CN103182775A - Method and equipment for double-screw size replacement dragging deformation plasticization machining - Google Patents

Method and equipment for double-screw size replacement dragging deformation plasticization machining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103182775A
CN103182775A CN2013100702512A CN201310070251A CN103182775A CN 103182775 A CN103182775 A CN 103182775A CN 2013100702512 A CN2013100702512 A CN 2013100702512A CN 201310070251 A CN201310070251 A CN 201310070251A CN 103182775 A CN103182775 A CN 103182775A
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screw
screw rod
circumferential
equipment
entity
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CN103182775B (en
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瞿金平
杨智韬
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Guangzhou Huaxinke Industrial Co Ltd
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Guangzhou Huaxinke Industrial Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/475—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pistons, accumulators or press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/56—Screws having grooves or cavities other than the thread or the channel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
    • B29C48/60—Thread tops
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for double-screw size replacement dragging deformation plasticization machining. According to the equipment, circumference baffle plates are additionally arranged inside screw grooves of a first screw rod and a second screw rod; circumference baffle plate meshing grooves are formed in the screw edges of the first screw rod and the second screw rod; and the circumference baffle plates in the screw grooves in the first screw rod and the second screw rod are meshed with the circumference baffle plate meshing grooves in the screw edges of the second screw rod or the first screw rod. When the double screws rotate, the volume of a curved rhombus space formed by two circumference baffle plates in the screw grooves of one screw rod and the inner surface of a cylinder is replaced by the volume of a curved rhombus entity between the two circumference baffle plate meshing grooves on the screw edges of the other screw rod, so that the compression and the plasticization of a material are realized, and the material is discharged out from a downstream top part notch in the curved rhombus space. By utilizing the method and the equipment, the extrusion machining of a high polymer material is realized, or the equipment is combined with a plunger injection unit so as to realize injection molding machining, and the method and the equipment have the characteristics of good material mixing plastification effect, short thermal machine process, low energy consumption, wide application, convenience in assembling and disassembling and the like.

Description

一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法及设备A twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing method and equipment

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及高分子材料塑化加工方法与设备，特别是涉及双螺杆塑化加工，具体是指一种高分子材料双螺杆体积拉伸形变加工方法与设备。The invention relates to a polymer material plasticizing processing method and equipment, in particular to twin-screw plasticizing processing, in particular to a polymer material twin-screw volume stretching deformation processing method and equipment.

技术背景technical background

双螺杆挤出加工是高分子材料加工过程中的一种重要方法，相对于单螺杆挤出加工，双螺杆挤出机喂料特性好，且具有更好的混炼、排气、反应和自洁功能，适用于加工热稳定性差的塑料和共混料。双螺杆挤出加工的物料输送主要还是依赖于靠螺杆旋转时对物料的拖曳作用，这种输送过程受剪切应力支配，所以当前的高分子材料双螺杆挤出加工普遍存在物料塑化输运所经历的热机械历程长、塑化混炼效果差、能耗高、设备结构大、对物料特性依赖性强等缺陷。虽然在双螺杆挤出共混等加工过程中为了提高混合、混炼效果在螺杆的某些部位增设捏合元件使局部流场被拉伸流变控制，但是这种局部流场的变化并未改变双螺杆挤出机或各种多螺杆挤出机中物料的塑化输运过程受剪切流变支配的机理。特别是近年来挤出机螺杆转速高速化趋势在实现了高产量、高效率的同时，也带来了一系列问题：如物料在螺杆内停留时间减少会导致物料混炼塑化不均；物料经受过度剪切可能造成物料急骤升温和热分解；挤出稳定性控制困难会造成挤出物几何尺寸波动等问题。Twin-screw extrusion processing is an important method in the processing of polymer materials. Compared with single-screw extrusion processing, twin-screw extruder has better feeding characteristics, and has better mixing, exhaust, reaction and self-efficacy. Clean function, suitable for processing plastics and blends with poor thermal stability. The material transportation of twin-screw extrusion processing mainly depends on the dragging effect on the material when the screw rotates. This transportation process is dominated by shear stress, so the current twin-screw extrusion processing of polymer materials generally has material plasticization transportation. Experienced defects such as long thermomechanical process, poor plasticizing and mixing effect, high energy consumption, large equipment structure, and strong dependence on material properties. Although kneading elements are added to some parts of the screw in order to improve the mixing and kneading effect in the process of twin-screw extrusion blending, so that the local flow field is controlled by extensional rheology, but the change of this local flow field has not changed. The plasticizing and transportation process of materials in twin-screw extruders or various multi-screw extruders is governed by shear rheology. Especially in recent years, the trend of high-speed extruder screw speed has achieved high output and high efficiency, but it has also brought a series of problems: such as the reduction of the residence time of materials in the screw, which will lead to uneven mixing and plasticization of materials; Excessive shearing may cause rapid material rise and thermal decomposition; difficulty in controlling extrusion stability will cause problems such as geometric fluctuations in the extrudate.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法，以解决高分子材料成型加工过程中混炼塑化不均、物料经历的热机械历程长、能耗高、物料易热分解问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a twin-screw volume displacement tensile deformation plasticization processing method to solve the problems of uneven mixing and plasticization, long thermomechanical history of materials, high energy consumption, and easy handling of materials during the molding process of polymer materials. thermal decomposition problem.

本发明的目的还在于提供一种实现双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法的设备。The object of the present invention is also to provide a device for realizing the twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing method.

本发明目的通过如下技术方案实现：The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法：啮合区的物料被强制向前输送，通过在全啮合异向旋转双螺杆旋转时，一根螺杆的螺槽中两个圆周挡块与料筒内表面形成的曲面菱形空间的容积被另一螺杆的螺棱上两个圆周挡块啮合槽之间的曲面菱形实体体积置换，实现物料的压实、塑化，并从曲面棱形空间的下游顶部缺口排出，进入下一个曲面棱形空间，在多次体积置换时拉伸形变支配作用下完成连续塑化输运过程。A twin-screw volume replacement tensile deformation plasticizing processing method: the material in the meshing area is forced to be conveyed forward, and when the fully meshed counter-rotating twin-screws rotate, two circumferential stops in the groove of a screw and the material The volume of the curved diamond-shaped space formed on the inner surface of the barrel is replaced by the volume of the curved diamond-shaped entity between the two circumferential stopper engagement grooves on the screw flight of the other screw, so as to realize the compaction and plasticization of the material, and from the surface of the curved rhombic space. The downstream top notch is discharged into the next curved prismatic space, and the continuous plasticizing transportation process is completed under the dominance of tensile deformation during multiple volume replacements.

一种实现双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法的设备，包括第一螺杆、第二螺杆，所述第一螺杆和第二螺杆位于料筒内，分别与驱动装置连接，在第一螺杆和第二螺杆的螺槽中都增设圆周挡块，圆周挡块呈圆环状，圆周挡块的高度与螺棱的高度相同；在第一螺杆和第二螺杆的螺棱上都开设圆周挡块啮合槽，圆周挡块啮合槽呈圆周凹槽状，圆周挡块啮合槽的深度与螺槽的深度相同；在螺棱上圆周挡块啮合槽将螺棱分割成第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体；相邻两个圆周挡块与第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体形成曲面菱形空间；圆周挡块与第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体端面均存在缺口；第一螺杆或第二螺杆为异向旋转双螺杆，第一螺杆或第二螺杆上螺槽中的圆周挡块与第二螺杆或第一螺杆上螺棱上的圆周挡块啮合槽啮合。A device for realizing a twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing method, comprising a first screw and a second screw, the first screw and the second screw are located in a barrel and connected to a driving device respectively, and the first screw and the second screw are respectively connected to a driving device. and the screw grooves of the second screw are provided with a circumferential stop, the circumferential stop is annular, and the height of the circumferential stop is the same as the height of the flight; a circumferential stop is set on the flight of the first screw and the second screw. block engagement groove, the engagement groove of the circumferential stopper is in the shape of a circumferential groove, and the depth of the engagement groove of the circumferential stopper is the same as the depth of the screw groove; the engagement groove of the circumferential stopper on the screw edge divides the screw edge into the first curved diamond-shaped entity and the second Two curved surface rhombus entities; two adjacent circumferential stops form a surface rhomboid space with the first curved surface rhomboid entity and the second curved surface rhomboid entity; there are gaps between the circumferential stopper and the end surfaces of the first curved surface rhomboid entity and the second curved surface rhomboid entity; The first screw or the second screw is a double-screw rotating in different directions, and the circumferential stopper in the groove on the first screw or the second screw engages with the circumferential stopper engaging groove on the flight of the second screw or the first screw.

进一步地，所述缺口的宽度大于0小于1/2第一螺杆或第二螺杆的螺距。更进一步地，所述缺口的宽度为1/5-1/2第一螺杆或第二螺杆的螺距。Further, the width of the notch is greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the pitch of the first screw or the second screw. Furthermore, the width of the gap is 1/5-1/2 the pitch of the first screw or the second screw.

进一步地，所述第一螺杆和第二螺杆位于料筒内，在料筒的一端设有料斗，另一端设有模头。更进一步地，所述设备还包括集料器和注射料筒；集料器的进料端面与模头上的出料端面固定连接，集料器的出料端面与注射料筒的进料端面固定连接；注射料筒前端设有喷嘴，后端设有注射油缸；注射活塞设置在注射油缸内，并伸入注射料筒的空腔中，注射料筒的空腔还分别与集料器的流道和喷嘴连通，集料器的流道还与模头上的出口连通。Further, the first screw and the second screw are located in the barrel, a hopper is set at one end of the barrel, and a die is set at the other end. Furthermore, the device also includes a material collector and an injection barrel; the feed end surface of the material collector is fixedly connected with the discharge end surface on the die head, and the discharge end surface of the material collector is connected with the feed end surface of the injection barrel Fixed connection; the front end of the injection cylinder is provided with a nozzle, and the rear end is provided with an injection cylinder; the injection piston is set in the injection cylinder and extends into the cavity of the injection cylinder, and the cavity of the injection cylinder is also connected to the The flow channel is communicated with the nozzle, and the flow channel of the material collector is also communicated with the outlet on the die head.

本发明采用了基于双螺杆拉伸流变塑化输运方法，解决高分子材料成型加工过程中混炼塑化不均、物料经历的热机械历程长、能耗高、物料易热分解问题，与传统高分子材料加工技术相比，具有以下优点：The present invention adopts a transportation method based on twin-screw elongational rheological plasticization to solve the problems of uneven mixing and plasticization, long thermomechanical history of materials, high energy consumption, and easy thermal decomposition of materials during the molding process of polymer materials. Compared with traditional polymer material processing technology, it has the following advantages:

1、物料在菱形空间的体积置换，可实现物料在拉伸形变支配作用下的塑化输运过程，相对于传统剪切流变支配的螺杆拖曳塑化输送过程，完成塑化输运过程所经历的热机械历程大大缩短，塑化输运能耗降低；1. The volume displacement of the material in the diamond-shaped space can realize the plasticizing and transporting process of the material under the influence of tensile deformation. The thermal mechanical process experienced is greatly shortened, and the energy consumption of plasticizing and transporting is reduced;

2、物料在双螺杆输送过程中具有连续通道，相对于传统双螺杆在输送过程中物料的非连续输送，挤出的稳定性大大提高；2. The material has a continuous channel during the twin-screw conveying process. Compared with the discontinuous conveying of the material during the traditional twin-screw conveying process, the extrusion stability is greatly improved;

3、强化了高分子材料塑化混炼效果，对物料适应性提高；3. Strengthen the plasticizing and mixing effect of polymer materials, and improve the adaptability to materials;

4、拆装简易，便于推广应用。4. It is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is convenient for popularization and application.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工设备的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing equipment;

图2为图1中曲面菱形实体和曲面菱形空间展开图；Fig. 2 is a curved surface rhombus entity and a curved surface rhombus space expansion diagram in Fig. 1;

图3为双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化挤出设备的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing extrusion equipment;

图4为双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化注射设备的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of twin-screw volume displacement stretch deformation plasticizing injection equipment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表述的范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the range expressed in the examples.

实施例1Example 1

如图1、2所示，一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工设备，包括第一螺杆1、第二螺杆2，第一螺杆1或第二螺杆2为异向旋转双螺杆，设置在料桶内，分别与驱动装置连接；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺槽4中都增设圆周挡块7，圆周挡块7呈圆环状，圆周挡块7的高度与螺棱3的高度相同；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺棱3上都开设圆周挡块啮合槽9，圆周挡块啮合槽9呈圆周凹槽状，圆周挡块啮合槽9的深度与螺槽4的深度相同；在螺棱3上圆周挡块啮合槽9将螺棱3分割成第一曲面菱形实体5和第二曲面菱形实体8；相邻两个圆周挡块7与第一曲面菱形实体5端面和第二曲面菱形实体8端面形成曲面菱形空间6；圆周挡块7与第一曲面菱形实体5和第二曲面菱形实体8端面均存在缺口10，缺口10宽度大于0小于1/2螺距，缺口的宽度优选为1/5-1/2第一螺杆或第二螺杆的螺距螺距。第一螺杆1或第二螺杆2上的螺棱3与第二螺杆2或第一螺杆1上的螺槽4完全啮合；第一螺杆1或第二螺杆2上螺槽4中的圆周挡块7与第二螺杆2或第一螺杆1上螺棱3上的圆周挡块啮合槽9完全啮合。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a twin-screw volume displacement tensile deformation plasticizing processing equipment includes a first screw 1 and a second screw 2, the first screw 1 or the second screw 2 are twin screws rotating in different directions, and the In the feed barrel, it is connected with the driving device respectively; in the screw groove 4 of the first screw rod 1 and the second screw rod 2, a circumferential stopper 7 is added, and the circumferential stopper 7 is annular, and the height of the circumferential stopper 7 is the same as that of the screw. The heights of the ribs 3 are the same; on the ribs 3 of the first screw 1 and the second screw 2, a circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 is provided, and the circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 is in the shape of a circumferential groove, and the depth of the circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 is The same as the depth of the screw groove 4; on the screw edge 3, the circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 divides the screw edge 3 into the first curved surface rhombus entity 5 and the second curved surface rhombus entity 8; two adjacent circumferential stoppers 7 and the first The end face of the curved rhombus entity 5 and the end surface of the second curved rhombus entity 8 form a curved rhombus space 6; there are gaps 10 between the circumferential stopper 7 and the end faces of the first curved rhombus entity 5 and the second curved rhombus entity 8, and the width of the gap 10 is greater than 0 and less than 1 /2 pitch, the width of the notch is preferably 1/5-1/2 the pitch of the first screw or the second screw. The screw flight 3 on the first screw 1 or the second screw 2 is fully engaged with the screw groove 4 on the second screw 2 or the first screw 1; the circumferential stopper in the screw groove 4 on the first screw 1 or the second screw 2 7 is fully engaged with the circumferential block engaging groove 9 on the second screw 2 or the first screw 1 on the flight 3 .

一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法，第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2啮合旋转时，啮合区的物料被强制向前输送，进入双螺杆体积拉伸形变体积置换塑化输送区。图2为双螺杆物料体积置换区展开图，参考图1、图2，物料从第二曲面菱形实体8和圆周挡块7之间的缺口10进入由两个圆周挡块7与第一曲面菱形实体5端面和第二曲面菱形实体8端面形成曲面菱形空间6中，在另一内啮合第二螺杆2的第一曲面菱形实体5的挤压下，从曲面菱形空间6顶部的缺口10排出，并进入下一曲面菱形空间6进行连续塑化挤出，实现体积置换塑化输运。由于多次菱形空间体积置换可实现拉伸形变支配作用下的物料塑化输运，而实现体积置换的缺口10作为塑化输送过程的连续通道，将保证物料在连续塑化输送过程的稳定性，相对于传统双螺杆在输送过程中物料的非连续输送，挤出的稳定性大大提高；物料在菱形空间的体积置换，可实现物料在拉伸形变支配作用下的塑化输运过程，相对于传统剪切流变支配的螺杆拖曳塑化输送过程，完成塑化输运过程所经历的热机械历程大大缩短，塑化输运能耗降低；因此双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法最终可实现热机械历程短、能耗降低、挤出稳定的高分子材料塑化输运过程。该方法强化了高分子材料塑化混炼效果，对物料适应性提高；本发明的设备结构相对简单，拆装简易，便于推广应用。A twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing method. When the first screw 1 and the second screw 2 mesh and rotate, the materials in the meshing area are forced to be conveyed forward and enter the twin-screw volume stretching deformation volume displacement plasticizing conveying area . Fig. 2 is the expansion diagram of the twin-screw material volume replacement area. With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the material enters from the gap 10 between the second curved surface diamond-shaped entity 8 and the circumferential stopper 7 and is formed by two circumferential stoppers 7 and the first curved surface rhombus The end surface of the entity 5 and the end surface of the second curved rhombic entity 8 form a curved rhomboid space 6, under the extrusion of the first curved rhomboid entity 5 that engages the second screw 2 internally, it is discharged from the gap 10 at the top of the curved rhomboid space 6, And enter the rhombus space 6 on the next curved surface for continuous plasticizing and extruding to realize volume replacement plasticizing transportation. Since multiple diamond-shaped space volume displacements can realize plasticized transportation of materials under the influence of tensile deformation, and the gap 10 that realizes volume displacement is used as a continuous channel in the plasticized transportation process, which will ensure the stability of materials in the continuous plasticized transportation process , compared with the discontinuous conveying of materials in the traditional twin-screw conveying process, the stability of extrusion is greatly improved; the volume displacement of materials in the diamond-shaped space can realize the plasticizing and conveying process of materials under the influence of tensile deformation. Compared with the traditional shear rheology-dominated screw drag plasticizing conveying process, the thermomechanical process experienced during the plasticizing conveying process is greatly shortened, and the energy consumption of plasticizing conveying is reduced; Finally, the polymer material plasticizing transportation process with short thermomechanical process, reduced energy consumption and stable extrusion can be realized. The method strengthens the plasticizing and mixing effect of polymer materials, and improves the adaptability to materials; the device of the invention has relatively simple structure, easy disassembly and assembly, and is convenient for popularization and application.

实施例2Example 2

参考图3，双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化挤出设备，主要由第一螺杆1、第二螺杆2、料斗12、料筒13、模头14和驱动装置组成，其中第一螺杆1、第二螺杆2与图1、2中的双螺杆相同，位于料筒13内，分别与驱动装置连接；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺槽4中都增设圆周挡块7，圆周挡块7呈圆环状，圆周挡块7的高度与螺棱3的高度相同；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺棱3上都开设圆周挡块啮合槽9，圆周挡块啮合槽9呈圆周凹槽状，圆周挡块啮合槽9的深度与螺槽4的深度相同；在料筒13的一端设有料斗12，另一端设有模头14；物料从料斗12进入双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化单元，经过不断的体积置换塑化，最后再经连接在螺杆挤压单元的料筒13上的模头14进入模具挤出、冷却、定型得到制品。Referring to Fig. 3, the twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing extrusion equipment is mainly composed of a first screw 1, a second screw 2, a hopper 12, a barrel 13, a die head 14 and a driving device, wherein the first screw 1, The second screw 2 is the same as the twin-screw in Figures 1 and 2, and is located in the barrel 13 and is connected to the driving device respectively; in the screw groove 4 of the first screw 1 and the second screw 2, a circumferential block 7 is added, and the circumference The stopper 7 is in the shape of a ring, and the height of the circumferential stopper 7 is the same as that of the screw flight 3; a circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 is provided on the first screw 1 and the flight 3 of the second screw 2, and the circumferential stopper engages The groove 9 is in the shape of a circumferential groove, and the depth of the circumferential stopper engagement groove 9 is the same as that of the screw groove 4; a hopper 12 is provided at one end of the barrel 13, and a die head 14 is provided at the other end; the material enters the twin-screw from the hopper 12 The volume stretching deformation plasticizing unit undergoes continuous volume replacement and plasticizing, and finally enters the mold through the die head 14 connected to the barrel 13 of the screw extrusion unit to extrude, cool, and shape to obtain the product.

实施例3Example 3

参考图4，双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化注射设备主要由双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I、柱塞注射单元II和集料器15组成；其中，柱塞注射单元II主要由注射油缸16、注射活塞17、注射料筒18、喷嘴19等组成。集料器15的进料端面与双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I的模头14上的出料端面固定连接，集料器15的出料端面与柱塞注射单元II的注射料筒18的进料端面固定连接；注射料筒18前端设有喷嘴19，后端设有注射油缸16；注射活塞17设置在注射油缸16内，并伸入注射料筒18的空腔中，注射料筒18的空腔还分别与集料器15的流道和喷嘴19连通，集料器15的流道还与模头14上的出口连通。参考图1、2、3，双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I主要由第一螺杆1、第二螺杆2、料斗12、料筒13和模头14组成，其中第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2位于料筒13内，分别与驱动装置连接；在料筒13的一端设有料斗12，另一端设有模头14；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺槽4中都增设圆周挡块7，圆周挡块7呈圆环状，圆周挡块7的高度与螺棱3的高度相同；在第一螺杆1和第二螺杆2的螺棱3上都开设圆周挡块啮合槽9，圆周挡块啮合槽9呈圆周凹槽状，圆周挡块啮合槽9的深度与螺槽4的深度相同。物料从料斗12进入双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化单元，由双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I塑化好的熔体经过集料器15进入柱塞注射单元II的注射料筒18中，在熔体的压力下柱塞注射单元II的注射活塞17后退，当柱塞注射单元II的注射料筒18中储料量达到注射制品要求的计量值时双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I停止塑化，注射机的塑化计量工序结束。待注射机完成充模、保压工序后，在制品冷却阶段双螺杆体积拉伸形变塑化输运设备I开始塑化，注射机开始制品成型的新一个周期。Referring to Fig. 4, the twin-screw volume replacement tensile deformation plasticization injection equipment is mainly composed of twin-screw volume tensile deformation plasticization transport equipment I, plunger injection unit II and collector 15; wherein, plunger injection unit II is mainly composed of It consists of injection cylinder 16, injection piston 17, injection barrel 18, nozzle 19 and so on. The feed end face of the material collector 15 is fixedly connected with the discharge end face on the die head 14 of the twin-screw volume stretching deformation plastic transportation equipment I, and the discharge end face of the material collector 15 is connected with the injection material of the plunger injection unit II. The feeding end surface of the cylinder 18 is fixedly connected; the front end of the injection cylinder 18 is provided with a nozzle 19, and the rear end is provided with an injection cylinder 16; The cavity of the barrel 18 is also communicated with the flow channel of the material collector 15 and the nozzle 19 respectively, and the flow channel of the material collector 15 is also communicated with the outlet on the die head 14 . Referring to Fig. 1, 2, 3, the twin-screw volume stretching deformation plasticizing transportation equipment 1 is mainly made up of the first screw 1, the second screw 2, the hopper 12, the barrel 13 and the die head 14, wherein the first screw 1 and The second screw 2 is located in the barrel 13 and is respectively connected with the driving device; one end of the barrel 13 is provided with a hopper 12, and the other end is provided with a die head 14; in the screw groove 4 of the first screw 1 and the second screw 2 All increase the circumferential stop 7, the circumferential stop 7 is annular, and the height of the circumferential stop 7 is the same as the height of the flight 3; all set the circumferential stop on the flight 3 of the first screw 1 and the second screw 2 The engagement groove 9 and the circumferential block engagement groove 9 are in the shape of a circumferential groove, and the depth of the circumferential block engagement groove 9 is the same as that of the screw groove 4 . The material enters the twin-screw volume stretching plasticizing unit from the hopper 12, and the melt plasticized by the twin-screw volume stretching plasticization transportation equipment I enters the injection barrel 18 of the plunger injection unit II through the aggregate 15 In the process, under the pressure of the melt, the injection piston 17 of the plunger injection unit II retreats, and when the storage volume in the injection cylinder 18 of the plunger injection unit II reaches the metering value required by the injection product, the twin-screw volume stretches and deforms The transport equipment 1 stops plasticizing, and the plasticizing and metering process of the injection machine ends. After the injection machine completes the mold filling and pressure-holding process, the twin-screw volume stretching plasticization transportation equipment I starts plasticizing during the product cooling stage, and the injection machine starts a new cycle of product molding.

Claims (6)

1.一种双螺杆体积置换拉伸形变塑化加工方法，其特征在于：啮合区的物料被强制向前输送，通过在全啮合异向旋转双螺杆旋转时，一根螺杆的螺槽中两个圆周挡块与料筒内表面形成的曲面菱形空间的容积被另一螺杆的螺棱上两个圆周挡块啮合槽之间的曲面菱形实体体积置换，实现物料的压实、塑化，并从曲面棱形空间的下游顶部缺口排出，进入下一个曲面棱形空间，在多次体积置换时拉伸形变支配作用下完成连续塑化输运过程。1. A twin-screw volume displacement stretching deformation plasticizing processing method is characterized in that: the material in the meshing area is forced to be conveyed forward, and when the fully meshed counter-rotating twin-screws rotate, two in the screw groove of one screw The volume of the curved diamond-shaped space formed by the first circumferential stopper and the inner surface of the barrel is replaced by the volume of the curved diamond-shaped entity between the two circumferential stopper engagement grooves on the flight of the other screw, so as to realize the compaction and plasticization of the material, and It is discharged from the downstream top gap of the curved prismatic space, enters the next curved prismatic space, and completes the continuous plasticizing transportation process under the dominance of tensile deformation during multiple volume replacements. 2.一种实现权利要求1所述加工方法的设备，其特征在于：包括第一螺杆、第二螺杆，所述第一螺杆和第二螺杆位于料筒内，分别与驱动装置连接；在第一螺杆和第二螺杆的螺槽中都增设圆周挡块，圆周挡块呈圆环状，圆周挡块的高度与螺棱的高度相同；在第一螺杆和第二螺杆的螺棱上都开设圆周挡块啮合槽，圆周挡块啮合槽呈圆周凹槽状，圆周挡块啮合槽的深度与螺槽的深度相同；在螺棱上圆周挡块啮合槽将螺棱分割成第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体；相邻两个圆周挡块与第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体形成曲面菱形空间；圆周挡块与第一曲面菱形实体和第二曲面菱形实体端面均存在缺口；第一螺杆或第二螺杆为异向旋转双螺杆，第一螺杆或第二螺杆上螺槽中的圆周挡块与第二螺杆或第一螺杆上螺棱上的圆周挡块啮合槽啮合。2. A device for realizing the processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising a first screw and a second screw, the first screw and the second screw are located in the barrel and are connected to the driving device respectively; A circumferential stopper is added in the screw grooves of the first screw and the second screw, and the circumferential stopper is in the shape of a ring, and the height of the circumferential stopper is the same as the height of the flight; Circumferential stopper engagement groove, the circumferential stopper engagement groove is in the shape of a circumferential groove, and the depth of the circumferential stopper engagement groove is the same as the depth of the screw groove; on the screw flight, the circumferential stopper engagement groove divides the screw flight into the first curved diamond-shaped entity and the second surface rhombus entity; two adjacent circumferential stoppers form a surface rhombus space with the first surface rhombus entity and the second surface rhombus entity; there are gaps between the circumferential stopper and the first surface rhombus entity and the second surface rhombus entity ; The first screw or the second screw is a counter-rotating double screw, and the circumferential stopper in the groove on the first screw or the second screw engages with the circumferential stopper engagement groove on the flight of the second screw or the first screw. 3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于：所述缺口的宽度大于0小于1/2第一螺杆或第二螺杆的螺距。3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the width of the gap is greater than 0 and less than 1/2 of the pitch of the first screw or the second screw. 4.根据权利要求3所述的设备，其特征在于：所述缺口的宽度为1/5-1/2第一螺杆或第二螺杆的螺距。4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the width of the gap is 1/5-1/2 the pitch of the first screw or the second screw. 5.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于：在料筒的一端设有料斗，另一端设有模头。5. The equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: a hopper is provided at one end of the barrel, and a die is provided at the other end. 6.根据权利要求5所述的设备，其特征在于：所述设备还包括集料器和注射料筒；集料器的进料端面与模头上的出料端面固定连接，集料器的出料端面与注射料筒的进料端面固定连接；注射料筒前端设有喷嘴，后端设有注射油缸；注射活塞设置在注射油缸内，并伸入注射料筒的空腔中，注射料筒的空腔还分别与集料器的流道和喷嘴连通，集料器的流道还与模头上的出口连通。6. The equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the equipment also includes a material collector and an injection cylinder; the feed end face of the material collector is fixedly connected with the discharge end face on the die head, and the material collector The discharge end face is fixedly connected with the feed end face of the injection barrel; the front end of the injection barrel is provided with a nozzle, and the rear end is provided with an injection cylinder; the injection piston is set in the injection cylinder and extends into the cavity of the injection barrel, and the injection material The cavity of the cylinder is also communicated with the flow channel and the nozzle of the material collector respectively, and the flow channel of the material collector is also communicated with the outlet on the die head.
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