Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of corn stubble mulch film picking up machine, without the need to watering after maize straw results, just can directly pick up at corn root stub land the residual film removed in this soil, be particularly useful for removing the residual film in the soil leaving the hard stubbles such as corn stubble, and it is breaking while the residual film of removing, whole, reduce manual work, individual event mechanical work program, lower operating cost and improve land efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method using the whole ground of above-mentioned remnant film picker breaking.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of corn root stub land remnant film picker, comprise frame, frame one end is provided with hitch frame, below frame, along being provided with preposition land wheel successively away from the direction of hitch frame, the film device that broken ground, Repressing roller, native membrane separation device and rearmounted land wheel, the frame other end is provided with can the lifting arc gathering unit that can decline; Repressing roller and native membrane separation device all can move along the upper and lower profiling of ground surface.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of with above-mentioned corn stubble ground remnant film picker breaking method of soil preparation, will need the field on the whole ground of breaking after this damaged film gathering machine travel to maize straw results; Adjust the height of the film device that broken ground, driving remnant film picker moves forward, control is broken ground degree of depth 50cm, the film device that broken ground is needled corn stubble, is scratched earth's surface, the mixture of soil block, residual film and stalk composition oppositely flows backwards along the film device that broken ground, in this mixture, the soil block of heavier-weight and stalk first drop on earth's surface in reverse refluence process, and drop on earth's surface after the residual film of lighter in weight; The soil block dropped on earth's surface, through Repressing roller hack, completes hack and plays membrane process; Native membrane separation device completes hack subsequently, residual film is separated with stalk again; Adjust the embedded depth of arc gathering unit, arc gathering unit lower end is made to insert in loose soil, and streak loose soil, hack spills from the gap of arc gathering unit, residual film and stalk are tackled by arc gathering unit, be gathered in arc gathering unit, when the residual film in arc gathering unit and straw collecting are to after a certain amount of, promote arc gathering unit, the residual film in arc gathering unit and stalk are come off.
Remnant film picker of the present invention has been integrated with film device, soil crushing device, native membrane separation device and bow tooth gathering unit, can the hard stubble that not water do in ground and carry out damaged film gathering and hard stubble breaks root after maize straw results, solve the difficult problem that seed production corn Industry Development on Environment pollutes, achieve the new breakthrough that seed production corn plants multiple operation, residual film machine is picked up.This machine productivity ratio 3 ~ 6 mu/hour, improve work efficiency more than 40 times than manually picking up, mu reduces producing cost 150 yuan, achieves that corn entire mechanization is formed a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees, the new breakthrough of series matching.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of remnant film picker of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of film device of having broken ground in remnant film picker of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of native membrane separation device in remnant film picker of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of arc gathering unit in remnant film picker of the present invention.
In figure, 1. hitch frame, 2. front beam, 3. the first hanger, 4. preposition land wheel, 5. broken ground film device, 6. the second hanger, 7. longeron, 8. the first pull bar, 9. Repressing roller, 10. the first chaining, 11. second pull bars, 12. native membrane separation devices, 13. second chainings, 14. native membrane separation device profiling connecting rods, 15. rearmounted land wheels, 16. arc gathering units, 17. links, 18. hydraulic lifts, 19. rear cross beams, 20. draw-off mechanisms, 21. intermediate transverse girders, 22. first poles, tooth is picked up in 23. breakings, 24. second poles, 25. transition teeth, 26. break ground deep loosening tooth, 27. hanging scrolls, the sliding seesaw of 28. depth stops, 29. native UF membrane teeth, 30. duck tongue feelers, 31. connect pawl, 32. rotating shafts, 33. collect tooth, 34. connecting rods, 35. adjusters, 36. bearings.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, corn root stub land remnant film picker of the present invention, to comprise between two longerons, 7, two longerons 7 of be arrangeding in parallel, is provided with front beam 2, intermediate transverse girder 21 and rear cross beam 19 successively along the length direction of longeron 7; Front beam 2, intermediate transverse girder 21, rear cross beam 19 and two longerons 7 form frame; Front beam 2 is provided with hitch frame 1, hitch frame 1 is connected with rear cross beam 19 by draw-off mechanism 20, and front beam 2 lower end is connected with two the first hangers 3 side by side; The other end that two longerons 7 one end affixed with front beam 2 is separately installed with a preposition land wheel 4, two longerons 7 is separately installed with a rearmounted land wheel 15, the height of preposition land wheel 4 and the height of rearmounted land wheel 15 all adjustable.The film device 5 that broken ground, Repressing roller 9 and native membrane separation device 12 is provided with successively below frame, along the direction away from hitch frame 1; The broken ground upper end of film device 5 is connected with intermediate transverse girder 21, and the height of the film device 5 that broken ground can up-down adjustment; Repressing roller 9 is connected with two the first hangers 3 respectively by two first pull bars 8, namely one end of first pull bar 8 is connected with one end that Repressing roller 9 levels axle with a roller, the other end of this first pull bar 8 is sold with first hanger 3 and is connected, first pull bar 8 can around this pin reciprocating rotation, Repressing roller 9 is also connected with frame by two first chainings 10, namely one end of Repressing roller 9 roll shaft is connected with a longeron 7 by first chaining 10, and Repressing roller 9 can around own axis; The lower surface of two longerons 7 is connected with respectively the second hanger 6, soil membrane separation device 12 is connected with these two the second hangers 6 respectively by two second pull bars 11, namely one end of native membrane separation device 12 is connected with one end of second pull bar 11, the other end of this second pull bar 11 is sold with second hanger 6 and is connected, and this second pull bar 11 can around this pin reciprocating rotation; Every one end of soil membrane separation device 12 is also connected with frame with native membrane separation device profiling connecting rod 14 by the second chaining 13, soil membrane separation device profiling connecting rod 14 comprises the vertical rod vertically arranged, block, spring and lower block is set with successively in this vertical rod, from top to bottom, upper block and frame affixed, lower block and vertical rod affixed, the lower end of this vertical rod is connected with native membrane separation device 12, and this vertical rod can vertically move back and forth up and down.
Frame is provided with link 17 away from one end of hitch frame 1, link 17 is connected with frame towards one end of hitch frame 1 by bearing pin, link 17 up and down reciprocatingly can rotate around this bearing pin, frame is also provided with hydraulic lift 18, link 17 can be driven to rotate around bearing pin by hydraulic lift 18; One end that link 17 deviates from hitch frame 1 is provided with arc gathering unit 16.
As shown in Figure 2, broken ground in corn root stub land remnant film picker of the present invention film device 5, comprise the many breakings be arranged side by side and pick up tooth 23, the main body that tooth 23 comprises " L " shape is picked up in breaking, this main body longer arm is vertically arranged, its upper end is connected with intermediate transverse girder 21, breaking picks up the free end of tooth 23 compared with galianconism towards preposition land wheel 4, and it is downward-sloping, it is 30 ° that breaking picks up tooth 23 compared with the angle between galianconism and horizontal plane, what this free end was connected with taper picks up pawl, and pick up pawl downward-sloping, this angle picking up between pawl and horizontal plane is 45 °; All breakings are picked up tooth 23 and are connected with the second pole 24 by the first pole 22, first pole 22 is towards picking up pawl, adjacent two breakings are picked up on the first pole 22 between tooth 23 and are provided with the many deep loosening tooths 26 that break ground side by side, the angle broken ground between deep loosening tooth 26 and horizontal plane is 25 °, and in adjacent two breaking many of picking up between tooth 23 break ground deep loosening tooth 26, adjacent two distances of breaking ground between deep loosening tooth 26 are 60cm; Break ground one end of deep loosening tooth 26 and the first pole 22 affixed, break ground the other end of deep loosening tooth 26 towards hitch frame 1, second pole 24 has been arranged side by side multiple transition tooth 25, and one end and second pole 24 of transition tooth 25 are affixed, and the other end of transition tooth 25 is towards link 17.
The structure of native membrane separation device 12 in corn root stub land remnant film picker of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, comprise the sliding seesaw of the multiple leg-of-mutton depth stop be arranged side by side (the sliding seesaw of depth stop) 28, the sliding seesaw 28 of the plurality of depth stop is connected with a connecting rod by hanging scroll 27, hanging scroll 27 and this connecting rod form an inclined-plane towards hitch frame 1 direction, this inclined-plane are connected with side by side many native UF membrane teeth 29; Be positioned at the sliding seesaw 28 of outermost two depth stops to be connected with frame respectively by the second pull bar 11, the axle head of hanging scroll 27 is connected with native membrane separation device feeler 14 with the second chaining 13 respectively.
As shown in Figure 4, arc gathering unit 16 in corn root stub land remnant film picker of the present invention, comprise the collection tooth 33 of the many arches be arranged in parallel, many one end of collecting tooth 33 diameter larger are connected by rotating shaft 32, many middle parts of collecting tooth 33 are connected by connecting rod 34, rotating shaft 32 is set with multiple connection pawl 31, the one end connecting pawl 31 is sleeved in rotating shaft 32, connect pawl 31 can 32 rotate around the shaft, the other end connecting pawl 31 stretches in duck tongue feeler 30, and it is hinged with duck tongue feeler 30, duck tongue feeler 30 is tubular construction, connect pawl 31 can around the jointed shaft with duck tongue feeler 30 among a small circle in reciprocating rotation, connecting rod 34 is provided with the adjuster 35 of two adjustable lengths, one end of adjuster 35 is connected with connecting rod 34, the other end and the bearing 36 of adjuster 35 are hinged, bearing 36 is affixed with link 17.
After maize straw results, because the corn stubble stayed in soil is large and hard, traditional mulch film picking up machine cannot carry out damaged film gathering, more cannot carry out breaking to corn stubble.Usually be all that manually to carry out breaking to corn field whole: after generally watering in the fall, plot surface moisture reaches manually-operated degree, through removing residual film with rake---exclude root stubble with spade or hoe---root block dries---smash with wooden mallet or roller crush---manually remove---plough soil---raking---suppress seven procedures after again could sow in this block soil; Inefficiency, labour intensity are large.
When repairing the soil after harvesting corn stalk with remnant film picker of the present invention, do not need to water, mulch film pliability is better than spring, directly can pick up residual film, broken corn root stubble, pick up rear residual mulch film fragment few, selecting rate, breaking rate are high, and soil block is few, seeding operation is good by property, emergence rate is high.The corn rootstalk cutting device of this remnant film picker adopts double-deck in the same way, and two kinds of teeth that length is different with angle of penetration carry out breaking ground, breaking skinning.The method on the whole ground of breaking of this remnant film picker is: this remnant film picker and power vehicle are mounted mutually by hitch frame 1, draw the field needing the whole ground of breaking to maize straw results; Adjust the height of the film device 5 that broken ground, power vehicle draws remnant film picker of the present invention and moves forward, and the pawl of picking up that breaking is picked up on tooth 23 progresses in soil with the deep loosening tooth 26 that breaks ground, and controls to break ground degree of depth 50cm, to prevent, hard stub land is bittiness to block up, and affects damaged film gathering effect.Pick up tooth 23 due to multiple breaking and form the sharp rake like nail of rake teeth, it is high that density is large, degree is picked up in combing, and choose root breaking performance by force, also have the effect of hack concurrently, the hard stubble that therefore breaking is picked up in tooth 23 pairs of soil carries out fragmentation.Breaking is picked up when tooth 23 runs forward and is needled corn stubble by sharp-pointed rake teeth, scratch earth's surface, but soil block, residual film and stalk composition mixture along breaking pick up tooth 23 comparatively the galianconism flank of tooth oppositely flow backwards, in this mixture, the soil block of heavier-weight and stalk first drop on earth's surface in reverse refluence process, and after the residual film of lighter in weight flows through transition tooth 25, drop on earth's surface; Drop at the soil block on earth's surface, through Repressing roller 9 hack, complete hack and pick up ground membrane process; Native membrane separation device 12 carries out secondary and picks up subsequently, completes hack, stalk is separated with residual film again.Adjust the embedded depth of arc gathering unit 16, many lower ends of collecting tooth 33 are made to insert in loose soil, and streaking loose soil, hack is collected the space between tooth 33 from many and is spilt, and residual film and stalk are tackled by many collection teeth 33, are gathered in arc gathering unit 16.Owing to needing to remain certain insertion depth and angle between arc gathering unit 16 and earth's surface, to ensure to carry out on earth's surface picking up operation.If arc gathering unit 16 is rigidly connected with link 17, there is no free gap between the two, so run into ground when being uneven, arc gathering unit 16 is under ground effects, can by force with surface relief, drive link 17 to rise and fall simultaneously, and then by force transmission to hydraulic lift 18, hydraulic lift 18 will certainly be damaged, therefore remnant film picker of the present invention devises duck tongue feeler 30, arc gathering unit 16 and link 17 is connected by duck tongue feeler 30, when arc gathering unit 16 is with surface relief, arc gathering unit 16 is done profiling around the pin joint connecting pawl 31 and duck tongue feeler 30 with surface relief and is rotated, eliminate surface relief to the adverse effect of hydraulic lift 18.Pick up, breaking, in whole ground process, arc gathering unit 16 moves with Ground Operation profiling around connecting the jointed shaft of pawl 31 with duck tongue feeler 30 all the time, under gravity, fall after rise at any time to job position, ensure arc pick up tooth pick up the embedded depth of residual film and operating position relatively stable.When the residual film in arc gathering unit 16 and straw collecting are to after a certain amount of, promote arc gathering unit 16 by hydraulic lift 18, the residual film in arc gathering unit 16 and stalk are come off, reach the object on cleaning earth's surface.
Root stub land remnant film picker of the present invention is integrated with breaking and plays film device, soil crushing device, pick-up unit and gathering unit, the supporting important facility of corn entire mechanization, easy to operate efficiency is high, corn stubble can be adapted to preferably, tillage condition that overlay film crops, residual film machine are picked up, meet the strategic requirement of ecological construction, positive effect will be played for moving forward steadily of new countryside construction process, realize robotic serial operation, reduce manual work intensity, meet the requirement of corn seeding.