CN103195029A - Lateral-inflow and rolling-energy-dissipation bank spillway - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a side-flow swirling energy-dissipating bank spillway, which comprises a spillway inlet part, a spillway chute and a spillway energy-dissipating flood discharge outlet part, wherein the spillway inlet part includes a channel diversion section and a WES practical weir section, and the spillway The axis of the inlet part intersects the axis of the spillway chute at an angle of not less than 45 degrees, and behind the WES utility weir section, there is a design consisting of the WES utility weir, the bottom of the tank and the side wall opposite to the spillway inlet to allow the water flow to roll into the spillway chute side slot. The form of the inlet part of the bank spillway of the present invention completely subverts the form of the inlet part of the traditional bank spillway, and solves the problem that the traditional bank spillway has a large amount of horizontal and vertical mountain excavation at the inlet, and the inlet part of the spillway cannot control the water flow. A series of problems such as energy dissipation.

Description

Lateral inflow swirling and rolling energy dissipation bank spillway

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of flood discharge and energy dissipation for a spillway of a water conservancy and hydropower project, and in particular relates to a bank spillway with a lateral inflow swirl and energy dissipation.

Background technique

In water conservancy and hydropower projects, in order to protect the safety of dams and equipment during flood seasons, barrage dams are designed with spillways. For the shore spillway, it is composed of the upstream inlet part of the spillway where the discharge water enters the spillway, the spillway chute part and the downstream energy dissipation outlet part of the spillway. WES utility weir section. In the design form of the upstream entrance of the traditional spillway, the direction of the spillway entrance is consistent with the direction of the spillway chute, and the spillway chute is next to the WES utility weir that constitutes the spillway entrance, and the water flows into the spillway entrance and then discharges in one direction, as shown in Figure 1-1 and As shown in Figure 1-2. Adopting the traditional spillway inlet design form, the discharge water basically does not consume the mechanical energy carried in the process of entering the upstream inlet of the spillway, and the downstream outlet of the spillway undertakes all the tasks of flood discharge and energy dissipation. The mechanical energy carried is very large, and it is very difficult to realize effective flood discharge and energy dissipation at the downstream outlet of the spillway.

Using the traditional spillway inlet design form, for the large inlet water flow, in order to control the design height of the spillway side wall, the width of the inlet needs to be increased, so as to meet the requirements of the inlet without increasing the height of the spillway side wall This will increase the amount of excavation from the entrance of the spillway to the interior of the bank slope, and since many spillways are generally built in high mountains and valleys, the slope of the mountain on the bank is relatively steep, so the width of the entrance of the spillway increases, which will not only bring The amount of excavation will increase, and at the same time it will bring the problem of high slope in the project, as shown in Figure 1-3. This is a problem in the lateral direction of the spillway inlet in the traditional spillway inlet design form.

The design of the traditional spillway inlet is adopted. In order to ensure the stable water flow at the inlet, it is necessary to ensure that there is a relatively smooth length in the upper reaches of the inlet to connect with the inlet. Otherwise, it will lead to circumvention of the inlet and asymmetrical flow velocity distribution on the water surface, which is not conducive to the project. run happens. For this reason, engineering excavation is required in the longitudinal direction of the spillway inlet during engineering construction, and the amount of engineering excavation is huge, as shown in Figure 1-4. This is a problem in the longitudinal direction of the spillway inlet in the traditional spillway inlet design form.

The traditional design form of the spillway inlet will bring a considerable amount of engineering excavation in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and the resulting design and construction problems are also very prominent.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional spillway inlet part of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a side flow swirling energy-dissipating bank spillway that subverts the form of the traditional spillway inlet part to solve the problem of the traditional shore spillway in the prior art. The spillway has problems such as the large amount of horizontal and vertical mountain excavation at its entrance, and the inability of the entrance of the spillway to dissipate the energy of the water flow.

The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be realized by the side-flow swirling and rolling energy-dissipating bank spillway composed of the following technical solutions.

The side-flow swirling energy-dissipating shore spillway provided by the present invention includes a spillway inlet part, a spillway chute and a spillway energy-dissipating flood discharge outlet part. The inlet part of the spillway includes the diversion channel section, the WES utility weir section and the side channel which is composed of the WES utility weir, the bottom of the tank and the opposite side wall of the spillway inlet so that the water flows into the spillway chute.

In the above technical solution of the present invention, the axis of the inlet of the spillway and the axis of the spillway chute are preferably intersected at 60-90 degrees, and vertical intersection is further preferred.

In the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the tank that constitutes the side tank is preferably designed as a flat tank bottom, and the side wall that constitutes the spillway inlet of the side tank can be considered to be designed as a vertical side wall, or it can be designed as a side that is inclined to the outside. wall. The bottom of the flat-bottomed trough constituting the side trough is generally connected vertically with the vertical side wall on the opposite side of the spillway entrance, and is generally connected at an obtuse angle with the outwardly inclined side wall on the opposite side of the spillway entrance.

In the above technical solution of the present invention, the position of the weir crest of the WES practical weir in the direction of the spillway entrance does not cross the side wall on the same side as the spillway entrance, that is, it does not enter the range of the spillway chute, and the weir crest of the WES practical weir can be located at the spillway entrance Outside the side wall on the same side, it can also be the same as the side wall on the same side as the spillway entrance, but it is preferred to be installed outside the side wall on the same side as the spillway entrance. The edge of the weir bottom of the WES practical weir can be aligned with the side wall on the same side of the spillway entrance in the direction of the spillway entrance, or it can cross the side wall on the same side as the spillway entrance and enter the scope of the spillway chute.

In the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the diversion channel is lower than the weir crest of the WES utility weir, and the channel bottom of the diversion channel and the WES utility weir are preferentially connected by steps, especially vertical steps.

The bank spillway provided by the present invention is suitable for the situation where a bank spillway discharge and energy dissipation structure needs to be arranged in the whole hub. The bank spillway provided by the invention provides a side flow swirling energy-dissipating bank. In the plane layout, the axis of the spillway inlet intersects the axis of the spillway chute. The spillway inlet structure adopts a side groove behind the WES practical weir, through which the side groove and the spillway Chute connection. The arrangement of the spillway inlet of the present invention completely overturns the arrangement of the traditional shore spillway inlet, and brings the following very prominent technical effects.

1. Since the inlet of the spillway is arranged along the axis of the spillway, the flow pattern of the water entering the inlet of the spillway is mainly controlled by the lateral flow from the river. Since the inlet of the spillway points to the water area, the amount of engineering excavation in the upstream direction of the inlet of the spillway will not be increased, and the inlet can be According to the specific project and terrain conditions, the form of diversion canals can be flexibly arranged, which reduces the difficulty of design and construction. It completely avoids the layout of the traditional spillway inlet. In order to ensure a stable water flow at the inlet, there needs to be a relatively long and relatively smooth section upstream of the inlet. Otherwise, it will lead to circumvention of the inlet, asymmetric flow velocity distribution on the water surface, etc., which are not conducive to the operation of the project. Situation, resulting in the excavation of a huge amount of engineering in the longitudinal direction.

2. Since the inlet of the spillway is arranged along the axis of the spillway in the present invention, the discharge flow is relatively large and the head of the inlet is relatively high. When the width of the inlet of the spillway needs to be increased, since the inlet adopts lateral inflow, increasing the width of the inlet of the spillway will not increase the impact on the side mountain For excavation, the width of the spillway inlet can be designed more flexibly according to the needs, which will not lead to an increase in the slope of the bank slope protection. It also avoids the traditional layout of the spillway entrance, the huge horizontal excavation caused by widening the width of the spillway entrance, and the high slope problem in the project.

3. The inlet of the spillway is arranged along the axis of the spillway, which not only greatly reduces the amount of engineering excavation in the horizontal and vertical directions at the inlet, but also easily ensures the elevation of the weir crest, that is, the design water inlet elevation of the spillway.

4. The inlet of the spillway of the present invention is connected with the spillway chute through the specially designed side chute behind the WES practical weir, so that the water flow enters the spillway chute horizontally, and the water flow entering the side chute interacts with the side wall of the spillway on the opposite side of the entrance. Rolling is formed in the lateral direction, resulting in energy consumption of the water body and reducing the initial flow velocity of the water flow in the spillway. After the water body flows to the downstream of the spillway, the burden of flood discharge and energy dissipation of downstream buildings will be reduced. In addition, because the initial flow velocity of the water entering the spillway is not high, it will not generate excessive impact pressure on the side wall of the spillway inlet. During the process of water flow interacting with the opposite side wall of the inlet to form a horizontal roll, a large amount of air will be entrained by entrainment at the same time, increasing the turbulence of the water body, so that the mechanical energy of the water body can be converted into turbulent kinetic energy at a faster rate, and then converted into internal energy consumption (Increasing the turbulence of the water body effectively increases the energy dissipation effect), so that when the water flow flows downstream, part of the mechanical energy has already been converted into internal energy and consumed, which reduces the burden on the task of flood discharge and energy dissipation downstream of the spillway.

The side-flow swirling energy-dissipating bank spillway provided by the invention has an inlet form completely different from that of the traditional spillway inlet, and can be used in conjunction with other discharge structures in the hub as a whole, which can not only save the horizontal and vertical mountain excavation of the spillway inlet The engineering quantity can also improve the energy dissipation effect of the spillway on the water flow at the same time, which provides a better design scheme for the design of the shore spillway and greatly promotes the progress of the shore spillway technology.

Description of drawings

Figure 1-1 to Figure 1-4 are traditional shore spillway inlet form diagrams, in which Figure 1-1 is a traditional shore spillway inlet plan view; Figure 1-2 is a traditional shore spillway inlet axial sectional view; Figure 1-3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a traditional shore spillway entrance, where the dotted line is the widened part of the spillway entrance; Figure 1-4 is a schematic plan view of the excavation layout of a traditional shore spillway entrance.

Figures 2-1 to 2-3 are the form diagrams of the entrance of the bank spillway with lateral inflow and rolling energy dissipation provided by the present invention, wherein Figure 2-1 is a schematic plan view of the entrance of the bank spillway of the present invention; Figure 2-2 is The axial cross-sectional view of the entrance of the bank spillway of the present invention; Fig. 2-3 is a schematic view of the flow line of the water body entering the spillway chute from the entrance of the bank spillway of the present invention.

In the above drawings, the objects identified by the labels of each icon are: 1-spillway inlet channel; 2-WES practical weir; 3-spillway side wall; 4-spillway chute; 5-spillway side wall; 6-WES Practical weir crest; 7- the traditional spillway entrance slope before increasing the entrance width; 8- the original bank slope; 9- the traditional spillway entrance after increasing the entrance width slope; 10- the spillway entrance bank slope; 11 -Traditional excavation area upstream of the spillway entrance; 12-side channel; 13-side wall opposite to the spillway entrance; 14-side wall on the same side as the spillway entrance; 15-rotating water flow; 16-water flow conceptual streamline.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention is described in detail through the embodiments. It is necessary to point out here that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some non-essential aspects of the present invention according to the above-mentioned content of the invention Improvements and tweaks.

Example 1

The structure of the side-flow swirling energy-dissipating bank spillway in this embodiment is shown in Figures 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3, including the entrance of the spillway, the spillway chute 4, and the outlet of the spillway for energy dissipation. The axis of the spillway inlet part intersects the axis of the spillway chute at an angle of about 75 degrees. The spillway inlet part includes the first section of the diversion channel, the second section of the WES utility weir, and the WES utility weir, the bottom of the flat bottom and the vertical side of the spillway inlet. The side channel 12 formed by the wall 13 makes the water flow roll into the spillway discharge channel. The bottom of the diversion channel is lower than the weir crest of the WES practical weir, and is connected to the weir crest of the WES practical weir through vertical steps. The edge of the weir bottom of the WES practical weir It is aligned with the same side wall 13 of the spillway entrance.

Claims (10)

1. a side direction influent stream revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, comprise that flood spillway inlet part, flood spillway let out groove (4) and flood spillway energy dissipating flood discharge exit portion, wherein the flood spillway inlet part comprises approach channel section (1) and WES practical weir section (2), it is characterized in that, flood spillway inlet part axis and flood spillway are let out the fluted shaft line and are become to be not less than miter angle and intersect, and design has by what WES practical weir, bottom land and flood spillway import offside abutment wall (13) constituted and current revolved roll into the side channel (12) of letting out groove into flood spillway after WES practical weir section.

2. side direction influent stream according to claim 1 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, flood spillway inlet part axis and flood spillway are let out the fluted shaft line and be 60 ~ 90 degree and intersect.

3. side direction influent stream according to claim 1 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that flood spillway inlet part axis and flood spillway are let out the fluted shaft line and intersected vertically.

4. revolve according to the described side direction influent stream of one of claim 1 to 3 and roll energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, at the bottom of the bottom land that constitutes side channel was flat-bottom slot, the flood spillway import offside abutment wall that constitutes side channel was vertical sidewall or the abutment wall that tilts laterally.

5. side direction influent stream according to claim 4 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, constitutes at the bottom of the flat-bottom slot of side channel and flood spillway import offside vertical sidewall vertical connection, or becomes the obtuse angle to join with outward-dipping abutment wall.

6. revolve according to the described side direction influent stream of one of claim 1 to 3 and roll energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, the weir crest of described WES practical weir (6) position the flood spillway importer to not crossing flood spillway import homonymy abutment wall (14).

7. side direction influent stream according to claim 4 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, the weir crest of described WES practical weir (6) position the flood spillway importer to not crossing flood spillway import homonymy abutment wall (14).

8. side direction influent stream according to claim 7 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, the weir feather edge of described WES practical weir is mutually neat with the position of flood spillway import homonymy abutment wall, or crosses flood spillway import homonymy abutment wall, enters into flood spillway and lets out the groove scope.

9. revolve according to the described side direction influent stream of one of claim 1 to 3 and roll energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, be lower than the weir crest of WES practical weir at the bottom of the canal of approach channel.

10. side direction influent stream according to claim 9 revolves and rolls energy dissipating bank flood spillway, it is characterized in that, at the bottom of the canal of approach channel and the WES practical weir connect by step.

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