CN103017238B - Biomass electric power plant Waste Heat Recovery heating system - Google Patents
Biomass electric power plant Waste Heat Recovery heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103017238B CN103017238B CN201210583020.7A CN201210583020A CN103017238B CN 103017238 B CN103017238 B CN 103017238B CN 201210583020 A CN201210583020 A CN 201210583020A CN 103017238 B CN103017238 B CN 103017238B
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种热回收装置,尤其涉及一种生物质电厂循环冷却水、烟气、炉渣废热回收供热系统。The invention relates to a heat recovery device, in particular to a biomass power plant circulation cooling water, flue gas and slag waste heat recovery heating system.
背景技术Background technique
生物质发电厂的循环冷却水热能通过冷却塔、烟气热通过烟囱排入大气形成巨大的热能损失、炉渣热能通过灰渣排入环境,是生物质发电厂能源使用效率低下的主要原因,不仅造成能量和水或电的浪费,同时也严重地污染了环境和大气。生物质发电厂与燃煤火力发电厂一个重要区别就在于生物质发电厂的燃烧废气中含硫量极低,冷凝后也不会形成硫酸,腐蚀设备。所以生物质电厂对其所排放的烟风没有一定的温度要求,完全可以将烟风中的热量加以回收利用。The heat energy of the circulating cooling water of the biomass power plant passes through the cooling tower, the heat of the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, resulting in huge heat loss, and the heat energy of the slag is discharged into the environment through the ash, which is the main reason for the low efficiency of energy use in the biomass power plant. Cause the waste of energy and water or electricity, also pollute environment and atmosphere seriously simultaneously. An important difference between biomass power plants and coal-fired thermal power plants is that the sulfur content in the combustion waste gas of biomass power plants is extremely low, and sulfuric acid will not be formed after condensation, which will corrode equipment. Therefore, the biomass power plant does not have certain temperature requirements for the flue gas it emits, and the heat in the flue gas can be completely recycled.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术中循环冷却水、烟气、炉渣等废热难以回收与利用的问题,提供了一种采用热泵技术、烟气换热器、炉渣换热器回收生物质电厂废热的供热系统。The invention aims at the problem that waste heat such as circulating cooling water, flue gas, and slag is difficult to recover and utilize in the prior art, and provides a heat supply system that uses heat pump technology, flue gas heat exchanger, and slag heat exchanger to recover waste heat from biomass power plants system.
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过下述技术方案得以解决:In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved through the following technical solutions:
一种生物质电厂废热回收供热系统,包括蒸汽管路、循环冷却水管路、内循环管路,还包括供热管路,所述的供热管路连接炉渣换热器,经过水水换热器吸收热量后,连接到热用户端。锅炉炉渣中含有大量余热,供热管路通过炉渣换热器回收炉渣中的余热,并经过水水换热器回收锅炉烟风和冷却水中的余热,进而输送到热用户端,实现废热回收和供热。A biomass power plant waste heat recovery heat supply system, including steam pipelines, circulating cooling water pipelines, internal circulation pipelines, and heat supply pipelines, the heat supply pipelines are connected to slag heat exchangers, and after water exchange After the heater absorbs the heat, it is connected to the heat user. Boiler slag contains a large amount of waste heat. The heat supply pipeline recovers waste heat in slag through the slag heat exchanger, and recovers boiler flue air and waste heat in cooling water through the water-water heat exchanger, and then transports it to the heat user end to realize waste heat recovery and heating.
作为优选,本发明还包括烟气换热管路,所述的烟气换热管路设有烟气换热器,经过烟气换热器获得的高温热水作为吸收式热泵的驱动热源,吸收式热泵吸收循环冷却水废热,通过烟气换热器进一步升温后通过水水换热器送到热用户。所述烟气换热管路经过烟气换热器进行吸热,再连接到吸收热泵进行放热,而后通过烟气换热循环泵的作用,烟气换热管路循环回收烟气中的废热,并提供给吸收热泵做驱动热源和进一步提升吸收式热泵输出的热水温度。Preferably, the present invention also includes a flue gas heat exchange pipeline, the flue gas heat exchange pipeline is provided with a flue gas heat exchanger, and the high-temperature hot water obtained through the flue gas heat exchanger is used as the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump, The absorption heat pump absorbs the waste heat of the circulating cooling water, and sends it to the heat user through the water-to-water heat exchanger after further heating through the flue gas heat exchanger. The flue gas heat exchange pipeline absorbs heat through the flue gas heat exchanger, and then connects to the absorption heat pump for heat release, and then through the action of the flue gas heat exchange circulation pump, the flue gas heat exchange pipeline circulates and recovers the The waste heat is provided to the absorption heat pump as a driving heat source and further increases the temperature of hot water output by the absorption heat pump.
作为优选,所述的内循环管路经过吸收热泵、烟气换热器以及水水换热器,水水换热器连接内循环泵,形成循环管路。内循环管路通过循环冷却水管路上的吸收热泵以及烟气换热管路上的烟气换热器进行热交换获取热能,然后通过水水换热器将获得的热能以热交换的方式传递给供热管路。Preferably, the internal circulation pipeline passes through an absorption heat pump, a flue gas heat exchanger and a water-water heat exchanger, and the water-water heat exchanger is connected to the internal circulation pump to form a circulation pipeline. The internal circulation pipeline obtains heat energy through heat exchange through the absorption heat pump on the circulating cooling water pipeline and the flue gas heat exchanger on the flue gas heat exchange pipeline, and then transfers the obtained heat energy to the supply unit in the form of heat exchange through the water-to-water heat exchanger. heat pipes.
作为优选,所述的蒸汽管路连接汽机与凝汽器。Preferably, the steam pipeline connects the steam turbine and the condenser.
作为优选,所述的蒸汽管路的蒸汽经过汽机做功,将汽机排出的乏汽输送至凝汽器,乏汽经过凝汽器将热能传递给循环冷却水管路中的冷却水后凝水排出。Preferably, the steam in the steam pipeline passes through the turbine to perform work, and the exhaust steam discharged from the turbine is transported to the condenser, and the exhaust steam passes through the condenser to transfer heat energy to the cooling water in the circulating cooling water pipeline, and then the condensate is discharged.
作为优选,所述的循环冷却水管路从冷却循环水池开始,经过冷却循环泵、凝汽器、吸收热泵以后回到冷却循环水池。所述的循环冷却水管路中还设有循环冷却水泵。通过内循环管路将吸收式热泵吸收的循环冷却水管路中的热能传递给供热管路,提高了热能的利用率。Preferably, the circulating cooling water pipeline starts from the cooling circulating water pool, returns to the cooling circulating water pool after passing through the cooling circulating pump, the condenser, and the absorption heat pump. A circulating cooling water pump is also provided in the circulating cooling water pipeline. The heat energy in the circulating cooling water pipeline absorbed by the absorption heat pump is transferred to the heating pipeline through the internal circulation pipeline, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat energy.
作为优选,所述的内循环管路上还设有内循环泵,所述的内循环泵设置在吸收式热泵与水水换热器之间。Preferably, an internal circulation pump is further provided on the internal circulation pipeline, and the internal circulation pump is arranged between the absorption heat pump and the water-to-water heat exchanger.
作为优选,所述的供热管路上还设有供热循环泵,所述的供热循环泵设置在炉渣换热器与水水换热器之间。As a preference, a heat supply circulation pump is further provided on the heat supply pipeline, and the heat supply circulation pump is arranged between the slag heat exchanger and the water-water heat exchanger.
本发明通过采用吸收式热泵技术回收生物质电厂循环冷却水废热、烟气换热器回收烟风废热、炉渣换热器回收炉渣中的废热,并提供给生活、工作用热,具有热能回收利用率高,节能环保的优点。The invention recovers the waste heat of the circulating cooling water of the biomass power plant by adopting the absorption heat pump technology, the flue gas heat exchanger recovers the waste heat of the flue gas, and the slag heat exchanger recovers the waste heat in the slag, and provides heat for life and work, and has the function of heat energy recovery and utilization The advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
其中:1-蒸汽管路、2-循环冷却水管路、3-烟气换热管路、4-内循环管路、5-供热管路、6-烟气换热器、7-吸收热泵、9-水水换热器、10-炉渣换热器、11-汽机、12-凝汽器、21-循环冷却水池、22-循环冷却水泵、31-烟气换热循环泵、41-内循环泵、52-供热循环泵、51-终端热用户。Among them: 1-steam pipeline, 2-circulating cooling water pipeline, 3-flue gas heat exchange pipeline, 4-internal circulation pipeline, 5-heating pipeline, 6-flue gas heat exchanger, 7-absorption heat pump , 9-water-water heat exchanger, 10-slag heat exchanger, 11-turbine, 12-condenser, 21-circulating cooling water pool, 22-circulating cooling water pump, 31-flue gas heat exchange circulating pump, 41-internal Circulation pump, 52-heat supply circulation pump, 51-terminal heat user.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图1与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
一种生物质电厂废热回收供热系统,如图1所示,包括蒸汽管路1、循环冷却水管路2、烟气换热管路3、内循环管路4以及供热管路5。A biomass power plant waste heat recovery heating system, as shown in FIG.
所述的蒸汽管路1连接汽机11与凝汽器12;循环冷却水管路2从冷却循环水池21开始,经过循环冷却水泵、凝汽器12、吸收热泵7后回到冷却循环水池21。蒸汽管路1的蒸汽经过汽机11做功后,将汽机11排出的乏汽输送至凝汽器12,乏汽经过凝汽器12将热能传递给循环冷却水管路2,带有热能的循环冷却水经过吸收热泵7吸收并升温后与内循环管路4进行热交换,内循环管路4通过经烟气换热器6进一步升温后经水水换热器9将热能传递给供热管路5。The steam pipeline 1 connects the steam turbine 11 and the condenser 12; the circulating cooling water pipeline 2 starts from the cooling circulating water pool 21, passes through the circulating cooling water pump, the condenser 12, and the absorption heat pump 7 and returns to the cooling circulating water pool 21. After the steam in the steam pipeline 1 passes through the turbine 11 to do work, the exhaust steam discharged from the turbine 11 is transported to the condenser 12, and the exhaust steam passes through the condenser 12 to transfer heat energy to the circulating cooling water pipeline 2, and the circulating cooling water with heat energy After being absorbed by the absorption heat pump 7 and heated up, it exchanges heat with the internal circulation pipeline 4, and the internal circulation pipeline 4 passes through the flue gas heat exchanger 6 to further heat up and then transfers heat energy to the heat supply pipeline 5 through the water-water heat exchanger 9 .
循环冷却水管路2经过吸收热泵7吸收循环冷却水的热能并升温进行进一步的热能交换,通过内循环管路4将吸收热泵7吸收循环冷却水的热能升温后经烟气换热器6进一步升温后经水水换热器9将热能传递给供热管路5。提高了热能的利用率。循环冷却水管路2上设有循环冷却水泵22,循环冷却水泵22设置在冷却循环水池21与凝汽器12之间。循环冷却水管路2经过吸收热泵7释放热能。The circulating cooling water pipeline 2 absorbs the heat energy of the circulating cooling water through the absorption heat pump 7 and heats up for further heat energy exchange. The heat energy of the circulating cooling water absorbed by the absorption heat pump 7 is raised through the internal circulation pipeline 4, and then the temperature is further raised through the flue gas heat exchanger 6 Afterwards, the heat energy is transferred to the heat supply pipeline 5 through the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 . The utilization rate of heat energy is improved. A circulating cooling water pump 22 is provided on the circulating cooling water pipeline 2 , and the circulating cooling water pump 22 is arranged between the cooling circulating water pool 21 and the condenser 12 . The circulating cooling water pipeline 2 releases heat energy through the absorption heat pump 7 .
蒸汽管路1的蒸汽经过汽机11做功后,将汽机11排出的乏汽输送至凝汽器12,乏汽经过凝汽器12将热能传递给循环冷却水管路2中的冷却水后变成凝水排出。锅炉产生的蒸汽在汽机中作功,在这个热媒的循环过程中,需要放出大量的冷凝热,经汽机作功后的乏汽通过排汽进入凝汽器12,在凝汽器12冷凝的过程中释放热能并凝结成水再经回热后进入锅炉,此时,经过凝汽器12、循环冷却水管路2中的冷却水温度升高。After the steam in the steam pipeline 1 passes through the turbine 11 to do work, the exhaust steam discharged from the turbine 11 is transported to the condenser 12, and the exhaust steam passes through the condenser 12 to transfer heat energy to the cooling water in the circulating cooling water pipeline 2, and then becomes condensed Water drains. The steam produced by the boiler does work in the steam turbine. During the circulation of the heat medium, a large amount of condensation heat needs to be released. The exhausted steam after the work of the steam turbine enters the condenser 12 through the exhaust steam, and the condensed steam in the condenser 12 During the process, heat energy is released and condensed into water, which then enters the boiler after reheating. At this time, the temperature of the cooling water passing through the condenser 12 and the circulating cooling water pipeline 2 increases.
所述的烟气换热管路3设有烟气换热器6,烟气换热管路3的热媒水经烟气换热器6升温后作为7的驱动热源,经过吸收热泵热吸收后,回到烟气换热器6。所述的烟气换热管路中还设有循环泵31。所述烟气换热管路经过烟气换热器6进行吸热,使烟气换热管路3中的水温达到145℃以上,进而连接到吸收热泵7做驱动热源释放热量,而后通过循环泵31的作用,烟气换热管路3循环回收烟气中的废热。烟气换热管路3中的热水作为吸收热泵7的驱动热源,吸收热泵7吸收循环冷却水废热并升温送入内循环管路4,内循环管路4经烟气换热器6再升温后通过水水换热器9将热能传递给供热管路5。The flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 is provided with a flue gas heat exchanger 6, and the heat medium water in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 is heated up by the flue gas heat exchanger 6 as the driving heat source of 7, and is absorbed by the absorption heat pump. After that, return to the flue gas heat exchanger 6. A circulation pump 31 is also provided in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline. The flue gas heat exchange pipeline absorbs heat through the flue gas heat exchanger 6, so that the water temperature in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 reaches above 145°C, and then connects to the absorption heat pump 7 as a driving heat source to release heat, and then circulates With the function of the pump 31, the flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 circulates and recovers the waste heat in the flue gas. The hot water in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 is used as the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 7, and the absorption heat pump 7 absorbs the waste heat of the circulating cooling water and sends it to the internal circulation pipeline 4, and the internal circulation pipeline 4 passes through the flue gas heat exchanger 6 and then After the temperature rises, the heat energy is transferred to the heat supply pipeline 5 through the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 .
所述的内循环管路4,经过内循环泵41、吸收热泵7、烟气换热器6以及水水换热器9。内循环管路4通过循环冷却水管路2上的吸收热泵7、烟气换热管路3中的烟气换热器6进行热交换获取热能,然后通过水水换热器9将获得的热能以热交换的方式传递给供热管路5。内循环管路4上设有内循环泵41,内循环泵41设置在吸收热泵7与水水换热器9之间。内循环管路4内的水经过吸收热泵7升温达到90℃左右;然后经过烟气换热器6,由于烟气中的温度更高,可以将内循环管路4内的水加热至105℃以上;最后,内循环管路4内的水进入水水换热器9释放热能供热后回水温度下降至50℃以下。The internal circulation pipeline 4 passes through an internal circulation pump 41 , an absorption heat pump 7 , a flue gas heat exchanger 6 and a water-to-water heat exchanger 9 . The internal circulation pipeline 4 performs heat exchange through the absorption heat pump 7 on the circulating cooling water pipeline 2 and the flue gas heat exchanger 6 in the flue gas heat exchange pipeline 3 to obtain heat energy, and then passes the obtained heat energy through the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 It is transferred to the heat supply pipeline 5 in the form of heat exchange. An internal circulation pump 41 is provided on the internal circulation pipeline 4 , and the internal circulation pump 41 is arranged between the absorption heat pump 7 and the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 . The water in the internal circulation pipeline 4 is heated up to about 90°C through the absorption heat pump 7; and then through the flue gas heat exchanger 6, because the temperature in the flue gas is higher, the water in the internal circulation pipeline 4 can be heated to 105°C above; finally, the water in the internal circulation pipeline 4 enters the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 to release heat energy for heating, and then the return water temperature drops below 50°C.
所述的供热管路5连接热用户端51和炉渣换热器10,经过水水换热器9后回到终端热用户51。所述的炉渣换热器10通过热交换的方式回收锅炉废渣中的余热。供热管路5上设有供热循环泵52,供热循环泵52设置在水水换热器9与炉渣换热器10之间。供热管路5中的热能通过水水换热器9和炉渣换热器10获得。供热管路5经过炉渣换热器10后水温升高到50℃以上,进而经过水水换热器9后再次吸收热能,水温达到70℃以上送到终端热用户51。The heat supply pipeline 5 is connected to the heat user end 51 and the slag heat exchanger 10 , and returns to the terminal heat user 51 after passing through the water-water heat exchanger 9 . The slag heat exchanger 10 recovers waste heat in boiler waste slag through heat exchange. A heat supply circulation pump 52 is provided on the heat supply pipeline 5 , and the heat supply circulation pump 52 is arranged between the water-water heat exchanger 9 and the slag heat exchanger 10 . The heat energy in the heat supply pipeline 5 is obtained through a water-to-water heat exchanger 9 and a slag heat exchanger 10 . After the heat supply pipeline 5 passes through the slag heat exchanger 10, the water temperature rises to above 50°C, and then passes through the water-to-water heat exchanger 9 to absorb heat energy again, and the water temperature reaches above 70°C and is sent to the end heat user 51.
本发明通过热交换方式,回收生物质电厂烟风、炉渣以及冷却水中的余热,并用以生活生产供热,具有热能回收利用率高,节能环保等优点。The invention recovers waste heat from flue air, slag and cooling water of a biomass power plant through heat exchange, and uses it to provide heat for living and production, and has the advantages of high heat energy recycling rate, energy saving and environmental protection.
以上对本发明所提供的生物质电厂废热回收供热系统进行了详细介绍,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明实施例的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,可依据实际需要做相应变化。综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The biomass power plant waste heat recovery heating system provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application range. Changes can be made according to actual needs. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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