CN103214225B - A green environmental protection wall system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a green environment-friendly wall system which is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular gypsum blocks, wherein the spliced parts are solidified and connected through gypsum block binders; the gypsum block is formed by pouring gypsum raw materials after being stirred by adding water, and the rectangular edge of the gypsum block is provided with a concave groove and a convex key; the gypsum block binder is in a powder shape and is prepared from gypsum raw materials by adding water and uniformly stirring before use. The wall system completely meets the sustainable development target from the selection of raw materials, the production process, the construction in the construction site and the recovery and recycling of waste materials, and is a novel environment-friendly building material; the wall material has the advantages of sound insulation, fire resistance, light weight, high strength, convenient construction, use space saving and the like, and is a novel wall material which is low-carbon, environment-friendly and healthy and meets the development requirements of times.

Description

A green environmental protection wall system

technical field

The invention discloses a green environment-friendly wall system, which is formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular gypsum blocks, and belongs to the field of building materials.

Background technique

Gypsum blocks were developed in Europe in the 1950s, and the fastest-growing region is Western Europe. Almost most countries are producing and using gypsum blocks, of which France is the largest producer and use of gypsum blocks. In China, the annual output of gypsum blocks is about 18 million square meters, ranking first in the world.

In China, in the past two decades, gypsum blocks have developed into a new type of lightweight wall material.

Gypsum block is a building gypsum product made of building gypsum as the main raw material, which is stirred with water, poured and dried. Gypsum blocks have many excellent building physical properties such as light weight, waterproof, earthquake resistance, thermal insulation, sound insulation, etc., and are very suitable for building internal partition walls of various industrial and civil frame buildings, high-rise and super high-rise buildings. Internal partition walls of frame structure buildings.

In recent years, gypsum has been increasingly accepted as a building material. Its products include blocks, plates, decorative materials, etc., and are mainly used for non-load-bearing walls and decoration in houses. Gypsum hollow blocks have light weight, high strength, fire resistance, flame retardant, sound insulation and other properties. It is convenient and quick to use dry construction without construction waste. It can be nailed, sawed, planed, bonded, and repaired without keel reinforcement. There is no need to plaster the surface, and the construction efficiency is high. Compared with the red brick wall, the usable area can be increased by 10%. Gypsum blocks are non-toxic, tasteless and harmless, which are environmentally friendly new building materials. The specification of gypsum block implements the JC/T698-1998 industry standard, and has corresponding scientific formula. The products produced by mechanization are of good quality and high strength, and the supporting materials are scientific and reasonable. Gypsum blocks are mainly used for non-load-bearing walls of frame structures and other structural buildings, and are generally used as internal partition walls. If suitable fixing and supporting structures are adopted, the wall can also bear heavy loads (such as hanging cabinets, water heaters, toilet utensils, etc.). The moisture-proof block mixed with special additives can be used in places with high air humidity such as bathrooms and toilets.

Compared with other wall materials, especially traditional solid clay bricks, gypsum blocks have the following advantages:

1. Compared with concrete, fire-resistant gypsum has 5 times higher fire resistance. Compared with ordinary gypsum board, the fire resistance of gypsum block is one grade higher.

2. Good thermal insulation performance. The thermal insulation performance of a 1cm thick gypsum layer is equivalent to that of a 3cm brick layer or a 4cm mortar plaster or a 5cm concrete house.

3. Good sound insulation performance; taking the large wall of gypsum block with a thickness of 100mm as an example, its building sound insulation value has reached 37-48dB, which is difficult for other building materials of the same type and thickness to achieve this value.

4. It has light wall quality and good seismic performance. Taking double-sided plastered clay solid brick wall as an example, half brick wall weighs 296kg/m ² , one brick wall weighs 524kg/m ² , and solid gypsum block wall with different plastering, 80mm thick about 72kg/m2 ^2. The thickness of 100mm is about 90kg/m ² , equivalent to 1/3-1/4 of the weight of a solid clay brick wall.

5. The gypsum blocks are precisely matched, and the wall is smooth and smooth.

6. Dry construction, fast construction speed. Gypsum blocks can be nailed, sawed, planed, and repaired, and the processing is very convenient.

7. Improved living comfort. Gypsum blocks have a breathing function, and excess moisture in the room can be quickly absorbed: when the climate changes and the humidity decreases, moisture can be released again without affecting the firmness of the wall: that is, it has the function of adjusting indoor atmospheric humidity and can adjust the indoor microclimate . There is no condensation on the wall even when the air humidity is high, making living very comfortable.

8. A series of problems such as masonry, installation and application of gypsum block partition walls have mature solutions abroad. The production and application of gypsum blocks began in foreign countries in 1950. After the improvement and test of the whole century, a complete set of product specification system, masonry and application materials and atlases have been formed, which can be used for reference in combination with the actual situation in our country. Using and learning for reference, in recent years, my country has issued standards for gypsum blocks and other related materials.

9. Gypsum block is a green building material. Gypsum blocks are processed from natural gypsum without radiation. In the process of producing gypsum blocks, basically no three wastes are discharged. During use, no harmful substances will be produced. Therefore, gypsum block is a kind of green building material that can protect and improve the ecological environment.

10. Increase the usable area. In the case of a certain building area, the actual usable area can be effectively increased. Compared with the solid brick wall, the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 1/2, and the effective use area is increased by about 10%.

11. Replace clay bricks to protect cultivated land. Traditional wall materials consume a lot of energy and land. Clay bricks, a traditional wall material, destroy hundreds of thousands of acres of land every year. The energy consumed by burning bricks consumes a large amount of standard coal every year. Traditional wall materials cause serious environmental pollution.

The thickness of the gypsum block wall is small, which belongs to the thin wall. Its maximum limit height of independent masonry involves the stability and safety of the wall during the construction stage and the use stage. Therefore, the maximum limit size of gypsum block walls, unlike cement blocks, cannot be determined by the traditional method of checking the allowable height-thickness ratio, but can only be determined through calculation and experiments based on the application performance of gypsum blocks.

The maximum limit size of gypsum block walls in France is as follows:

Wall thickness/cm Maximum height/m 6.0 2.6 7.0 3.0 ≥10.0 4.0

In the existing gypsum block wall system, the operability of the adhesive is not ideal, the curing strength is low, and the adhesive force is insufficient. During use, there are cases of wall cracking; at the same time, during the construction process, the adhesive The poor operation performance also affects the quality of the project and causes waste of materials.

Therefore, in practical applications, there is still a need for a gypsum block wall system with good performance cured by an adhesive.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green environmental protection wall system.

The wall system of the present invention is composed of a plurality of rectangular gypsum blocks spliced and built, and the spliced parts are solidified and connected by the gypsum block binder; the gypsum block is poured into shape after the gypsum block is stirred with water, and the rectangular edge of the gypsum block It has concave and convex mounting grooves; the gypsum block binder is in powder form and is composed of gypsum raw materials, just add water and stir evenly before use.

The gypsum raw material can be natural gypsum powder or desulfurized gypsum powder.

Desulfurization gypsum mainly comes from the flue gas desulfurization process of coal-fired power plants. It is an industrial by-product gypsum obtained by desulfurization and purification of flue gas generated after the combustion of sulfur-containing fuels (such as coal). The main component of desulfurization gypsum is crystalline calcium sulfate (CaSO ₄ ·2H ₂ O), slightly yellow in color, and its pH is comparable to that of natural gypsum, which is neutral or slightly alkaline. The chemical composition is similar to natural gypsum, its CaSO ₄ +CaSO ₄ ·2H ₂ O content is generally above 90%, and the CaSO ₄ +CaSO ₄ ·2H ₂ O content of natural gypsum is generally in the range of 70% to 80%.

Replacing natural gypsum with high-quality desulfurized gypsum can not only save resources, but also use industrial by-products to reduce solid pollution and protect the ecological environment. At the same time, the price of desulfurized gypsum from thermal power plants is lower, making its use cost lower than natural gypsum. The most important thing is that the performance of desulfurized gypsum powder is stable, which is beneficial to product quality control. Therefore, the gypsum raw material used in the present invention is preferably desulfurized gypsum powder, such as β-type gypsum powder [β-type hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO ₄ ) ₂ ·H ₂ O], the fineness is controlled at 0.08mm, and the sieve residue is less than 2%.

Gypsum blocks have a network crystal structure, and after absorbing water, they are prone to hydrolysis and corrosion, which greatly reduces the strength of the blocks. Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the gypsum block wall and control the water content in the gypsum block, a waterproofing agent is also added to the gypsum raw material of the present invention.

The waterproofing of gypsum is usually achieved by adding waterproof materials, such as adding metal soap, asphalt, paraffin, resin to the gypsum, or coating the product with a water-resistant paint to form a water-resistant film on the surface. U.S. Patent No. 2,198,776 sprays paraffin and asphalt into gypsum slurry to form very fine paraffin or asphalt particles to improve the water resistance of gypsum products. The effect is better, but a set of waxy materials is required to be equipped with melt jet atomization Equipment, high cost, complex operation. At present, the better gypsum waterproofing agents are silicone resins and paraffin-based waterproofing agents.

The waterproofing agent used in the present invention is an organic silanol waterproofing agent.

The main component of the organosilicon alcohol water repellent is sodium methyl siliconate, and the organo silicon alcohol water repellent used in the present invention is sodium methyl siliconate.

Sodium methyl siliconate is a colorless and transparent aqueous solution, and the industrial product is light yellow because it contains a small amount of impurities. It is non-toxic, non-flammable, non-explosive, non-volatile, and has no irritating odor. The solid content is generally 32%, the specific gravity is 1.23, the pH value is alkaline, and it can be miscible with water. No pollution to the environment, spraying on exterior wall finishes such as spraying, rolling, brushing, etc., has the effects of water repellency, delaying pollution, and anti-weathering. Water-soluble sodium methyl siliconate has the characteristics of alkalinity and ions. It can leach a small amount of carbonate ions from gypsum (CaCO ₃ ), and then undergo a substitution reaction to form a chemical bond. In sodium methyl siliconate, methyl (CH ₃ ) bonded into the plaster, making it hydrophobic, creating a water-repellent effect.

At the same time, under the action of water and carbon dioxide, sodium methyl siliconate generates methyl silanol, which further condenses itself and chemically reacts with the structural material to form a layer of insoluble waterproof polymer compound on the surface of the substrate— - Reticular silicone resin film. The resin film has the functions of waterproof, moisture-proof and seepage-proof, and at the same time does not affect the air permeability of the gypsum material body, and can resist aging and avoid pollution.

The amount of sodium methyl siliconate added to the gypsum block of the present invention is 0.8-2.0% (relative to the mass of the gypsum part), preferably 0.8-1.0%.

1-5% by weight of diatomite can also be added to the gypsum block of the present invention to further improve the waterproof performance of the gypsum.

After the gypsum block is added with chemical components such as waterproofing agent, the waterproof rate can reach 3%, and the softening coefficient is higher than 0.6.

According to the needs of actual use, fiber materials, light aggregates and/or foaming agents can also be added to the gypsum block raw materials of the present invention.

The use of fiber materials improves the strength of gypsum blocks and can meet higher material strength requirements. Fiber material is glass fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber; polypropylene fiber preferably uses polypropylene staple fiber (PP fiber).

The added amount of the fiber material is 0.01-0.1% by weight relative to the gypsum raw material.

Polypropylene staple fiber (PP fiber) uses polypropylene as raw material. Its production process and surface treatment technology ensure that it has excellent dispersion in gypsum and bonding force with gypsum blocks, and has good aging resistance, which can ensure Long-term effect in plaster.

The chemical properties of polypropylene short fibers are stable, and the performance of concrete can be improved only by changing the physical structure of gypsum, without any chemical reaction itself. After mixing with gypsum, its chemical and physical properties are stable, so it has good affinity with gypsum blocks. Polypropylene short fibers can effectively enhance the toughness of gypsum, effectively control the microcracks caused by factors such as gypsum expansion and temperature changes, prevent and inhibit the formation and development of cracks, and effectively improve the crack resistance and seepage resistance of gypsum blocks. Shock and earthquake resistance.

The use of light aggregates can reduce the mass of the product and provide better fire performance. The amount of light aggregate should not exceed 10% by mass of the gypsum powder, preferably 1.5-2.0%.

Light aggregates are mainly added to reduce the bulk density of blocks, and commonly used light aggregates are expanded perlite and fine ceramsite.

Perlite is a kind of acidic lava from volcanic eruption. It is a glassy rock formed by rapid cooling. It is named for its pearly crack structure. Perlite deposits include perlite, obsidian and pitchite. The difference between the three is that perlite has arc-shaped cracks formed by condensation, which is called perlite structure, with a water content of 2 to 6%; turpentine has a unique turpentine luster, with a water content of 6 to 10%; obsidian has glass Glossy and conchoidal fracture, moisture content is generally less than 2%.

The light aggregate of the present invention uses perlite. The bulk density of perlite is less than 120Kg/m ³ , so it is the choice of light aggregate with good performance.

The addition of foaming agent is beneficial to the sound insulation performance of the material.

The foaming agent plays an important role in the gypsum block described in the present invention, and is an important condition for improving the sound insulation and sealing effect.

When the foaming agent and gypsum are hydrated, the intermolecular force-hydrogen chain is generated, resulting in steric hindrance, resulting in a defect in the lattice structure of gypsum, stimulating the activity of gypsum, and accelerating the formation of network-like gypsum skeleton, so as to enhance the strength of gypsum board , reduce the capacity of gypsum board, greatly save raw materials, and fully improve the physical properties of gypsum board.

As the foaming agent, any one of anionic surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate (K12), sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), sodium α-olefin sulfonate, and sodium bicarbonate can be used.

The blowing agent is preferably sodium lauryl sulfate.

The foaming agent is preferably 1.9-2.7 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of gypsum raw material.

When preparing gypsum blocks, mix the gypsum raw materials and various ingredients added, add 70-95% of the solid weight of water to mix, stir evenly, pour into molding, demould, and dry (naturally air-dry in dry season, or artificially dry) Finally, after inspection, packaging, storage.

When natural gypsum powder is used, the amount of water added is preferably 70-80% of the weight of the gypsum powder; when desulfurized gypsum powder is used, the amount of water added is preferably 80-95% of the weight of the gypsum powder.

In the wall system of the present invention, when the masonry is formed, the gypsum blocks are solidified and connected by the gypsum block binder to form a wall.

Adhesive is a kind of powder, the main purpose is to be used as joint adhesive and joint filler when installing wall system, it can also be used for wall skin bonding wood or plastic lines, and can also be used as Adhesives and caulks for trenching, hole-piping, threading and box-burying in walls.

In addition to gypsum raw materials, the gypsum block binder of the present invention also contains rubber powder and gypsum retarder. The components in the gypsum block binder are composed of:

100 parts by weight of gypsum raw material powder;

1-2 parts by weight of rubber powder;

0.01-0.03 parts by weight of gypsum retarder.

When in use, put the above-mentioned binder powder in a container, then add water, the weight ratio of binder powder to water is 1: (0.6-0.7), let it stand for 1-2 minutes and stir well to form a putty that can be used .

Fiber materials can also be added to the gypsum block binder of the present invention; relative to the binder, the added amount is 0.5-0.9Kg/m ³ .

The rubber powder is composed of acrylate and aliphatic silane mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1.

The acrylate may be one or more of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-methyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate.

Aliphatic silanes are mainly polyester silicone resins, which are thermosetting polysiloxane polymers with a highly crosslinked structure.

Silicone resin has good electrical insulation properties, temperature resistance and waterproof effect, and its weather resistance is better than general organic resins. Therefore, it is an ideal material for the coating of heat-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-proof treatment to protect the surface layer. Silicone resin also has excellent electrical insulation, chemical resistance, hydrophobicity and flame retardancy, and can also be modified to obtain other properties.

There are many kinds of silicone resins. According to the main chain structure, they can be divided into pure silicone resins and modified silicone resins. The former is a typical polysiloxane structure. Modified silicone resins can be subdivided into methyl silicone resins, phenyl silicone resins, and methylphenyl silicone resins according to the type of organic groups linked to silicon atoms.

The silicone resin of the present invention is preferably an acrylic modified silicone resin, which is prepared from silanol and acrylic acid monomers, has the advantages of both acrylic resin and silicone resin, and has excellent heat resistance and weather resistance.

The fiber used in the gypsum block binder of the present invention is the same as the fiber used in the gypsum block, preferably PP short fiber, and the fiber length is optimal at 30-100 mm. The addition of short fibers significantly increases the strength of the binder after curing. It is worth noting that the strength of the gypsum block binder of the present invention exceeds the strength of the gypsum block by 20% after drying, and the use effect is good.

Gypsum retarders are used to reduce the setting speed of gypsum. Currently, there are three main types of retarders commonly used: organic acids and their soluble salts, alkaline phosphates, and protein retarders. Organic acids and their soluble salt retarders mainly include citric acid, sodium citrate, tartaric acid, potassium tartrate, acrylic acid and sodium acrylate. Phosphate retarders mainly include sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate.

The retarder of the present invention preferably uses citric acid and its salts.

The blending weight of citric acid and its salts is preferably controlled at less than 0.03% relative to the gypsum, preferably 0.01% blending weight.

The wall system of the present invention is composed of a plurality of rectangular gypsum blocks spliced and built, and the spliced parts are solidified and connected by the gypsum block binder; the gypsum block is poured into shape after the gypsum block is stirred with water, and the rectangular edge of the gypsum block It has concave and convex mounting grooves; the gypsum block binder is in powder form and is composed of gypsum raw materials, just add water and stir evenly before use. Wall systems with thicknesses of 80 mm and 100 mm are preferred.

The wall formed by masonry can automatically adjust the relative humidity in the air, absorb moisture in the wet season and release moisture in the dry season, making the living environment more comfortable. No volatile organic compounds, radon and other harmful substances, no impact on human health. No heavy metal substances. The pH is 6-8, which is close to human skin, and the sound insulation function is good, which can reach 46 decibels STC. The heat insulation function is good, which is 5 times higher than that of sand bricks, saving a lot of energy loss. Lightweight, 60% lighter than sand bricks, which directly reduces the weight of the building structure and reduces the need for building materials.

Before the construction of the wall system of the present invention, it is necessary to ensure that the ground of the construction site is flat to ensure that the wall after installation is vertical to flat; adhesive; the concave and convex grooves between the bricks should be opposite, and the gaps should be filled with adhesive; the installation of the upper layer of bricks should be overlapped with the lower layer of staggered joints; this method is installed layer by layer, and the corners of the walls should be occluded. ;When installing to the top of the wall, you only need to saw the slope on the brick to clean up the sawn powder; after installation, fill the gap with adhesive; Filling; finally, the gap on the brick surface can be patched and leveled with adhesive.

There are grooves and keys around the gypsum block of the invention, which is easy to install, and the surface is smooth without plastering, which saves the plastering process and shortens the construction period. It is suitable for short construction period or decoration projects. The 80mm and 100mm wall systems do not need plastering, which saves 1-2 inches compared to 75mm and 100mm traditional sand bricks with 15mm plastering on both sides. Suitable for residential and commercial use. High strength, compressive strength 5-7 MPa, single nail hanging up to 45 kg. Suitable for hotels, guesthouses, schools, residences, shopping malls.

When the wall brick joints are dry and solidified, the gypsum bricks are integrated. Therefore, there is no need to install lintels at the general door and air duct positions, and no iron frame reinforcement is required for walls below 7 meters. Suitable for shopping malls, commercial buildings and industrial development. The fire resistance limit of the wall assembled with gypsum bricks is 2-4 hours without burning. It has been approved by the Buildings Department of the Hong Kong Government, and complies with GB/T9978-1999, and the maximum fire resistance limit is greater than 2 hours. Product key indicators:

The wall system of the present invention has very good construction convenience, and installation does not require iron nets, door beams and steel brackets, which reduces the use of additional materials for installation and reduces energy consumption; it does not need to be plastered with cement mortar on both sides of the wall; The wet water engineering project ensures a good site environment; improves the safety and health of the construction site, avoids potential risks such as mosquitoes, slip risks, and electric leakage, and reduces casualties or losses. The wall is easy to cut or open a pit to hide the throat, without waste, and the broken material can be used to fill the wind roar and lamp throat pit; easy to change the interval, after the wall is formed and integrated, a doorway less than 2 meters wide can be cut out, and the The cut-out wall sections were used as blocks (approximately 500 x 500 mm) and recycled to lay new walls.

For a wall, it can be cut into wall blocks of about 500 * 500 millimeters from top to bottom when dismounting, and these blocks can be rebuilt into a new wall with the adhesive of the present invention, which can be reused. If it is damaged during disassembly, the fine pieces can also be sent to the factory for recycling, and the raw materials can be mixed to form new gypsum blocks.

Before the installation and construction of the wall system of the present invention, the contour line of the wall and the opening line of doors and windows should be carefully checked. When using binder, it is advisable that the amount of mixing should not exceed 20 minutes at a time. The adhesive that starts to solidify after more than 30 minutes is not allowed to add water and glue to reconstitute and use. The next batch of adhesive should be prepared after cleaning the hopper. When there are no special requirements for the wall, the adhesive can be directly spread on the leveled concrete floor (floor) and the gypsum blocks installed. Full of binder, the remaining slurry plug is strictly scraped and flattened.

The first layer of blocks should be leveled with wooden wedges. It is not allowed to repeatedly move the bricks supplemented with adhesive for leveling. After 40 minutes of masonry, the part of the wooden wedge exposed to the wall can be cut off without pulling it out. For masonry at corners, in order to ensure that the upper and lower vertical joints are cross-staggered, the corresponding part of the first brick at the corner should be cut off, and the joint parts should be filled with adhesive.

The flanges and grooves of the bricks should be covered with adhesive (including the top, bottom and sides of the bricks) throughout the installation process. Before installation, the number of blocks must be estimated first, and the sawing should be as close as possible to the openings of doors and windows. For bathroom equipment installation, expansion bolts and anchor bolts should be used. The holes should be drilled, and chiseling and direct nailing are not allowed.

After the installation of the partition wall is completed, the small missing corners of the bricks can be repaired and scraped with a special sealant. Scaffolding shall be used for the construction of the inner partition wall, and scaffolding pipes, etc. shall not be supported on the partition wall. Galvanized steel pipes or PVC pipes should be used vertically, and the vertical reserved pipelines should be slotted and buried by a slotting machine, and the gaps should be filled and scraped with adhesive. And glue the glass fiber mesh cloth. Small openings such as wire boxes should be constructed by manual trimming after opening with a hole saw. The hydropower major must cooperate closely with the construction of the partition wall, and the laying of pipelines should be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the partition wall. It is strictly forbidden to lay pipelines and install equipment by chiseling.

The wall system of the present invention, from raw material selection, production process, site construction to waste recycling and reuse, fully meets the sustainable development goals, and is a 100% environmentally friendly new building material; it has sound insulation, fire prevention, light weight, high strength, and construction With many advantages such as convenience and space saving, it is a new type of wall material that is low-carbon, environmentally friendly, healthy, and meets the requirements of the development of the times.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the body of wall schematic diagram that gypsum block of the present invention builds by masonry;

Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the first floor of the wall shown in Figure 1;

Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the second layer of the wall shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a T-shaped wall built with gypsum blocks of the present invention;

Figure 2-1 is a schematic diagram of the first floor of the wall shown in Figure 2;

Figure 2-2 is a schematic diagram of the second layer of the wall shown in Figure 2;

1---gypsum block; 2---cut gypsum block; 3---joint coated with gypsum block adhesive.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Preparation of gypsum blocks:

Weighing materials:

●Natural gypsum powder 100Kg

●Sodium methyl siliconate 0.8Kg

●Diatomaceous earth 1.8Kg

●PP fiber 0.1Kg

●Perlite 1.5Kg

●Sodium lauryl sulfate 1.9Kg

Put the natural gypsum powder and 77Kg water into the mixer through the automatic metering system, start the mixer, and stir for 1 to 2 minutes to make a slurry, and the mixed gypsum slurry is poured into the vertical mold cavity of the molding machine. Automatic scraping, and then the hydraulic jacking machine ejects the mold cavity, and then starts the gypsum block space fixture, clamps the gypsum block group, walks along the vertical fixture track, and grabs the gypsum block by the automatic fixture to make the gypsum block The block is out of the mold. The resulting gypsum blocks are cube-shaped wall materials with grooves and keys all around.

When natural drying is adopted, the space fixture clamps the gypsum block group and puts it on the drying shelf. The transportation to the drying site is completed by a transport vehicle. The natural drying site should be flat, and the drying shelf should be arranged so that the gypsum The blocks are always in a position parallel to the direction of ventilation.

The dried gypsum block has a specification of 666mm×500mm, the total area of the three blocks is 1m ² , and the thickness is 80mm.

Fire performance (implementation GB/T9978-1999) is 80mm: 120minsFRP; sound insulation performance (BSENISO140-3: 1995) is 80mm: 37dBSTC.

Water resistance performance (implementation of BSEN12589: 2001 Part5.8) meets the requirement that the water absorption rate not exceed 5% of its own weight after being placed in water for 2 hours.

After passing the inspection, the products are loaded by the mechanical block unloading machine through the packaging device, and the blocks are bundled into bundles, which are usually transported into the warehouse by a forklift truck.

The final product gypsum block has a bulk density of 900 kg/square meter, and the wall is only 85 kg per square meter, which is significantly lower than clay bricks and aerated fly ash bricks, which is conducive to reducing the load of high-rise buildings and greatly reducing the total cost of high-rise buildings. load weight. Suitable for decoration works.

The gypsum block is strong, high strength, no deformation, waterproof rate reaches 3%, softening coefficient is higher than 0.6, and the breaking load can reach more than 3000 kN. The sound insulation performance is good, the single-layer weighted sound insulation is 37-41 decibels, and the double-layer sandwich system can reach 64 decibels.

Example 2

Preparation of gypsum blocks: weighing and preparing materials:

●Desulfurization gypsum powder 100Kg

●Sodium methyl siliconate 2.0Kg

●Diatomaceous earth 3.2Kg

●PP fiber 0.01Kg

●Perlite 2.0Kg

●Sodium lauryl sulfate 2.7Kg

Put the natural gypsum powder and 90Kg water into the mixer through the automatic metering system, start the mixer, and stir for 1 to 2 minutes to make a slurry, and the mixed gypsum slurry is poured into the vertical mold cavity of the molding machine. Automatic scraping, and then the hydraulic jacking machine ejects the mold cavity, and then starts the gypsum block space fixture, clamps the gypsum block group, walks along the vertical fixture track, and grabs the gypsum block by the automatic fixture to make the gypsum block The block is out of the mold. The resulting gypsum blocks are cube-shaped wall materials with grooves and keys all around.

The artificial drying method is adopted, and the space fixture clamps the gypsum block group, puts it on the kiln car, and enters the tunnel drying kiln for artificial drying. The artificial drying time of the tunnel drying kiln is about 24 hours.

The dried gypsum block has a specification of 666mm×500mm, the total area of the three blocks is 1m ² , and the thickness is 100mm.

Fire performance (implementation GB/T9978-1999) is 100mm: 240minsFRP; sound insulation performance (BSENISO140-3: 1995) is 100mm: 41dBSTC.

Water resistance performance (implementation of BSEN12589: 2001 Part5.8) meets the requirement that the water absorption rate not exceed 5% of its own weight after being placed in water for 2 hours.

After passing the inspection, the products are loaded by the mechanical block unloading machine through the packaging device, and the blocks are bundled into bundles, which are usually transported into the warehouse by a forklift truck.

The resulting final product, the gypsum block, has a bulk density of 780 kg/square meter. The gypsum block is firm, high in strength, and does not deform. The breaking load can reach more than 3,000 kN. The sound insulation performance is good, the single-layer weighted sound insulation is 37-41 decibels, and the double-layer sandwich system can reach 64 decibels.

Example 3

Preparation of gypsum blocks:

Weighing materials:

●Desulfurization gypsum powder 100Kg

●Sodium methyl siliconate 1.2Kg

●Diatomaceous earth 2.5Kg

●PP fiber 0.1Kg

●Perlite 1.8Kg

●Sodium lauryl sulfate 2.2Kg

Put the natural gypsum powder and 95Kg water into the mixer through the automatic metering system, start the mixer, and stir for 1 to 2 minutes to make a slurry, and the mixed gypsum slurry is poured into the vertical mold cavity of the molding machine. Automatic scraping, and then the hydraulic jacking machine ejects the mold cavity, and then starts the gypsum block space fixture, clamps the gypsum block group, walks along the vertical fixture track, and grabs the gypsum block by the automatic fixture to make the gypsum block The block is out of the mold. The resulting gypsum blocks are cube-shaped wall materials with grooves and keys all around.

When natural drying is adopted, the space fixture clamps the gypsum block group and puts it on the drying shelf. The transportation to the drying site is completed by a transport vehicle. The natural drying site should be flat, and the drying shelf should be arranged so that the gypsum The blocks are always in a position parallel to the direction of ventilation.

The dried gypsum block is a high-density product with a specification of 333mm×500mm, the total area of the 6 blocks is 1m ² , and the thickness is 100mm.

Fire performance (execute GB/T9978-1999) is 100mm: 240minsFRP; sound insulation performance (BSENISO140-3: 1995) is 100mm: 46dBSTC.

Water resistance performance (implementation of BSEN12589: 2001 Part5.8) meets the requirement that the water absorption rate not exceed 5% of its own weight after being placed in water for 2 hours.

After passing the inspection, the products are loaded by the mechanical block unloading machine through the packaging device, and the blocks are bundled into bundles, which are usually transported into the warehouse by a forklift truck.

The resulting final product, the gypsum block, has a bulk density of 850 kg/square meter. The gypsum block is firm, high in strength, and does not deform. The breaking load can reach more than 3,000 kN. The sound insulation performance is good, the single-layer weighted sound insulation is 37-41 decibels, and the double-layer sandwich system can reach 64 decibels.

Example 4

Preparation of gypsum blocks:

Weighing materials:

●Natural gypsum powder 100Kg

●Sodium methyl siliconate 1.5Kg

●Diatomaceous earth 5.0Kg

●PP fiber 0.06Kg

●Perlite 1.5Kg

●Sodium lauryl sulfate 2.6Kg

Put the natural gypsum powder and 70Kg water into the mixer through the automatic metering system, start the mixer, and stir for 1 to 2 minutes to make a slurry, and the mixed gypsum slurry is poured into the vertical mold cavity of the molding machine. Automatic scraping, and then the hydraulic jacking machine ejects the mold cavity, and then starts the gypsum block space fixture, clamps the gypsum block group, walks along the vertical fixture track, and grabs the gypsum block by the automatic fixture to make the gypsum block The block is out of the mold. The resulting gypsum blocks are cube-shaped wall materials with grooves and keys all around.

The artificial drying method is adopted, and the space fixture clamps the gypsum block group, puts it on the kiln car, and enters the tunnel drying kiln for artificial drying. The artificial drying time of the tunnel drying kiln is about 24 hours.

The dried gypsum block has a specification of 666mm×500mm, the total area of the three blocks is 1m ² , and the thickness is 100mm.

Fire performance (implementation GB/T9978-1999) is 100mm: 240minsFRP; sound insulation performance (BSENISO140-3: 1995) is 100mm: 41dBSTC.

Water resistance performance (implementation of BSEN12589: 2001 Part5.8) meets the requirement that the water absorption rate not exceed 5% of its own weight after being placed in water for 2 hours.

After passing the inspection, the products are loaded by the mechanical block unloading machine through the packaging device, and the blocks are bundled into bundles, which are usually transported into the warehouse by a forklift truck.

Example 5

Preparation of gypsum block binder:

The rubber powder is prepared first: methyl acrylate and acrylic modified silicone resin (SH-024 type, Hubei New Sihai Chemical Co., Ltd.) are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1, and the rubber powder is obtained after drying. The main indicators of the acrylic modified silicone resin used are as follows:

project index experiment method Exterior Pale yellow to light brown liquid, opalescent light allowed, no mechanical impurities GB1721 Viscosity (Tu-4 cups, 25°C, S) 15～40 GB1723 Solid content (150℃, 2h)% 50±1 GB1725 Drying time (200℃, h) ≯1.5 GB1728 Heat resistance (250℃, 200h) No foaming, no cracking GB1735

Then mix 100g of gypsum raw material powder, 1g of rubber powder, and 0.03g of citric acid, add 70g of water and stir evenly to form a putty that can be used. The working time of the obtained putty is 60 minutes, the water retention is 95%, the strength is above 5.0mpa, the fluidity is good, and the cohesive force is strong.

Example 6

Referring to Example 5, ethyl acrylate was used to prepare rubber powder. Mix 100g of gypsum raw material powder, 1g of rubber powder, and 0.01g of citric acid, add 60g of water and stir, add PP short fibers during the stirring process, stir evenly to form a putty and then use it.

The fiber length of the PP short fiber is 30mm, and the fiber addition amount is 0.5Kg/m ³ .

Example 7

Referring to Example 5, 2-methyl methacrylate was used to prepare rubber powder. Mix 100g of gypsum raw material powder, 1g of rubber powder, and 0.02g of citric acid, add 65g of water and stir, add PP short fibers during the stirring process, stir evenly to form a putty and then use it.

The fiber length of the PP short fiber is 30mm, and the fiber addition amount is 0.9Kg/m ³ .

Example 8

Referring to Example 5, butyl acrylate was used to prepare rubber powder. Mix 100g of gypsum raw material powder, 1g of rubber powder, and 0.01g of citric acid, add 70g of water and stir, add PP short fibers during the stirring process, and stir evenly to form a putty that can be used.

The fiber length of the PP short fiber is 30mm, and the fiber addition amount is 0.6Kg/m ³ .

Example 9

Before construction, it is necessary to ensure that the ground of the construction site is flat to ensure that the wall after installation is vertical to flat; use the gypsum block of Example 1-4 and the gypsum block adhesive of Example 5-8, and build the wall according to the matching relationship in the following table body:

Wall System A Wall System B Wall System C Wall System D plaster block 1 2 3 4 gypsum block binder 5 6 7 8

The gypsum block adhesive is prepared in advance for use; first, apply the previously mixed adhesive on the bottom and vertical side of the gypsum block; The gaps between the bricks should be filled with adhesive; the installation of the upper bricks should be overlapped with the lower bricks; in this way, they should be installed layer by layer, and the corners of the walls should be occluded; Clean the sawn powder; fill the gap with adhesive after installation; the gap between gypsum blocks and gypsum blocks can be sawed out for filling; finally, the gap on the surface of the gypsum block can be repaired and scraped with adhesive. See Figures 1, 1-1, 1-2, 2, 2-1, 2-2.

Example 10

Stability comparison of wall systems in atmosphere:

In order to test the degree of moisture erosion and damage to the internal structure of the wall in the atmosphere for a long time, three typical environments were designed to observe the weight and volume changes of gypsum blocks.

Test 1: Store the wall system A in a high-humidity environment with a relative humidity of 95% for a long time. Time half a year, test its volume change and weight change.

Test 2: Store the wall system B in an indoor environment for one year, and test the volume change and weight change.

Test 3: Put wall systems C and D under the conditions of alternating dryness and high humidity (humidity 95%), and observe the changes in block volume and weight after 30 cycles.

Experiment 4: Gypsum blocks 3' and 4' were prepared according to Examples 3 and 4 without adding sodium methyl siliconate. According to Example 9, wall systems C' and D' were prepared. Put wall systems C` and D` under the conditions of alternating dryness and high humidity (humidity 95%), observe the changes in block volume and weight after 30 cycles, and repeat Test 3.

The results of test 1 and test 2 show that the moisture absorption of wall systems A and B is very limited in a high humidity environment and indoors, and generally fluctuates in the range of 1%. The pore structure of the gypsum block has a breathing function, that is, when the moisture content inside the block is less than 1%, it will absorb moisture from the atmosphere, and if the moisture content is greater than 1%, it will exhale the excess moisture. Maintain the balance of the moisture content of the blocks. Gypsum blocks have limited moisture absorption and dehumidification functions in the atmosphere, which can create a comfortable space with suitable humidity for the living room.

After 30 times of dry-wet cycles, the specimen in Test 3 is generally wet and dry, and the volume change is that wet is greater than dry, but the overall expansion is still there. In the dry-wet cycle test, although the measured expansion rate is very small, the expansion rate of the specimen will increase a little every time it goes through a cycle, and the expansion rate has risen to 0.07% after 30 cycles.

In test four, the expansion rate of the gypsum blocks placed in wall systems C` and D` increased to 0.09%, showing signs of expansion failure.

The above test shows that the gypsum block has good stability in the atmosphere, and the moisture content only fluctuates around 1%, which will not significantly affect its mechanical strength, and the wall can maintain long-term stability. Tests 3 and 4 show that the gypsum block should not be used directly in the environment of alternating wet and dry. If it is used, a layer of waterproof mortar must be applied on the surface to prevent the gypsum block from directly contacting this environment.

Example 11

Embodiment 1 gypsum block is compared with cement-sand brick and light brick:

It can be seen from the above table that the gypsum block of the present invention can be built up to 7 meters in height without the support of an iron frame, which is a significant improvement in performance compared to existing similar products. At the same time, no waste gas, waste residue, waste water and substances harmful to the human body are emitted during production and use, and the environment is not polluted.

Example 12

Embodiment 1 gypsum block is compared with cement-sand brick and light brick:

It can be seen from the above table that the gypsum block of the present invention can be built up to 7 meters in height without the support of an iron frame, which is a significant improvement in performance compared to existing similar products. At the same time, gypsum is non-toxic, and can also be used for food processing, medicine, waste utilization, recycling, hygiene, and does not pollute the environment. It is an environmentally friendly building material.

Claims (5)

1. an environmental protection walling system, be spliced to form by multiple rectangle gypsum block, stitching portion is connected by gypsum block adhesive cures; Described gypsum block is added water after stirring by gypsum block raw material, casting, and gypsum block rectangular edges has concave groove and male key; Described gypsum block binding agent is Powdered, forms, add water and stir, it is characterized in that: each component of described gypsum block binding agent is configured to before using primarily of gypsum raw material powder:

Gypsum raw material powder 100 weight part;

Rubber powder 1-2 weight part;

Calcium sulphate retarder 0.01-0.03 weight part;

Described rubber powder by acrylate and acryl-modified silicone resin resin according to 5: 1 weight ratio mix and form;

Described acrylate is one or more in methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate, 2-methyl methacrylate, ethyl 2-methacrylate and butyl acrylate;

Described calcium sulphate retarder is citric acid and salt thereof, citric acid and salt thereof mix weight, relative to gypsum raw material powder for being less than 0.03%;

Add filamentary material in described gypsum block binding agent, relative to gypsum block binding agent, addition is 0.5-0.9Kg/m ³.

2. walling system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described filamentary material is PP staple fibre, and staple length is at 30-100mm.

3. walling system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described gypsum block raw material is:

Natural gesso 100Kg

Methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 0.8Kg

Diatomite 1.8Kg

PP fiber 0.1Kg

Perlite 1.5Kg

Sodium lauryl sulphate 1.9Kg;

Or be:

Desulfurization gypsum powder 100Kg

Methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 2.0Kg

Diatomite 3.2Kg

PP fiber 0.01Kg

Perlite 2.0Kg

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2.7Kg;

Or be:

Desulfurization gypsum powder 100Kg

Methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 1.2Kg

Diatomite 2.5Kg

PP fiber 0.1Kg

Perlite 1.8Kg

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2.2Kg;

Or be:

Natural gesso 100Kg

Methyl silicon sodium alcoholate 1.5Kg

Diatomite 5.0Kg

PP fiber 0.06Kg

Perlite 1.5Kg

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2.6Kg.

4. walling system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, when described gypsum block binding agent uses, described binding agent powder is placed in container, then add water, the part by weight of binding agent powder and water is 1: (0.6-0.7), and standing 1-2 minute stirs evenly into putty and namely can use.

5. walling system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, during preparation gypsum block, is mixed by the various compositions of terra alba and interpolation, add the water mixing of solid weight 70-95%, stir, casting, the demoulding, after oven dry, after inspection, packaging, warehouse-in; When using natural gesso, amount of water is the 70-80% of terra alba weight; When using desulfurization gypsum powder, amount of water is the 80-95% of terra alba weight.