CN103205561B - Powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method - Google Patents
Powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of powdery difficulty and select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, difficulty is selected iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast by the type of furnace using pelletizing Drying Bed integrated with shaft roasting body, to the fine ore original ore powder after powder process that carries out dry grinding carry out dispensing by a certain percentage with reduction coal dust and bentonite and profit is ground, obtain uniform ingredients and the certain compound of water content, carry out pelletizing, by qualified carbonaceous pelletizing after screening, magnetizing roast is carried out in carrying out drying shaft furnace, pelletizing drying, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling processes, it is directly entered in water and carries out shrend, produce qualified roasting magnetization ore deposit.Using powdery difficulty to select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, after roasted ore magnetic separation, available grade is the iron ore concentrate of 62～63%, and its metal recovery rate and iron concentrate grade ratio use high intensity magnetic separation process to exceed 18 ~ 19% and 13 ~ 14% respectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of beneficiation, select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing shaft furnace coal particularly to a kind of powdery difficulty
Base magnetizing roast method.
Background technology
1, iron ore resource situation
At present, China's Refractory iron ore stone is of a great variety, and reserves are huge, extremely difficult choosing, and useful in most Ore
Mineral are particulate to fine grain teeth cloth, need levigate to-0.074mm(-200 mesh) account for about 80% and just can basically reach monomer dissociation,
The general mechanical-physical ore-dressing technique using routine, is difficult to utilize in economic and efficient mode.
2, the iron ore dressing state of the art
At present, the technology that iron ore dressing is conventional has: the wet grinding ore dressing of iron ore, the dry grinding dry separation of magnetic iron ore, lean red ferrum
The closed circuit magnetizing roast in ore deposit, particulate iron ore gravity treatment, the strong magnetic separation etc. of various types, the efficient preparation equipment of employing, height
Effect floating agent and Novel mineral technique, make mineral processing index achieve greater advance.
Select iron ore of low ore grade (grade is 30 ~ 35%) currently for difficulty, and powdery refractory iron ore uses high intensity magnetic separation work
Skill, its metal recovery rate only have 67 ~ 68% and iron concentrate grade be 48 ~ 49%.Iron ore magnetizing roast technology can be divided into coal base deep
Degree direct-reduction, the direct-reduction of coal base either shallow, gas base degree of depth indirect reduction gentle base either shallow indirect reduction: (1) coal base degree of depth is straight
Connecing reduction is with coal as reducing agent by high temperature reduction equipment, by Fe in Ore at a temperature of 1200 ~ 1300 DEG C3+As much as possible
Being reduced to metal Fe, current domestic industry equipment mainly has rotary hearth furnace, rotary kiln and tunnel cave, there is knot because rotary kiln produces
Circle, rotary hearth furnace produce there is the difficulty that is connected with ironmaking or steel making working procedure, tunnel cave production exists that mechanization degree is low and product
The problems such as quality is unstable, make production application be restricted；(2) direct-reduction of coal base either shallow is with coal as reducing agent, by powder
Fe in ore deposit3+1/3rd reduction be converted into Fe2+, reduction temperature is 750 ~ 850 DEG C, and current domestic industry equipment only has back
Rotary kiln, also exists Ore bonding and the problem of stove ring formation in production；(3) indirect reduction of the gas base degree of depth by with coal gas (CO with
H2For main body) it is reducing agent, by Fe in Ore3+Being reduced to metal Fe as much as possible, its technological temperature is about 950 DEG C, raw
Product also exists the problem that energy consumption is higher；(4) indirect reduction of gas base either shallow is by with coal gas as reducing agent, by Fe in lump ore3+'s
1/3rd are reduced to Fe2+, it is 15 ~ 100mm owing to processing the particle size range of lump ore at present, there is time length, product in reduction process
Can low and reducing degree inhomogeneities from outward appearance to inner essence.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of powdery difficulty and select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast side
Method, to solve in prior art owing to grade difference each during iron ore roasting is relatively big, also exists that ore reduction is uneven, roasting
The problem burning till ring formation phenomenon during high a, rotary kiln produces.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbon containing ball
Group's coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method comprises the following steps:
A, raw material prepare, and are dried the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%,
The dry grinding of B, iron ore and the ball milling of coal, iron ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 90% more than 325 mesh, and coal is milled to granularity and is
0.074mm accounts for 96%；
C, the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite by 94.0 ~ 95.0:2.5 ~ 3.0:
The ratio of 2.5 ~ 3.0 carries out dispensing mixing；
D, the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 6～8min；
E, the pelletizing of compound, be transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray, makes
Carbon containing green pellets, sieves carbon containing green pellets, and green pellets granularity is 8～20mm, and green pellets water content is 7～9%；
F, the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through overdrying
Dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling process, and baking temperature 300～350 DEG C, drying time 20～30min, the recovery time is 40
～60 min, sintering temperature is 650～750 DEG C, and cooling zone temperature is 500～550 DEG C；
G, the cooling of agglomerates, 500～550 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend, make
Its temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, output roasting magnetization ore deposit.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described step B, dry grinding uses raymond mill, and coal selects carbon content to be more than
The bituminous coal of 79.1%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described D step, the green pellets of 20mm is 1 with the ratio of the green pellets of 8mm:
2—2.5。
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described F step, shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the cigarette of the shaft furnace body bed of material
Atmospheric pressure is 24～28Kpa.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in described F step, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3～4 layers of carbon containing green pellets, heat
Gas velocity is 2～3 m/s.
As a further improvement on the present invention, when in described E step, carbon containing green pellets manufactures, addition weight percentage is
The hardening agent of 0.5 1%, hardening agent is basic magnesium chloride (Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Basic magnesium chloride (Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker white in appearance powder, loose, and whisker is microfibre shape, length 5～200 μm, diameter 0.1～5 μm, long
Footpath ratio is more than 20, and dissolubility is little, generally 0.023 42g/L, and density is relatively big, for 1.68llg/cm3, bulk density 0.1
12lg/cm3, it can dissolve rapidly in an acidic solution, and strong to scattering of light ability, heat resistance is good, is heated at 405 DEG C point
Solve.There is excellent fire prevention, fire resistance.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the Approach for Shaft Furnace Roasting Process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, bed depth is, dry
Dry band height is 1.0～1.1m, preheating and baking band height is 1.5～1.6m, soaking zone height is 3.1～3.2m and cooling zone high
Degree is 3.4～3.5m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the Approach for Shaft Furnace Roasting Process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, in shaft furnace in furnace gas
The weight percentage of oxygen content is 1-3%.
The discussion present invention in terms of several below:
One, the present invention uses coal-base shaft furnace either shallow to be reduced directly: with coal as reducing agent, by Fe in fine ore3+1/3rd
Reduction is converted into Fe2+, reduction temperature is 750 ~ 850 DEG C, and current domestic industry equipment only has rotary kiln, there is ore deposit in production
Stone bonding and the problem of stove ring formation；
Coal base either shallow mechanism of direct reduction: to coal base either shallow direct-reduction carbonaceous pelletizing (i.e. under fine granularity, iron ore
Made pelletizing is mixed by a certain percentage with coal) for, the main chemical reactions under roasting condition is as follows:
mFe2O3.nH2O=mFe2O3+nH2O(limonite is heated de-water of crystallization)
3Fe2O3+C=2Fe304+ CO(speculum iron, bloodstone are reduced by carbon)
6Fe2O3+C=4Fe304+CO2(speculum iron, bloodstone are reduced by carbon)
3FeC03=Fe304+CO+2CO2(siderite decomposes)
3Fe2O3+CO=2Fe304+CO2(speculum iron, bloodstone are reduced by CO)
CO2+ C=2CO(separates out CO2Gasification reaction is produced) with carbon
Due to the incomplete contact between solid carbon and solid oxidation ferrum granule, between two solid phases, contact surface is the least, makes
Fe2O3It is the most limited with C direct reaction；Therefore, in carbonaceous pelletizing, iron ore particle and carbon granule are thinner, and reaction the most has
Profit.Fe simultaneously2O3It is to create CO and CO with C direct reaction to the contribution that reduction of carbonaceous pelletizing is maximum2, FeC03Decomposes exists
Generate Fe304Time also output CO and CO2, and at high temperature due to CO2Existence, the C in carbonaceous pelletizing gasified generation CO,
Make Fe2O3It is reduced into Fe304Reaction continue.
In coal base either shallow is reduced directly, the gasification reaction of carbon is carried out 650 DEG C of ability is more significant, its magnetizing roast temperature
Also should be more than 650 DEG C.
Two, powdery difficulty of the present invention selects the mechanism of iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method as follows:
The internal iron ore particle magnetizing roast process of carbonaceous pelletizing is the process of a heterogeneous reaction.The same coal dust of iron ore of certain particle size
Or reducing gas generation chemical reaction, its process can be divided into three phases: (1) spreads and adsorbs.Reducing gases (Gu) bulk diffusion after
By iron ore surface adsorption.(2) chemical reaction.Adsorbed reducing gases (solid) body molecule carry out with the oxygen atom in iron ore and also
Former reaction.(3) desorption of product.The gaseous product generated after reaction departs from iron ore surface, and expands in the opposite direction
It is scattered in gas phase.
Fe in iron ore2O3It is converted into Fe3O4Process be: take off the α-Fe of ore particle outer layer with reducing agent2O3In oxygen, with
Time ferrum oxide lattice can produce the deformation of local, but make whole outer layer remain in that due to lattice and each contacting of adjacent part
The crystal lattice of original bloodstone.Along with the further deoxidation of course of reaction, the reinforcement of local deformation will be caused, cause α-
Fe2O3Outer layer start to change into the γ-Fe containing some pores (the vacant node of ferrum)2O3, and it is vertical to form spinel-type
Prismatic crystal lattice γ-Fe2O3Thin outer layer.All nodes of outside are filled and are transformed into magnetic iron ore, these magnetic iron ores have with γ-
Fe2O3Identical lattice.Superfluous iron ion is by bloodstone and γ-Fe2O3Interface force bloodstone to be transformed into layer by layer
γ-Fe2O3, i.e. γ-Fe2O3Layer is to the interior expansion of ore particle.
Three, to affect the principal element of quality as follows in iron ore magnetizing roast:
1) impact of ore grain size: lump ore there will be the percent reduction inequality higher than internal percent reduction in top layer in roasting process
Even phenomenon.Experiment shows: mean reducing ratio should be than the ferrum in 42.8%(iron ore all with Fe3O4Theoretical value in the presence of form)
Slightly higher, make Ore top layer cross slightly reduction, inside has the most just completed reduction, just can obtain higher metal and return during magnetic separation
Yield.
2) impact of temperature: iron ore during magnetizing roast, temperature too high not only can generating portion Fu Shi body, and
The quartz in Ore and ferrous oxide can be made to generate the ferrosilite of weak magnetic, reduce the magnetic of roasted ore.Therefore, most Ores
Suitable sintering temperature is 650～800 DEG C.
3) impact of reducing atmosphere: iron ore should keep certain reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast.When sintering temperature is
650～750 DEG C and CO/CO2Fe just can be made when ratio is more than 0.422O3Reduction becomes Fe3O4.But reduction rate is not decided by gas
Mutually middle CO or H2Concentration, and be decided by the gaseous molecular (CO of reduction reaction product2And H2O) at the number of mineral surface absorption
Amount.Absorption quantity is the more, then the biggest to the inhibition of reduction reaction.
Micro-oxygenation atmosphere is used: shaft furnace is in roasting process, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, oxygen content is 1-3% in stove of the present invention,
Its cause description is as follows: in carbonaceous pelletizing, and due to the incomplete contact between solid carbon and solid oxidation ferrum granule, two solid
Between Xiang, contact area is less, makes Fe2O3Being the least with C direct reaction, the present invention is to improve the response speed of carbonaceous pelletizing,
In shaft furnace, use micro-oxygenation atmosphere, make the carbon in carbonaceous pelletizing after contact with the micro amount of oxygen in furnace gas, scarce due to carbon
Oxygen reacts and generates a certain amount of CO, thus improves carbonaceous pelletizing interior atmosphere concentration, the most just improves reduction anti-
Answer speed, simultaneously Fe2O3It is to create CO and CO with C direct reaction to the contribution that reduction of carbonaceous pelletizing is maximum2, FeC03It is heated point
Solution is generating Fe304Time also output CO and CO2, and at high temperature due to CO2Existence, the C in carbonaceous pelletizing is gasified generation
CO, makes Fe2O3It is reduced into Fe304Reaction continue.
4) impact of roasting time: during iron ore magnetizing roast, when sintering temperature one timing, with its roasting of increase of granularity
Time should increase；But in roasting granularity one timing, with the raising of sintering temperature, its roasting time reduces accordingly.
Four, powdery difficulty selects the key technology of iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method
(1) selection of coal: the caking property of reduction coal dust has important impact to the selection of magnetic roasting process and equipment.
The coal that caking property is strong, easily lumps in roasting process, hinders pelletizing internal gas flow communication, affects roasting quality, typically can not
Use.The coal of anti-knock properties difference, easily bursts after entering reducing zone, also can affect the gas flowing within pelletizing, this coal one
As can not use.
(2) intensity of carbonaceous pelletizing: the elevated temperature strength of carbonaceous pelletizing and low temperature intensity have bigger difference, because pelletizing exists
During heating or high temperature reduction, can produce a series of physicochemical change inside pelletizing, this all will cause the height of pelletizing
Temperature intensity declines, and easily causes cracking or the powder phenomenon-tion of pelletizing.A certain amount of strengthening should be added when carbonaceous pelletizing manufactures
Agent.
(3) moisture content of carbonaceous pelletizing: the present invention uses the carbonaceous pelletizing containing certain moisture content to be risen on shaft furnace top
The heating of flue gas and be dried, discharge major part moisture content.But when water content is too high in pelletizing, should suitably increase the shaft furnace bed of material
Thickness, but too add deep bed sintering and add again the resistance of the bed of material and reduce the temperature of flue gas.
(4) granularity of pelletizing: when the granularity of pelletizing is bigger, not only reduces overall reaction area, and pelletizing itself
Thermograde is the biggest, easily produces the explosion of pelletizing because of temperature stress；But it is when pellet size is less, stable improving it
Property (thermostability), heat exchange and diffusible while, add the resistance of the bed of material and the heat loss of flue gas.Therefore, pellet size
Should be advisable with 8～20mm, and the ratio of minimum and maximum pelletizing size is not larger than 2.5.
(5) uniformity of pellet size: when the particle size distribution of the pelletizing bed of material is the most uneven, bulk pelletizing can be partial to furnace wall
Near, particulate pelletizing then concentrates on bed of material center, is easily formed about boundary air in furnace wall, affects the also proper mass of pelletizing.
Therefore, production should strictly control less than 8mm with more than the ratio of 20mm pelletizing.
(6) height of the bed of material: furnace gas flowing and heat exchange are had a major impact by the height of the pelletizing bed of material, thus affect Ore
Magnetizing roast quality.
Present invention have the advantage that
(1) powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method and rotary kiln magnetizing roast and
Gas base either shallow indirect reduction technique is different, belongs to coal base either shallow Direct Reduction Technology truly, and its reduction temperature is controlled
System is 650～750 DEG C (shaft furnace combustion chamber smoke temperature is about 850～900 DEG C), far below gas base either shallow indirect reduction temperature
(about 800～850 DEG C), it means that when the shaft furnace of same size uses fine ore coal base magnetic roasting process, productivity ratio uses gas
Base magnetic roasting process will be greatly improved, and burnup (containing reduction coal) also decreases.Adopt simultaneously as pelletizing is dried with roasting
By the integration type of furnace, heat utilization rate is higher, and burnup (containing reduction coal) is lower than rotary kiln.
(2) powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method by small grain size (below 6mm)
Fine ore make carbonaceous pelletizing, use shaft furnace with pressure to carry out high temperature magnetizing roast, make kinetics and the heat of iron ore magnetizing roast
Mechanical condition has obtained very big improvement, improves reduction of iron ore response speed and magnetization quality.Experiment shows, at pellet diameter
When being 700 DEG C for 20mm and reduction temperature, the time needed for using coal base magnetizing roast technology is about 60～70min, ratio gas base
The magnetizing roast technology time shortens 10～20min, within the reduction unevenness of pellet heart table can be controlled in 5%.
(3) present invention uses iron ore autoreduction technology to make roasting quality not affected by shaft furnace atmosphere, uses perpendicular simultaneously
Stove high-temperature roasting and soaking reduction technique, make carbonaceous pelletizing reach the effect of homogenizing roasting, it is to avoid employing gas base Roasting
Quality inhomogeneities from outward appearance to inner essence produced by burning technology, Fe in roasted ore3O4Uniformity and the magnetization quality of distribution are better than back
The magnetizing roast effect of rotary kiln, better than atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace.For the low-grade refractory ore dressing that iron content is 30～35%
Saying, using coal base magnetizing roast technology, metal recovery rate exceeds 5 ~ 6% than atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace, can obtain after roasted ore magnetic separation
To the iron ore concentrate that grade is 61～62%.
(4) present invention uses (24 ~ 28Kpa) with pressure shaft furnace to carry out magnetizing roast, advantageously reduces into stove carbonaceous pelletizing
Granularity (granularity can reach 8 ~ 20mm), reduces the height of the shaft furnace bed of material and enters stove pellet strength.Experiment shows, the furnace zone bed of material is high
Degree is 1.5 1.6m and pelletizing comprcssive strength is more than 10N/, and drop strength is more than 5 times/, so that it may meets and produces needs.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples can further illustrate the present invention, but limits the present invention never in any form.
Following example raw material selects powdery difficulty to select iron ore of low ore grade (grade is 30 ~ 35%).
Embodiment 1
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas；
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%；Dry grinding uses raymond mill, and coal selects carbon content to be the bituminous coal of more than 79.1%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 94.0:3.0:3.0's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing；
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 6min；
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride (Mg that weight percentage is 0.5%3
(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, screening uses circle roller screen by granularity less than 8mm and the green-ball more than 20mm
Group's sieve goes, and the ratio of maximum particle size and minimum particle size is 1～2.5.Green pellets water content is 7%；
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 300 DEG C, drying time 20
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 2m/s, recovery time 40 min, sintering temperature 650
DEG C, cooling zone 500 DEG C；The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 24Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 1%；Dry zone height is 1.0m, preheating roasting
Burning band height is 1.5m, soaking zone height is 3.1m and cooling zone height is 3.4m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 500 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the iron ore concentrate that grade is 62.4% after magnetizing roast,
Mean magnetizing rate is 89.5%, and metal recovery rate is 85.4%.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas.
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 94.5:2.5:3.0's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 7min.
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride that weight percentage is 0.75%
(Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, green pellets granularity is 15mm, and green pellets water content is 8%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 300 DEG C, drying time 20
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 2m/s, recovery time 50 min, sintering temperature 650
DEG C, cooling zone 500 DEG C.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 26Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 3%；Dry zone height is 1.1m, preheating roasting
Burning band height is 1.6m, soaking zone height is 3.2m and cooling zone height is 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 500 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the iron ore concentrate that grade is 62.5% after magnetizing roast,
Mean magnetizing rate is 90.0%, and metal recovery rate is 85.5%.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas.
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 94.5:2.5:3.0's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 7min.
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride that weight percentage is 1.0%
(Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, green pellets granularity is 20mm, and green pellets water content is 8%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 300 DEG C, drying time 25
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 2m/s, recovery time 60 min, sintering temperature 650
DEG C, cooling zone 500 DEG C.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 28Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 2%；Dry zone height is 1.0m, preheating roasting
Burning band height is 1.55m, soaking zone height is 3.15m and cooling zone height is 3.45m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 500 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the Haematite that grade is 62.53% after magnetizing roast
Ore deposit, mean magnetizing rate is 90.1%, and metal recovery rate is 85.53%.
Embodiment 4
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas.
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 95.0:2.5:2.5's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride that weight percentage is 0.5%
(Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, green pellets granularity is 8mm, and green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 350 DEG C, drying time 30
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 3m/s, recovery time 40 min, sintering temperature 700
DEG C, cooling zone 550 DEG C.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 24Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 3%；Dry zone height is 1.0m, preheating roasting
Burning band height is 1.5m, soaking zone height is 3.1m and cooling zone height is 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 550 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the Haematite that grade is 62.88% after magnetizing roast
Ore deposit, mean magnetizing rate is 96.2%, and metal recovery rate is 85.88%.
Embodiment 5
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas.
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 95.0:2.5:2.5's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride that weight percentage is 1.0%
(Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, green pellets granularity is 15mm, and green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 350 DEG C, drying time 30
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 3m/s, recovery time 50 min, sintering temperature 700
DEG C, cooling zone 550 DEG C.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 26Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 2%2.；Dry zone height is 1.1m, preheating
Roasting band height is 1.6m, soaking zone height is 3.2m and cooling zone height is 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 550 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the Haematite that grade is 62.95% after magnetizing roast
Ore deposit, mean magnetizing rate is 99.1%, and metal recovery rate is 85.95%.
Embodiment 6
Step 1: raw material prepares, is dried, by combustion furnace hot waste gas the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%
Delivering in drying machine, iron ore fully carries out with hot waste gas contacting and heat convection, after making a part of water evaporates in material
Taken away by flue gas.
Step 2: iron ore dry grinding and the ball milling of coal, mog is for account for 90% more than 325 mesh, and the granularity of coal is 0.074mm
Account for 96%.
Step 3: the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, presses 95.0:2.5:2.5's by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite
Ratio carries out dispensing mixing.
Step 4: the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 8min.
Step 5: the pelletizing of compound, is transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray,
Make carbon containing green pellets, when carbon containing green pellets manufactures, add the hardening agent basic magnesium chloride that weight percentage is 0.5%
(Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.Being sieved by carbon containing green pellets, green pellets granularity is 20mm, and green pellets water content is 9%.
Step 6: the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, is distributed in stove through roof material distributing car,
Carbon containing green pellets processes through dry, preheating, roasting, soaking, cooling in shaft furnace；Baking temperature 350 DEG C, drying time 30
Min, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3 layers of carbon containing green-ball, and steam flow speed control is at 3m/s, recovery time 60 min, sintering temperature 700
DEG C, cooling zone 550 DEG C.The roasting thermal source of shaft furnace uses low-heat value gas, and shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the shaft furnace body bed of material
Flue gas pressures is 28Kpa, and in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is 2%；Dry zone height is 1.0m, preheating roasting
Burning band height is 1.6m, soaking zone height is 3.2m and cooling zone height is 3.5m.
Step 7: the cooling of agglomerates, 550 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is
Temperature is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, the roasting magnetization ore deposit that output is qualified.
Compared with high intensity magnetic separation process, the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and makes more difficult utilization
Powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, obtain the iron ore concentrate that grade is 62.9% after magnetizing roast,
Mean magnetizing rate is 97%, and metal recovery rate is 85.9%.
According to the production technology of the present invention, use iron content be 30～35% and granularity be the refractory iron ore of below 6mm,
It produces measured data as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
The varigrained percent reduction of table 1 coal base reduction
Table 2 coal base reduction is in the susceptibility of different grain size, sintering temperature and recovery time
The metal recovery rate of existing high intensity magnetic separation process only has 67 ~ 68%, and iron concentrate grade is only 48 ~ 49%.By above-mentioned
Measured data it can be seen that use powdery difficulty of the present invention select iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method,
After roasted ore magnetic separation, available grade is the iron ore concentrate of 62～63%, and its metal recovery rate and iron concentrate grade ratio use high intensity magnetic separation
Technique exceed respectively 18 ~ 19% and 13 ~ 14%, and roasted ore in Fe3O4 distribution uniformity and magnetization quality be better than rotary kiln, more
It is better than the magnetizing roast effect of atmospheric gas base reduction shaft furnace, illustrates that the present invention can improve the metallic magnetic rate of iron ore roasting, and
The powdery difficulty making more difficult utilization selects iron ore of low ore grade to obtain efficient recycling, can significantly alleviate domestic iron ore rich ore
The problem of inadequate resource, also can solve simultaneously domestic powdery difficulty select iron ore of low ore grade to store up in a large number and massive iron ore resource not
Foot and fine ore pollute the problem of environment, significant for China's sustainable development.
Claims (7)
1. a powdery difficulty selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, it is characterised in that it include with
Lower step:
A, raw material prepare, and are dried the water content powdered iron Ore more than 7%,
The dry grinding of B, iron ore and the ball milling of coal, iron ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 90% more than 325 mesh, and it is 0.074mm's that coal is milled to granularity
Account for 96%；
C, the dispensing of carbonaceous mixture, by the Iron Ore Powder of milled, coal dust and bentonite by 94.0～95.0:2.5～3.0:2.5
～the ratio of 3.0 carries out dispensing mixing；
D, the profit mill of compound, the compound prepared enters in damp mill, and profit time consuming is 6～8min；
E, the pelletizing of compound, be transported to fine grinding material on balling disk (-sc), makes fine grinding material be wet by water spray, makes carbon containing
Green pellets, sieves carbon containing green pellets, and green pellets granularity is 8～20mm, and green pellets water content is 7～9%；
F, the shaft roasting of carbon containing green-ball, carbon containing green pellets delivers to shaft furnace furnace roof, carbon containing green pellets in shaft furnace through being dried, pre-
Heat, roasting, soaking, cooling process, and baking temperature 300～350 DEG C, drying time 20～30min, the recovery time is 40～60
Min, sintering temperature is 650～750 DEG C, and cooling zone temperature is 500～550 DEG C；
G, the cooling of agglomerates, 500～550 DEG C of agglomerates that shaft furnace is discharged are directly entered in water and carry out shrend so that it is temperature
Degree is quickly cooled to less than 70 DEG C, output roasting magnetization ore deposit；
In described E step, the green pellets of 20mm is 1:2 2.5 with the ratio of the green pellets of 8mm.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 1 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
Being characterised by: in described step B, dry grinding uses raymond mill, coal selects the carbon content bituminous coal more than 79.1%.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 1 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
It is characterised by: in described F step, shaft furnace two side combusion chamber enters the flue gas pressures of the shaft furnace body bed of material is 24～28Kpa.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 3 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
Being characterised by: in described F step, drying bed thickness of feed layer is 3～4 layers of carbon containing green pellets, steam flow velocity is 2～3 m/s.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 4 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
It is characterised by: in described E step, carbon containing green pellets adds the hardening agent that weight percentage is 0.5 1%, hardening agent when manufacturing
For basic magnesium chloride (Mg3(0H)5CI.4H20) whisker.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 5 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
Being characterised by: in the Approach for Shaft Furnace Roasting Process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, bed depth is, dry zone height is 1.0～1.1m, pre-
Thermal bake-out band height is 1.5～1.6m, soaking zone height is 3.1～3.2m and cooling zone height is 3.4～3.5m.
Powdery difficulty the most according to claim 6 selects iron ore of low ore grade carbonaceous pelletizing coal-base shaft furnace magnetizing roast method, its
It is characterised by: in the Approach for Shaft Furnace Roasting Process of described F step carbon containing green-ball, in shaft furnace, in furnace gas, the weight percentage of oxygen content is
1-3%。
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| CN103849759B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-06-17 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Roasting method of efficiently controlling iron ores to be magnetized |
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