CN103039179B - Backsack peanut picking combine - Google Patents

Abstract

The knapsack-type peanut picking and fruit-picking combine harvester includes a power unit, a picking-up conveying device, a fruit-picking cleaning device, and a lifting and fruit-collecting device; The tooth pick-up device includes a supporting plate and an elastic finger rod fixed on the supporting plate. The fruit picking and cleaning device sequentially includes a fruit picking auger, a concave screen and a vibrating screen from top to bottom; The dragon coupling shaft is fixedly connected with the auger shaft; the number of the auger coupling rods is an even number, and is evenly arranged in a symmetrical manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft; the number of the spiral auger rods is an even number, and each The auger coupling rods at both ends of the helical auger are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft. The invention realizes the completeness of the peanuts to the greatest extent, and effectively solves the problems of incomplete separation and unclean cleaning of fruit seedlings.

Description

Backpack Peanut Picking Fruit Picking Combine Harvester

technical field

The invention relates to a peanut combined harvester, in particular to a knapsack peanut picking combined harvester, which is suitable for combined harvesting of dry and wet peanuts in different planting modes.

Background technique

Peanuts, also known as groundnuts, are known as "vegetable meat". The oil content is as high as 50%, the quality is good, and the smell is fragrant. In addition to being edible, peanuts are also used in printing and dyeing and papermaking industries; peanuts are also a traditional Chinese medicine, suitable for symptoms such as malnutrition, spleen and stomach disorders, cough, phlegm and asthma, and lack of milk. As an important economic crop, peanut has a wide planting area in my country. Therefore, the harvesting method of peanuts is of great significance to the economic development of the growing area.

At present, the vast majority of peanuts are harvested manually, including pulling out the peanuts, laying them out, drying them in the sun for a few days, and then manually picking them up on the field for fruit picking, shelling, and cleaning. Manual methods are not only labor-intensive , and the work efficiency is low, labor-intensive and time-consuming, and the production cost is extremely high. With the development of peanut harvesting machinery, there have been peanut segment harvesters and peanut combine harvesters. Peanut segmental harvesters mostly use four-wheel tractors, which can complete the operations of digging, shaking the soil, and laying peanuts, while the fruit picking and cleaning after drying are still done manually; the peanut combine harvester has the functions of digging, conveying, etc. , Separation of soil, fruit picking, separation and cleaning, and fruit collection and other compound functions are suitable for large-area plots and have the characteristics of high production efficiency and low harvest loss rate.

As a link with the largest workload in the peanut harvesting process, the picking and fruit picking device still has certain defects in the current peanut combine harvester. The existing pick-up devices are all hard finger-type pick-up devices. This pick-up device has the following problems: (1) The finger is made of rigid material with high strength. When picking up, it has a large impact on the material and is easy to damage. (2) It is inevitable that there are obstacles such as stones in the field, and when a hard finger rod encounters obstacles such as stones, it will often cause broken teeth and damage due to rigid impact, affecting The picking operation is carried out normally; (3) The finger bar is straight, and when the slats are thin, the crops are easy to slip off the finger bar, resulting in a high rate of missed picking. And existing fruit-picking device is traditional tooth-type fruit-picking device, mainly adopts two kinds of fruit-picking modes of nail-tooth formula and comb formula. This eating type fruit-picking device picks peanuts by combing and hitting peanut plants through a toothed structure, which often easily leads to crushing of peanuts and crushing of peanut seedlings, resulting in difficulty in separating peanuts from peanut seedlings; When the peanuts are wet, this situation is more obvious, so the damage rate is higher, thereby affecting the development of the peanut industry.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a knapsack-type peanut picking and fruit-picking combined harvester. The present invention not only realizes the collection, transportation, fruit picking, cleaning, and fruit collection of peanuts that have been dug and shaken. The joint operation, and the picking efficiency and picking rate are high, the integrity of the peanuts is realized to the greatest extent, and the problems of incomplete separation and cleaning of fruit and seedlings are effectively solved.

The technical scheme of the present invention: the knapsack peanut picking combined harvester includes a power device, a picking and conveying device, a picking and cleaning device and a lifting and collecting device. The transport and fruit collection device is connected; the fruit picking and cleaning device is respectively connected with the picking-up conveying device and the lifting fruit-collecting device; Both sides are fixed on the conveyor chain I; the fruit picking and cleaning device includes a fruit picking auger, a concave screen and a vibrating screen from top to bottom, and the end of the vibrating screen near the picking and conveying device is higher than that near the lifting fruit collecting device. one end of the fruit-picking auger; the auger includes an auger shaft, a screw auger and an auger coupling rod, the auger coupling rod is distributed at both ends of the auger shaft, and the helical auger passes through the auger coupling rod It is fixedly connected with the auger shaft; the number of the auger coupling rods is an even number, and is evenly arranged in a symmetrical manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft; the number of the spiral auger rods is an even number, and each set The auger coupling rods at both ends are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft.

Preferably, each set of spiral stirring rods includes two spiral stirring rods, and the middle of the two spiral stirring rods is an auger plate.

Preferably, the auger coupling rod includes a bottom rod and a top rod; the number of the bottom rods is two, and the bottom end of the bottom rod is connected with the auger shaft and there is a certain clamp between the two bottom rods. angle; the included angle between the two bottom rods of the auger coupling rod is 40°-60°; the top rods are respectively connected to the tops of the two bottom rods.

Preferably, the number of the auger coupling rods is 4, and there are 2 at both ends of the auger shaft.

Preferably, the pick-up device is a spring-tooth pick-up device, including a support plate and an elastic finger fixed on the support plate, and the angle β between the elastic finger bar and the support plate is 20°-35°.

Preferably, the elastic finger bar includes a finger bar end and a finger bar root connected as one, and the finger bar end is fixed on the supporting plate through the finger bar root; the finger bar end is linear, so The root of the finger is arc-shaped; the angle α between the end of the finger and the root of the finger is 158°-172°, and the radian of the root of the finger is 0.7 rad-1.1 rad.

Preferably, the elastic finger rods are fixedly connected to the supporting plate through screws and nuts; the number of the elastic finger rods is 3 groups, and each group of elastic finger rods includes two elastic finger rods, and the multiple groups of elastic finger rods The rods are evenly distributed on the same surface of the pallet; the material of the elastic fingers is nylon.

Preferably, the fruit picking and cleaning device further includes a fan, the fan is located at one end of the vibrating screen close to the lifting and collecting device, and the air outlet of the fan faces the other end of the vibrating screen.

Preferably, the lifting fruit collecting device includes a lifting plate, a conveying chain II and a discharge port, the two sides of the lifting plate are fixed on the conveying chain II, and the discharging port is located at the The device is away from the end of the fruit picking and cleaning device.

Preferably, the power device is a tractor, and one side of the lifting and collecting device is also provided with a standing board for fruit receivers.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention adopts the combination of the elastic tooth picking device and the curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism. Firstly, the peanut seedlings to be picked are transferred to the picking base plate through the elastic tooth picking device, and are fed into the built-in curved surface non-rotary fruit under the drive of the conveyor chain. The fruit picking and cleaning device of the tooth picking mechanism; with the cooperation of the curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism and the concave plate sieve, the peanuts are separated from the peanut seedlings; the peanuts fall into the vibrating screen on the lower layer of the concave plate sieve, and move along the vibrating screen to the exit Thus, it enters the lifting fruit collection and transportation device, and the peanut seedlings are blown out of the machine under the action of the fan; it not only realizes the combined operation of picking, conveying, fruit picking, cleaning, and fruit collection, but also has high picking efficiency and cleaning rate. , to maximize the integrity of peanuts, and effectively solve the problems of incomplete separation and cleaning of fruit and seedlings;

(2) The curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism of the present invention includes an auger shaft, a helical auger rod and an auger coupling rod. The stirring rod is fixed on the auger shaft in a twisted shape; the peanut seedlings can enter the device smoothly and rotate at a high speed with the rotation of the auger shaft. At the same time, the peanuts are concentrated on the outside of the invention, and Under the centrifugation and the interaction between the present invention and the concave plate sieve, the peanut fruit and the peanut seedling are separated to complete the fruit picking operation;

(3) There is an auger plate between each set of spiral agitating rods of the curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism, and the auger plate further ensures that when the peanut seedlings enter the interior of the invention and the peanuts are located outside the invention, the peanut fruit is improved. Fruit picking rate;

(4) Compared with the existing toothed fruit picking mechanism, the curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism uses a spiral stirring rod to replace the toothed structure, thereby avoiding the process of picking fruit by the toothed structure through the comb and hitting of the peanut plant, The consequences of crushing peanuts and peanut seedlings can reduce the fruit damage rate, avoid equipment blockage caused by fruit fragments and fruit seedling fragments, and reduce equipment maintenance costs.

(5) The spring tooth pick-up device of the present invention adopts an elastic finger rod with suitable strength, which not only ensures that the pick-up operation can be completed, but also avoids rigid impact on the crops and ensures the integrity of the fruit; at the same time, it has suitable elasticity and Rigid and elastic fingers will not break due to impact when encountering obstacles such as stones during operation, which ensures the normal operation of picking and reduces the trouble of equipment maintenance;

(6) The elastic finger of the elastic picking device includes a straight front end of the finger and an arc-shaped root of the finger. The front end of the straight finger is used to shovel the crops from the ground, and then the crops enter the circle with the operation of the harvesting machine. The arc-shaped root of the finger bar avoids the crops from slipping and reduces the missed detection rate;

(7) This machine can cooperate with the existing digging, laying and harvesting machinery to complete the peanut operation; this combined harvest of digging, laying and picking fruit can make peanuts easy to dry and reduce the production of aflatoxin.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is axonometric view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the spring tooth picking device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the spring tooth picking device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fruit-picking auger of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. tractor; 2. spring tooth pick-up device; 3. pick-up bottom plate; 4. hydraulic device; 5. upper cover plate; 6. curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism; .Blower fan; 10. Lifting plate; 11. Standing plate; 12. Feeding port; 13. Discharging port; 14. Conveying chain I; 15. Elastic finger rod; 16. Supporting plate; 17. Screws; 18. Nuts; 19. Finger rod end; 20. Finger rod root; 21. Auger shaft; 22. Auger plate; 23. Spiral stirrer; 24. Bottom rod; 25. Ejector.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester includes a power unit, a picking and conveying device, a fruit picking and cleaning device and a lifting and collecting device, and the power device is connected to the picking and conveying device, the picking and cleaning device and the lifting and collecting device respectively; The fruit picking and cleaning device is respectively connected with the picking and conveying device and the lifting and collecting device. The power unit is a tractor 1, and the side of the tractor 1 close to the lifting and collecting device is also provided with a standing board 11 for the fruit receiver.

The pick-up conveying device comprises a pick-up device, a pick-up base plate 3 and a conveying chain 14, and both sides of the pick-up device and the pick-up base plate 3 are fixed on the transport chain 14; 16 and three sets of elastic finger rods 15 evenly distributed on the same surface of the supporting plate 16, the elastic finger rods 15 are fixedly connected with the supporting plate 16 through screws 17 and nuts 18. Each set of elastic fingers 15 includes two elastic fingers 15, the elastic fingers 15 are made of nylon material, and the angle β between the elastic fingers 15 and the supporting plate 16 is 20°. The elastic finger bar 15 includes a finger bar end 19 and a finger bar root 20 connected as one, and the finger bar end 19 is fixed on the supporting plate 16 through the finger bar root 29; The angle α between the root portions 20 is 158°. The end portion 19 of the finger bar is linear, the root portion 20 of the finger bar is arc-shaped, and the arc of the root portion 20 of the finger bar is 0.7 rad.

The fruit picking and cleaning device includes a curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism 6, a concave plate sieve 7 and a vibrating screen 8 from top to bottom, and the end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the picking and conveying device is higher than the end close to the lifting fruit collecting device; The fruit picking and cleaning device also includes an upper cover plate 5 and a fan 9, the fan 9 is located at one end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the lifting fruit collection device, and the air outlet of the fan 9 faces the other end of the vibrating screen 8. The fruit-picking auger is a toothless fruit-picking mechanism with a curved surface, including an auger shaft 21, two sets of helical auger rods 23 and four auger coupling rods, and each set of helical auger rods 23 includes two helical auger rods 23, so The middle of the two spiral stirring rods 23 is the stirring dragon plate 22. The auger coupling rod includes a bottom rod 24 and a push rod 25; the number of the bottom rods 24 is two, and the bottom end of the bottom rod 24 is connected with the auger shaft 21 and the two bottom rods 24 are 40 °; the top rods 25 are connected to the tops of the two bottom rods 24 respectively. The four auger coupling rods are distributed at both ends of the auger shaft 21, and are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21; The auger shaft 21 is fixedly connected; the auger coupling rods at both ends of each set of helical auger rods 23 are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21 .

The lifting fruit collecting device includes a lifting plate 10, a conveying chain II and a discharge port 13, the two sides of the lifting plate 10 are fixed on the conveying chain, and the discharging port 13 is located at the lifting fruit collecting device The end away from the fruit picking and cleaning device.

When the knapsack peanut picking combined harvester is working, the power is directly provided to the picking and conveying device, the picking and cleaning device and the lifting and collecting device by the output shaft at the rear of the tractor 1. The spring tooth pick-up device 2 picks up the peanuts laid on the ground from the ground to the pick-up pallet 3, and along with the conveyor chain 114 running under the drive of the hydraulic device 4, the pick-up pallet 3 transports the peanuts to the fruit-picking and cleaning device. Feed the mouth 12, and enter the inside of the fruit picking and cleaning device from the feeding mouth 12. Peanut vines enter the inner side of the toothless fruit picking mechanism 6 on the curved surface, and rotate at a high speed with the auger shaft 21 of the toothless fruit picking mechanism 6 on the curved surface. Due to the centrifugal effect, and the quality and density of peanut pods are relatively large, most of the peanut pods are concentrated outside the curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism 6; The rotating peanut pods are separated from the fruit stalk of the peanut pods under the effect of shaking, and the fruit picking operation is completed, and fall on the vibrating screen 8 of the concave plate sieve 7 lower floors. One end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the fan 9 is lower than the other end. Therefore, during the shaking process of the vibrating screen 8, on the one hand, the sieving of soil and short stems is realized, and on the other hand, the peanuts can be positioned at the end of the fan 9. The fruit outlet of the machine rolls, and flows out from the outlet to enter the lifting fruit collection device; while peanut leaves, long stems and light impurities are blown out of the machine under the action of the fan 9. Peanuts enter the lifting plate 10 of the lifting fruit collection device, and along with the operation of the conveyor chain II, the peanuts are conveyed upward and flow out from the two discharge ports 13 at the bottom of the lifting fruit collection device; A partition is installed between the ports 13, and switching between the two discharge ports 13 is possible, that is, when the peanut bag is full, one discharge port 13 is closed to change the bag without affecting the normal operation of the machine.

Example 2:

The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester includes a power unit, a picking and conveying device, a fruit picking and cleaning device and a lifting and collecting device, and the power device is connected to the picking and conveying device, the picking and cleaning device and the lifting and collecting device respectively; The fruit picking and cleaning device is respectively connected with the picking and conveying device and the lifting and collecting device. The power unit is a tractor 1, and the side of the tractor 1 close to the lifting and collecting device is also provided with a standing board 11 for the fruit receiver.

The pick-up conveying device comprises a pick-up device, a pick-up base plate 3 and a conveying chain 14, and both sides of the pick-up device and the pick-up base plate 3 are fixed on the transport chain 14; 16 and three sets of elastic finger rods 15 evenly distributed on the same surface of the supporting plate 16, the elastic finger rods 15 are fixedly connected with the supporting plate 16 through screws 17 and nuts 18. Each set of elastic fingers 15 includes two elastic fingers 15, the elastic fingers 15 are made of nylon material, and the angle β between the elastic fingers 15 and the supporting plate 16 is 35°. The elastic finger bar 15 includes a finger bar end 19 and a finger bar root 20 connected as one, and the finger bar end 19 is fixed on the supporting plate 16 through the finger bar root 29; The included angle α between the root portions 20 is 172°. The end portion 19 of the finger bar is linear, the root portion 20 of the finger bar is arc-shaped, and the arc of the root portion 20 of the finger bar is 1.1 rad.

The fruit picking and cleaning device includes a curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism 6, a concave plate sieve 7 and a vibrating screen 8 from top to bottom, and the end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the picking and conveying device is higher than the end close to the lifting fruit collecting device; The fruit picking and cleaning device also includes an upper cover plate 5 and a fan 9, the fan 9 is located at one end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the lifting fruit collection device, and the air outlet of the fan 9 faces the other end of the vibrating screen 8. The fruit-picking auger is a toothless fruit-picking mechanism with a curved surface, including an auger shaft 21, two sets of helical auger rods 23 and four auger coupling rods, and each set of helical auger rods 23 includes two helical auger rods 23, so The middle of the two spiral stirring rods 23 is the stirring dragon plate 22. The auger coupling rod includes a bottom rod 24 and a push rod 25; the number of the bottom rods 24 is two, and the bottom end of the bottom rod 24 is connected with the auger shaft 21 and the two bottom rods 24 are 60° apart. °; the top rods 25 are connected to the tops of the two bottom rods 24 respectively. The four auger coupling rods are distributed at both ends of the auger shaft 21, and are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21; The auger shaft 21 is fixedly connected; the auger coupling rods at both ends of each set of helical auger rods 23 are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21 .

The lifting fruit collecting device includes a lifting plate 10, a conveying chain II and a discharge port 13, the two sides of the lifting plate 10 are fixed on the conveying chain, and the discharging port 13 is located at the lifting fruit collecting device The end away from the fruit picking and cleaning device.

Example 3:

The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester includes a power unit, a picking and conveying device, a fruit picking and cleaning device and a lifting and collecting device, and the power device is connected to the picking and conveying device, the picking and cleaning device and the lifting and collecting device respectively; The fruit picking and cleaning device is respectively connected with the picking and conveying device and the lifting and collecting device. The power unit is a tractor 1, and the side of the tractor 1 close to the lifting and collecting device is also provided with a standing board 11 for the fruit receiver.

The pick-up conveying device comprises a pick-up device, a pick-up base plate 3 and a conveying chain 14, and both sides of the pick-up device and the pick-up base plate 3 are fixed on the transport chain 14; 16 and three sets of elastic finger rods 15 evenly distributed on the same surface of the supporting plate 16, the elastic finger rods 15 are fixedly connected with the supporting plate 16 through screws 17 and nuts 18. Each set of elastic fingers 15 includes two elastic fingers 15, the elastic fingers 15 are made of nylon material, and the angle β between the elastic fingers 15 and the supporting plate 16 is 30°. The elastic finger bar 15 includes a finger bar end 19 and a finger bar root 20 connected as one, and the finger bar end 19 is fixed on the supporting plate 16 through the finger bar root 29; The angle α between the root portions 20 is 165°. The end portion 19 of the finger bar is linear, the root portion 20 of the finger bar is arc-shaped, and the arc of the root portion 20 of the finger bar is 0.9 rad.

The fruit picking and cleaning device includes a curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism 6, a concave plate sieve 7 and a vibrating screen 8 from top to bottom, and the end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the picking and conveying device is higher than the end close to the lifting fruit collecting device; The fruit picking and cleaning device also includes an upper cover plate 5 and a fan 9, the fan 9 is located at one end of the vibrating screen 8 close to the lifting fruit collection device, and the air outlet of the fan 9 faces the other end of the vibrating screen 8. The fruit-picking auger is a toothless fruit-picking mechanism with a curved surface, including an auger shaft 21, two sets of helical auger rods 23 and four auger coupling rods, and each set of helical auger rods 23 includes two helical auger rods 23, so The middle of the two spiral stirring rods 23 is the stirring dragon plate 22. The auger coupling rod includes a bottom rod 24 and a push rod 25; the number of the bottom rods 24 is two, and the bottom end of the bottom rod 24 is connected with the auger shaft 21 and the distance between the two bottom rods 24 is 50. °; the top rods 25 are connected to the tops of the two bottom rods 24 respectively. The four auger coupling rods are distributed at both ends of the auger shaft 21, and are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21; The auger shaft 21 is fixedly connected; the auger coupling rods at both ends of each set of helical auger rods 23 are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft 21 .

The lifting fruit collecting device includes a lifting plate 10, a conveying chain II and a discharge port 13, the two sides of the lifting plate 10 are fixed on the conveying chain, and the discharging port 13 is located at the lifting fruit collecting device The end away from the fruit picking and cleaning device.

Claims (7)

1. A knapsack peanut picking combined harvester, including a power unit, a picking and conveying device, a picking and cleaning device, and a lifting and collecting device. Connect to each other; described fruit-picking cleaning device links to each other with picking up conveying device, lifting transport fruit collecting device respectively; Described picking up conveying device comprises picking up device, picking up base plate (3) and conveying chain 1 (14), described picking up device and picking up base plate Both sides of (3) are all fixed on the conveyor chain 1 (14); the described fruit-picking cleaning device comprises fruit-picking auger, concave plate sieve (7) and vibrating screen (8) successively from top to bottom, and described vibrating screen (8) The end close to the picking and conveying device is higher than the end close to the lifting and collecting device, characterized in that: the fruit picking auger is a curved surface toothless fruit picking mechanism (6), including an auger shaft (21), a spiral stirring rod (23) and the auger coupling rod, the auger coupling rod is distributed at the two ends of the auger shaft (21), and the spiral auger rod (23) passes through the auger coupling rod and the auger shaft (21) fixedly connected; the number of the auger coupling rods is an even number, and is evenly arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft (21); the number of the helical auger rods (23) is an even number, and each group The auger coupling rods at both ends of the auger rod (23) are evenly arranged in a center-symmetric manner along the midpoint of the auger shaft (21); the auger coupling rods include a bottom rod (24) and a top rod (25); The quantity of described bottom rod (24) is two, and the bottom end of described bottom rod (24) is connected with auger shaft (21) and is certain angle between two bottom rods (24); The angle between the two bottom rods (24) of the coupling rod is 40°-60°; the top rods (25) are respectively connected to the tops of the two bottom rods (24); each set of spiral stirring rods (23) It includes two spiral stirring rods (23), and the middle of the two spiral stirring rods (23) is an auger plate (22). 2. The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of said auger coupling rods is 4, and each of the two ends of said auger shaft (21) has 2 . 3. The knapsack-type peanut picking and fruit-picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the picking-up device is a spring tooth picking-up device (2), comprising a supporting plate (16) and being fixed on the supporting plate (16). The elastic finger bar (15), the angle β between the elastic finger bar (15) and the supporting plate (16) is 20°-35°; the elastic finger bar (15) includes a finger bar connected as one end (19) and finger bar root (20), the finger bar end (19) is fixed on the supporting plate (16) through the finger bar root (20); the finger bar end (19) is linear , the root of the finger (20) is arc-shaped; the angle α between the end of the finger (19) and the root of the finger (20) is 158°-172°, and the root of the finger (20 ) has an arc of 0.7rad-1.1rad. 4. The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: said elastic finger bar (15) is fixedly connected with supporting plate (16) by screws (17) and nuts (18); The quantity of said elastic finger rods (15) is 3 groups, and said each group of elastic finger rods (15) comprises two elastic finger rods (15), and said multiple groups of elastic finger rods (15) are evenly distributed on the supporting plate (16 ) on the same face; the material of the elastic finger bar (15) is nylon. 5. The knapsack peanut picking combined harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fruit picking and cleaning device also includes a fan (9), and the fan (9) is located on the vibrating screen (8) close to the lift Transport one end of the fruit collecting device, and the air outlet of the fan (9) faces the other end of the vibrating screen (8). 6. The knapsack peanut picking fruit combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting fruit collecting device comprises a lifting plate (10), a conveying chain II and a discharge port (13), the Both sides of the lifting plate (10) are fixed on the conveyor chain II, and the discharge port (13) is located at the end of the lifting fruit collecting device away from the fruit picking and cleaning device. 7. The knapsack-type peanut picking and fruit-picking combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power unit is a tractor (1), and one side of the lifting and fruit-collecting device is also provided with a fruit harvester for fruit harvesters. standing board (11).