CN103061310B - Ecological habitat revetment - Google Patents

Abstract

A new ecological habitat revetment, including a gravity retaining wall, the gravity retaining wall is made of mortar blocks, the gravity retaining wall is provided with water pipes for connecting internal and external water bodies, and the revetment is also Including an ecological habitat area, the front part of the ecological habitat area is connected with the gravity retaining wall, and a geomembrane is arranged at the rear of the ecological habitat area; The water pipe is connected to the cavity layer of the ecological habitat layer, and there is a cavity between adjacent stones in the cavity layer, which is closely connected with the adjacent stones of the upper and lower layers adjacent to this layer, and the upper layer of stones Each corner is built on the blocks of the cavity layer, and a wooden box without a roof is placed in the cavity, and the wooden box is in contact with the blocks. The invention realizes the ecological revetment form in which there is a section of ecological habitat in one masonry protection section, and well solves the original problem of poor ecological performance.

Description

Ecological Habitat Revetment

technical field

The invention relates to a revetment form, in particular to a revetment form with an ecological habitat.

Background technique

The traditional masonry revetment is a common form of bank slope protection for rivers, waterways, lakes, reservoirs, etc. This revetment form has a neat appearance, good soil retaining and flood control effects, and is suitable for revetments with small land widths. However, because this revetment method destroys the basis for the survival of riverside vegetation and organisms, blocks and hinders the habitat and reproduction of fish, crabs, frogs and other animals, it is also impossible to plant aquatic plants underwater, and it is impossible to form a water-to-land environment. good ecological environment. On the other hand, many urban rivers are facing narrow rivers, dense buildings on both sides of the river, and limited widening of the river. It is difficult to change the revetment form of the entire river to natural ecological revetment.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problem of poor ecological effect of the existing masonry revetment form, the present invention provides a new type of ecological habitat revetment, which realizes an ecological revetment form in which there is a section of ecological habitat in a masonry revetment section, which is very convenient. A good solution to the original problem of poor ecology.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A new ecological habitat revetment, including a gravity retaining wall, the gravity retaining wall is made of mortar blocks, the gravity retaining wall is provided with water pipes for connecting internal and external water bodies, and the revetment is also Including an ecological habitat area, the front part of the ecological habitat area is connected with the gravity retaining wall, and a geomembrane is arranged at the rear of the ecological habitat area; The water pipe is connected to the cavity layer of the ecological habitat layer, and there is a cavity between adjacent stones in the cavity layer, which is closely connected with the adjacent stones of the upper and lower layers adjacent to this layer, and the upper layer of stones Each corner is built on the blocks of the cavity layer, and a wooden box without a roof is placed in the cavity, and the wooden box is in contact with the blocks.

Further, adjacent blocks of odd-numbered layers are closely connected from bottom to top, and there are cavities between adjacent blocks of even-numbered layers, and the water pipe communicates with the even-numbered layers. This manner is only an optional manner, and other manners may also be used.

Adjacent rocks in contact with the geomembrane are closely connected.

At least two rows of stones in contact with the geomembrane are closely connected, and adjacent stones in each row are closely connected.

Furthermore, the angle between the geomembrane and the bottom surface of the ecological habitat is less than 60°.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: the retaining wall resists the erosion of wave water flow, effectively avoids the erosion of wave water flow on the inner bank slope of the retaining wall, and has a good revetment effect; the ecological habitat area contains a large number of cavities, which can provide shelter and nesting Conditions, reduce the flow rate, provide living space, shade the sun, provide channels, and help the formation of food chains; aquatic plants can grow in the cavity, and plants can be used as biological nutrients to realize the ecologicalization of the revetment and restore the natural ecosystem of the bank slope. The utility model is suitable for bank protection projects of river courses, waterways and reservoirs.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the ecological habitat revetment.

Figure 2 is the front view of the ecological habitat revetment.

Figure 3 is a top view of the ecological habitat revetment.

In the figure: 1. Aquatic plants; 2. Geomembrane; 3. Cavities; 4. Wooden boxes; 5. Shore plants; 6. Reinforced concrete;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a new type of ecological habitat revetment includes a gravity retaining wall, which is made of mortar blocks 9, and is set on the gravity retaining wall to communicate with internal and external water bodies The water pipe 8 of the revetment also includes an ecological habitat area, the front part of the ecological habitat area is connected with the gravity retaining wall, and the rear part of the ecological habitat area is arranged with a geomembrane 2; the ecological habitat area is composed of Block stones are built in 7 layers, and the water pipe 8 is connected to the hollow layer of the ecological habitat layer. There is a cavity 3 between adjacent stone blocks in the hollow layer, and the upper and lower layers adjacent to this layer The adjacent block stones are tightly connected, and each corner of the upper layer block stones is built on the block stones of the hollow layer. A wooden box 4 without a top cover is placed in the cavity 3, and the wooden box 4 is in contact with the block stones. .

Adjacent blocks of odd-numbered layers are closely connected from bottom to top, and cavities are left between adjacent blocks of even-numbered layers, and the water pipe communicates with the even-numbered layers. This manner is only an optional manner, and other manners may also be used.

Adjacent stones in contact with the geomembrane are closely connected.

At least two rows of stones in contact with the geomembrane are closely connected, and adjacent stones in each row are closely connected.

Furthermore, the angle between the geomembrane and the bottom surface of the ecological habitat is less than 60°.

In this embodiment, an ecological habitat revetment is arranged at approximately every 100m masonry revetment section, and the ecological habitat revetment consists of two parts: a gravity retaining wall and an ecological habitat area.

(1) The gravity retaining wall is made of mortar block stones. The stone masonry must be laid by the grouting method. When laying bricks, the stone blocks should be laid horizontally in layers, staggered up and down, and built inside and outside. It is best to use the upper and lower sides of the block to be roughly flat and parallel, without sharp corners or thin edges, and the thickness of the block should be greater than 20cm. Set water pipes on the retaining wall to communicate with internal and external water bodies, and the diameter of the water pipes shall not exceed 15cm. The bottom elevation of the lowest layer of water pipe shall not be higher than the design low water level.

(2) The stones in the ecological habitat area are made of mortar, and a layer of stones is arranged on the plane of each water pipe. There must be holes between the stones in this layer. Different, in order to allow more kinds of animals to use. The upper and lower layers of block stones adjacent to the layer containing holes should be built closely without leaving any holes. When laying bricks, each corner of the upper layer of block stones must be built on the block stones with holes left below to maintain the overall structure. stability. The void rate accounts for 10% of the ecological habitat area. When laying stones in other layers, the stones should be laid horizontally in layers, and the upper and lower joints are staggered, and the stones should be laid closely.

Choose a suitable cavity to place a wooden box without a top cover. The wooden box must be in contact with the masonry so that the wooden box will not fall over in the water or be knocked over by wind and waves. .

There should be no gaps or holes between one or several rows of rocks in contact with the geomembrane, so as to prevent the pores from directly connecting with the geomembrane, so as to avoid damage to the geomembrane and cause soil erosion. The specific row number is determined by the designer. The geomembrane is arranged between the masonry in the ecological habitat area and the backfill soil, and the laying angle of the geomembrane is less than 60° (the angle is the angle between the geomembrane and the bottom surface of the ecological habitat area).

When building the revetment of the ecological habitat, first dig a certain amount of earth according to the design size, and then use mortar to build the mortar block 9 of the gravity retaining wall, and arrange the water pipes 8 at intervals of 0.5×0.5m on the gravity retaining wall, Then continue to use mortar to block stones, and the diameter of the water pipe is not greater than 15cm. Then use mortar to build the block stone 7 in the ecological habitat area, first build the block stone at the lower side of the plane where the water pipe at the bottom is, and the method of building by laying bricks or stones adopts the traditional method of laying bricks, and does not leave a cavity between the block stones. Then build the block stones of the layer where the water pipe is located. There must be cavities 3 between the block stones in this layer. The cavities are of different sizes and placed in a staggered manner. When building the upper block stones adjacent to the cavity, each corner of the block stones must be built on the lower block stones to maintain structural stability, and the blocks are tightly built. For other block stone masonry, refer to the above method for masonry. Place wooden case 4 on some hollows, plant aquatic plants 1 in wooden case, wooden case must contact with block stone, guarantee that wooden case is fixed. Then lay the geomembrane 2 on the laid stones, and then fill with soil layer by layer, with a layer thickness of 0.3-0.4m. Lay C25 reinforced concrete 6 on the gravity retaining wall, spread backfill soil on the upper part of the ecological habitat area, and plant shore plants 5 on the backfill soil.

Claims (5)

1. A new type of ecological habitat revetment, comprising a gravity retaining wall, the gravity retaining wall is formed by masonry of mortar blocks, and it is characterized in that: the gravity retaining wall is provided with a passage for connecting the inner and outer water bodies. Water pipe, the revetment also includes an ecological habitat area, the front part of the ecological habitat area is connected with the gravity retaining wall, and a geomembrane is arranged at the rear of the ecological habitat area; the ecological habitat area is composed of block stones It is built by masonry, and the water pipe is connected to the hollow layer of the ecological habitat layer. In the hollow layer, there are holes between adjacent stones, which are closely connected with the adjacent stones of the upper and lower layers adjacent to this layer. , and each corner of the block stone in the upper layer is built on the block stone of the cavity layer, and a wooden box without a top is placed in the cavity, and the wooden box is in contact with the block stone. 2. The new ecological habitat revetment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: from bottom to top, the adjacent block stones of odd-numbered layers are closely connected, and there is a cavity between the adjacent block stones of even-numbered layers, and the water pipe communicate with the even-numbered layers. 3. The new ecological habitat bank revetment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the adjacent stones in contact with the geomembrane are tightly connected. 4. The new ecological habitat revetment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: at least two rows of rocks in contact with the geomembrane are closely connected, and adjacent rocks in each row are closely connected. 5. The new ecological habitat revetment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the angle between the geomembrane and the bottom surface of the ecological habitat is less than 60°.