state hard disc that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are the embodiment of the present invention implement The schematic flow sheet of example, as it is shown in figure 1, the driving side of the solid state hard disc of embodiment of the present invention offer Method is applied to operating system, and this operating system includes that generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, block device drive Dynamic layer.The method comprises the following steps:
Step 101: the record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask.Block I/O request is the descriptor of block I/O in Linux generic block layer, describes a data in magnetic disk in detail The information that block I/O is relevant.
Step 102: block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order, Wherein I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer, is also device driver Processing object, describing one needs processed I/O operation.
Step 103: I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer Empty position.Wherein, the queue of I/O device request is block device needs described in linux kernel One queue of all I/O operations request composition processed.
Step 104: obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, by I/O Operation requests is sent to Block Device Driver layer.
Step 105: according to the operation of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives Order-driven solid state hard disc.
Owing to solid state hard disc uses flash memory particle (flash disk), flash memory particle uses sequential system to enter Row read-write, its reading mechanism is similar with internal memory, and therefore reading solid state hard disc is without carrying out disk tracking, And solid state hard disc not merging, the dispatching requirement such as sequence to I/O operation request.
Accordingly, because flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, it is used with mechanical disk The read-write mechanism of disc rotation completely different, therefore I/O operation request is inserted by the embodiment of the present invention To the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer, from this empty queue position acquisition I/O Operation requests, obtains I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, is grasped by I/O Being sent to Block Device Driver layer as request, in asking according to I/O operation, the operational order of record drives Solid state hard disc.Thus skip I/O operation request is merged, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated, It is more suitable for using the solid state hard disc of flash memory particle (flash disk), when driving solid state hard disc, Can effectively reduce the process time, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
It should be noted that above-mentioned operating system can be for example linux operating system or unix Operating system.
Hereinafter refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention the driving method of solid state hard disc The flow chart of two embodiments.As it is shown on figure 3, set in the operating system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention It is equipped with file system layer 301, generic block layer 305, I/O dispatch layer 302, Block Device Driver layer 303 And mechanical floor 304.
Wherein, being provided with file system 306 in file system layer 301, file system 306 includes Multiple page caches 307, page cache 307 includes that block buffer 308, block buffer 308 wrap Including the request of multiple block I/O, block I/O request is set to bio structure, wherein block I/O request record Have operational order, file system layer 301 to transmit this block I/O to ask to generic block layer 305.
Generic block layer 305 obtains block I/O request, and sends it to I/O dispatch layer.
I/O dispatch layer 302 is provided with I/O device request queue 311, I/O device request queue 311 Including multiple positions, multiple I/O operations request is separately positioned in multiple position, to set at I/O Standby request queue 311 arranges, and the position that in Fig. 3, dotted line frame is enclosed is non-empty position, position Put 320 for empty position.
Block Device Driver layer 303 is provided with storage device driver 313.
Device type set by mechanical floor 304 is solid state hard disc.
Below with reference to Fig. 3, concrete write operation flow process is described in detail, implement in the present invention In example, when operating system captures the process 305 for writing solid state hard disc, operating system is produced The block I/O request 309 that raw record has write operation to instruct, block buffer 308 obtains this record and writes The block I/O of operational order is asked 309 and sends to generic block layer 305.
Obtain block I/O request 309 at generic block layer 305, and send it to I/O dispatch layer 302.
Receive the block I/O request 309 that generic block layer 305 sends, block I/O is asked that 309 forms turn It is changed to record the I/O operation request 310 of operational order, wherein, made form conversion tool It is that block I/O that form is bio structure request 309 is converted to form is request knot for body The I/O operation request 310 of structure body.Bio structure is that the block I/O that is applied to of prior art definition please A kind of basic structure body asked, request structure be prior art definition be applied to I/O operation A kind of basic structure body of request.
I/O operation request 310 is inserted into the empty position 320 of I/O device request queue 311.
And obtain I/O operation request 310 from this empty position 320, this I/O operation is asked 310 It is sent to Block Device Driver layer 303.
According to the write operation of record in the I/O operation request 310 that Block Device Driver layer 303 receives Solid state hard disc 313 in order-driven mechanical floor 304 so that solid state hard disc 313 can write Action.
It should be noted that above listed embodiment be operational order be the flow process of write command, And flow process that operational order is reading instruction is similar with above-mentioned flow process, do not repeat in this.
Therefore, in driving method second embodiment of present invention solid state hard disc based on operating system In, eliminate the I/O scheduling process of complexity in terms of existing technologies, I/O operation is asked It is placed on the empty position of I/O device request queue, and directly obtains I/O operation from this empty position Request, owing to omitting complicated I/O scheduling process, therefore can simplify I/O of the prior art association View stack, shortens the pathdepth of I/O transmission, and the resource consumption and the time delay that reduce I/O transmission are effective Reduction processes the time, and can reduce power consumption and cost, is more suitable for the height for solid state hard disc also Send out, the I/O operation of high randomness is asked.
Hereinafter refer to the driving means first that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are the solid state hard discs of the embodiment of the present invention The apparatus structure schematic diagram of embodiment.The driving means 20 of solid state hard disc is applied to operating system, Operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, as in figure 2 it is shown, should Device 20 include block I/O request receiver module 201, format converting module 202, insert module 203, I/O operation acquisition request module 204 and driving module 205.Wherein:
Block I/O request receiver module 201, the record sent for receiving generic block layer has operation to refer to The block I/O request of order;
Format converting module 202, has operational order for asking form to be converted to record block I/O I/O operation request, I/O operation request for I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;
Insert module 203, please for I/O operation request being inserted into the I/O equipment of I/O dispatch layer Seek the empty position of queue;
I/O operation acquisition request module 204, for obtaining from the empty position of I/O device request queue I/O operation is asked, and I/O operation request is sent to Block Device Driver layer;
Drive module 205, remember in the I/O operation request received according to Block Device Driver layer The operational order of record drives solid state hard disc 206.
Alternatively, any one or two kinds during operational order includes reading instruction and write command.
Alternatively, block I/O request is set to bio structure, and I/O operation request is set to request Structure.
Alternatively, operating system includes linux operating system or unix operating system.
Owing to flash memory particle uses sequential system to be written and read, its disk used with mechanical disk The read-write mechanism rotated is completely different, and I/O operation request is inserted into I/O and adjusts by the embodiment of the present invention The empty position of the I/O device request queue of degree layer, asks from this empty queue position acquisition I/O operation, Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation request is sent To Block Device Driver layer, in asking according to I/O operation, the operational order of record drives solid state hard disc. Thus skip I/O operation request is merged, scheduling process that sequence etc. is complicated, be more suitable for In the solid state hard disc of employing flash memory particle (flash disk), when driving solid state hard disc, can be effective Reduction processes the time, and can reduce power consumption and cost.
Hereinafter refer to driving means the second embodiment that Fig. 4, Fig. 4 are solid state hard discs of the present invention Structural representation, as shown in Figure 4, the driving means 30 of solid state hard disc of the present invention includes memory 33, processor 31 and bus 35, wherein memory 33 and processor 31 respectively with bus 35 connect, to carry out data interaction by bus 35.
The driving means 30 of solid state hard disc of the present invention is used for driving solid state hard disc 32, solid state hard disc 32 It is connected with bus 35, to carry out data interaction by bus 35 and memory 33, processor 31. It should be noted that, solid state hard disc 32 can also be that the driving means 30 of solid state hard disc is internal.
In some other embodiment of the present invention, memory 33, processor 31 and solid-state are hard Dish 32 can not also be directly connected to by bus 35.
Memory 33 can be implemented as the floppy disk of computer, USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only storage Device (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), one or more of magnetic disc or CD etc..
Memory 33 stores following element, executable module or data structure, or it Subset, or their superset:
Application program 331 includes various application program, such as office application software, mapping software Or various software for editing, it is used for realizing various applied business, in embodiments of the present invention, applies journey Sequence 331 can be for the process operating solid state hard disc 32 in activation manipulation system 332, should Process includes writing the process of solid state hard disc 32, the process reading solid state hard disc 32 or erasing solid-state The process of storage content in hard disk 32.
Operating system 332 includes various system program, the such as file system layer shown in Fig. 1, logical With block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer and mechanical floor etc., it is used for realizing various basis Business and process hardware based task.
In embodiments of the present invention, processor 31 (should by the program calling storage in memory 33 Program can be realized by application program, it is also possible to is realized by operating system, by operation When system realizes, specifically the kernel of operating system can be recompilated, with new operation System kernel form stores in an operating system), perform to operate as follows:
The record that reception generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;
Block I/O is asked that form be converted to record the I/O operation request of operational order, wherein I/O Operation requests is the basic operation unit of I/O dispatch layer;
I/O operation request is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of I/O dispatch layer;
Obtain I/O operation request from the empty position of I/O device request queue, I/O operation is asked It is sent to Block Device Driver layer;
Drive solid according to the operational order of record in the I/O operation request that Block Device Driver layer receives State hard disk 32.
Further, the terminal device that the embodiment of the present invention provides can also include input equipment, uses Family can use input equipment to input the order operating solid state hard disc 32 to application program, So that activation manipulation system to be used for the process operating solid state hard disc 32, real at some other Executing in example, the order operating solid state hard disc 32 can also arise directly from operating system. Input equipment can be implemented as touch-screen, mouse, keyboard etc..
Modules is connected by bus 35 as shown in Figure 4, and this bus 35 can be ISA (Industry Standard Architecture, industry standard architecture) bus, PCI (Peripheral Component, external equipment interconnects) bus or EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, extended industry-standard architecture) bus etc..Described bus 35 can To be one or more physical circuit, address bus, number can be divided into when being a plurality of physical circuit According to bus, control bus etc..In some other implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is real The modules that executing example provides can not also connect by the way of bus 35, and passes according to signal Relation of passing directly sets up communication connection.
It should be noted that, in memory 33, the Module Division of the program of storage is referred to aforementioned reality Execute the Module Division mode of example, it would however also be possible to employ other Module Division mode.
Alternatively, the one during operational order includes reading instruction and write command or any two kinds.
Alternatively, block I/O request is set to bio structure, and I/O operation request is set to request Structure.
Alternatively, operating system includes linux operating system or unix operating system.
Owing to solid state hard disc 32 to be written and read operate without carrying out disk tracking, therefore in this reality Execute by I/O operation request being directly inserted into the empty position of I/O device request queue in example, from This empty queue position acquisition I/O operation is asked, and refers to according to the operation of record in I/O operation request Order driving solid state hard disc 32, and the merging that I/O operation is not asked by solid state hard disc 32, sequence Etc. dispatching requirement, therefore the embodiment of the present invention eliminates and I/O operation request is merged, sorted Deng complicated scheduling process, it is thus possible to effectively reduction processes the time, and power consumption and cost can be reduced.
It addition, in several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed System, apparatus and method, can realize by another way.Such as, dress described above Putting embodiment embodiment is only schematically, such as, and described module or the division of unit, only Being only a kind of logic function to divide, actual can have other dividing mode when realizing, the most multiple Unit or assembly can in conjunction with or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be neglected Slightly, or do not perform.Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or Communication connection can be the INDIRECT COUPLING by some interfaces, device or unit or communication connection, can Being electrical, machinery or other form.
The described unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be physically separate , the parts shown as unit can be or may not be physical location, i.e. may be located at One place, or can also be distributed on multiple NE.Can select according to the actual needs Select some or all of unit therein to realize the purpose of the present embodiment embodiment scheme.
It addition, each functional unit in each embodiment embodiment of the application can be integrated in one In individual processing unit, it is also possible to be that unit is individually physically present, it is also possible to two or two with Upper unit is integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated unit both can be real with the form using hardware Existing, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit realizes.
If described integrated unit realizes and as independent product using the form of SFU software functional unit When product are sold or use, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on so Understanding, part that prior art is contributed by the technical scheme of the application the most in other words or Completely or partially can embodying with the form of software product of this technical scheme of person, this computer Software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions with so that a computer sets Standby (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) Perform all or part of step of method described in each embodiment embodiment of the application.And it is aforesaid Storage medium includes: USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. are each Plant the medium that can store program code.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, Every equivalent structure utilizing description of the invention and accompanying drawing content to be made or equivalence flow process conversion, or Directly or indirectly being used in other relevant technical fields, the patent being the most in like manner included in the present invention is protected In the range of protecting.

Claims (8)

1. the driving method of a solid state hard disc, it is characterised in that described method is applied to operation system System, described operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, Qi Zhongsuo The quantity stating solid state hard disc is 1, and uses flash memory particle, and described flash memory particle is in a sequential manner Being written and read, described method includes:
Receiving the record that described generic block layer sends has the block I/O of operational order to ask;
Described block I/O request form is converted to record the I/O operation request of described operational order, Wherein said I/O operation request is the basic operation unit of described I/O dispatch layer;
Described I/O operation request is inserted into the I/O device request queue of described I/O dispatch layer Empty position;
Described I/O operation request is obtained, by described from the empty position of described I/O device request queue I/O operation request is sent to described Block Device Driver layer;
According to the described behaviour of record in the described I/O operation request that described Block Device Driver layer receives Make order-driven solid state hard disc.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described operational order includes reading Any one or two kinds in instruction and write command.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the request of described block I/O is arranged For bio structure, described I/O operation request is set to request structure.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described operating system includes Linux operating system or unix operating system.
5. the driving means of a solid state hard disc, it is characterised in that described driving means is applied to behaviour Making system, described operating system includes generic block layer, I/O dispatch layer, Block Device Driver layer, its Described in the quantity of solid state hard disc be 1, and use flash memory particle, described flash memory particle is with order Mode is written and read, and described device includes:
Block I/O request receiver module, the record sent for receiving described generic block layer has operation to refer to The block I/O request of order;
Format converting module, for the described block I/O received by described block I/O request receiver module Request form is converted to record the I/O operation request of described operational order, and described I/O operation please Ask for described I/O dispatch layer basic operation unit;
Insert module, for the described I/O operation request conversion of described format converting module obtained It is inserted into the empty position of the I/O device request queue of described I/O dispatch layer;
I/O operation acquisition request module, for obtaining from the empty position of described I/O device request queue Described I/O operation is asked, and described I/O operation request is sent to described Block Device Driver layer;
Drive module, for the described I/O operation request received according to described Block Device Driver layer The described operational order of middle record drives solid state hard disc.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described operational order includes reading Any one or two kinds in instruction and write command.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the request of described block I/O is arranged For bio structure, described I/O operation request is set to request structure.
Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described operating system includes Linux operating system or unix operating system.
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