CN103187547A - Battery temperature control box and temperature control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a battery temperature control box and a temperature control device, wherein the battery temperature control box is provided with a box body and a box cover, the inner side of the box cover is provided with the temperature control device, and the temperature control device comprises: a refrigeration circuit comprising an electric refrigerator and a first thermistor having a negative temperature coefficient in series with the electric refrigerator; a heating circuit, comprising: the temperature control device comprises an electric heater and a second thermistor which is connected with the electric heater in series and has a positive temperature coefficient, wherein when the temperature is at a specified temperature, the first thermistor and the second thermistor keep high resistance values. According to the battery temperature control box and the temperature control device, the temperature in the battery temperature control box can be effectively and quickly increased or decreased, the temperature is kept in a specified temperature range, and the service life of a battery can be prolonged.

Description

A battery temperature control box and temperature control device

technical field

The invention relates to a temperature control device and a battery temperature control box with the temperature control device.

Background technique

With the development of energy storage battery technology, as a new type of energy storage device, such as lithium battery, super capacitor energy storage, flow battery, etc., the application range is becoming wider and wider. appear more and more important. Both traditional batteries and other energy storage devices are susceptible to external temperature changes. When the external temperature is too high or too low, the capacity, charge and discharge performance and working life of the energy storage device will be seriously affected. Therefore, it is necessary to provide Energy storage devices such as batteries are equipped with temperature control boxes for batteries.

In the existing temperature control box for batteries, the battery is usually placed in the battery incubator (incubator), but the box adopts a layer of insulating material or is equipped with an air cooling device inside to keep the battery warm or cool down, but this method alone is very difficult. It is difficult to maintain the temperature of the environment (inside the box) where the pre-protected energy storage battery is located within its optimum working temperature range.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery temperature control box and a temperature control device, which can realize automatic temperature control management, and can maintain the internal temperature of the temperature control box used to accommodate energy storage batteries. Within the specified range, it is of great significance to improve the charge and discharge performance of the energy storage battery and prolong the working life.

The battery temperature control box of the present invention is characterized in that it has a box body, a box cover, and a temperature control device arranged inside the box cover, and the temperature control device has a refrigeration circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel, so The refrigeration circuit includes an electric refrigerator and a first thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric refrigerator; the heating circuit includes an electric heater and a first thermistor with a positive temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric heater The second thermistor maintains a high resistance value when the temperature is at a predetermined temperature.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, the electric cooler and the electric heater are respectively semiconductor stacks.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, the first thermistor is a CTR-type critical thermistor, and/or the second thermistor is a sudden-type PTC thermistor.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, the temperature control device uses a battery contained inside the battery temperature control box as a power source.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, a radiator is pasted on the surface of the semiconductor stack of the electric cooler and the electric heater.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, a wind cover is further provided inside the box cover, and the wind cover covers the temperature control device.

In the battery temperature control box of the present invention, a gasket is provided on the joint surface of the box cover and the box body, and mechanical fixing is used to fix the box cover and the box body.

In addition, the present invention also provides a temperature control device, which has a refrigeration circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel, and the refrigeration circuit includes an electric refrigerator and a first thermal sensor with a negative temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric refrigerator. Resistance; the heating circuit includes an electric heater and a second thermistor with a positive temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric heater. When the temperature is at a specified temperature, the first thermistor and the second thermistor The thermistor maintains a high resistance value.

According to the battery temperature control box and the temperature control device of the present invention, on the premise that the temperature in the battery temperature control box can be effectively and quickly raised or lowered, and kept within a specified temperature range, the service life of the battery can be extended. The device has a simple structure, uses fewer components, improves reliability, and significantly reduces manufacturing costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the battery temperature control box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control device in this embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and current flowing in a refrigeration circuit and a heating circuit.

FIG. 4 is a temperature-resistance curve diagram of thermistors R1 and R2 in a modified example of the temperature control device of the present invention.

Symbol Description

1 battery temperature control box

10 boxes

11 inner box

12 outer box

13 layers of insulating material

20 case covers

30 temperature control device

31 refrigeration circuit

31a cold pile

32 heating circuit

32a thermopile

40 washers

50 bolts

60 heat sink

70 Wind Hood

100 batteries

R1 negative temperature coefficient thermistor

R2 positive temperature coefficient thermistor

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the battery temperature control box of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the battery temperature control box 1 includes a box body 10, a box cover 20 and a temperature control device 30 arranged inside the box cover 20, wherein the box body 10 is a three-layer structure, including an inner box body 11, an outer box body 12 and an insulating material layer 13 arranged between the inner box body 11 and the outer box body 12, the inner box body 11 constitutes a space for accommodating batteries inside the temperature control box, and the insulating material layer 13, by making the box body 10 have the above three layers The structure can effectively suppress the heat exchange between the internal storage space of the battery temperature control box 1 and the outside. A cooling/heating temperature control device 30 is provided on the side of the box cover 20 located in the inner accommodation space for maintaining the inner space of the battery temperature control box 1 within a specified temperature range.

Wherein, the inner box body 11 of the battery temperature control box 1 can be made of red copper plate with better thermal conductivity; the outer box body 12 can be made of thin aluminum plate, but not limited to these materials. The insulating material layer 13 thickness between the inner casing 11 of the temperature control box and the outer casing 12 is preferably 15mm, and can be filled with polyurethane rigid foam plastics to form the insulating material layer 13, to prevent the gap between the temperature control box and the external environment. heat exchange between them. As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery 100 is placed in the inner space of the battery temperature control box 1 .

A gasket 40 is provided at the part where the box body 10 of the battery temperature control box 1 is in contact with the box cover 20 , preferably the gasket 40 is made of bakelite. And, at the part of the side of the case cover 20 along the outer surface of the outer case body 12 of the case body 10 , the case cover and the case body are mechanically fixed by bolts 50 . By adopting this mechanical fixing method, disassembly and maintenance can be facilitated, and the sealing performance of the box body 10 and the box cover 20 after assembly or maintenance can be ensured by replacing the gasket 40, so that the battery 100 in the internal space is isolated from the external environment to avoid Changes in external temperature and humidity have an impact on the battery 100 , prolonging the working life of the battery 100 .

Next, the structure of the temperature control device in this embodiment will be described in detail.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control device in this embodiment.

The temperature control device 30 has a cooling circuit 31 and a heating circuit 32 connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. In this embodiment, a cold stack 31a is set as a refrigerator in the refrigeration circuit 31, and the cold end of the cold stack 31a faces the inner space of the battery temperature control box 1. The cold end produces a cooling effect, which can reduce the temperature of the inner space of the temperature control box 1 . In the heating circuit 32, a thermopile 32a is set as a heater, and the hot end of the thermopile 32a faces the inner space of the battery temperature control box 1. By passing a current in the thermopile 32a, heat is generated at its hot end, which can The inner space of the temperature control box 1 is heated.

In the refrigeration circuit 31 and the heating circuit 32, power is supplied to the cold pile 31a and the thermopile 32a through the thermistors R1 and R2 respectively. The thermistors R1 and R2 are arranged in the inner space of the temperature control box to detect the temperature around the battery 100 in the temperature control box 1 . Among them, the thermistor R1 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, and the resistance value decreases with the increase of temperature; the thermistor R2 is a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and the resistance value increases with the increase of temperature.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature and the currents flowing in the refrigeration circuit 31 and the heating circuit 32 . Wherein, the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the internal space of the temperature control box 1, and the vertical axis represents the current supplied to the cold pile 31a of the refrigeration circuit 31 and the current supplied to the thermopile 32a of the heating circuit 32 through the thermistors R1 and R2 respectively. Current, T0 represents the central value of the optimum operating temperature range of the battery 100, for example, about 30 degrees.

By properly setting the types of thermistors R1 and R2, when the temperature is near T0, the current flowing through the cold pile 31a and the thermopile 32a is very small, and the heat absorbed by the cold pile 31a and the heat released by the thermopile 32a are all low and in a roughly balanced state. When the temperature rises from around T0, since the resistance of the thermistor R1 decreases, the resistance of the thermistor R2 increases, so that the current L1 flowing through the cold pile 31a increases, and the current L1 flowing through the thermopile 32a When the current is further reduced, the heat absorbed by the cold pile 31a is greater than the heat released by the thermopile 32a, so that the internal space of the temperature control box 1 can be refrigerated. Conversely, when the temperature decreases from around T0, due to the increase of the resistance of the thermistor R1, the resistance of the thermistor R2 decreases, so that the current L1 flowing through the cold pile 31a further decreases, and flows through the thermopile The current of 32a increases, and the heat absorption of the cold pile 31a is smaller than the heat release of the thermopile, so that the inner space of the temperature control box 1 can be heated. As mentioned above, by setting the temperature control device as shown in Figure 2, the temperature of the internal space of the battery temperature control box 1 can be maintained within a specified temperature range, so that the battery 100 is always in the optimum operating temperature range, which can improve The charging and discharging performance of the battery 100 is improved, and the working life is extended.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the cold end of the cold pile 31a and the hot end of the thermopile 32a are facing the inside of the temperature control box 1, and the cooling fins 60 are covered on the cold end and the hot end, which can utilize heat conduction The polyester film with good performance sticks the cold pile 31a, the thermopile 32a and the heat sink 60 together to improve the efficiency of cooling or heating. Although not shown in FIG. 2 , thermistors R1 and R2 are installed in the inner space of the temperature control box 1 .

The inner surface of the case cover 20 is provided with a windshield 70 covering the temperature control device 30, and the windshield 70 is used to protect the cold pile 31a, the thermopile 32a and the heat sink 60 of the temperature control The temperature control device 30 is damaged, and does not affect the heating or cooling of the internal space of the temperature control box 1 by the cold pile 31 a and the thermopile 32 a through the heat sink 60 .

In addition, the temperature control device 30 can be powered by the battery 100 provided in the battery temperature control box 1 , so that it is not necessary to use an additional power supply to maintain the temperature of the internal space containing the battery 100 .

The temperature control device 30 has a simple structure, a small number of components, low manufacturing cost and high reliability, and can effectively control the cost of the temperature control box 1 .

Variation

In this modified example, the thermistor R1 uses a known critical thermistor (CTR), and the resistance value of the CTR thermistor decreases sharply as the temperature rises near a specific temperature, and the variation reaches 2 to 4 orders of magnitude. On the other hand, the thermistor R2 uses a known mutation-type PTC thermistor. When the mutation-type PTC thermistor reaches the Curie point temperature, the resistance value increases sharply by several orders of magnitude in a small temperature range, and the temperature coefficient of resistance can be Up to +0.10～+0.60K-1.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing temperature characteristic curves of the thermistors R1 and R2.

As shown in Figure 4, thermistors R1 and R2 respectively have a temperature range in which the resistance value changes sharply. For the thermistor R1, the temperature range in which the resistance value decreases sharply with the increase in temperature is around 35 degrees. For the thermistor R2, so that the temperature range in which the resistance value decreases sharply as the temperature decreases is around 20 degrees.

Thus, when the temperature of the internal space containing the battery 100 is within the range of 20 to 35 degrees, the thermistors R1 and R2 maintain a high resistance value, and when the temperature of the internal space rises to around 35 degrees, the thermistor The resistance value of the resistor R1 decreases rapidly, and the current L1 supplied to the cold stack 31a increases rapidly, which can quickly cool down; on the contrary, when the temperature of the inner space of the temperature control box 1 drops to around 20 degrees, the temperature of the thermistor R2 The resistance value decreases rapidly, and the current L2 supplied to the thermopile 32a increases rapidly, which can quickly heat up. Therefore, increasing the selection of appropriate thermistors R1 and R2 can make temperature control more sensitive and more accurate. The temperature inside the control box 1. When the temperature of the internal space of the battery temperature control box 1 is in the range of 20 to 35 degrees, the resistance values of the thermistors R1 and R2 are very high, reaching hundreds of kΩ, so the current flowing through the refrigeration circuit 31 and the current flowing through the system The current of the thermal circuit 32 is very small, which can significantly reduce the consumption of the battery 100 that supplies power to the temperature control device 30 .

According to the description of the above embodiments and modifications, the battery temperature control box and temperature control device based on the present invention have the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high reliability. But the present invention is not limited to the description of the above specific embodiments. For example, other resistance heaters can be used in addition to the thermopile for the heater. The same is true for the refrigerator, and other electronic components that have a cooling effect through the flow of current can be used. . In addition, if conditions permit, an additional power supply can also be used to supply power to the temperature control device. In addition, as the mechanical fixing method of the box body and the box cover, in addition to the bolt fixing described in this embodiment, pin fixing, buckle fixing, or an additional bracket that clamps the box body and the box cover from the upper and lower directions can also be used. and other mechanical fixation methods. The battery temperature control box 1 can be easily disassembled and installed by arranging a gasket on the contact surface between the box body and the box cover and using mechanical fixation, which is convenient for maintenance and repair.

The above embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims, and the principles and ideas of the present invention can also be implemented in a manner equivalent to or similar to the above-mentioned embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. A battery temperature control box, characterized in that: It has a box body, a box cover and a temperature control device arranged inside the box cover, The temperature control device has a refrigeration circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel, The refrigeration circuit includes an electric refrigerator and a first thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric refrigerator; The heating circuit includes an electric heater and a second thermistor connected in series with the electric heater and having a positive temperature coefficient. 2. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric cooler and the electric heater are respectively semiconductor stacks. 3. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first thermistor is a CTR-type critical thermistor, and/or the second thermistor is a sudden-type PTC thermistor. 4. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device utilizes a battery housed inside the battery temperature control box as a power source. 5. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Radiators are pasted on the surfaces of the electric refrigerator and the electric heater. 6. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A windshield is also provided on the inner side of the box cover, The wind shield covers the temperature control device. 7. The battery temperature control box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A washer is provided on the joint surface of the box cover and the box body, and the box cover and the box body are fixed by mechanical fixing. 8. A temperature control device, characterized in that: with cooling and heating circuits connected in parallel, The refrigeration circuit includes an electric refrigerator and a first thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient connected in series with the electric refrigerator; The heating circuit includes an electric heater and a second thermistor connected in series with the electric heater and having a positive temperature coefficient. 9. The temperature control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric refrigerator and/or the electric heater are respectively semiconductor stacks. 10. The temperature control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first thermistor is a CTR-type critical thermistor, and/or the second thermistor is a sudden-type PTC thermistor.

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