CN103187990A - Carrier communication system and method based on impedance dynamic characteristic of power line network - Google Patents
Carrier communication system and method based on impedance dynamic characteristic of power line network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a carrier communication system based on an impedance dynamic characteristic of a power line network. By the carrier communication system, a sending circuit and a receiving circuit are synchronously controlled in a power line carrier communication circuit, so that a sending signal and a receiving signal are transmitted in two directions. When the signals are sent, signal intensity which is actually sent to a power grid is measured and analyzed through a specific circuit, so that network impedance of a sending point is determined in real time; and then output impedance of the sending circuit is dynamically adjusted according to a network impedance matching theory, so as to ensure that the actually sent signal energy is maximum. The invention also relates to a communication method for the system. During carrier communication path selection, a network group network route topological graph is regularly and dynamically optimized, and an optimal communication object and uplink and downlink communication frequencies are adjusted in real time, so that a network standing-wave point and a high-interference region are avoided; and therefore, system communication is always performed through an optimal network path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power line carrier communication field, specifically is a kind of carrier communication system and method based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic.
Background technology
Intelligent grid fast development in recent years, more and more stronger to the requirement real-time, two-way communication between Utilities Electric Co. and each terminal use.Carrier communication based on low-voltage power line is elected as main communication mode by Utilities Electric Co. because design and running is with low cost.Yet present whole power-line carrier communication level still can't reach real-time, reliable, the two-way communication of supporting between Utilities Electric Co. and terminal use.This mainly is because the major function of electrical network is transmission power frequency electric flux, the low-voltage power line network topology structure is complicated unusually, the power line network impedance is very obvious with the variations such as switching of communication frequency, distance and user load, this makes the carrier communication signal exist complicated reflection and transmission phenomenon in transmission course, influences the actual emission power of signal and receives signal strength signal intensity; Many power consumption equipments have in use produced various electromagnetic interference in addition, make effective reception of carrier signal receive further influence again.
All multi-experts and scholar have carried out a lot of researchs and improvement in this field, mainly comprise:
By the narrowband carrier communication mode being carried out direct sequence spread spectrum [as CN102832963A], but effective attenuation receiver side non-correlation interference noise, but transmission speed is reduced greatly.And transmitting and receiving problem for the impedance signal that causes that do not match, spread spectrum can't solve.
Adopt multi-carrier communication technology [as 102835181A], namely signal sends by multichannel carrier frequency separate modulation, and when the signal of certain channel can't be received, other channel can use.But it is not only to transmitting and receiving the circuit requirement height, and also big to the requirement of transmitting power, the spectrum space utilance is also very low; Its electromagnetic interference capability such as antagonism white noise etc. is limited in addition.And as on this basis to each carrier frequency stack spread spectrum, then not only very big to occupying of frequency band, the scheme cost is also higher.Adopt orthogonal frequency division technology (OFDM), namely each carrier phase is mutually orthogonal on the basis of multicarrier, and frequency spectrum can overlap each other; Not only reduce each subcarrier phase mutual interference after the modulation like this, and improved the availability of frequency spectrum.But the challenge of finding in multicarrier also can't obtain fine solution here.
Patent CN102621386A discloses to utilize the impedance operator of electrical network has been carried out all kinds of measurements and analysis, and the assessment result of utilizing network impedance is optimized networking and the routing algorithm of carrier communication network; But owing to the switching of power line network impedance along with power consumption equipment changes, this type of static routing networking diagram can't the simulated field actual state, also can't guarantee on-the-spot real time communication success rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of carrier communication system and method based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic, by detection of dynamic and the real-time coupling to the impedance of power line carrier transmitting-receiving meshed network, and the intelligent optimization of networking route topological, improve carrier communication one-time success rate and communication speed, actual occupation rate to communication band is low simultaneously, it is simpler to transmit and receive circuit, and transmitting power is less.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of carrier communication system based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic; comprise concentrator and a plurality of carrier terminal; described concentrator is connected with a plurality of carrier terminals by low-voltage power line; described carrier terminal comprises transtation mission circuit unit and receiving circuit unit; described transtation mission circuit unit comprises power amplification and impedance adjustment circuit; modulation digital-to-analogue conversion and pre-amplifying circuit; described receiving circuit unit comprises pre-amplification and filter circuit; demodulation and analog to digital conversion circuit; described carrier terminal also comprises DSP and cpu circuit unit; isolation coupling and protected location, described DSP and cpu circuit unit are to transtation mission circuit unit and receiving circuit unit Synchronization Control.
The power amplification of described transtation mission circuit unit and impedance adjustment circuit comprise three identical control units, wherein first control unit comprises: resistance R 11, resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 16, capacitor C 11, capacitor C 12, diode D11, diode D12, triode Q11, triode Q12, triode Q13 and triode Q14, Vin-r connects the base stage of triode Q11, Vin-r and resistance R 11 are all by resistance R 12 ground connection, Vdr-r connects the base stage of triode Q11 by resistance R 11, Vdr-r connects the collector electrode of triode Q11 and the base stage of triode Q12 respectively by resistance R 13, the emitter of triode Q11 connects capacitor C 11 by resistance R 14, capacitor C 11 ground connection, the emitter of triode Q11 connects the emitter of triode Q14 by resistance R 15, the emitter of triode Q14 and inter-collector are connected with diode D12, the grounded collector of triode Q14, Vcc-p connects the collector electrode of triode Q13, the emitter of triode Q13 and inter-collector are connected with diode D11, the emitter of triode Q13 is connected with the emitter of resistance R 15 and triode Q14, Vdr-r connects the emitter of triode Q12, the base stage of triode Q12 and inter-collector are connected with capacitor C 12, the collector electrode of triode Q12 connects the base stage of triode Q13, and the collector electrode of triode Q12 is successively by diode D13, resistance R 16 ground connection.
Power amplification and the impedance adjustment circuit operation principle of described transtation mission circuit unit are: in first control unit, carrier wave sends signal Vin-r and by push-pull power amplifier triode Q13 and Q14 pipe and a series connection power resistor R0 is sent to Coupling point V-pl through shaping and middle rank amplification back.Vcc-p provides direct current for power discharging transistor Q13 and Q14; Vdr-r is that front stage circuits supplies direct current, and Vdr-r just powers when having only use, is in high-impedance state to guarantee pliotron when not driving.Second same circuit of control unit utilization sends signal Vin-l with another carrier wave and sends to same Coupling point V-pl by a series connection inductance L 0; The 3rd circuit that the control unit utilization is same sends signal Vin-c with the Third Road carrier wave and sends to same Coupling point V-pl by a series connection capacitor C 0.By signal amplitude and the phase place of control transmission signal Vin-r, Vin-l and Vin-c, but signal strength signal intensity and the equivalent output impedance of dynamic adjustments Coupling point V-pl.
A kind of carrier communication method based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic in a carrier communication local area network (LAN), is selected several carrier communication frequency channels, regularly sends route topological optimization instruction by concentrator; Each communication node carrier terminal adopts the direct sequence spread spectrum technology to send test massage by previously selected each carrier frequency successively, detect the signal strength signal intensity that reflects at same transmit network node place simultaneously, signal strength signal intensity and phase difference that DSP and CPU element utilization send and receive calculate the network equivalent impedance under each frequency of this transmitting node; And be in the signal strength signal intensity that each tranmitting frequency of launch terminal was intercepted and recorded to other carrier terminal in the same LAN, and writing time simultaneously;
After each took turns the route test, each carrier terminal was by its launch point line impedance order arrangement from big to small tranmitting frequency; According to frequency and the intensity of the return signal that listens to, select three communication objects and three optimum traffic frequencies simultaneously; Each carrier terminal is used selected communication frequency successively then, adjust equivalence emission impedance by Vin-r, Vin-l and Vin-c, to its communication object property verified two-way communication, maximum three the optimal communication objects of two-way communication success back locking, reach corresponding tranmitting frequency, emission impedance and receive frequency, and the result is beamed back concentrator;
By the networking route learning of number wheel, a best route topological database just builds up, and it is containing markers, and three optimal communication objects of each communication node reach three selected optimum transmitting frequencies and launch output impedance, and three optimum reception frequencies; Each node is intercepted other nodal terminal in the not busy surplus time of communication and is signaled, basis signal intensity, and the decision network impedance variation, the real-time update communication object, thus make the optimal communication network topological diagram obtain dynamic optimization;
Concentrator and each node communication terminal are carried out intercommunication in real time according to best route topological figure; Each carrier terminal is switchover intercepting between specified receive frequency, after receiving signal and accepting, to specified route terminal, by best tranmitting frequency adjustment emission output impedance, and carries out the signal transmission.Reactionless as communication object, then select for use the suboptimum frequency to carry out repetitive operation; So object is reactionless all the time, then selects the hypo-optimal route object to repeat said process.
The present invention carries out Synchronization Control to transtation mission circuit and receiving circuit in the power line carrier communication circuit, make to send and receive the signal parallel bi-directional; When signal sends, by specific circuit the actual signal strength signal intensity that sends to electrical network is measured and analyzed, and then determine to send the network impedance of point in real time; According to the network impedance matching theory, dynamically adjust the output impedance of transtation mission circuit then, to guarantee the actual signal energy maximum that sends.
Aspect carrier networking and route, use several selected carrier frequencies respectively network organizing route topological figure to be carried out dynamic optimization termly.Sent each other and the acceptance test signal by each nodal terminal communication module, according to the signal frequency and the intensity that receive, evade network standing wave point and strong jamming zone, confirm optimal communication object and uplink and downlink communication frequency.The information of uploading in concentrator is marked on when comprising according to each node carrier terminal of receiving, optimize group of routes net topology database, dynamically adjust routed path and each uplink and downlink communication frequency to node, thereby make intrasystem communication always be undertaken by the network path of optimum.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is by above-mentioned design optimization, each node communication terminal in the power-line carrier communication system can dynamically be determined its optimal communication object and corresponding transmission and received communication frequency, and the output matched impedance of radiating circuit, transmission signal actual transmissions energy maximum, communication path the best have been guaranteed, the progression of the direct sequence spread spectrum when also making practical communication can be used minimum, thereby both improved the carrier wave success rate of once communicating by letter widely, improved communication speed again.
Another advantage of the present invention is the actual occupation rate of frequency band low, and it is simpler to transmit and receive circuit, and transmitting power is less.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. carrier communication termination function and circuit module block diagram.
Fig. 2. power amplification and impedance adjustment circuit figure.
Fig. 3. carrier communication terminal emission impedance detection functional flow diagram.
Fig. 4. the best route topological figure of low pressure local area network (LAN) carrier wave.
Fig. 5. according to the dynamic routing networking flow chart of power line network impedance operator.
Fig. 6. carrier communication and autonomous dynamic optimization route topological structure flow chart.
Wherein: 1, concentrator, 2, carrier terminal, 3, the transtation mission circuit unit; 4, receiving circuit unit; 5, power amplification and impedance adjustment circuit, 6, modulation digital-to-analogue conversion and pre-amplifying circuit, 7, amplify and filter circuit in advance; 8, demodulation and analog to digital conversion circuit; 9, DSP and cpu circuit unit, 10, isolation coupling and protected location, 11, control unit; 13, main road is by route, and 14, secondary route route.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1; shown in 2 and 4; carrier communication system based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic of the present invention; comprise concentrator 1 and a plurality of carrier terminal 2; concentrator 1 is connected with carrier terminal 2 by low-voltage power line; low-voltage power line comprises that main road is by route 13 and/or secondary route route 14; carrier terminal 2 comprises transtation mission circuit unit 3 and receiving circuit unit 4; transtation mission circuit unit 3 comprises power amplification and impedance adjustment circuit 5; modulation digital-to-analogue conversion and pre-amplifying circuit 6; receiving circuit unit 4 comprises pre-amplification and filter circuit 7; demodulation and analog to digital conversion circuit 8; carrier terminal 2 also comprises DSP and cpu circuit unit 9; isolation coupling and protected location 10; the 9 pairs of transtation mission circuit unit 3 in DSP and cpu circuit unit and receiving circuit unit 4 Synchronization Control, but parallel processing sends and receives signal.
The power amplification of transtation mission circuit of the present invention unit 3 and impedance adjustment circuit 5 comprise three identical control units 11, wherein first control unit comprises: resistance R 11, resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 16, capacitor C 11, capacitor C 12, diode D11, diode D12, triode Q11, triode Q12, triode Q13 and triode Q14, Vin-r connects the base stage of triode Q11, Vin-r and resistance R 11 are all by resistance R 12 ground connection, Vdr-r connects the base stage of triode Q11 by resistance R 11, Vdr-r connects the collector electrode of triode Q11 and the base stage of triode Q12 respectively by resistance R 13, the emitter of triode Q11 connects capacitor C 11 by resistance R 14, capacitor C 11 ground connection, the emitter of triode Q11 connects the emitter of triode Q14 by resistance R 15, the emitter of triode Q14 and inter-collector are connected with diode D12, the grounded collector of triode Q14, Vcc-p connects the collector electrode of triode Q13, the emitter of triode Q13 and inter-collector are connected with diode D11, the emitter of triode Q13 is connected with the emitter of resistance R 15 and triode Q14, Vdr-r connects the emitter of triode Q12, the base stage of triode Q12 and inter-collector are connected with capacitor C 12, the collector electrode of triode Q12 connects the base stage of triode Q13, and the collector electrode of triode Q12 is successively by diode D13, resistance R 16 ground connection.
Power amplification of the present invention and impedance adjustment circuit 5 are made up of three identical control units 11.In first control unit, carrier wave sends signal Vin-r and by push-pull power amplifier triode Q13 and Q14 pipe and a series connection power resistor R0 is sent to Coupling point V-pl through shaping and middle rank amplification back.Vcc-p provides direct current for power discharging transistor Q13 and Q14; Vdr-r is that front stage circuits supplies direct current, and Vdr-r just powers when having only use, is in high-impedance state to guarantee pliotron when not driving.Second same circuit of control unit utilization sends signal Vin-l with another carrier wave and sends to same Coupling point V-pl by a series connection inductance L 0; The 3rd circuit that the control unit utilization is same sends signal Vin-c with the Third Road carrier wave and sends to same Coupling point V-pl by a series connection capacitor C 0.By signal amplitude and the phase place of control transmission signal Vin-r, Vin-l and Vin-c, but signal strength signal intensity and the equivalent output impedance of dynamic adjustments Coupling point V-pl.
Shown in Fig. 1 to 6, the carrier communication method based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic of the present invention is:
In a carrier communication local area network (LAN), select several carrier communication frequency channels, regularly send route topological optimization instruction by concentrator; Each communication node carrier terminal adopts the direct sequence spread spectrum technology to send test massage by previously selected each carrier frequency successively, detect the signal strength signal intensity that reflects at same transmit network node place simultaneously, signal strength signal intensity and phase difference that DSP and CPU element utilization send and receive calculate the network equivalent impedance under each frequency of this transmitting node; And be in the signal strength signal intensity that each tranmitting frequency of launch terminal was intercepted and recorded to other carrier terminal in the same LAN, and writing time simultaneously;
After each took turns the route test, each carrier terminal was by its launch point line impedance order arrangement from big to small tranmitting frequency; According to frequency and the intensity of the return signal that listens to, select three communication objects and three optimum traffic frequencies simultaneously; Each carrier terminal is used selected communication frequency successively then, adjust equivalence emission impedance by Vin-r, Vin-l and Vin-c, to its communication object property verified two-way communication, maximum three the optimal communication objects of two-way communication success back locking, reach corresponding tranmitting frequency, emission impedance and receive frequency, and the result is beamed back concentrator;
By the networking route learning of number wheel, a best route topological database just builds up, and it is containing markers, and three optimal communication objects of each communication node reach three selected optimum transmitting frequencies and launch output impedance, and three optimum reception frequencies; Each node is intercepted other nodal terminal in the not busy surplus time of communication and is signaled, basis signal intensity, and the decision network impedance variation, the real-time update communication object, thus make the optimal communication network topological diagram obtain dynamic optimization;
Concentrator and each node communication terminal are carried out intercommunication in real time according to best route topological figure; Each carrier terminal is switchover intercepting between specified receive frequency, after receiving signal and accepting, to specified route terminal, by best tranmitting frequency adjustment emission output impedance, and carries out the signal transmission.Reactionless as communication object, then select for use the suboptimum frequency to carry out repetitive operation; So object is reactionless all the time, then selects the hypo-optimal route object to repeat said process.In above-mentioned communication, have only a frequency all the time in transmission, and according to the annoyance level of network node white noise signal is carried out the most low spread spectrum, thereby effectively utilized signal transmission power and frequency spectrum, also improved communication speed and success rate widely.
The present invention carries out Synchronization Control to transtation mission circuit and receiving circuit in the power line carrier communication circuit, make to send and receive the signal parallel bi-directional; When signal sends, by specific circuit the actual signal strength signal intensity that sends to electrical network is measured and analyzed, and then determine to send the network impedance of point in real time; According to the network impedance matching theory, dynamically adjust the output impedance of transtation mission circuit then, to guarantee the actual signal energy maximum that sends.
Aspect carrier networking and route, use several selected carrier frequencies respectively network organizing route topological figure to be carried out dynamic optimization termly.Sent each other and the acceptance test signal by each nodal terminal communication module, according to the signal frequency and the intensity that receive, evade network standing wave point and strong jamming zone, confirm optimal communication object and uplink and downlink communication frequency.The information of uploading in concentrator is marked on when comprising according to each node carrier terminal of receiving, optimize group of routes net topology database, dynamically adjust routed path and each uplink and downlink communication frequency to node, thereby make intrasystem communication always be undertaken by the network path of optimum.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is by above-mentioned design optimization, each node communication terminal in the power-line carrier communication system can dynamically be determined its optimal communication object and corresponding transmission and received communication frequency, and the output matched impedance of radiating circuit, transmission signal actual transmissions energy maximum, communication path the best have been guaranteed, the progression of the direct sequence spread spectrum when also making practical communication can be used minimum, thereby both improved the carrier wave success rate of once communicating by letter widely, improved communication speed again.
Another advantage of the present invention is the actual occupation rate of frequency band low, and it is simpler to transmit and receive circuit, and transmitting power is less.
Claims (3)
1. carrier communication system based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic; comprise concentrator and a plurality of carrier terminal; described concentrator is connected with a plurality of carrier terminals by low-voltage power line; described carrier terminal comprises transtation mission circuit unit and receiving circuit unit; it is characterized in that: described transtation mission circuit unit comprises power amplification and impedance adjustment circuit; modulation digital-to-analogue conversion and pre-amplifying circuit; described receiving circuit unit comprises pre-amplification and filter circuit; demodulation and analog to digital conversion circuit; described carrier terminal also comprises DSP and cpu circuit unit; isolation coupling and protected location, described DSP and cpu circuit unit are to transtation mission circuit unit and receiving circuit unit Synchronization Control.
2. a kind of carrier communication system based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the power amplification of described transtation mission circuit unit and impedance adjustment circuit comprise three identical control units, wherein first control unit comprises: resistance R 11, resistance R 12, resistance R 13, resistance R 14, resistance R 15, resistance R 16, capacitor C 11, capacitor C 12, diode D11, diode D12, triode Q11, triode Q12, triode Q13 and triode Q14, Vin-r connects the base stage of triode Q11, Vin-r and resistance R 11 are all by resistance R 12 ground connection, Vdr-r connects the base stage of triode Q11 by resistance R 11, Vdr-r connects the collector electrode of triode Q11 and the base stage of triode Q12 respectively by resistance R 13, the emitter of triode Q11 connects capacitor C 11 by resistance R 14, capacitor C 11 ground connection, the emitter of triode Q11 connects the emitter of triode Q14 by resistance R 15, the emitter of triode Q14 and inter-collector are connected with diode D12, the grounded collector of triode Q14, Vcc-p connects the collector electrode of triode Q13, the emitter of triode Q13 and inter-collector are connected with diode D11, the emitter of triode Q13 is connected with the emitter of resistance R 15 and triode Q14, Vdr-r connects the emitter of triode Q12, the base stage of triode Q12 and inter-collector are connected with capacitor C 12, the collector electrode of triode Q12 connects the base stage of triode Q13, and the collector electrode of triode Q12 is successively by diode D13, resistance R 16 ground connection.
3. carrier communication method based on power line network impedance dynamic characteristic is characterized in that:
In a carrier communication local area network (LAN), select several carrier communication frequency channels, regularly send route topological optimization instruction by concentrator; Each communication node carrier terminal adopts the direct sequence spread spectrum technology to send test massage by previously selected each carrier frequency successively, detect the signal strength signal intensity that reflects at same transmit network node place simultaneously, signal strength signal intensity and phase difference that DSP and CPU element utilization send and receive calculate the network equivalent impedance under each frequency of this transmitting node; And be in the signal strength signal intensity that each tranmitting frequency of launch terminal was intercepted and recorded to other carrier terminal in the same LAN, and writing time simultaneously;
After each took turns the route test, each carrier terminal was by its launch point line impedance order arrangement from big to small tranmitting frequency; According to frequency and the intensity of the return signal that listens to, select three communication objects and three optimum traffic frequencies simultaneously; Each carrier terminal is used selected communication frequency successively then, adjust equivalence emission impedance by Vin-r, Vin-l and Vin-c, to its communication object property verified two-way communication, maximum three the optimal communication objects of two-way communication success back locking, reach corresponding tranmitting frequency, emission impedance and receive frequency, and the result is beamed back concentrator;
By the networking route learning of number wheel, a best route topological database just builds up, and it is containing markers, and three optimal communication objects of each communication node reach three selected optimum transmitting frequencies and launch output impedance, and three optimum reception frequencies; Each node is intercepted other nodal terminal in the not busy surplus time of communication and is signaled, basis signal intensity, and the decision network impedance variation, the real-time update communication object, thus make the optimal communication network topological diagram obtain dynamic optimization;
Concentrator and each node communication terminal are carried out intercommunication in real time according to best route topological figure; Each carrier terminal is switchover intercepting between specified receive frequency, after receiving signal and accepting, to specified route terminal, by best tranmitting frequency adjustment emission output impedance, and carries out the signal transmission; Reactionless as communication object, then select for use the suboptimum frequency to carry out repetitive operation; So object is reactionless all the time, then selects the hypo-optimal route object to repeat said process.
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| CN108964715A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-07 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | The method for reducing power line carrier communication radiation interference |
| CN110417437A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-05 | 昆山网电科技有限公司 | Low-impedance line path transmission method based on high-speed power carrier wave |
| CN110601723A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 南威软件股份有限公司 | Method and system for automatically identifying topology of electric network |
| CN111211559A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-29 | 上海电机学院 | Power grid impedance estimation method based on dynamic step length firefly algorithm |
| CN113287115A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-08-20 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Transmission line design support device, transmission line design support method, and program |
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