CN103206331B - A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine and blade thereof - Google Patents
A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine and blade thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103206331B CN103206331B CN201310049897.2A CN201310049897A CN103206331B CN 103206331 B CN103206331 B CN 103206331B CN 201310049897 A CN201310049897 A CN 201310049897A CN 103206331 B CN103206331 B CN 103206331B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine and blade thereof, belong to energy source and power technical field.Comprise pump turbine, reversible electric machine, runner and deflector, described runner comprises inlet segment runner through successively, stator section runner, runner envelope and S type draft tube runner; Described runner is connected by spindle with reversible electric machine, and runner opposite side is provided with deflector; Described runner comprises runner boss, draft cone, and described runner boss circumferentially evenly arranges blade, and the shape of described blade is that thick middle both sides are thin, and be space three-dimensional distortion curved surface, its spatial character is represented by upper, middle and lower three cross sections; The present invention can meet water turbine generating and pumping for water pump two kinds of operating modes simultaneously, two kinds of operating mode water (flow) directions are contrary, namely same runner will meet the dual requirements drawing water and generate electricity simultaneously, and the efficiency simultaneously can taking into account two operating conditionss is applicable to low water head pumped storage power station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient axle extend through flow type pump turbine of low water head of the pumped storage power station for low water head, belong to Fluid Machinery and Engineering equipment field.
Background technique
Since reform and opening-up, along with the develop rapidly of China's economic construction and improving constantly of living standards of the people, power supply day is becoming tight, and peak valley difference is aggravated gradually.Based on the requirement ensureing power grid security and effectively run, pumped storage power station is as a kind of power station having special nature: peak-clipping and valley-filling, and the functions such as frequency modulation, pressure regulation, emergency duty, black starting-up will be the strategic emphasis of China's power network development.The working method of pumped storage power station utilizes unnecessary electric energy in electric power system, water in reservoir (common name " lower pond ") low for elevation is extracted in the high reservoir of elevation (common name " upper storage reservoir "), is stored in potential energy mode, when system needs electric power, then discharge water to lower pond from upper storage reservoir and generate electricity.Conventionally general pumped storage power station is all that its single-machine capacity of high-head power station is also very large, and it mainly carries out cooperation and runs with electrical network.At present, middle high head and Large Copacity pump turbine have had more deep research at home and abroad, have accumulated design, construction and the experience of operation management, and achieve great successes technically.But, along with the development of new energy is as the exploitation of the new energy such as wind energy, solar energy, Ocean Tidal Current Energy, due to the instability of these energy, as solar energy just can only generate electricity when there being the sun, wind-powered electricity generation can only just can wind-powered electricity generation when wind-force reaches some strength.Particularly these energy may away from bulk power grid in Application and Development process, if some remote districts are as island, the utilization of these new energy defines an isolated little electric power system, in order to ensure the lonely stability of net and the Appropriate application of the energy, in the little electric power system of such mixing multiple-energy-source application, pumped storage power station can be utilized to regulate, and the energy storage when other energy surpluses, provides energy when other energy deficiencies.Such pumped storage power station is generally all very low head, and generally at below 50m, some only has about 10m, and this patent provides a kind of pump turbine runner of low water head pumped storage.This pump turbine runner is tubular two-way Three-blade runner, for reducing investment and arrangement convenience power station employing axle extend through flow type setting type.
Axle extend through flow type pump turbine is studied very few especially in China, the key technologies such as main cause is runner design to axle extend through flow type unit, unit is overall structural type, the design optimization of high-performance runner and the Placement of speed increaser lack deep research, design, cause this structure simple, convenient for installation and maintenance, hydraulic performance is excellent, and the axle extend through flow type unit that civilwork engineering quantity is few fails to obtain exploitation, promote the use of.Simultaneously, China's low-head hydraulic resource is very abundant, particularly East China, south China and coastal area, industrial and agricultural production is flourishing, need for electricity amount increases very fast, the research of novel shaft extension bulb-type tubular hydro set is also applied to low water head pumped storage power station, has profound significance to the comprehensive utilization carrying out new energy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine, contrary with pumping operation mode twice water (flow) direction to solve pump turbine generating operation mode, same runner will meet the dual requirements drawing water and generate electricity simultaneously, and will take into account the efficiency of two operating conditionss simultaneously.
The present invention is the technological scheme solving the problems of the technologies described above proposition: a kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine blade, and the shape of described blade is that thick middle both sides are thin, and be space three-dimensional distortion curved surface, its spatial character is represented by upper, middle and lower three cross sections; Intermediate cross-section adopts molded line simultaneously, and this molded line is formed by the end to end curve combination in upper and lower two ends, with the central point of each molded line in three cross sections for initial point sets up system of coordinates, x
1, x
2, x
3for the abscissa of each coordinate, y
1, y
2, y
3for the y coordinate of each coordinate, F1, F2, F3 represent three molded line respectively, then this blade part branch is as shown in the table in the position of rectangular coordinate system:
Wherein the reaching the standard grade of expression n-th molded line on Fn, represents roll off the production line (n=1,2,3) of the n-th molded line under Fn; Fn is upper _ and Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn upper curve, and Fn is upper _ and Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn upper curve; Under Fn _ Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn lower curve, under Fn _ Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn lower curve.
Preferred: after six curves in described three cross sections, equation is as follows:
F1-F1 upper curve:
y
1＝4.139e-005x
1 3-0.0003387x
1 2-0.4065x
1+1.731
F1-F1 lower curve:
y
1＝4.574e-005x
1 3-0.0006619x
1 2-0.4059x
1-1.201
F2-F2 upper curve:
y
2＝8.084e-005x
2 3-0.0004966x
2 2-0.5473x
2+2.202
F2-F2 lower curve:
y
2＝8.481e-005x
2 3+0.001491x
2 2-0.54141x
2-1.947
F3-F3 upper curve:
y
3＝0.0001776x
3 3-0.003233x
3 2-0.7519x
3+2.966
F3-F3 lower curve:
y
3＝0.0002241x
3 3+0.001285x
3 2-0.8037x
3-2.674。
A kind of based on low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine described above, comprise pump turbine, reversible electric machine, runner and deflector, described runner comprises inlet segment runner through successively, stator section runner, runner envelope and S type draft tube runner; Described reversible electric machine is arranged on outside S type draft tube runner, and described runner is connected by the spindle through runner with reversible electric machine, and the generating operation mode suction side of runner is provided with deflector; Described runner is arranged in runner envelope simultaneously, and deflector is arranged in inlet segment runner and stator section runner; Described runner comprises runner boss, draft cone, and described runner boss is circumferentially evenly provided with the blade that multiple cross section is symmetrical airfoil, and draft cone is installed in the sluicing side of runner boss; The initial laying angle of described blade is 39 °, and adjusted value is between-3 ° ~ 3 °.
Preferred: described deflector comprises deflector and movable guide vane, described movable guide vane is arranged on deflector afterbody, and the number of movable guide vane is 8; Movable guide vane is arranged in stator section runner, and deflector is arranged in inlet segment runner and stator section runner; Described deflector head is spherical, and middle part is cylindrical body, and afterbody is taper, and the cone angle of described taper is 18 °, and the head of described deflector, middle part are arranged in inlet segment runner, and described deflector afterbody is arranged in stator section runner.
Working principle of the present invention: the present invention is applicable to low water head pumped storage power station.Pumped storage power station is a kind of water power plant of special shape, be with conventional hydropower station main difference part: it has upper and lower two reservoirs by water circulation use, its electromechanical equipment is made up of two-part: pump turbine and reversible electric machine, pump turbine is with the dual functions of water turbine and water pump, and reversible electric machine has the dual functions of generator and motor concurrently.Its operation can be divided into two kinds of operating modes, i.e. pump operating condition and hydraulic turbine condition, and the water extraction of lower storage reservoir is raised to upper storage reservoir by pump operating condition, consumes electric energy, converts electrical energy into the potential energy of upper storage reservoir water; During hydraulic turbine condition, the water of upper storage reservoir is put into lower storage reservoir by water turbine, the potential energy of water is converted to electric energy, produce electric energy.The conversion process of energy of its two kinds of operating modes is shown in accompanying drawing 1.When it utilizes other energy of electric power system abundant, by spare capacity and electricity, by motor water pump, the water of lower lower storage reservoir is extracted in eminence upper storage reservoir, this part water yield is stored with potential energy form, when other energy deficiencies, then this part water yield is generated electricity by hydraulic turbine generator, to supplement the deficiency of other energy, the electricity consumption meeting system is stablized, so constantly periodic duty.Water distributor changes exerting oneself or being suitable for the power of pumping for water pump of generating by changing the angle of movable guide vane and change the flow by water turbine thus reaching, simultaneously according to the angle (θ) of laying of the change fine setting runner of head and flow, wheel is turned and the work of movable guide vane joint, ensure that pump turbine runs in efficient district.
A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine of the present invention, compared to existing technology, there is following beneficial effect: the present invention is very high in order to ensure the two-way efficiency of pump turbine, its runner adopts symmetrical airfoil design, can obtain good energy conversion efficiency under generating operation mode and pumping operation mode.When forward generates electricity, current flow through movable guide vane, runner by water inlet flow channel, finally by draft tube discharged to lower reservoir; When oppositely drawing water, water (flow) direction is contrary.Require runner energy two-way working, and forward and reverse work can there is good transformation of energy performance: water can be converted to electric energy as much as possible by forward generating; Oppositely draw water and utilize dump energy that water is evacuated to upper pond, to obtain the potential energy of water as much as possible.Runner energy conversion efficiency reaches more than 80% when forward generates electricity; More than 75% is reached during reverse pump operating condition.This units' installation is easy to maintenance, and in power station, exploitation overall cost is relatively cheap, lower than Bulb Turbine Units cost by about 20%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The energy conversion relation figure of accompanying drawing 1-two operating modes of drawing water and generate electricity;
Accompanying drawing 2-axle extend through flow type pump turbine two dimension runner illustraton of model;
Accompanying drawing 3-axle extend through flow type pump turbine structural representation, Fig. 3 (a) is the structural representation of pump turbine, Fig. 3 (b) is Fig. 3 (a) worm's eye view, Fig. 3 (c) is blade horizontal positioned structural representation, and Fig. 3 (d) is the vertical displacement structure schematic diagram of blade;
Accompanying drawing 4-runner bucket sectional view, three, blade space cross section cross section F1 ~ F3,
Accompanying drawing 5,6,7 is aerofoil profile spatial mode line on F1, F2, F3 tri-cross sections in accompanying drawing 4 successively;
Wherein: S1-inlet segment runner, S2-stator section runner, S3-runner envelope, S4-s type draft tube runner, 1-water inlet cross section, 2-deflector, 3-deflector, 4-movable guide vane, 5-runner, 51-blade, 52-runner boss, 53-draft cone, 6-s type draft tube runner, 7-main shaft, 8-generator, 9-draft tube water outlet cross section, b
2-blade minimum thickness, b
1-maximum blade thickness.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing discloses the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the invention without limitation, explains technological scheme of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type of the present embodiment pump turbine blade, as shown in figure 3 to figure 7, the shape of described blade is that thick middle both sides are thin, and be space three-dimensional distortion curved surface, its spatial character is represented by upper, middle and lower three cross sections; Intermediate cross-section adopts molded line simultaneously, and this molded line is formed by the end to end curve combination in upper and lower two ends, with the central point of each molded line in three cross sections for initial point sets up system of coordinates, x
1, x
2, x
3for the abscissa of each coordinate, y
1, y
2, y
3for the y coordinate of each coordinate, F1, F2, F3 represent three molded line respectively, then this blade part branch is at right angle
The position of coordinate system is as shown in the table:
| Numbering | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 108 | 109 | |
| F1 is upper _ X1 | -59.552 | -50.0 | -40.0 | -20.0 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 30.896 | 40.0 | 52.836 | |
| F1 is upper _ Y1 | 16.119 | 15.821 | 14.627 | 9.851 | 1.642 | -6.119 | -9.851 | -12.090 | -14.776 | |
| Numbering | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 | 113 | 114 | 115 | 116 | 101 | |
| Under F1 _ X1 | 40.0 | 30.896 | 20.0 | 0.0 | -20.149 | -40.0 | -52.985 | -59.552 | 40.0 | |
| Under F1 _ Y1 | -13.284 | -11.940 | -8.806 | -1.493 | 6.866 | 12.985 | 14.776 | 16.119 | -13.284 | |
| Numbering | 201 | 202 | 203 | 204 | 205 | 206 | 207 | 208 | 209 | 210 |
| F2 is upper _ X2 | -48.507 | -40.0 | -30.0 | -20.0 | -10.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 | 30.0 | 40.0 | 44.179 |
| F2 is upper _ Y2 | 18.209 | 18.507 | 15.522 | 12.687 | 7.463 | -3.284 | -8.657 | -12.090 | -15.075 | -16.269 |
| Numbering | 210 | 211 | 212 | 213 | 214 | 215 | 216 | 217 | 218 | 201 |
| Under F2 _ X2 | 40.000 | 30.000 | 21.343 | 10.000 | -10.000 | -20.000 | -30.000 | -40.000 | -48.507 | 40.000 |
| Under F2 _ Y2 | -15.821 | -14.478 | -11.940 | -7.164 | 3.284 | 8.955 | 13.582 | 16.418 | 18.209 | -15.821 |
| Numbering | 301 | 302 | 303 | 304 | 305 | 306 | 307 | 308 | 309 | 310 |
| F3 is upper _ X3 | -35.522 | -30.597 | -25.0 | -15.0 | -5.0 | 5.0 | 15.0 | 25.0 | 30.597 | 35.821 |
| F3 is upper _ Y3 | 17.910 | 17.761 | 16.418 | 13.284 | 6.567 | -0.597 | -8.507 | -15.224 | -18.209 | -19.701 |
| Numbering | 310 | 311 | 312 | 313 | 314 | 315 | 316 | 317 | 318 | 301 |
| Under F3 _ X3 | 35.821 | 30.597 | 25.0 | 15.0 | 5.0 | -5.0 | -15.0 | -25.0 | -30.597 | -35.522 |
| Under F3 _ Y3 | -19.701 | -19.403 | -18.209 | -14.179 | -6.567 | 1.194 | 9.701 | 14.328 | 16.119 | 17.910 |
Wherein the reaching the standard grade of expression n-th molded line on Fn, represents roll off the production line (n=1,2,3) of the n-th molded line under Fn; Fn is upper _ and Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn upper curve, and Fn is upper _ and Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn upper curve; Under Fn _ Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn lower curve, under Fn _ Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn lower curve.
Preferred: after six curves in described three cross sections, equation is as follows:
F1-F1 upper curve:
y
1＝4.139e-005x
1 3-0.0003387x
1 2-0.4065x
1+1.731
F1-F1 lower curve:
y
1＝4.574e-005x
1 3-0.0006619x
1 2-0.4059x
1-1.201
F2-F2 upper curve:
y
2＝8.084e-005x
2 3-0.0004966x
2 2-0.5473x
2+2.202
F2-F2 lower curve:
y
2＝8.481e-005x
2 3+0.001491x
2 2-0.54141x
2-1.947
F3-F3 upper curve:
y
3＝0.0001776x
3 3-0.003233x
3 2-0.7519x
3+2.966
F3-F3 lower curve:
y
3＝0.0002241x
3 3+0.001285x
3 2-0.8037x
3-2.674
A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, comprise pump turbine, reversible electric machine, runner and deflector, described runner comprises inlet segment runner through successively, stator section runner, runner envelope and S type draft tube runner; Described reversible electric machine is arranged on outside S type draft tube runner, described water turbine comprises runner and movable guide vane, described runner is connected by the spindle through runner with reversible electric machine, and reversible electric machine is positioned at the side of runner, and the opposite side of runner is provided with deflector; Described deflector comprises deflector and movable guide vane, and described movable guide vane is arranged on deflector; Described runner is arranged in runner envelope simultaneously, and movable guide vane is arranged in stator section runner, and deflector is arranged in inlet segment runner and stator section runner;
Runner comprises blade, runner boss, draft cone three part as described in Figure 3, and described runner boss is circumferentially evenly provided with the blade that multiple cross section is symmetrical airfoil, and draft cone is installed in the sluicing side of runner boss; The shape of described blade is that thick middle both sides are thin; The initial laying angle θ of described blade is 39 °, and adjusted value is between-3 ° ~ 3 °.The blade number of runner is 3.The blade of runner is a kind of high-efficiency blade, and it combines the advantage of tubular turbine blade and through-flow pump blade, double water turbine and the water pump of doing of runner can be made to use, and have good transformation of energy performance.As shown in Figure 4, runner bucket of chatting is space three-dimensional distortion curved surface, and its spatial character can be represented by multiple cross section, by the crucial molded line of control point matching, then can form space curved surface according to crucial molded line, blade minimum thickness b
2with maximum ga(u)ge b
1ratio be 0.28 ~ 0.35.
The present invention is only only applicable to low water head pumped storage power station, and use head to be 5 ~ 20 meters, can adopt high speed operation because runner size is less, its motion speed is 500rad/s ~ 1000rad/s.
Its operation is divided into two kinds of operating modes, i.e. pump operating condition and hydraulic turbine condition, and pump operating condition obtains kinetic energy by pump turbine by motor and the water extraction of lower storage reservoir is raised to upper storage reservoir, consumes electric energy, converts electrical energy into the potential energy of upper storage reservoir water; Potential energy is converted to electric energy by water turbine by the hydraulic turbine condition i.e. water of upper storage reservoir, produces electric energy, by flowing to lower storage reservoir after water turbine.The present invention can not only two-way working, and has good transformation of energy performance, and runner energy conversion efficiency reaches more than 80% when forward generates electricity; More than 75% is reached during reverse pump operating condition.
The preferred specific embodiment of the present invention described by reference to the accompanying drawings is above only for illustration of embodiments of the present invention; instead of as the restriction to aforementioned invention object and claims content and scope; every according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong to the technology of the present invention and rights protection category.
Claims (4)
1. a low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine blade, is characterized in that: the shape of described blade is that thick middle both sides are thin, and be space three-dimensional distortion curved surface, its spatial character is represented by upper, middle and lower three cross sections; Intermediate cross-section adopts molded line simultaneously, and this molded line is formed by the end to end curve combination in upper and lower two ends, with the central point of each molded line in three cross sections for initial point sets up system of coordinates, x
1, x
2, x
3for the abscissa of each coordinate, y
1, y
2, y
3for the y coordinate of each coordinate, F1, F2, F3 represent three molded line respectively, then this blade part branch is as shown in the table in the position of rectangular coordinate system:
Wherein the reaching the standard grade of expression n-th molded line on Fn, represents roll off the production line (n=1,2,3) of the n-th molded line under Fn; Fn is upper _ and Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn upper curve, and Fn is upper _ and Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn upper curve; Under Fn _ Xn represents the xn coordinate value of molded line Fn lower curve, under Fn _ Yn represents the yn coordinate value (n=1,2,3) of molded line Fn lower curve.
2. low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after six curves in described three cross sections, equation is as follows:
F1-F1 upper curve:
y
1＝4.139e-005x
1 3-0.0003387x
1 2-0.4065x
1+1.731
F1-F1 lower curve:
y
1＝4.574e-005x
1 3-0.0006619x
1 2-0.4059x
1-1.201
F2-F2 upper curve:
y
2＝8.084e-005x
2 3-0.0004966x
2 2-0.5473x
2+2.202
F2-F2 lower curve:
y
2＝8.481e-005x
2 3+0.001491x
2 2-0.54141x
2-1.947
F3-F3 upper curve:
y
3＝0.0001776x
3 3-0.003233x
3 2-0.7519x
3+2.966
F3-F3 lower curve:
y
3＝0.0002241x
3 3+0.001285x
3 2-0.8037x
3-2.674。
3. the low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine based on low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine blade described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise pump turbine, reversible electric machine, runner and deflector, described runner comprises inlet segment runner through successively, stator section runner, runner envelope and S type draft tube runner; Described reversible electric machine is arranged on outside S type draft tube runner, and runner is connected by the spindle through runner with reversible electric machine, and the generating operation mode suction side of runner is provided with deflector; Runner is arranged in runner envelope simultaneously, and deflector is arranged in inlet segment runner and stator section runner; Described runner comprises runner boss, draft cone, and described runner boss is circumferentially evenly provided with the blade that multiple cross section is symmetrical airfoil, and draft cone is installed in the sluicing side of runner boss; The initial laying angle of described blade is 39 °, and adjusted value is between-3 ° ~ 3 °.
4. low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described deflector comprises deflector and movable guide vane, described movable guide vane is arranged on deflector afterbody, and the number of movable guide vane is 8; Movable guide vane is arranged in stator section runner, and deflector is arranged in inlet segment runner and stator section runner; Described deflector head is spherical, and middle part is cylindrical body, and afterbody is taper, and the cone angle of described taper is 18 °, and the head of described deflector, middle part are arranged in inlet segment runner, and described deflector afterbody is arranged in stator section runner.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310049897.2A CN103206331B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine and blade thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310049897.2A CN103206331B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | A kind of low water head axle extend through flow type pump turbine and blade thereof |
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