CN103062311A - Eddy current damping vibration isolator of double-layer air-flotation orthogonal decoupling and air-flotation ball bearing angle decoupling - Google Patents
Eddy current damping vibration isolator of double-layer air-flotation orthogonal decoupling and air-flotation ball bearing angle decoupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103062311A CN103062311A CN2012105753501A CN201210575350A CN103062311A CN 103062311 A CN103062311 A CN 103062311A CN 2012105753501 A CN2012105753501 A CN 2012105753501A CN 201210575350 A CN201210575350 A CN 201210575350A CN 103062311 A CN103062311 A CN 103062311A
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Abstract
An eddy current damping vibration isolator of double-layer air-flotation orthogonal decoupling and air-flotation ball bearing angle decoupling belongs to the technical field of precise vibration isolation. An air-flotation face is used for lubricating and supporting between a sleeve of a vibration isolator main body and an air-flotation plate. An eddy current damper is used for attenuating vibration energy and improving stability. An air-flotation face is respectively used for lubricating and supporting between the air-flotation plate and a lower installing plate, between the air-flotation plate and a piston cylinder and between the air-flotation plate and the sleeve. A horizontal linear motion freedom degree between an upper installing plate and the lower installing plate is decoupled through a double-layer orthogonal air-flotation guide track, and an angle motion freedom degree is decoupled through an air-flotation ball bearing. A voice coil motor, a displacement sensor, a limit switch, a controller and a driver form a position closed loop feedback control system so as to conduct precise control for relative positions of the upper installing plate and the lower installing plate. The eddy current damping vibration isolator has the advantage of being free of rigidity in three dimensions, high in location precision and capable of fully decoupling the linear motion freedom degree and the angle motion freedom degree and can effectively achieve high-performance vibration isolation in ultra precise measurement instruments and machining devices, especially stepping scanning photoetching machines.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the accurate vibration isolation technical field, relate generally to the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of a kind of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle.
Background technique
Along with improving constantly of ultraprecise processing and measuring accuracy, ambient vibration becomes the key factor that restriction ultraprecise process unit and surveying instrument precision and performance improve.Especially step-by-step scanning photo-etching device is the vlsi circuit process unit of representative, technology-intensive degree and complexity are high, key technical index has all reached the limit of prior art, represented the highest level of ultraprecise process unit, the ultraprecise vibration isolation becomes the core key technology in this type of equipment; The live width of step-by-step scanning photo-etching device has reached 22nm and following, silicon chip Location accuracy and alignment precision all reach several nanometers, and the work stage movement velocity reaches more than the 1m/s, and the work stage acceleration reaches tens times of gravity accleration, and this has proposed new challenge to existing vibration isolation technique.At first, lithography machine need to provide for metering system and photoetched object lens the working environment of " super quiet ", simultaneously again the demand motive work stage at full speed with High acceleration motion, this anti-vibration performance to vibrating isolation system has proposed extremely harsh requirement, and the natural frequency of its three directions all needs to reach below the 1Hz; Secondly, relative position between each parts of lithography machine, the distance of photoetched object lens and silicon chip surface for example, all has very strict requirement, and be under the control of position closed loop feedback control system, require the relative positional accuracy between the upper and lower mounting plate of vibration isolator to reach 10 μ m magnitudes, the Location accuracy of traditional vibration isolator can not meet the demands far away.
According to theory of vibration isolation, the natural frequency of passive type vibration isolator is directly proportional with rigidity, is inversely proportional to load quality, therefore under the certain prerequisite of load quality, the rigidity that reduces vibration isolator is the effective way that reduces natural frequency, improves low frequency and superlow frequency vibration isolating performance.There are the intrinsic contradictions of static bearing capacity and rigidity in the vibration isolator of the forms such as conventional air spring, restricted by the factors such as material behavior, structural rigidity, further reduce its rigidity, especially level very difficult to rigidity.For this problem, the researcher is incorporated into " pendulum " formula structure in the air cushion shock absorber, reaches purpose (the 1.Nikon Corporation.Vibration Isolator With Low Lateral Stiffness. U.S. Patent Publication No.: US20040065517A1 that reduces the vibration isolator horizontal rigidity; 2.U.S.Philips Corporation.Positioning Device with a Force Actuator Systemfor Compensating Center-of-gravity Displacements, and Lithographic Device Provided with Such APositioning Device. U.S. Patent number: US005844664A).The method can reduce the horizontal rigidity of air cushion shock absorber to a certain extent, promotes its low frequency vibration isolation performance.The problem that the method exists is: restricted by material behavior and structural rigidity, vibration isolator is vertical limited to the amplitude of stiffness degradation with level; 2) the vertical and level of air cushion shock absorber is all very poor to Location accuracy, can't satisfy the requirement of photoetching process; 3) will reach lower horizontal rigidity needs larger pendulum length, causes the vibration isolator height excessive, the string membrane resonance easily occurs, poor stability.
By to the analysis of existing air cushion shock absorber technological scheme as seen, existing air cushion shock absorber is difficult to satisfy lithography machine to the requirement of ultralow rigidity and high position precision.Germany IDE company has proposed a kind of vibration isolator technological scheme (1.Integrated Dynamics Engineering GmbH.Isolatorgeometrie EinesSchwingungsisolationssystem. european patent number: EP1803965A2 of abandoning tradition rubber air spring; 2.Integrated Dynamics EngineeringGmbH.Schwingungsisolationssystem Mit Pneumatischem Tiefpassfilter. european patent number: EP 1803970A2; 3.Integrated Dynamics Engineering GmbH.Air Bearing with Consideration ofHigh-Frequency Resonances. U.S. Patent Publication No.: US20080193061A1).This scheme adopts vertical and level is carried out decoupling zero and vibration isolation to air bearing surface to the vibration of all directions, can reach extremely low rigidity and natural frequency.The problem that this scheme exists is: 1) in the public technology scheme, vibration isolator can't be realized accurate location; 2) among the patent EP1803965A2, do not have the angular motion degrees of freedom around horizontal rotational shaft between the upper and lower mounting plate, the angular rigidity of this direction and natural frequency are all very high; Patent EP1803970A2 and US20080193061A1 adopt block rubber to provide angular motion degrees of freedom around horizontal rotational shaft for upper and lower mounting plate, but because the block rubber angular rigidity is very large, can't effectively carry out the angular motion freedom decoupling, there is frictional force between the angular motion freedom decoupling mechanism components and introduces additional stiffness, restriction anti-vibration performance.
Holland ASML company has also proposed similar vibration isolator technological scheme (1.U.S.Philips Corp, ASM LithographyB.V.Pneumatic Support Device with A Controlled Gas Supply, and Lithographic Device Providedwith Such A Support Device. U.S. Patent number: US006144442A; 2.Koninklijke Philips ElectronicsN.V., ASM Lithography B.V.Lithographic Pneumatic Support Device with Controlled Gas Supply. International Patent Publication No.: WO99/22272; 3.ASML Netherlands B.V.Support Device, LithographicApparatus, and Device Manufacturing Method Employing A Supporting Device, and A PositionControl System Arranged for Use in A Supporting Device. U.S. Patent number: US007084956B2; 4.ASML Netherlands B.V.Support Device, Lithographic Apparatus, and Device ManufacturingMethod Employing A Supporting Device and A Position Control System Arranged for Use in ASupporting Device. european patent number: EP1486825A1).Among patent US006144442A and the WO99/22272 bleed pressure is carried out closed-loop feedback control, reach the stability of raising vibration isolator and the purpose of performance; Be provided with vibration transducer at upper mounting plate among patent US007084956B2 and the EP1486825A1, introduce simultaneously with reference to vibration system, promote the anti-vibration performance of vibration isolator by control algorithm.But the technological scheme that proposes still do not solve the accurate location of vibration isolator and the angular motion freedom decoupling problem of upper and lower mounting plate.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for ultra precise measurement instrument and process unit, especially the vlsi circuit process unit such as step-by-step scanning photo-etching device is to the low natural frequency of vibration isolator, the an urgent demand of high position precision, the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of a kind of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle is provided, vibration isolator all has approximate zero rigidity and extremely low natural frequency in three-dimensional, on, can accurately locate and the 3 d-line freedom of movement between the lower installation board, the angular motion freedom decoupling, thus ultra precise measurement instrument and process unit effectively solved, especially the accurate vibration isolation problem in the step-by-step scanning photo-etching device.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The eddy-current damping vibration isolator of a kind of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, by upper mounting plate, lower installation board, clean compressed gas source, tracheae and vibration isolator main body form, the vibration isolator main body is installed between upper mounting plate and the lower installation board, clean compressed gas source is communicated with the vibration isolator main body by tracheae, in the structure of described vibration isolator main body, the lower surface of sleeve and air supporting plate be lubricated and support by axial carrying plane air bearing surface, the piston cylinder back-off is installed in the sleeve, and with sleeve by radially carry the cylinder air bearing surface lubricated with support, air-floating ball bearing is installed between piston cylinder and the upper mounting plate, the lower surface of X-direction air-float guide rail and air supporting plate are rigidly connected, sleeve and X-direction air-float guide rail be lubricated and guiding by X-direction guide rail air bearing surface, lower surface and the lower installation board of Y-direction air-float guide rail are rigidly connected, air supporting plate and lower installation board lubricate by Z-direction bearing air-float face and support, and air supporting plate and Y-direction air-float guide rail be lubricated and guiding by Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface; Z-direction voice coil motor, Z-direction displacement transducer, Z-direction limit switch, Z-direction eddy current damper are installed between piston cylinder and the sleeve, X-direction voice coil motor, X-direction displacement transducer, X-direction limit switch, X-direction eddy current damper, Y-direction eddy current damper are installed between sleeve and the air supporting plate, and Y-direction voice coil motor, Y-direction displacement transducer, Y-direction limit switch are installed between air supporting plate and the lower installation board; The driving force direction of Z-direction voice coil motor is vertical direction, the driving force direction of X-direction voice coil motor and Y-direction voice coil motor is in horizontal plane and mutually vertical, the line of action direction of X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer and X, Y, Z-direction limit switch is consistent with the driving force direction of X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor, and the damping force direction of X, Y, the Z-direction eddy current damper respectively driving force direction with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor is consistent; X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer are connected Y, Z-direction limit switch and are connected with the signal input part of controller respectively with X, the signal output part of controller is connected with the signal input part of driver, and the signal output part of driver is connected with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor respectively.
The X-direction permanent magnet that described X-direction eddy current damper is installed along X-direction voice coil motor driving force direction by sleeve lower surface sidewall consists of, the Y-direction permanent magnet that the Y-direction eddy current damper is installed along Y-direction voice coil motor driving force direction by sleeve lower surface sidewall consists of, the Z-direction permanent magnet that the Z-direction eddy current damper is installed along Z-direction voice coil motor driving force direction by sleeve inner cylindrical surface sidewall consists of, the pole orientation of X, Y, Z-direction permanent magnet is perpendicular to the surface of sleeve, and N, the S utmost point are alternately arranged, sleeve adopts ferromagnetic material, and piston cylinder and air supporting plate adopt non-magnetic good conductor material.
Be provided with gas pressure sensor in the described piston cylinder, piston cylinder is provided with suction port and solenoid valve, gas pressure sensor is connected with the signal input part of controller, and the signal output part of controller is connected with the signal input part of driver, and the signal output part of driver is connected with solenoid valve.
Described X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor are cylinder type voice coil motor or plate voice coil motor.
Described X-direction air-float guide rail and Y-direction air-float guide rail are single rail structure or two guide rail structure.
Described X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer are grating scale, magnetic railings ruler, appearance grid chi or linear potentiometer.
Described X, Y, Z-direction limit switch are mechanical type limit switch, Hall-type limit switch or photoelectric limit switch.
Gas pressure is 0.1MPa～0.8MPa in the described piston cylinder.
Described axial carrying plane air bearing surface, the air-film thickness that radially carries cylinder air bearing surface, X-direction guide rail air bearing surface, Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface and Z-direction bearing air-float face are 10 μ m～20 μ m.
The diameter of the cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice on the described piston cylinder and the plane air bearing surface throttle orifice on the sleeve is φ 0.1mm～φ 1mm.
The good result of technological innovation of the present invention and generation is:
(1) the present invention has abandoned the vibration isolator technological scheme of tradition based on elastic element/mechanism, adopt axial carrying plane air bearing surface, radially carry the cylinder air bearing surface respectively to level to carrying out decoupling zero and vibration isolation with vertical vibration, air bearing surface is without friction, rigidity is approximately zero, can make vibration isolator obtain approximate zero stiffness characteristic and outstanding superlow frequency vibration isolating performance, having solved prior art limited by structural rigidity, material behavior, rigidity is difficult to further reduction, rigidity and the stable problem that can not take into account.This is that the present invention is different from one of innovative point of prior art.
(2) the present invention adopts displacement transducer, limit switch, controller, driver and voice coil motor etc. to consist of the position closed loop feedback control system of vertical direction and substantially horizontal, relative position between the upper and lower mounting plate is accurately controlled, Location accuracy can reach 10 μ m levels and more than, the problem that can solve effectively that prior art scheme Location accuracy is low, Location accuracy and rigidity, anti-vibration performance can not be taken into account.This is two of the present invention's innovative point of being different from prior art.
(3) the present invention adopts the Orthogonal Double-layer air-float guide rail that the horizontal rectilinear motion degrees of freedom between the upper and lower mounting plate of vibration isolator is carried out decoupling zero, air-float guide rail is without friction and wear, do not introduce additional stiffness, decoupling zero is effective, can make vibration isolator reach high position precision and anti-vibration performance; Adopt air-floating ball bearing diagonal motion degrees of freedom to carry out decoupling zero, air-floating ball bearing is without friction and wear, do not introduce additional angular rigidity, can effectively solve the existing technological scheme of elastomer decoupling zero that adopts and introduce larger additional stiffness, the problems such as restriction natural frequency and low frequency vibration isolation performance.This is three of the present invention's innovative point of being different from prior art.
(4) the present invention adopts gas pressure sensor, solenoid valve and controller, driver etc. to consist of the pressure closed loop feedback control system, accurately the gas pressure in the control sleeve makes it to keep constant, thrust load to vibration isolator is carried out gravitational equilibrium and compensation, under the effect of radially carrying the cylinder air bearing surface, the piston cylinder of carry load gravity can freely slide up and down with zero stiffness along sleeve, thus the gravitational equilibrium of realizing ideal and zero stiffness vibration isolating effect.This is four of the present invention's innovative point of being different from prior art.
(5) the present invention adopts active actuators that the relative position between the upper and lower mounting plate is carried out ACTIVE CONTROL, the vibration isolator parameter can be according to being changed in real time adjusting by vibration isolation features of the object and working environment, thereby adapt to different operating modes, have preferably flexibility, adaptability and stability.This is five of the present invention's innovative point of being different from prior art.
(6) the present invention adopts the eddy current damper that replaces permanent magnet array based on magnetic pole, can be integrated in one with vibration isolator well, eddy current damper has comparatively ideal linear damping characteristic, but the effective attenuation vibrational energy, reduce the overshoot of motor driving location, the stability of vibration isolator is provided.This is six of the present invention's innovative point of being different from prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of removing double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling behind the upper mounting plate and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle;
Fig. 3 is axial carrying plane air bearing surface, radially carries the schematic diagram of cylinder air bearing surface, X-direction guide rail air bearing surface and sphere air bearing surface;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface and Z-direction bearing air-float face;
Fig. 5 is the tube-in-tube structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the control structure block diagram of the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of air bearing surface throttle orifice in plane on the sleeve;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice and sphere air bearing surface throttle orifice on the piston cylinder;
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view of eddy current damper;
Figure 10 is the Z-direction permanent magnet at the A-A of a kind of mounting type of sleeve inner cylindrical surface sidewall to sectional view;
Figure 11 is the Z-direction permanent magnet at the A-A of the another kind of mounting type of sleeve inner cylindrical surface sidewall to sectional view;
Figure 12 is that X, Y-direction permanent magnet are at a kind of mounting type schematic diagram of sleeve lower surface sidewall;
Figure 13 is that X, Y-direction permanent magnet are at the another kind of mounting type schematic diagram of sleeve lower surface sidewall.
Piece number explanation among the figure: 1 upper mounting plate, 2 lower installation boards, 3 clean compressed gas sources, 4 vibration isolator main bodys, 5 piston cylinders, 6 sleeves, 7 air-floating ball bearings, 8X is to voice coil motor, 8a X-direction motor iron yoke, 8b X-direction magnetic steel of motor, 8c X-direction motor coil skeleton, 8d X-direction motor coil, 9Y is to voice coil motor, 10Z is to voice coil motor, 10a Z-direction motor iron yoke, 10b Z-direction magnetic steel of motor, 10c Z-direction motor coil skeleton, 10d Z-direction motor coil, 10e Z-direction motor transitional spare, 11X is to displacement transducer, 11aX is to the grating reading head transition piece, 11b X-direction grating reading head, 11c X-direction glass raster chi, 12Y is to displacement transducer, 13Z is to displacement transducer, 13a Z-direction grating reading head transition piece, 13b Z-direction grating reading head, 13c Z-direction glass raster chi, 14X is to limit switch, 14aX is to limiting stopper, 14b X-direction Hall switch, 14c X-direction limit switch transition piece, 14d X-direction limiting stopper transition piece, 15Y is to limit switch, 16Z is to limit switch, 16a Z-direction limiting stopper, 16b Z-direction Hall switch, 16c Z-direction limit switch transition piece, 17 gas pressure sensors, 18 solenoid valves, 19 controllers, 20 drivers, 21 axial carrying plane air bearing surface, 22 radially carry the cylinder air bearing surface, 23 suction ports, 24 plane air bearing surface throttle orifices, 25 cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifices, 26 tracheaes, 27 sphere air bearing surface, 28 sphere air bearing surface throttle orifices, 29X is to air-float guide rail, 30Y is to air-float guide rail, 31X direction guiding rail air bearing surface, 32Y direction guiding rail air bearing surface, 33Z is to the bearing air-float face, 34 air supporting plates, 40X is to eddy current damper, 40AX is to permanent magnet, 41Y is to eddy current damper, 41AY is to permanent magnet, 42Z is to eddy current damper, 42AZ is to permanent magnet.
Embodiment
Provide specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The eddy-current damping vibration isolator of a kind of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, by upper mounting plate 1, lower installation board 2, clean compressed gas source 3, tracheae 26 and vibration isolator main body 4 form, vibration isolator main body 4 is installed between upper mounting plate 1 and the lower installation board 2, clean compressed gas source 3 is communicated with vibration isolator main body 4 by tracheae 26, in the structure of described vibration isolator main body 4, the lower surface of sleeve 6 and air supporting plate 34 are by the 21 lubricated and supports of axial carrying plane air bearing surface, piston cylinder 5 back-offs are installed in the sleeve 6, and with sleeve 6 by radially carry cylinder air bearing surface 22 lubricated with support, air-floating ball bearing 7 is installed between piston cylinder 5 and the upper mounting plate 1, the lower surface of X-direction air-float guide rail 29 and air supporting plate 34 are rigidly connected, sleeve 6 lubricates and guiding by X-direction guide rail air bearing surface 31 with X-direction air-float guide rail 29, the lower surface of Y-direction air-float guide rail 30 and lower installation board 2 are rigidly connected, air supporting plate 33 lubricates by Z-direction bearing air-float face 33 with lower installation board 2 and supports, and air supporting plate 34 lubricates and guiding by Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface 32 with Y-direction air-float guide rail 30; Z-direction voice coil motor 10, Z-direction displacement transducer 13, Z-direction limit switch 16, Z-direction eddy current damper 42 are installed between piston cylinder 5 and the sleeve 6, X-direction voice coil motor 8, X-direction displacement transducer 11, X-direction limit switch 14, X-direction eddy current damper 40, Y-direction eddy current damper 41 are installed between sleeve 6 and the air supporting plate 34, and Y-direction voice coil motor 9, Y-direction displacement transducer 12, Y-direction limit switch 15 are installed between air supporting plate 34 and the lower installation board 2; The driving force direction of Z-direction voice coil motor 10 is vertical direction, the driving force direction of X-direction voice coil motor 8 and Y-direction voice coil motor 9 is in horizontal plane and mutually vertical, X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 consistent with X, Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 line of action direction and X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 driving force direction, X, Y, Z-direction eddy current damper 40,41,42 damping force direction are consistent with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 driving force direction respectively; X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 are connected Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 and are connected with the signal input part of controller 19 respectively with X, the signal output part of controller 19 is connected with the signal input part of driver 20, and the signal output part of driver 20 is connected with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 respectively.
X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 pairs of X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 displacements of exporting are measured, and X, Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 pairs of X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 strokes that move limit; Controller 19 is according to X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 and X, Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 feedback signal, and the relative position between control X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9, the 10 pairs of upper and lower mounting plates 1,2 is accurately controlled.
The X-direction permanent magnet 40A that described X-direction eddy current damper 40 is installed along X-direction voice coil motor 8 driving force directions by sleeve 6 lower surface sidewalls consists of, the Y-direction permanent magnet 41A that Y-direction eddy current damper 41 is installed along Y-direction voice coil motor 9 driving force directions by sleeve 6 lower surface sidewalls consists of, the Z-direction permanent magnet 42A that Z-direction eddy current damper 42 is installed along Z-direction voice coil motor 10 driving force directions by sleeve 6 inner cylindrical surface sidewalls consists of, X, Y, Z-direction permanent magnet 40A, 41A, the pole orientation of 42A is perpendicular to the surface of sleeve 6, and N, the S utmost point is alternately arranged, sleeve 6 adopts ferromagnetic material, and piston cylinder 5 adopts non-magnetic good conductor material with air supporting plate 2.
Be provided with gas pressure sensor 17 in the described piston cylinder 5, piston cylinder 5 is provided with suction port 23 and solenoid valve 18, gas pressure sensor 17 is connected with the signal input part of controller 19, the signal output part of controller 19 is connected with the signal input part of driver 20, and the signal output part of driver 20 is connected with solenoid valve 18.
Described X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 are cylinder type voice coil motor or plate voice coil motor.
Described X-direction air-float guide rail 29 and Y-direction air-float guide rail 30 are single rail structure or two guide rail structure.
Described X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 are grating scale, magnetic railings ruler, appearance grid chi or linear potentiometer.
Described X, Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 are mechanical type limit switch, Hall-type limit switch or photoelectric limit switch.
Described piston cylinder 5 interior gas pressures are 0.1MPa～0.8MPa.
Described axial carrying plane air bearing surface 21, the air-film thickness that radially carries cylinder air bearing surface 22, X-direction guide rail air bearing surface 31, Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface 32 and Z-direction bearing air-float face 33 are 10 μ m～20 μ m.
Cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice 25 on the described piston cylinder 5 and the diameter of the plane air bearing surface throttle orifice 24 on the sleeve 6 are φ 0.1mm～φ 1mm.
Provide one embodiment of the present of invention below in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 6.In the present embodiment, in vibration isolator when work,, lower installation board 2 is installed on the pedestal or basic framework of ground, instrument, upper mounting plate 1 be connected by the load of vibration isolation.X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor 8,9,10 all adopt the cylinder type voice coil motor.Take X-direction voice coil motor 8 as example, it mainly comprises X-direction motor iron yoke 8a, X-direction magnetic steel of motor 8b, X-direction motor coil skeleton 8c, X-direction motor coil 8d.X-direction motor iron yoke 8a and X-direction motor coil skeleton 8c are cylindrical shape, and X-direction magnetic steel of motor 8b is cylindrical, and X-direction motor coil 8d is around on the X-direction motor coil skeleton 8c.X-direction motor iron yoke 8a and X-direction magnetic steel of motor 8b consist of the stator of motor, and X-direction motor coil skeleton 8c and X-direction motor coil 8d consist of the mover of motor.In the Z-direction voice coil motor 10, Z-direction motor transitional spare 10e provides the mounting structure of Z-direction motor coil skeleton 10c.Pass to electric current during machine operation in the coil, according to electromagnetic theory, hot-wire coil can be subject to the effect of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil power in magnetic field, can control the size and Orientation of motor output drive strength by the size and Orientation of control electric current.
The mounting type of air-floating ball bearing 7 is: the lower surface of air-floating ball bearing 7 is installed on the piston cylinder 5, and by the 27 lubricated and supports of sphere air bearing surface, the upper surface of air-floating ball bearing 7 and upper mounting plate 1 are rigidly connected.
X, Y, Z- direction displacement transducer 11,12,13 adopt grating scale.Take Z-direction displacement transducer 13 as example, it mainly comprises the parts such as Z-direction grating reading head transition piece 13a, Z-direction grating reading head 13b and Z-direction glass raster chi 13c, and Z-direction grating reading head transition piece 13a provides the mounting structure of Z-direction grating reading head 13b.In grating scale when work,, Z-direction grating reading head 13b can detect the relative displacement of itself and Z-direction glass raster chi 13c, and gives controller 19 by signal conductor.
X, Y, Z- direction limit switch 14,15,16 adopt the Hall-type limit switch.Take Z-direction limit switch 16 as example, it mainly comprises the parts such as Z-direction limiting stopper 16a, Z-direction Hall switch 16b and Z-direction limit switch transition piece 16c.Two Z-direction Hall switch 16b install back-to-back, and two Z-direction limiting stopper 16a are metallic material, with relative installation of sensitivity end of Z-direction Hall switch 16b.Z-direction limit switch transition piece 16c provides the mounting structure of Z-direction Hall switch 16b.In limit switch when work,, as Z-direction Hall switch 16b during near Z-direction limiting stopper 16a, Z-direction Hall switch 16b provides limit signal, and gives controller 19 by signal conductor.
In the present embodiment, Z-direction voice coil motor 10, Z-direction displacement transducer 13 and Z-direction limit switch 16 are installed between piston cylinder 5 and the sleeve 6, and are installed in piston cylinder 5 inside.
Vibration isolator is realized in the following way to the carrying of load: clean compressed gas source 3 by tracheae 26, through solenoid valve 18, suction port 23 to piston cylinder 5 interior conveying clean compressed airs.Controller 19 is according to the feedback signal of gas pressure sensor 17, the aperture of control solenoid valve 18, adjusting is input to the gas flow in the piston cylinder 5, thereby the pressure of regulating piston cylinder 5 interior clean compressed airs, make active force and load, the piston cylinder 5 that clean compressed air makes progress to piston cylinder 5 and the gravity that loads on other component on the piston cylinder 5 balance each other the gravity compensation of realizing ideal and zero stiffness vibration isolating effect.
In the present embodiment, the pressure of piston cylinder 5 interior clean compressed airs is 0.4Mpa, and the effective radius of piston cylinder 5 lower surfaces is 100mm, and then the quality of single vibration isolator carrying is: m=p * π r
2/ g ≈ 1282kg, wherein p is gas pressure, and p=0.4Mpa, r are the effective radius of piston cylinder 5 lower surfaces, and r=100mm, g are gravity accleration, g=9.8m/m
2
Fig. 7 provides an embodiment of air bearing surface throttle orifice in plane on the sleeve.In the present embodiment, sleeve 6 lower surfaces center in the circumferential direction of the circle uniform 8 plane air bearing surface throttle orifices 24 of the center of circle, and diameter is φ 0.2mm.
Fig. 8 provides an embodiment of cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice and sphere air bearing surface throttle orifice on the piston cylinder.In the present embodiment, uniform two arrange cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifices 25 in the circumferential direction of the circle on piston cylinder 5 sidewalls, the quantity of every row's cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice 25 is 8, and diameter is φ 0.2mm.8 the sphere air bearing surface throttle orifices 28 that evenly distribute in the circumferential direction of the circle around the center of circle on the concave spherical surface of piston cylinder 5 upper surfaces, diameter is φ 0.2mm.
Provide an embodiment of Z-direction eddy current damper below in conjunction with Fig. 9, Figure 10.In the present embodiment, vibration isolator has two Z-direction eddy current dampers 42, is made of the Z-direction permanent magnet 42A array that is installed in sleeve 6 inner cylindrical surface sidewalls, sleeve 6 adopts No. 45 Steel materials, have higher permeability, piston cylinder 5 adopts the red copper materials, not magnetic conduction and have high conductivity.Z-direction permanent magnet 42A is bar shaped, and along the driving force direction of Z-direction voice coil motor 10, be that the axial direction of sleeve 6 is arranged, pole orientation is perpendicular to the inner cylindrical surface of sleeve 6, and N, the S utmost point alternately arrange.When sleeve 6 produces the Z-direction relative movement with piston cylinder 5, piston cylinder 5 cutting magnetic lines and produce electric convolution and damping force, the Z-direction damping force is directly proportional with the Z-direction speed of related movement of piston cylinder 5 with sleeve 6, the driving force direction of direction and Z-direction voice coil motor 10, be that the axial direction of sleeve 6 is consistent, reach the consumption vibrational energy, improve the purpose of position stability.
Fig. 9, Figure 11 have provided another embodiment of Z eddy current damper.In the present embodiment, vibration isolator has four Z-direction eddy current dampers 42, is made of the Z-direction permanent magnet 42A array that is installed in sleeve 6 inner cylindrical surface sidewalls.Z-direction permanent magnet 42A is bar shaped, and along the driving force direction of Z-direction voice coil motor 10, be that the axial direction of sleeve 6 is arranged, pole orientation is perpendicular to the inner cylindrical surface of sleeve 6, and N, the S utmost point alternately arrange.
Provide an embodiment of X, Y-direction eddy current damper below in conjunction with Fig. 9, Figure 12.In the present embodiment, vibration isolator has two X-direction eddy current dampers 40, two Y-direction eddy current dampers 41, consisted of by the X that is installed in sleeve 6 lower surface sidewalls, Y-direction permanent magnet 40A, 41A array respectively, sleeve 6 adopts No. 45 Steel materials, have higher permeability, air supporting plate 34 adopts the red copper materials, not magnetic conduction and have high conductivity.X, Y-direction permanent magnet 40A, 41A are elongate in shape, arrange along X, Y-direction voice coil motor 8,9 driving force direction respectively, and pole orientation is perpendicular to the lower surface of sleeve 6, and N, the S utmost point alternately arrange.When sleeve 6 produces relative movement with air supporting plate 34, air supporting plate 34 cutting magnetic lines and produce electric convolution and damping force, X, Y-direction damping force are directly proportional with the speed of related movement of air supporting plate 34 in X, Y-direction with sleeve 6, direction and X, Y-direction voice coil motor 8,9 driving force direction are consistent, reach the consumption vibrational energy, improve the purpose of position stability.
Fig. 9, Figure 13 have provided another embodiment of X, Y-direction eddy current damper.In the present embodiment, vibration isolator has 40, one Y-direction eddy current dampers 41 of an X-direction eddy current damper, is made of the X that is installed in sleeve 6 lower surface sidewalls, Y-direction permanent magnet 40A, 41A array respectively.X, Y-direction permanent magnet 40A, 41A are elongate in shape, arrange along X, Y-direction voice coil motor 8,9 driving force direction respectively, and pole orientation is perpendicular to the lower surface of sleeve 6, and N, the S utmost point alternately arrange.
Claims (10)
1. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of a double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, by upper mounting plate (1), lower installation board (2), clean compressed gas source (3), tracheae (26) and vibration isolator main body (4) form, vibration isolator main body (4) is installed between upper mounting plate (1) and the lower installation board (2), clean compressed gas source (3) is connected with vibration isolator main body (4) by tracheae (26), it is characterized in that: in the structure of described vibration isolator main body (4), the lower surface of sleeve (6) and air supporting plate (34) be lubricated and support by axial carrying plane air bearing surface (21), piston cylinder (5) back-off is installed in the sleeve (6), and with sleeve (6) by radially carry cylinder air bearing surface (22) lubricated with support, air-floating ball bearing (7) is installed between piston cylinder (5) and the upper mounting plate (1), the lower surface of X-direction air-float guide rail (29) and air supporting plate (34) are rigidly connected, sleeve (6) lubricates and guiding by X-direction guide rail air bearing surface (31) with X-direction air-float guide rail (29), the lower surface of Y-direction air-float guide rail (30) and lower installation board (2) are rigidly connected, air supporting plate (34) lubricates by Z-direction bearing air-float face (33) with lower installation board (2) and supports, and air supporting plate (34) lubricates and guiding by Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface (32) with Y-direction air-float guide rail (30); Z-direction voice coil motor (10), Z-direction displacement transducer (13), Z-direction limit switch (16), Z-direction eddy current damper (42) is installed between piston cylinder (5) and the sleeve (6), X-direction voice coil motor (8), X-direction displacement transducer (11), X-direction limit switch (14), X-direction eddy current damper (40), Y-direction eddy current damper (41) is installed between sleeve (6) and the air supporting plate (34), Y-direction voice coil motor (9), Y-direction displacement transducer (12), Y-direction limit switch (15) is installed between air supporting plate (34) and the lower installation board (2); The driving force direction of Z-direction voice coil motor (10) is vertical direction, the driving force direction of X-direction voice coil motor (8) and Y-direction voice coil motor (9) is in horizontal plane and mutually vertical, X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer (11,12,13) and X, Y, Z-direction limit switch (14,15,16) line of action direction and X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor (8,9,10) driving force direction is consistent, X, Y, Z-direction eddy current damper (40,41,42) damping force direction respectively with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor (8,9,10) driving force direction is consistent; X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer (11,12,13) are connected Y, Z-direction limit switch (14,15,16) and are connected with the signal input part of controller (19) respectively with X, the signal output part of controller (19) is connected with the signal input part of driver (20), and the signal output part of driver (20) is connected with X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor (8,9,10) respectively.
2. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: the X-direction permanent magnet (40A) that described X-direction eddy current damper (40) is installed along X-direction voice coil motor (8) driving force direction by sleeve (6) lower surface sidewall consists of, the Y-direction permanent magnet (41A) that Y-direction eddy current damper (41) is installed along Y-direction voice coil motor (9) driving force direction by sleeve (6) lower surface sidewall consists of, the Z-direction permanent magnet (42A) that Z-direction eddy current damper (42) is installed along Z-direction voice coil motor (10) driving force direction by sleeve (6) inner cylindrical surface sidewall consists of, X, Y, Z-direction permanent magnet (40A, 41A, pole orientation 42A) is perpendicular to the surface of sleeve (6), and N, the S utmost point is alternately arranged, sleeve (6) adopts ferromagnetic material, and piston cylinder (5) adopts non-magnetic good conductor material with air supporting plate (34).
3. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: be provided with gas pressure sensor (17) in the described piston cylinder (5), piston cylinder (5) is provided with suction port (23) and solenoid valve (18), gas pressure sensor (17) is connected with the signal input part of controller (19), the signal output part of controller (19) is connected with the signal input part of driver (20), and the signal output part of driver (20) is connected with solenoid valve (18).
4. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: described X, Y, Z-direction voice coil motor (8,9,10) are cylinder type voice coil motor or plate voice coil motor.
5. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: described X-direction air-float guide rail (29) and Y-direction air-float guide rail (30) are single rail structure or two guide rail structure.
6. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle is characterized in that: described X, Y, Z-direction displacement transducer (11,12,13) are grating scale, magnetic railings ruler, appearance grid chi or linear potentiometer.
7. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: described X, Y, Z-direction limit switch (14,15,16) are mechanical type limit switch, Hall-type limit switch or photoelectric limit switch.
8. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: the interior gas pressure of described piston cylinder (5) is 0.1MPa～0.8MPa.
9. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle is characterized in that: described axial carrying plane air bearing surface (21), the air-film thickness that radially carries cylinder air bearing surface (22), X-direction guide rail air bearing surface (31), Y-direction guide rail air bearing surface (32) and Z-direction bearing air-float face (33) are 10 μ m～20 μ m.
10. the eddy-current damping vibration isolator of double-deck air supporting crossing decoupling according to claim 1 and the decoupling zero of air-floating ball bearing angle, it is characterized in that: the cylinder air bearing surface throttle orifice (25) on the described piston cylinder (5) and the diameter of the plane air bearing surface throttle orifice (24) on the sleeve (6) are φ 0.1mm～φ 1mm.
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| CN201210575350.1A CN103062311B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Eddy current damping vibration isolator of double-layer air-flotation orthogonal decoupling and air-flotation ball bearing angle decoupling |
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| CN201210575350.1A CN103062311B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Eddy current damping vibration isolator of double-layer air-flotation orthogonal decoupling and air-flotation ball bearing angle decoupling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108316134A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-07-24 | 广州大学 | It is vortexed the compound hyperboloid friction pendulum support of magnetic damping |
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