CN103197338B - 水下辐射监测方法及系统 - Google Patents
水下辐射监测方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103197338B CN103197338B CN201310138972.2A CN201310138972A CN103197338B CN 103197338 B CN103197338 B CN 103197338B CN 201310138972 A CN201310138972 A CN 201310138972A CN 103197338 B CN103197338 B CN 103197338B
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- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium iodide Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K Lanthanum(III) bromide Chemical compound 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- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium Chemical compound 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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound 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[Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明提出一种水下辐射监测方法及系统。其中，系统包括：探测模块用于探测水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号，其中，探测模块包括多个探测器；脉冲处理模块用于对电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据；能谱分析模块用于通过反符合方法和虚拟效率刻度程序分析脉冲能谱数据以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度；电源模块用于为探测模块、脉冲处理模块和能谱分析模块供电。根据本发明实施例的系统，通过多个探测器将水下辐射粒子发出的射线转变为电脉冲信号进行监测，并由能谱分析模块对测量信号进行分析，从而识别放射性物质的核素活度浓度，提高了系统的测量效率和核素分辨效果，同时还降低了环境放射性因素对测量结果的影响。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及辐射领域，特别涉及一种水下辐射监测方法及系统。
背景技术
[0002] 随着核能与核技术利用的快速发展核安全逐渐被人们所重视。其中，应急辐射监测是核应急准备和响应中的必不可少的应急响应行动，可为辐射事故的探查、评价以及事故控制缓解行动和紧急辐射防护行动的决策提供依据。
[0003]目前现有的水体放射性环境监测采用的方法有水下就地γ能谱测量方法和实验室样品分析。其中，实验室样品分析方法是核电站液态流出物常规监测方法。由于海洋中放射性核素含量比较少，通常需要大量采集当地海水，并通过放射化学前期处理富集样品，最后用低本底伽玛谱仪进行测量。由于需要样品数量大、采样比较困难，此方法采样频次一般都不高。但在事故情况下，采用这种方法很难实时监测到放射性流出物在海洋中的泄露。
[0004] 采用水下就地γ能谱测量方法是通过建设海洋放射性环境监测网络，并使用碘化钠等闪烁探测器探测海洋或其它水体中的放射性核素。而现有的γ能谱测量方法通常使用单一探头进行辐射测量，存在测量效率有限的问题，同时其测量结果容易受到环境放射性因素的影响。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明的目的旨在至少解决上述的技术缺陷之一。
[0006] 为达到上述目的，本发明一方面的实施例提出一种水下辐射监测系统，包括:探测模块，用于探测水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号，其中，所述探测模块包括多个探测器；脉冲处理模块，用于对所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据；能谱分析模块，用于通过反符合方法及虚拟效率刻度程序分析所述脉冲能谱数据以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度；电源模块，用于为所述探测模块、脉冲处理模块和所述能谱分析模块供电。
[0007] 根据本发明实施例的系统，通过多个探测器将水下辐射粒子发出的射线转换为电脉冲信号进行监测，并由能谱分析模块对测量信号进行分析，从而识别放射性物质的核素活度浓度，提高了系统的测量效率和核素分辨效果，同时还降低了环境放射性因素对测量结果的影响。
[0008] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述系统还包括:设置在所述脉冲处理模块和所述能谱分析模块之间的存储模块，所述存储模块用于存储所述脉冲能谱数据，并将所述脉冲能谱数据提供给所述能谱分析模块。
[0009] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述能谱分析模块用于根据核数据库的分析数据识别监测核素。
[0010] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述能谱分析模块用于根据核素的虚拟效率刻度程序以获得核素活度浓度信息。[0011 ] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述探测模块还用于对所述电脉冲信号进行滤波。
[0012] 为达到上述目的，本发明的实施例另一方面提出一种水下辐射监测方法，包括以下步骤:通过多个探测器测量水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号；将所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别处理以生成脉冲能谱数据；通过反符合方法和虚拟效率刻度程序对所述脉冲处理数据进行能谱分析以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度。
[0013] 根据本发明实施例的方法，通过多个探测器对水下辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号进行监测，再进行能谱分析，从而识别放射性物质的核素活度浓度，提高了系统的测量效率和核素分辨效果，同时还降低了环境放射性因素对测量结果的影响。
[0014] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述方法还包括:所述多个探测器所测量的电脉冲信号存储在存储设备中之后，对所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据。
[0015] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述能谱分析为根据核数据库的分析数据识别监测核素。
[0016] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述能谱分析为根据核素的虚拟效率刻度程序以获得核素活度浓度信息。
[0017] 本发明的一个实施例中，所述多个探测器还对所述电脉冲信号进行滤波。
[0018] 本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
[0019] 本发明上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中:
[0020]图1为根据本发明一个实施例的水下辐射监测系统的框架图；以及
[0021]图2为根据本发明一个实施例的水下辐射监测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
[0022] 下面详细描述本发明的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
[0023] 图1为根据本发明一个实施例的水下辐射监测系统的框架图。如图1所示，根据本发明实施例的水下辐射监测系统，包括探测模块100、脉冲处理模块200、能谱分析模块300和电源模块400。
[0024] 探测模块100用于探测水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转化为电脉冲信号，其中，探测模块包括多个探测器，并且多个探测器对电脉冲信号进行滤波以防止自然因素对分析结果的影响。
[0025] 具体地，探测模块的多个探测器将辐射粒子在探测器内部沉积的能量转换为电脉冲信号，且该探测模块的多个探测器可以是碘化钠、溴化镧、塑料闪烁体、硅、锗、碲锌镉等中的一种或几种制成。多探测器结构可以有效提高系统探测效率，并可以利用反符合工作方式降低系统福射本底。
[0026] 脉冲处理模块200用于对电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据。
[0027] 具体地，脉冲处理模块对电脉冲信号经过放大、甄别和成型电路处理后存储在存储模块中。存储模块与脉冲处理模块相连。
[0028] 能谱分析模块300用于通过反符合方法和虚拟效率刻度程序分析脉冲能谱数据以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度。
[0029] 具体地，存储模块与能谱分析模块相连，其连接方式为有线连接方式，例如，USB/RS232/Ethernet等，或者是无线连接方式，例如，3G/CDMA/GSM/GPRS/无线电等。能谱分析模块接收到脉冲能谱数据后通过自动寻找电脉冲信号的峰并与核数据库的分析数据进行比较来识别监测核素。此外，能谱分析模块还通过与核素的虚拟效率刻度程序的数据进行比较以获得核素活度浓度信息。
[0030] 在本发明的一个实施例中，能谱分析模块不但可以工作在“单晶”工作方式下，还可以工作在“反符合”工作方式下。单晶工作方式下，能谱分析模块将多个探测器输出的脉冲信号全部进行分析，进而增加了探测器的探测体积，因此可有效提高探测效率。反符合工作方式下，能谱分析模块根据各个探测器的输出数据，去除各探测器“同时”产生的信号，由此可减少康普顿散射和宇宙射线的影响，同时提高了系统探测效率。
[0031 ] 在本发明的一个实施例中，虚拟效率刻度程序可基于蒙特卡罗方法或数值积分方法，在水下测量环境中无法使用标准放射源对探测器进行探测效率刻度的情况下，通过模拟计算得到探测器的探测效率。探测器所得计数率除以探测效率即可获得核素活度相关信息。此外，虚拟效率刻度程序还可自动扣除水体中4°κ核素的影响，有效提高系统测量灵敏度。
[0032] 电源模块400用于为探测模块、脉冲处理模块和能谱分析模块供电。
[0033] 具体地，电源模块分别于探测模块、脉冲处理模块和能谱分析模块相连并为其供电。
[0034] 根据本发明实施例的系统，通过多个探测器探测水下辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号进行监测，并由能谱分析模块对测量信号进行分析，从而识别放射性物质的核素活度浓度，提高了系统的测量效率和核素分辨效果，同时还降低了环境放射性因素对测量结果的影响。
[0035]图2为本发明实施例的水下辐射监测方法的流程图，如图2所示，根据本发明实施例的水下辐射监测方法，包括以下步骤:
[0036] 步骤S101，通过多个探测器测量水中辐射粒子放出的射线并将其转变为电脉冲信号，并且多个探测器对电脉冲信号进行滤波以防止自然因素对分析结果的影响。
[0037] 具体地，多个探测器将辐射粒子在探测器内部沉积的能量转换为电脉冲信号，且多个探测器可以是碘化钠、溴化镧、塑料闪烁体、硅、锗、碲锌镉等中的一种或几种制成。多探测器结构可以有效提高系统探测效率，并可以利用反符合工作方式降低系统本底。
[0038] 步骤S102，将电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别处理以生成脉冲能谱数据。
[0039] 具体地，对电脉冲信号经过放大、甄别和成型电路处理后生成，脉冲能谱数据，并存储在存储设备中。存储设备与脉冲处理设备相连。
[0040] 步骤S103，通过反符合方法对脉冲处理数据进行能谱分析以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度。
[0041] 具体地，通过自动寻找电脉冲信号的峰，并与核数据库的分析数据进行比较来识别监测核素。还可以通过与核素的虚拟效率刻度程序的数据进行比较以获得核素活度浓度ί目息O
[0042] 在本发明的一个实施例中，能谱分析不但可以工作在“单晶”工作方式下，还可以工作在“反符合”工作方式下。单晶工作方式下，能谱分析将多个探测器输出的脉冲信号全部进行分析，进而增加了探测器的探测体积，因此可有效提高探测效率。反符合工作方式下，能谱分析根据各个探测器的输出数据，去除各探测器“同时”产生的信号，由此可减少康普顿散射和宇宙射线的影响，同时提高了系统探测效率。
[0043] 在本发明的一个实施例中，虚拟效率刻度程序可基于蒙特卡罗方法或数值积分方法，在水下测量环境中无法使用标准放射源对探测器进行探测效率刻度的情况下，通过模拟计算得到探测器的探测效率。探测器所得计数率除以探测效率即可获得核素活度相关信息。此外，虚拟效率刻度程序还可自动扣除水体中4°κ核素的影响，有效提高系统测量灵敏度。
[0044] 根据本发明实施例的方法，通过多个探测器测量水下辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转变为电脉冲信号进行监测，再进行能谱分析，从而识别放射性物质的核素活度浓度，提高了系统的测量效率和核素分辨效果，同时还降低了环境放射性因素对测量结果的影响。
[0045] 尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (6)
1.一种水下辐射监测系统，其特征在于，包括: 探测模块，用于探测水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号，其中，所述探测模块包括多个探测器； 脉冲处理模块，用于对所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据； 能谱分析模块，用于通过反符合方法和虚拟效率刻度程序分析所述脉冲能谱数据以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度； 电源模块，用于为所述探测模块、脉冲处理模块和所述能谱分析模块供电， 所述能谱分析模块根据核数据库的分析数据识别监测核素，并且根据核素的虚拟效率刻度程序以获得核素活度浓度信息。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水下辐射监测系统，其特征在于，还包括: 设置在所述脉冲处理模块和所述能谱分析模块之间的存储模块，所述存储模块用于存储所述脉冲能谱数据，并将所述脉冲能谱数据提供给所述能谱分析模块。
3.如权利要求1所述的水下辐射监测系统，其特征在于，所述探测模块还用于对所述电脉冲信号进行滤波。
4.一种水下辐射监测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤: 通过多个探测器测量水中辐射粒子发出的射线并将其转换为电脉冲信号； 将所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别处理以生成脉冲能谱数据； 通过反符合方法及虚拟效率刻度程序对所述脉冲能谱数据进行能谱分析以获得放射性物质的核素活度浓度， 所述能谱分析为根据核数据库的分析数据识别监测核素，并根据核素的虚拟效率刻度程序以获得核素活度浓度信息。
5.根据权利要求4所述的水下辐射监测方法，其特征在于，还包括:所述多个探测器所测量的电脉冲信号存储在存储设备中之后，对所述电脉冲信号进行放大和甄别以生成脉冲能谱数据。
6.如权利要求4所述的水下辐射监测方法，其特征在于，所述多个探测器还对所述电脉冲信号进行滤波。
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