CN103197233A - High-voltage switch opening and closing time online monitor and high-voltage switch opening and closing time online monitoring method - Google Patents
High-voltage switch opening and closing time online monitor and high-voltage switch opening and closing time online monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims at providing a high-voltage switch opening and closing time online monitoring device based on the electromagnetic mutual inductance technology. An automatic voltage regulation (AVR) single chip microcomputer platform is adopted for the device, and the functions of data acquisition, data processing and remote serializability are integrated to achieve high-voltage switch opening and closing time parameter online monitoring and to send monitoring results to a monitoring center through an RS485 serial bus.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device and method based on the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology.This device can be monitored closing time and the opening time parameter of each phase of high-voltage switch gear in real time, and time parameter is judged, thereby realizes high-voltage switch gear real-time monitoring and early warning.Handle and based on the telecommunication technique of RS-485 universal serial bus comprising undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance principle, data acquisition, data.This device belongs to parameter measurement and monitoring class device.
Background technology
High-voltage switch gear is the vital equipment that guarantees the electric system reliability service as the device of insulation and arc extinguishing.It is bearing control and protection dual role as the contact link between generating and the electricity consumption in electric system, the quality of on off state directly affects the safe operation of electric system.The statistical figure in nearly ten years show that the electric weight of the each switch failure average loss of China reaches millions of kilowatt hours, and the loss that it causes is thousands of times even tens thousand of times of the own price of equipment.Therefore, in order to improve the switch reliability of operation, need before switch break down, split to close and carry out necessary inspection and maintenance, avoid the generation of fault.
Mechanical fault is as causing the high-voltage switch gear cause faults, detects and extracts mechanical status information and pass judgment on for the fault diagnosis of high-voltage switch gear and duty and have great importance.Machine performance mainly is to obtain after handling by gathering the data of switch in the on/off switch process.The reduction of opening velocity will make increase the burning time of electric arc, thus the electrical wear of acceleration switch contact, the serviceable life of reducing switch; Opening velocity is too high, can make motion bear excessive mechanical stress and impact again, thereby causes damage or the reduction of service life of individual component; The serious open-phase operation that will not cause circuit and transformer the same period of switch divide-shut brake, thus the unfavorable phenomenons such as switching overvoltage, protective relaying maloperation work of insulation damages may appear causing.Therefore the test for the switch on/off switch time is very necessary, is an important content of high-voltage switch gear state verification.
At present, detection mode for the switch on/off switch time mainly is that testing circuit is connected in switch closing coil and the switching winding loop, by spontaneous trigger pip, detect on/off switch wire loop and primary circuit internal current situation and draw the final on/off switch time, therefore offline inspection after can only cutting off the power supply lacks flexible, efficient online real-time monitoring device.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument and on-line monitoring method, its objective is the existing dirigibility of solution mode in the past and the not high problem of efficient.
Technical scheme: the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument, it is characterized in that: this monitor comprises slave computer and host computer two parts, realizes that by the RS485 universal serial bus wireless telecommunications are connected between slave computer and the host computer; Slave computer comprises based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit, sensor unit, D/A conversion unit, data storage cell, RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit and power module; Sensor unit is connected to control and processing unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform by D/A conversion unit, connects data storage cell and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Power module connects sensor unit, data storage cell and based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Host computer is made up of Surveillance center industrial computer unit and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit, host computer connects RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit by Surveillance center industrial computer unit, and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit is connected with RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit wireless telecommunications on the slave computer by the RS485 universal serial bus.
Sensor unit comprises opens a sluice gate coil pickoff, closing coil sensor and primary circuit sensor; Three sensors all are connected to D/A conversion unit.
The high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring method of utilizing above-mentioned high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument to implement, it is characterized in that: the step of this method is as follows:
Utilize the Surveillance center industrial computer unit in the host computer at first to send the job initiation signal according to default configuration or staff's setting to the slave computer of specifying numbering, finish the Remote configuration to slave computer, then, utilize the closing coil sensor, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered closing coil, the current information of switching winding and primary circuit, utilize control and processing unit control AD conversion unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform in the slave computer to gather the closing coil sensor respectively, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered the current information of returning to export, and store data in the data storage cell; After the switch on/off switch is finished, call data in the data storage cell based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit and carry out that data are handled and the calculating of correlation parameter; At last result is sent to Surveillance center industry control unit in the host computer by the RS485 serial communication unit.
Advantage and effect:
The invention provides a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument and on-line monitoring method, the present invention is a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device based on the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology, and the two large divisions constitutes by hardware and software: this hardware configuration is divided into slave computer and host computer two parts.Wherein, lower computer hardware partly comprises control and processing unit, sensor unit, D/A conversion unit, data storage cell, RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit and the power module based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; The host computer hardware components is made up of Surveillance center industrial computer unit and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit.Host computer and slave computer are realized wireless telecommunications by the RS485 universal serial bus.Accordingly, software also is divided into slave computer and host computer two parts.Slave computer software is responsible for collection, Algorithm Analysis, the data storage of data, and by RS485 universal serial bus mode monitoring result is sent to host computer; Slave computer software is responsible for driving the hardware of slave computer and is finished each several part sensor output data acquisition, and according to the data computation closing time and the opening time that collect.Last slave computer software gathers the three-phase high-voltage switch on/off switch time, and drives RS485 serial transmitting element the monitoring result of every phase is sent to host computer together.Upper computer software is responsible for finishing with the RS485 serial bus communication of slave computer and is stored the monitoring information that slave computer sends; Upper computer software is responsible for driving host computer hardware and is finished the RS485 serial bus communication, and realizes the management of human-computer interaction interface and monitoring information.
The present invention proposes a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device based on the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology on the basis of conventional sense method.This device utilizes highly sensitive closed loop current sensor, take to go between punching and mode that non-destructive seals in, detect the current information of on/off switch wire loop and primary circuit respectively, draw the time parameter of the each on/off switch of switch, and effective early warning can be provided in time.This scheme has been avoided testing circuit is sealed in the switch loop, has accomplished the online real-time detection that need not to cut off the power supply.When having guaranteed accuracy of detection, improved detection efficiency.
Advantage and effect
:
The invention provides a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device based on the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology, its advantage and beneficial effect are as follows:
1. device adopts the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology, utilizes the switch loop to cross but not method that damage type seals in from the sensor punching, has realized that under situation about need not cut off the power supply to the online real-time monitoring of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time, method is simple and reliable;
2. device adopts the star-like connection networking of RS485 serial communication network, can realize many-to-one communication.Many slave computers can be distributed in diverse geographic location, can finish the monitoring to a plurality of switch on/off switch time parameters simultaneously;
3. plant automation degree height has been realized 24 hours on-line monitorings of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time parameter;
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 hardware configuration block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 high precision electric current transducer structural drawing;
Fig. 3 data acquisition unit structural drawing
Fig. 4 data storage cell structural drawing
Fig. 5 slave computer software structural representation
Fig. 6 on/off switch time algorithm software flow synoptic diagram
Fig. 7 upper computer software structural representation.
Embodiment:The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument, this monitor comprises slave computer and host computer two parts, realizes that by the RS485 universal serial bus wireless telecommunications are connected between slave computer and the host computer; Slave computer comprises based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit, sensor unit, D/A conversion unit, data storage cell, RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit and power module; Sensor unit is connected to control and processing unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform by D/A conversion unit, connects data storage cell and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Power module connects sensor unit, data storage cell and based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Host computer is made up of Surveillance center industrial computer unit and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit, host computer connects RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit by Surveillance center industrial computer unit, and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit is connected with RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit wireless telecommunications on the slave computer by the RS485 universal serial bus.
Sensor unit comprises opens a sluice gate coil pickoff, closing coil sensor and primary circuit sensor; Three sensors all are connected to D/A conversion unit.
The high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring method of utilizing above-mentioned high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument to implement, the step of this method is as follows:
Utilize the Surveillance center industrial computer unit in the host computer at first to send the job initiation signal according to default configuration or staff's setting to the slave computer of specifying numbering, finish the Remote configuration to slave computer, then, utilize the closing coil sensor, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered closing coil, the current information of switching winding and primary circuit, utilize control and processing unit control AD conversion unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform in the slave computer to gather the closing coil sensor respectively, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered the current information of returning to export, and store data in the data storage cell; After the switch on/off switch is finished, call data in the data storage cell based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit and carry out that data are handled and the calculating of correlation parameter; At last result is sent to Surveillance center industry control unit in the host computer by the RS485 serial communication unit.
Hardware among the present invention and software configuration and principle are specific as follows: (1) hardware configuration:
Hardware configuration based on the high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device of undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology can be divided into slave computer and host computer two large divisions.
Wherein, slave computer is made up of control and processing unit, sensor unit, D/A conversion unit, data storage cell, RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit and switching power supply based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform.The core that is lower computer hardware based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform, its control AD conversion unit is finished the collection to every phase switch closing coil, switching winding, primary circuit current output sensor signal, and deposits data in data storage cell.Then, call data in the data storage cell based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit and finish calculating to every phase closing time, opening time.At last, the logical RS485 serial bus communication unit of all monitoring results sends to host computer.Power module is converted to the 220V alternating voltage of input
The DC voltage of 12V, 5V, 3.3V is respectively sensor unit, control and processing unit, data storage cell provides power supply.
Described control and processing unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform is made of the ATmega128 singlechip chip of AVR company.This chip is a high-performance, 8 single-chip microcomputers of low-power consumption, the inner integrated FLASH storage of 128K, two-way 8 bit timing devices, counter and two-way 16 bit timing devices.The work dominant frequency can reach 16MHz, and processing power can reach 16MIPS, and it is the core of slave computer part, is responsible for the whole monitoring flow process of control and handles the data that collect, and calculates the on/off switch time parameter.
Described closing coil, switching winding, place, primary circuit sensor are to have the space mode piece CHB-10A of Beijing Sen Du Electronics Co., Ltd. research and development to constitute.This module is to utilize the high precision electric current transducer of closed loop Hall magnetic compensation principle design, measures direct current, interchange, pulse current with the mode of electrical isolation, and the tested electric current in former limit and secondary output current are according to the ratio output of 1000:1.Measure range of current from 0A to 10A, output area is from 0mA to 10mA, and measuring accuracy is up to 0.2%, and the response time, its structure as shown in Figure 2 less than 1us.
Described AD conversion unit is made up of AD7491 chip, control interface and signal conditioning circuit that AD company produces, is responsible for gathering the sensor signal of analog quantity output, and its structure as shown in Figure 3.Signal conditioning circuit changes the current signal of sensor output into voltage signal, and nurses one's health and filtering.Control and processing unit are finished configuration effort to the AD7491 chip by control interface.The AD7491 chip is the modulus conversion chip of 12 high precision of successive approximation 8 passages, low-power consumption, supports parallel and serial line interface, and be 1.6us switching time, provides reference voltage on the sheet to realize collection to alternating voltage.
Described data storage cell is by the FLASH(flash memory) the storer formation.FLASH adopts the AT45DB642 chip of atmel corp, and memory capacity reaches 8 megabits, is used for the sensor output signal that buffer memory collects by ADC.The data storage cell structure as shown in Figure 4.AT45DB642 FLASH chip is connected with external memory interface with data bus by address bus.Realize the read-write of data by external memory interface based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer and processing unit.
Described RS485 serial bus communication unit MAX485 chip, it is responsible for and host computer is realized telecommunication;
Described power module is made up of two switch power modules.Two Switching Power Supplies are converted to the 220V alternating voltage of importing
The DC voltage of 12V, 5V, 3.3V is respectively sensor unit, control and processing unit, data storage cell provides power supply.
Wherein, host computer is made up of Surveillance center industrial computer unit and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit.Adopt serial ports to connect between them.The RS485 serial received unit of this host computer is built by the MAX485 chip, and it is used for and the RS485 serial transmitting element of slave computer carries out communication.This Surveillance center's industrial computer is used for receiving, store, showing and manages the information that monitors.The RS485 serial communication network adopts star-like connection networking, and namely three slave computers are positioned at the different location and respectively the three-phase high-voltage switch are monitored, and each slave computer is respectively to the RS485 serial received unit transmitting supervisory data of Surveillance center.Surveillance center can realize the Remote configuration of a plurality of slave computers and data are received.
The course of work of whole device is: after the software systems of landing host computer, host computer at first sends the job initiation signal according to default configuration or staff's setting to the slave computer of specifying numbering, finishes the Remote configuration to slave computer.Then, control and processing unit control AD conversion unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform in the slave computer are gathered closing coil, switching winding, primary circuit current output sensor information respectively, and store data in the data storage cell.After the switch on/off switch was finished, the data that control and processing unit call in the data storage cell were carried out the calculating of data processing and correlation parameter.At last result is sent to the industrial computer of Surveillance center by the RS485 serial communication unit.
(2) software configuration:
Software design based on the high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device of undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology is divided into slave computer and two parts of host computer.
Program of lower computer is control and the handling procedure of AVR singlechip chip, is responsible for the hardware of control slave computer and realizes data acquisition, data processing and RS485 telecommunication.Program of lower computer is write under AVR Studio4 translation and compiling environment, and the whole procedure framework is mainly by forming with lower module: Clock management module, variable administration module, time delay module, RS485 communication module, ADC driver module, timer management module, timing interrupt module, FLASH storing driver module, data cache module, opening and closing lock time algorithm module and main program module.The relation of each intermodule is as follows: the RS485 communication module receives control parameter and the start signal of host computer, start ADC driver module and timer management, interrupt module, the electric current that begins to split brake cable circle, closing coil, primary circuit is gathered in real time, and by data cache module and FLASH driver module the data of gathering is deposited among the FLASH.When switch finish once open a sluice gate or making process after, threshold cell in the main program module is triggered, and the data in the FLASH storage are called in opening and closing lock time algorithm module handle, after finishing dealing with data frame format is according to the rules packed, and send it to the industrial computer of Surveillance center by the RS485 sending module.Structural relation between each module as shown in Figure 5.
Described Clock management module is responsible for finishing frequency division, the frequency multiplication work of program clock.For entire chip provides reference clock.
Described RS485 communication module is finished the configuration to the MAX485 chip, makes it to finish the conversion of Transistor-Transistor Logic level and 485 level.Receive the start signal that host computer sends by serial mode simultaneously, and final opening and closing lock time parameter is sent to host computer.
Described ADC driver module is finished the configuration to the AD7491 chip, controls its switching rate, conversion accuracy, data transfer mode etc.And read chip by data bus and export data, send in the cache module.
Described FLASH storing driver module is finished the configuration to the AT45DB642 chip, the mode that specified data writes and reads.And data are read from cache module, send in the FLASH page address of appointment.After the master routine threshold value is triggered, reads the data that deposit in order, and send into on/off switch time algorithm module and carry out the calculating of time parameter.
Described timer management, interrupt module are finished the initialization to Atmega128 single-chip microcomputer on-chip timer, and configuration is length regularly, carry out interrupt routine.
Described opening and closing lock time algorithm module is the software kernels of device.After the on/off switch threshold value was triggered in the master routine, this module was at first opened the data to the primary circuit sensor, read the data of collection again from FLASH.The data that device is gathered are equivalent to the current waveform of closing coil, switching winding, consider the computing quantitative limitation, and this algorithm is sent into data the FIR low-pass filter of low order earlier, filter the high fdrequency component of signal.Starting point detect the on/off switch process by the pointwise approximate algorithm calculates time t1.After the primary circuit threshold value was triggered in the master routine, this module was read the data that gather the primary circuit from FLASH, obtain primary circuit power on/off starting point with similar algorithm, calculates time t2.And final on/off switch time t=t2-t1, and the packing of the time parameter that obtains delivered to the RS485 communication module.Opening and closing lock time algorithm software flow as shown in Figure 6.
Upper computer software adopts LABVIEW to write and finishes, the function that host computer will be finished has, can input password logins, have function and select window, have the historical data of checking function, have the function of checking current branch wire time, has the function of revising password, have the function that withdraws from software interface, have the function of returning Previous Menu, have the function of store historical data.Have the function of real-time monitoring slave computer trigger pip, the upper computer software structure as shown in Figure 7.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-Line Monitor Device based on the undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance technology.This device adopts AVR single-chip microcomputer platform, and data acquisition, data processing and remote serial function are integrated in one, and realizes to high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time parameter on-line monitoring and by the RS485 universal serial bus monitoring result being sent to Surveillance center.
Claims (3)
1. high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument, it is characterized in that: this monitor comprises slave computer and host computer two parts, realizes that by the RS485 universal serial bus wireless telecommunications are connected between slave computer and the host computer; Slave computer comprises based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit, sensor unit, D/A conversion unit, data storage cell, RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit and power module; Sensor unit is connected to control and processing unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform by D/A conversion unit, connects data storage cell and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Power module connects sensor unit, data storage cell and based on control and the processing unit of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform; Host computer is made up of Surveillance center industrial computer unit and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit, host computer connects RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit by Surveillance center industrial computer unit, and RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit is connected with RS485 serial Transmit-Receive Unit wireless telecommunications on the slave computer by the RS485 universal serial bus.
2. high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sensor unit comprises opens a sluice gate coil pickoff, closing coil sensor and primary circuit sensor; Three sensors all are connected to D/A conversion unit.
3. the high-voltage switch gear on/off switch time on-line monitoring method of utilizing the described high-voltage switch gear on/off switch of claim 1 time on-line monitoring instrument to implement, it is characterized in that: the step of this method is as follows:
Utilize the Surveillance center industrial computer unit in the host computer at first to send the job initiation signal according to default configuration or staff's setting to the slave computer of specifying numbering, finish the Remote configuration to slave computer, then, utilize the closing coil sensor, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered closing coil, the current information of switching winding and primary circuit, utilize control and processing unit control AD conversion unit based on AVR single-chip microcomputer platform in the slave computer to gather the closing coil sensor respectively, switching winding sensor and primary circuit sensor are gathered the current information of returning to export, and store data in the data storage cell; After the switch on/off switch is finished, call data in the data storage cell based on the control of AVR single-chip microcomputer platform and processing unit and carry out that data are handled and the calculating of correlation parameter; At last result is sent to Surveillance center industry control unit in the host computer by the RS485 serial communication unit.
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| CN103245910A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Online monitor for brake closing and separating time of high-voltage switch |
| CN103744016A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 国家电网公司 | High-voltage breaker energy-storing motor time testing apparatus |
| CN107024880A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-08 | 武汉天富海科技发展有限公司 | A kind of integrated switched component |
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Application publication date: 20130710 |