Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provide that a kind of water requirement is less, workability better, shrink littlely, namely be difficult for causing mortar of the situation such as cracking hollowing and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts a kind of like this mortar: the component that comprises following weight percent, cement 8%-19.4%, natural sand 20%-25%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%-70%, ether of cellulose 0.03-0.05%, water reducer 0.04%-0.1%, auxiliary rheological agents 0.01%-0.05%, swelling agent 0.5%-1%.
As preferably, described cement is that strength grade is 42.5 cement, to guarantee the strength property of this premixing mortar.
As another preferred, described natural sand is fineness modulus 2.3-2.8, and apparent density is greater than 2500 kilograms every cubic metre, and silt content is less than 1.0% natural sand, thereby mortar is stirred, to guarantee the strength property of this premixing mortar.
As another preferred, described mine tailing and barren rock are fineness modulus 2.0-3.0, and particle below 0.15 millimeter reduces the required water-content of mortar less than 20% mine tailing and barren rock.
As another preferred, described Mierocrystalline cellulose is the Mierocrystalline cellulose of viscosity 60,000-100,000, and is nontoxic, has good water-retentivity.
As another preferred, described water reducer is the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer, and its water-reducing rate is 15%-20%, and cement particle is had very strong dissemination.
As another preferred, described auxiliary rheological agents is OC level auxiliary rheological agents, improves the rheological of mortar.
As another preferred, described swelling agent is the UEA swelling agent, reduces alkalescence, and the performance of optimization cement products improves weather resistance, makes to have more stable swelling property, and the aquation of compensation mortar is shunk, and the contraction of the pore after the mortar water evaporates.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the preparation method of a kind of like this mortar that the present invention adopts, it comprises the steps:
1), with after the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute;
2), be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1);
3), with after mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute;
4), be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3);
5), with ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute;
6), cement is sent into measuring chute;
7), in measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 8%-19.4%, natural sand 20%-25%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%-70%, admixture 0.5%-1.2% sends the component after weighing into agravic blender entirely;
8), send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing or in bulkly be transported to the user.
Preferred as above-mentioned preparation method, the drying in described step 1, step 2, step 3 and step 4 all refers to be dried to water ratio below 0.5%, reaches best water content, reaches the standard of producing dry-mixed mortar.
The present invention compares with mortar of the prior art, have the following advantages: the problem that can effectively solve existing mortar self dry shrinkage, the mortar water requirement reduces, improve workability, thereby the assurance mortar is connected with concrete member with body of wall and is connected, improve the mortar waterproof impervious characteristic, promote the weather resistance of premixing mortar, be difficult for causing the situations such as cracking hollowing; Above-mentioned additive is cheap, compares with the existing premixing mortar that adds latex powder, emulsion base polymer additive, and cost significantly reduces.
The present invention compares with method for preparing mortar of the prior art; have the following advantages: enterprise has solved the technical problem of utilizing mining wastes to make dry-mixed mortar for premixing mortar; reduce costs; for the mining wastes of chronic pollution environment has been opened up purposes; become useless in protecting; reduce the exploitation to natural sand, benefited again the resources and environment protection.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
A kind of mortar of the present invention, the component that comprises following weight percent, cement 8%-19.4%, natural sand 20%-25%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%-70%, ether of cellulose 0.03-0.05%, water reducer 0.04%-0.1%, auxiliary rheological agents 0.01%-0.05%, swelling agent 0.5%-1%, for each raw material, in detail, described cement is that strength grade is 42.5 cement.Described cement is silicate cement, ordinary Portland cement, Portland blastfurnaceslag cement, Portland fly ash cement or composite Portland cement, described natural sand is fineness modulus 2.3-2.8, apparent density is greater than 2500 kilograms every cubic metre, silt content is less than 1.0% natural sand, more particularly, described natural sand is medium sand, presses the different varieties volume in making dry-mixed mortar between 20~25%; Described mine tailing and barren rock are fineness modulus 2.0-3.0, and particle below 0.15 millimeter is less than 20% mine tailing and barren rock, in making dry-mixed mortar by different varieties, strength grade volume between 60~70%; Described Mierocrystalline cellulose is the Mierocrystalline cellulose of viscosity 60,000-100,000, is one or both in methyl cellulose ether and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.Described water reducer is the naphthalenesulfonate water reducer, and its water-reducing rate is 15%-20%.Described auxiliary rheological agents is OC level auxiliary rheological agents.Described swelling agent is the UEA swelling agent.the preparation method of a kind of mortar of the present invention, it comprises the steps: 1), with after the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute, 2), be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1), 3), with after mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute, 4), be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3), 5), with ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute, 6), cement is sent into measuring chute, 7), in measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 8%-19.4%, natural sand 20%-25%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%-70%, admixture 0.5%-1.2%, in detail, when in mortar, the admixture consumption is 0.5%, such as 1000 kilograms of mortars, wherein the admixture consumption is 5 kilograms, method by step 5 is well-behaved in various material proportions in admixture: 0.21 kilogram of ether of cellulose, 0.42 kilogram of water reducer, 0.21 kilogram of auxiliary rheological agents, 4.16 kilograms of swelling agents, by that analogy, admixture is pre-blended into total admixture consumption by step 5, be 0.5%-1.2% by the total admixture per-cent of different varieties mortar, component after weighing is sent into agravic blender entirely, 8), send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing.Wherein, the drying in described step 1, step 2, step 3 and step 4 all refers to be dried to water ratio below 0.5%.
Embodiment one
After the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute; Be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1); After mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute; Be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3); With ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute; Cement is sent into measuring chute; In measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 18%, natural sand 21%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%, the wherein mine tailing of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters and barren rock 10%, the mine tailing of 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and barren rock 40%, mine tailing and the barren rock 10% of 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, admixture 1%, that is, the component after weighing is sent into agravic blender entirely; Send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing, this product is dry-mixed plastering mortar, and denseness is 90-100, and amount of water is 17%-19%, and shrinking percentage is 0.12%, cohesive strength 0.38 MPa, and 28 days ultimate compression strength is 22.5 MPas.
Embodiment two
After the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute; Be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1); After mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute; Be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3); With ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute; Cement is sent into measuring chute; In measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 10%, natural sand 20%, mine tailing and barren rock 68.8%, the wherein mine tailing of 1.2 millimeters to 4.5 millimeters and barren rock 8.8%, the mine tailing of 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and barren rock 45%, mine tailing and the barren rock 15% of 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, admixture 1.2% is sent the component after weighing into agravic blender entirely; Send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing.This product is dry-mixed masonry mortar, and denseness is 70-80, and amount of water is 14%-16%, and shrinking percentage is that 0.15%, 28 day ultimate compression strength is 7.9 MPas.
Embodiment three
After the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute; Be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1); After mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute; Be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3); With ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute; Cement is sent into measuring chute; In measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 13%, natural sand 25%, mine tailing and barren rock 61%, the wherein mine tailing of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters and barren rock 10%, the mine tailing of 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and barren rock 40%, mine tailing and the barren rock 11% of 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, admixture 1.0% is sent the component after weighing into agravic blender entirely; Send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing.This product is dry-mixed masonry mortar, and denseness is 70-80, and amount of water is 14%-16%, and shrinking percentage is that 0.12%, 28 day ultimate compression strength is 12.9 MPas.
Embodiment four
After the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute; Be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1); After mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute; Be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3); With ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute; Cement is sent into measuring chute; In measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 15%, natural sand 24%, mine tailing and barren rock 60%, the wherein mine tailing of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters and barren rock 10%, the mine tailing of 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and barren rock 40%, mine tailing and the barren rock 10% of 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, admixture 1.0% is sent the component after weighing into agravic blender entirely; Send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing.This product is dry-mixed masonry mortar, and denseness is 70-80, and amount of water is 14%-16%, and shrinking percentage is that 0.13%, 28 day ultimate compression strength is 17.1 MPas.
Embodiment five
After the natural sand drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the natural sand particle diameter more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into crusher, if the natural sand particle diameter less than the particle of 4.5mm, is sent into measuring chute; Be admitted to after the natural sand fragmentation of crusher after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 1); After mine tailing and barren rock drying, through vibratory screening apparatus, if the particle diameter of mine tailing and barren rock is more than or equal to the particle of 4.5mm, send into crusher, if mine tailing and barren rock particle diameter are sent into sieve apparatus less than the particle of 4.5mm, be Three Estate according to the different screenings of particle diameter, be respectively that particle diameter is mine tailing and the barren rock of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters, 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, send into respectively measuring chute; Be admitted to after the mine tailing of crusher and barren rock fragmentation after drying to vibratory screening apparatus repeating step 3); With ether of cellulose, water reducer, auxiliary rheological agents, swelling agent in mass ratio the 0.05:0.1:0.05:1 pre-mixing form admixture, send into measuring chute; Cement is sent into measuring chute; In measuring chute, according to following each component of weight percent weighing, cement 14%, natural sand 23%, mine tailing and barren rock 62%, the wherein mine tailing of 1.2 millimeters-4.5 millimeters and barren rock 12%, the mine tailing of 0.3 millimeter-1.2 millimeters and barren rock 40%, mine tailing and the barren rock 10% of 0 millimeter-0.3 millimeter, admixture 1% is sent the component after weighing into agravic blender entirely; Send into bin after stirring, then carry out next step packing.This product is dry-mixed plastering mortar, and denseness is 90-100, and amount of water is 17%-19%, and shrinking percentage is 0.1%, cohesive strength 0.25 MPa, and 28 days ultimate compression strength is 12.3 MPas.