CN103041023A - 一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103041023A CN103041023A CN2012105576210A CN201210557621A CN103041023A CN 103041023 A CN103041023 A CN 103041023A CN 2012105576210 A CN2012105576210 A CN 2012105576210A CN 201210557621 A CN201210557621 A CN 201210557621A CN 103041023 A CN103041023 A CN 103041023A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chinese medicine
- medicine composition
- kidney
- traditional chinese
- women
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 title abstract description 7
- VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001619461 Poria <basidiomycete fungus> Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 244000061520 Angelica archangelica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000132012 Atractylodes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000000604 Chrysanthemum parthenium Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000007371 Cuscuta campestris Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000001287 Guettarda speciosa Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000007890 Leonurus cardiaca Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000000802 Leonurus cardiaca ssp. villosus Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000244365 Ligusticum sinense Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000197580 Poria cocos Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000008599 Poria cocos Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000405414 Rehmannia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000237330 gutta percha tree Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 12
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 208000019255 Menstrual disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010027514 Metrorrhagia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010000087 Abdominal pain upper Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006820 Arthralgia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010007247 Carbuncle Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010033557 Palpitations Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000025747 Rheumatic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000009205 Tinnitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000031971 Yin Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001882 diuretic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004914 menses Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005906 menstruation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000552 rheumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035922 thirst Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000886 tinnitus Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000000736 Amenorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010001928 Amenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005171 Dysmenorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013935 Dysmenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008967 Enuresis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000201295 Euphrasia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000008899 Habitual abortion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021118 Hypotonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041954 Starvation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046788 Uterine haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046910 Vaginal haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031975 Yang Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000540 amenorrhea Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001166 anti-perspirative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000001848 dysentery Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013990 dysuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024756 faint Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017561 flaccidity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000006750 hematuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005630 leukorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036565 night sweats Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010029410 night sweats Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003516 pericardium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002826 placenta Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010040872 skin infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010042772 syncope Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010046901 vaginal discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,属于中药领域。该中药组合物由以下各原料制成:菟丝子、杜仲、鹿角霜、白术、茯苓、熟地、当归、甘草、川芎、白芍、益母草。本发明具有补肾益气、温养冲任的功效,是一种安全可靠,无任何毒副作用,有效成分使用率高,见效快的中药组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物。
背景技术
不孕症是凡女子婚后未避孕,有正常性生活,同居2年,而未受孕者;或曾有过妊娠,而后未避孕,又连续2年未再受孕者。前者为原发性不孕;后者为继发性不孕。肾虚型不孕症为先天肾气不足,或房事不节、久病大病、反复流产损伤肾气,或高龄,肾气渐虚。肾气虚,则冲任虚衰不能摄精成孕;或素体肾阳虚或寒湿伤肾,肾阳亏虚,命门火衰,阳虚气弱,则生化失期,有碍子宫发育或不能触发氤氲乐孕之气,致令不能摄精成孕;或素体肾阴亏虚,或房劳多产、久病失血,耗损真阴,天癸乏源,冲任血海空虚;或阴虚生内热,热扰冲任血海,均不能摄精成孕,发为不孕症。不孕症是全世界关注的人类自身生殖健康问题。发明一种即安全又有效的治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,具有重大意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,它具有补肾益气、温养冲任的功效。
一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,由以下重量份各原料制成:菟丝子10~30g、杜仲5~15g、鹿角霜10~20g、白术10~20g、茯苓10~20g、熟地10~20g、当归10~20g、甘草5~15g、川芎5~15g、白芍10~20g、益母草10~30g。
优选的,各原料重量份是:菟丝子20g、杜仲10g、鹿角霜15g、白术15g、茯苓15g、熟地15g、当归15g、甘草10g、川芎10g、白芍15g、益母草20g。
药理作用:
菟丝子:味辛甘,性平。入肝、肾经。有补肝肾,益精髓,明目的功效。治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。
杜仲:甘微辛,温。具有补肝肾、强筋骨、降血压、安胎等诸多功效。
鹿角霜:味咸,性温。归肝、肾经。有温肾助阳,收敛止血的功效。用于脾肾阳痿,食少吐泻,白带,遗尿尿频,崩漏下血,痈疽痰核。
白术:苦、甘,温。归脾、胃经。有补气健脾、燥湿利水、止汗、安胎的功效。
茯苓:甘、淡,平。归心经、肺经、脾经、肾经。利水药、渗湿利尿。主治小便不利,水肿胀满,痰饮咳逆,呕吐,脾虚食少,泄泻,心悸不安,失眠健忘,遗精白浊。
熟地:甘,微温。归肝、肾经。有补血养阴,填精益髓的功效。用于血虚萎黄,眩晕,心悸失眠,月经不调,崩漏等症,亦可用于肾阴不足的潮热骨蒸、盗汗、遗精、消渴等症。
当归:性温,味甘、辛。归肝、心、脾经。补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄、眩晕心悸、月经不调、经闭痛经、虚寒腹痛、肠燥便秘、风湿痹痛、跌扑损伤、痈疽疮疡。
甘草:清热解毒,祛痰止咳,补脾益气,止咳润肺,缓急解毒的功效。
川芎:味辛,性温。归肝、胆、心包经。有活血行气,祛风止痛的功效。用于安抚神经,正头风头痛,症瘕腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑肿痛,头痛,风湿痹痛。
白芍:苦酸,凉。入肝、脾经。 有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功效。治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。
益母草:味辛、苦,性微进。入心、肝、膀胱经。活血,祛瘀,调经,消水。治月经不调,胎漏难产,胞衣不下,产后血晕,瘀血腹痛,崩中漏下,尿血,泻血,痈肿疮疡。
本发明所用到的各种原料都可以从市场购买得到,其规格为医药级或食品级均可。
典型病例
病例1
袁某,女,30岁,夫妻结婚5年同居未孕,自述月经不调,量少,色黯,头晕耳鸣,精神疲惫,舌淡苔薄,脉沉细。服用本发明中药组合物50天后成功受孕。
病例2
罗某,27岁,夫妻结婚7年同居未孕,自述月经总推迟,经色暗淡,性欲冷淡,带下量多,头晕耳鸣,腰膝酸软,夜尿多,苔白,脉沉细。服用本发明中药组合物60剂治疗,服药后两个月成功受孕。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,由以下重量份原料组成(单位:g):菟丝子18、杜仲10、鹿角霜15、白术15、茯苓15、熟地15、当归15、甘草10、川芎10、白芍15、益母草20。
用法:每日一剂,水煎服,分早、晚两次口服。
实施例2
一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,由以下重量份原料组成(单位:g):菟丝子25、杜仲12、鹿角霜15、白术15、茯苓15、熟地15、当归15、甘草12、川芎12、白芍15、益母草25。
用法:每日一剂,水煎服,分早、晚两次口服。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,由以下重量份各原料制成:菟丝子10~30g、杜仲5~15g、鹿角霜10~20g、白术10~20g、茯苓10~20g、熟地10~20g、当归10~20g、甘草5~15g、川芎5~15g、白芍10~20g、益母草10~30g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物,其特征在于,各原料的重量份是:菟丝子20g、杜仲10g、鹿角霜15g、白术15g、茯苓15g、熟地15g、当归15g、甘草10g、川芎10g、白芍15g、益母草20g。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2012105576210A CN103041023A (zh) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | 一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2012105576210A CN103041023A (zh) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | 一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103041023A true CN103041023A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
Family
ID=48054034
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2012105576210A Pending CN103041023A (zh) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | 一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN103041023A (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104337969A (zh) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-02-11 | 陈学媛 | 治疗不育不孕的药物及其制备方法 |
CN104857300A (zh) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 杨海霞 | 一种治疗肾虚型不孕的中药及其制备方法 |
CN109568438A (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 郭氏博信中医科技(北京)股份有限公司 | 一种治疗不孕症的药物组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN110025707A (zh) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-07-19 | 刘燚 | 治疗肾虚型排卵障碍性不孕的中药散剂 |
CN110856729A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-03-03 | 严育斌 | 归芍助孕胶囊 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1504214A (zh) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-16 | 朱永革 | 一种治疗妇女不孕症的药物 |
CN1628840A (zh) * | 2004-08-17 | 2005-06-22 | 石春荣 | 一种促发排卵助孕的药物 |
CN101653509A (zh) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-02-24 | 蒋保珍 | 一种治疗不孕症的内服药物 |
-
2012
- 2012-12-20 CN CN2012105576210A patent/CN103041023A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1504214A (zh) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-16 | 朱永革 | 一种治疗妇女不孕症的药物 |
CN1628840A (zh) * | 2004-08-17 | 2005-06-22 | 石春荣 | 一种促发排卵助孕的药物 |
CN101653509A (zh) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-02-24 | 蒋保珍 | 一种治疗不孕症的内服药物 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
杜秀杰: "浅谈不孕症的辨证和辨病", 《中国医药指南》 * |
许静静: "《白话《千金方》》", 30 June 2010, 合肥工业大学出版社 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104337969A (zh) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-02-11 | 陈学媛 | 治疗不育不孕的药物及其制备方法 |
CN104857300A (zh) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 杨海霞 | 一种治疗肾虚型不孕的中药及其制备方法 |
CN109568438A (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 郭氏博信中医科技(北京)股份有限公司 | 一种治疗不孕症的药物组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN110856729A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-03-03 | 严育斌 | 归芍助孕胶囊 |
CN110025707A (zh) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-07-19 | 刘燚 | 治疗肾虚型排卵障碍性不孕的中药散剂 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106075276A (zh) | 一种用于治疗先兆流产的中药制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN103977339A (zh) | 一种保胎安胎的药物 | |
CN103041023A (zh) | 一种治疗妇女肾虚型不孕症的中药组合物 | |
CN104208554A (zh) | 主治多种女性疾病的中药 | |
CN101428115B (zh) | 一种妇女滋阴、补血的药酒 | |
CN104825963A (zh) | 一种用于习惯性流产的中药制剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104189510A (zh) | 一种治疗内分泌失调的中药组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN101703666B (zh) | 一种治疗月经不调的中药组合物 | |
CN101912551B (zh) | 一种安胎中药组合物 | |
CN104524509A (zh) | 一种治疗婚久继发不孕的中药组合物 | |
CN104274810A (zh) | 一种治疗月经不调的中药组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN102988858A (zh) | 治疗腰腿酸痛、坐骨神经痛的中药组合物 | |
CN101804138A (zh) | 治疗脱发的中药复方制剂及其制作方法 | |
CN101703624B (zh) | 一种治疗强直性脊柱炎的中药组合物 | |
CN104225233A (zh) | 一种滋阴补肾的内服药酒 | |
CN103736003A (zh) | 一种治疗乳腺增生的药物 | |
CN102988626A (zh) | 一种治疗产后小便不通的中药组合物 | |
CN102935165B (zh) | 一种治疗气虚型月经先期的中药组合物 | |
CN105362827A (zh) | 一种可有效治疗贫血的汤剂药物及其制备方法 | |
CN104666654A (zh) | 一种治疗阴阳两虚型糖尿病的中药组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN104383409B (zh) | 一种用于治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的中药制剂及制备方法 | |
CN102973902B (zh) | 一种治疗妇女脉滑肾虚症的中药制剂 | |
CN102973849B (zh) | 妇科宁心活血调经中药制剂 | |
CN105456904A (zh) | 一种补肾固胎饮 | |
CN106214831A (zh) | 一种治疗白癜风的内服中药丸及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20130417 |