CN103175199A - Low-load burner capable of achieving boiler flue heat recycling for boiler - Google Patents
Low-load burner capable of achieving boiler flue heat recycling for boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175199A CN103175199A CN2013100818519A CN201310081851A CN103175199A CN 103175199 A CN103175199 A CN 103175199A CN 2013100818519 A CN2013100818519 A CN 2013100818519A CN 201310081851 A CN201310081851 A CN 201310081851A CN 103175199 A CN103175199 A CN 103175199A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-load burner capable of achieving boiler flue heat recycling for a boiler. The low-load burner capable of achieving boiler flue heat recycling for the boiler comprises a front-end wind-powder pipeline, a coal pyrolysis chamber, a coal pyrolysis gas nozzle, a smoke guiding pipeline, a Laval nozzle, and an air supply duct, wherein the front end of the air supply duct is communicated with an inlet end of the coal pyrolysis chamber, and is connected with the wind-powder pipeline in parallel and jointes at the inlet end of the coal pyrolysis chamber, the rear end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the front end of the Laval nozzle, the rear end of the Laval nozzle is used for connecting an air feeder, the Laval nozzle is arranged in a transverse mode, the smoke guiding pipeline is a bent pipe arranged in a vertical mode, the upper end of the smoke guiding pipeline is used for communicating with a horizontal boiler flue and the lower end of the smoke guiding pipeline is communicated with the throat portion of the Laval nozzle, and high temperature flue gas in the horizontal boiler flue is guided into the coal pyrolysis chamber through the smoke guiding pipeline to provide a heat source for coal powder pyrolysis. The low-load burner capable of achieving boiler flue heat recycling for the boiler is simple in structure and capable of achieving low-load stable operation of an adjusting peak set, and operation efficiency and safety of the set are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auxiliary device of boiler of power plant, specifically refer to a kind of boiler low load combustion device of boiler flue heat recycling.
Background technology
Coal fired power plant to operate in China comparatively general, and comparatively ripe technology is arranged.But the combustion-supporting cost of the oil of the throwing during the unit underload is still and affects a great problem that productivity effect improves in electricity power enterprise.Boiler is thrown oil and mostly occurred in following operating mode: 1. the peak regulation performing low-load running of machine set is near 50% load and when following, and because concentration of pulverized coal is low, fire box temperature is low, and the primary and secondary air proportioning is unreasonable, causes combustion instability.2. during the coal variation, wind powder proportioning is adjusted difficulty, for smooth combustion in stove, throws sometimes the steady combustion of oil.3. in boiler cold and hot state start-up course, oil system generally all will put into operation.4. in normal furnace shutting down process, after boiler load drops to a certain degree, prevent fire extinguishing and deflagration accident having suddenly in order to keep flameholding, should drop into torch oil gun combustion-supporting.
With the pyrolysis coal gas combustion-supporting that pyrolysis of coal produces, replacing part to throw oil is effective method, if but additionally install new coal gas in existing power station additional and produce system, expense is high, invests relatively largely, and economic benefit is not high.For overcoming the above problems, consider with regard to a kind of economy of power station equipment transformation high, practical coal gas generation system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of boiler low load combustion device of boiler flue heat recycling, this burner structure is simple, can realize the underload stable operation of peak regulation unit, improves unit operation economy and security.
above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical solution: a kind of boiler low load combustion device of boiler flue heat recycling, comprise the front end wind powder pipe road of connecting successively from top to bottom, pyrolysis of coal chamber and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle, front end wind powder pipe road and all vertically settings of pyrolysis of coal chamber, front end wind powder pipe road stretches in the main burner of boiler, and be connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber, be used for that the primary wind and powder mixture of main burner is introduced pyrolysis of coal indoor, described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle horizontally set, be connected with the back-end ductwork of bending between the port of export of pyrolysis of coal chamber and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle, it is characterized in that: described low load combustion device also comprises and draws smoke pipeline, de Laval noz(zle) and air supply duct, wherein, the front end of air supply duct is connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber, and be shape in parallel with described wind powder pipe road, intersect at the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber, the rear end of air supply duct is connected with the front end of de Laval noz(zle), the rear end of de Laval noz(zle) is used for connecting pressure fan, described de Laval noz(zle) horizontally set, the described smoke pipeline that draws is the vertical bend pipe that arranges, the upper end of drawing smoke pipeline is used for being connected with the horizontal flue of boiler, the lower end is connected with the throat of de Laval noz(zle), draw smoke pipeline with the introducing pyrolysis of coal of the high-temperature flue gas in boiler horizontal gas pass chamber, for pulverized coal pyrolysis provides thermal source.
Low load combustion device of the present invention mainly draws the cigarette system by coal-burning boiler and the pyrolysis system two large divisions forms.Coal-burning boiler draws the cigarette system and is connected wherein by air inducing pipeline with pyrolysis system.The Main Function that draws the cigarette system is to utilize de Laval noz(zle) and entrainments principle, utilizing pressure reduction to draw from boiler horizontal gas pass to get high-temperature flue gas provides thermal source for pyrolysis, thereby reduce in a large number optional equipment and operating cost, improve efficiency of plant, and to draw the exhaust gas volumn of getting less due to needs, can obviously not affect the temperature levels of horizontal flue flue gas.Pressure fan is as the major impetus original paper of this subsystem, simultaneously also carry a large amount of hot-airs of 300 ℃ in system, the hot-air that obtains by pressure fan with enter the pyrolysis of coal chamber from the hot smoke gas flow of horizontal flue acquisition by entrainmenting to act on after de Laval noz(zle) and air supply duct mix.
In the present invention, the described smoke pipeline that draws is connected the place near the furnace arch, furnace nose of boiler with the horizontal flue of boiler, draw the flow velocity direction of flue gas in smoke pipeline and the angle α that horizontal flue is 40 °, is the angle β of 50 ° with the flow velocity direction of hot-air in de Laval noz(zle).
In the present invention, described de Laval noz(zle) is the thick middle thin waist-drum-shaped gradient tubes in two ends.
. in the present invention, the middle part in described front end wind powder pipe road is provided with flow control baffle plate and current equalizer, and wherein, the flow control baffle plate is positioned at the top of current equalizer, and the flow control baffle plate is the circular slab of middle perforate, and current equalizer is up-small and down-big Rotary-table.
in the present invention, described back-end ductwork is by integrated VERTICAL TUBE, bridge piece and anyhow pipe form, wherein, VERTICAL TUBE is connected with the port of export of described pyrolysis of coal chamber, anyhow pipe is connected with described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle, also be horizontally arranged with dividing plate in described pipe anyhow, whole pipe anyhow laterally is separated into upper tube half and lower tube half from the centre, described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle is comprised of gas-jet and coal dust shower nozzle, gas-jet is positioned at the top of coal dust shower nozzle, gas-jet is connected with the upper tube half of pipe anyhow, the coal dust shower nozzle is connected with the lower tube half of pipe anyhow, described gas-jet and coal dust shower nozzle are used for spraying coal gas and coal dust to the burner hearth of boiler.
In the present invention, described gas-jet and coal dust shower nozzle are separate, and the shower nozzle direction can adjust up and down, and the maximum angle λ between two shower nozzles is 24 °.
The pyrolysis of coal chamber of pyrolysis system of the present invention is the main space that pyrolysis occurs, follow-up afterbody pipeline takes full advantage of deep or light separation principle, rich gas stream and depleted gas stream are suitably distinguished, and keep the differentiation state with dividing plate, until mixture is by two the independently different directions ejections of shower nozzle in the burner hearth, play differentiation deep or light, fully ignite, stablize the effect of stove internal combustion operating mode.
Compared with prior art, low load combustion device of the present invention installs pyrolysis system additional on original power station boiler burner basis, be made of pyrolysis, separation, burning operation.Wind carries a certain amount of coal dust and enters the pyrolysis of coal chamber, and adopt and to entrainment principle and draw from horizontal flue and get high-temperature flue gas and make pulverized coal pyrolysis, use the cycling hot flue gas to provide pulverized coal pyrolysis required heat, take pulverized coal pyrolysis gas as combustion-supporting fuel, coal dust after pyrolysis enters the nozzle of burner after the back-end ductwork place realizes deep or light separation by turn-around design, can be with two the different directions ejections up and down respectively of deep or light air-flow.When performing low-load running of machine set during near 50% load and following or the startup of boiler cold and hot state, replace the part of unit to throw oil with the pyrolysis and combustion device, burning when having stablized underload in stove, improve unit operation economy and security, burning adjustment when realizing peak-load regulation unit underload, the steady combustion of burner is effective.The present invention does not need extra for pyrolysis system provides extra thermal source, and equipment is simple.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 is low load combustion device of the present invention draws cigarette from boiler principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of low load combustion device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1---main burner 2---front end wind powder pipe road
3---flow control baffle plate 4---current equalizer
5---pyrolysis of coal chamber 6---de Laval noz(zle)
7---pressure fan 8---air supply duct
9---back-end ductwork 10---coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle
11---the wind powder replenishes pipeline 12---dividing plate
13---gas-jet 14---coal dust shower nozzle
15---drawing smoke pipeline 16---horizontal flue
17---air-vent 18---burner hearth
19---vertical flue
The specific embodiment
as Fig. 1, the boiler low load combustion device of a kind of boiler flue heat recycling shown in Figure 2, the front end wind powder pipe road 2 that comprises from top to bottom series connection successively, pyrolysis of coal chamber 5 and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle 10, front end wind powder pipe road 2 and pyrolysis of coal chamber 5 all vertically settings, front end wind powder pipe road 2 stretches in the main burner 1 of boiler, and be connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, be used for the primary wind and powder mixture of main burner 1 is introduced in pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle 10 horizontally sets, be connected with the back-end ductwork 9 of bending between the port of export of pyrolysis of coal chamber 5 and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle 10, this low load combustion device also comprises and draws smoke pipeline 15, de Laval noz(zle) 6 and air supply duct 8, wherein, the front end of air supply duct 8 is connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, and be shape in parallel with wind powder pipe road 2, intersect at the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, the rear end of air supply duct 8 is connected with the front end of de Laval noz(zle) 6, the rear end of de Laval noz(zle) 6 is used for connecting pressure fan 7, de Laval noz(zle) 6 is the thick middle thin waist-drum-shaped gradient tubes in two ends, de Laval noz(zle) 6 horizontally sets, draw smoke pipeline 15 and be the vertical bend pipe that arranges, the upper end of drawing smoke pipeline 15 is used for being connected with the air-vent 17 of the horizontal flue 16 of boiler, the lower end is connected with the throat of de Laval noz(zle) 6, wherein, draw smoke pipeline 15 and be connected the place with the horizontal flue of boiler near the furnace arch, furnace nose of boiler, draw the flow velocity direction of flue gas in smoke pipeline 15 and the angle α that horizontal flue is 40 °, be the angle β of 50 ° with the flow velocity direction of hot-air in de Laval noz(zle) 6, draw smoke pipeline 15 high-temperature flue gas in boiler horizontal gas pass is introduced pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, for pulverized coal pyrolysis provides thermal source.
In the present invention, the middle part in front end wind powder pipe road 2 is provided with flow control baffle plate 3 and current equalizer 4, and wherein, flow control baffle plate 3 is positioned at the top of current equalizer 4, and flow control baffle plate 3 is the circular slab of middle perforate, and current equalizer 4 is up-small and down-big Rotary-table.
in the present invention, back-end ductwork 9 is by integrated VERTICAL TUBE, bridge piece and anyhow pipe form, wherein, VERTICAL TUBE is connected with the port of export of pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, anyhow pipe is connected with coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle 10, anyhow also be horizontally arranged with dividing plate 12 in pipe, whole pipe anyhow laterally is separated into upper tube half and lower tube half from the centre, coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle 10 is comprised of gas-jet 13 and coal dust shower nozzle 14, gas-jet 13 is positioned at the top of coal dust shower nozzle 14, gas-jet 13 is connected with the upper tube half of pipe anyhow, coal dust shower nozzle 14 is connected with the lower tube half of pipe anyhow, gas-jet 13 and coal dust shower nozzle 14 are separate, and the shower nozzle direction can be adjusted up and down, maximum angle λ between two shower nozzles is 24 °, this gas-jet 13 and coal dust shower nozzle 14 are used for spraying coal gas and coal dust to the burner hearth 18 of boiler.
In the present invention, main burner 1 also is fitted with the wind powder and replenishes pipeline 11, and it is bend pipe that the wind powder replenishes pipeline 11 ends, and outlet is placed in the middle part of 1 airducts of main burner, is used for replenishing wind and coal dust to main burner 1.
The diameter in front end wind powder pipe road 2 should not surpass the radius of 1 wind pipelines of main burner, and it is from the outer side-draw wind powder mixture of a wind pipeline bend pipe of main burner.Flow control baffle plate 3 is circular.Current equalizer Shang Xia 4 section be the up-small and down-big circle that does not wait of diameter.Pyrolysis chamber 5 is the ellipsoid shape, and in order to make the abundant pyrolysis of coal and to consider the factor of gas expansion, its width is greater than the radius in front end wind powder pipe road.Gas-jet 13 and coal dust shower nozzle 14 can swing up and down.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows: as shown in Figure 1, an air-vent 17 is opened at middle part at the horizontal flue 16 of boiler, and make it and draw smoke pipeline 15 and be connected, draw smoke pipeline 15 other ends and be connected with the throat of de Laval noz(zle) 6, in order to carry the high-temperature flue gas of drawing from burner hearth horizontal flue 16.Pressure fan 7 is connecting the entrance of de Laval noz(zle) 6, and 300 ℃ of hot-airs are sent in de Laval noz(zle) 6, hot-air is pressure decreased in de Laval noz(zle) 6 flow process, speed raises, thereby cause the throat pressure of de Laval noz(zle) 6 lower, draw smoke pipeline 15 effect of entrainmenting of the hot flue gas utilization in boiler horizontal gas pass is extracted and sends in de Laval noz(zle) 6, air supply duct 8 will enter the hot flue gas of de Laval noz(zle) 6 and hot-air and send in pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, for pulverized coal pyrolysis provides thermal source.
As shown in Figure 2, wind carries coal dust and enters front end wind powder pipe road 2, then enter pyrolysis of coal chamber 5 after the flow control of flowing through baffle plate 3 and current equalizer 4, be used to the heat that the hot flue gas from boiler horizontal gas pass provides, coal dust pyrolysis in pyrolysis of coal chamber 5, coal gas deep or light separation in afterbody pipeline 9 that pyrolysis produces, the bend pipe inboard is take coal gas as main, the solid particle after remaining coal dust and the pyrolysis is as main for the bend pipe outside, and the dividing plate 12 of bend pipe afterbody has kept this deep or light separating effect.The pyrolysis gas that flows through back-end ductwork 9 is divided into two strands of air-flows, that is: rich gas stream and depleted gas stream by dividing plate 12.Rich gas stream enters gas-jet 13, and depleted gas stream enters 14, two separate adjustable directions of coal dust shower nozzle.Adjust gas-jet 13 upwards, when coal dust shower nozzle 14 was downward, rich gas stream can hold up the coal dust of main burner ejection, for coal powder ignition provides effective thermal source, made bias combustion due effect occur.
For different operating modes, need to adjust the generation of pyrolysis coal gas.Can effectively control by the aperture of adjusting flow control baffle plate 3 mixture flow rate that enters the pyrolysis chamber.By adjusting the power of pressure fan 7, can change the flow that enters de Laval noz(zle) 6 and pyrolysis of coal chamber 5 hot flue gases and hot-air, thereby control the degree of pyrolysis of coal, satisfy thus the requirement of thermal power plant's different load.
Boiler has a baffle plate in the porch of drawing smoke pipeline 15 when normal operation, pressure fan 7 is not worked simultaneously, and this moment, the hot flue gas of horizontal flue can not flow in de Laval noz(zle) 6 through drawing smoke pipeline 15, and the pyrolysis and combustion device is not worked; During in underrun, open baffle plate when unit, pressure fan 7 is sent into the hot-air of 300 ℃ simultaneously, and the thermal plume of horizontal flue flows in de Laval noz(zle)s 6 through drawing smoke pipeline 15, for the pyrolysis of coal dust provides heat, the normal operation of pyrolysis and combustion device.Before de Laval noz(zle) 6 throats, the interior gas temperature of pipe is about 300 ℃, and after throat, the interior mixture temperature of pipe is between 800-900 ℃.
When performing low-load running of machine set or the startup of boiler cold and hot state, replace the part of unit to throw oil with the pyrolysis and combustion device, the burning when having stablized underload in stove improves unit operation economy and security.
The above embodiment of the present invention is not the restriction to protection domain of the present invention; embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this; according to foregoing of the present invention; ordinary skill knowledge and customary means according to this area; do not breaking away under the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention prerequisite; modification, replacement or the change of other various ways that said structure of the present invention is made are within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the boiler low load combustion device of boiler flue heat recycling, comprise the front end wind powder pipe road (2) of connecting successively from top to bottom, pyrolysis of coal chamber (5) and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle (10), front end wind powder pipe road (2) all vertically arranges with pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), front end wind powder pipe road (2) stretches in the main burner (1) of boiler, and be connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), be used for the primary wind and powder mixture of main burner (1) is introduced in pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle (10) horizontally set, be connected with the back-end ductwork (9) of bending between the port of export of pyrolysis of coal chamber (5) and coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle (10), it is characterized in that: described low load combustion device also comprises and draws smoke pipeline (15), de Laval noz(zle) (6) and air supply duct (8), wherein, the front end of air supply duct (8) is connected with the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), and be shape in parallel with described wind powder pipe road (2), intersect at the entrance point of pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), the rear end of air supply duct (8) is connected with the front end of de Laval noz(zle) (6), the rear end of de Laval noz(zle) (6) is used for connecting pressure fan (7), described de Laval noz(zle) (6) horizontally set, the described smoke pipeline (15) that draws is the vertical bend pipe that arranges, the upper end of drawing smoke pipeline (15) is used for being connected with the horizontal flue of boiler, the lower end is connected with the throat of de Laval noz(zle) (6), draw smoke pipeline (15) high-temperature flue gas in boiler horizontal gas pass is introduced pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), for pulverized coal pyrolysis provides thermal source.
2. the boiler low load combustion device of boiler flue heat according to claim 1 recycling, it is characterized in that: the described smoke pipeline (15) that draws is connected the place near the furnace arch, furnace nose of boiler with the horizontal flue of boiler, the flow velocity direction and the angle α that horizontal flue is 40 ° of drawing flue gas in smoke pipeline (15) are the angle β of 50 ° with the flow velocity direction of the middle hot-air of de Laval noz(zle) (6).
3. the boiler low load combustion device of a kind of boiler flue heat recycling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described de Laval noz(zle) (6) is the thin waist-drum-shaped gradient tubes in thick centre, two ends.
4. the boiler low load combustion device of a kind of boiler flue heat recycling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the middle part in described front end wind powder pipe road (2) is provided with flow control baffle plate (3) and current equalizer (4), wherein, flow control baffle plate (3) is positioned at the top of current equalizer (4), flow control baffle plate (3) is the circular slab of middle perforate, and current equalizer (4) is up-small and down-big Rotary-table.
5. the boiler low load combustion device of a kind of boiler flue heat recycling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described back-end ductwork (9) is by integrated VERTICAL TUBE, bridge piece and anyhow pipe form, wherein, VERTICAL TUBE is connected with the port of export of described pyrolysis of coal chamber (5), anyhow pipe is connected with described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle (10), also be horizontally arranged with dividing plate (12) in described pipe anyhow, whole pipe anyhow laterally is separated into upper tube half and lower tube half from the centre, described coal pyrolysis gas shower nozzle (10) is comprised of gas-jet (13) and coal dust shower nozzle (14), gas-jet (13) is positioned at the top of coal dust shower nozzle (14), gas-jet (13) is connected with the upper tube half of pipe anyhow, coal dust shower nozzle (14) is connected with the lower tube half of pipe anyhow, described gas-jet (13) and coal dust shower nozzle (14) are used for spraying coal gas and coal dust to the burner hearth of boiler.
6. the boiler low load combustion device of a kind of boiler flue heat recycling according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described gas-jet (13) and coal dust shower nozzle (14) are separate, and the shower nozzle direction can be adjusted up and down, and the maximum angle λ between two shower nozzles is 24 °.
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| CN105972588A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | High temperature flue gas extracting pre-burning type low NOx burner |
| CN107781803A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 俞平 | A kind of coal gas peak load stations |
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| CN108413431A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-17 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Boiler oil pretreatment unit and boiler |
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| CN109969398A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-07-05 | 苏州极目机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of current equalizing method, current equalizer, sprinkling system and plant protection drone |
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| CN109595577A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-09 | 黄佩媛 | The environmentally friendly smoke exhaust barrel device of inner wall decontamination is used for waste gas residual heat heat cycles steam |
| CN109969398A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-07-05 | 苏州极目机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of current equalizing method, current equalizer, sprinkling system and plant protection drone |
| CN109969398B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-09-29 | 苏州极目机器人科技有限公司 | Flow equalizing method, flow equalizing device, spraying system and plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle |
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