CN103012830A - Method for preparing porous starch and product produced by same - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous starch and product produced by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103012830A CN103012830A CN2012105490582A CN201210549058A CN103012830A CN 103012830 A CN103012830 A CN 103012830A CN 2012105490582 A CN2012105490582 A CN 2012105490582A CN 201210549058 A CN201210549058 A CN 201210549058A CN 103012830 A CN103012830 A CN 103012830A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing porous starch and a product produced by the same and belongs to the field of foods and chemical industry. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing certain energy and a certain dose of rays to irradiate starch; carrying out size mixing on the irradiated starch by water to ensure emulsion concentration to be in the range of 20 to 50 weight percent; oscillating and stirring for 0.5 to 4 hours at a normal temperature; carrying out centrifugal dewatering; and drying to obtain the solid powder-shaped porous starch. In the method disclosed by the invention, no enzyme is used, the pH value of solution does not need to be regulated, and the preparation process and the steps are simplified. In the method disclosed by the invention, no any biochemical reagent is introduced; and the method is safe, nontoxic, simple and rapid.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to method of a kind of porous-starch preparation and products thereof, belong to food and chemical field.Utilize specifically the x ray irradiation x starch of certain energy, doses, normal-temperature distilled water modulation starch milk, vibration, the dry method for preparing porous-starch.
Two, background technology
Porous-starch claims again micropore starch, is a kind of in the modified starch.Porous-starch is with life starch granules degradation treatment under certain condition, the particulate matter with porous adsorption property of formation.Porous-starch has larger specific pore volume, specific surface area because of it, can be at dry-matter state absorption liquid state or solid matter.Under drying conditions, porous-starch has good physical strength, is dispersed in water and other solvent to keep obvious structural integrity.Do not introduce harmful chemical reagent in the course of processing, so porous-starch can be used as sorbent material, embedding medium of functional substance (medicament, essence and flavoring agent, health substance etc.) etc. and is widely used in food, chemical industry, medicine and the field such as agriculture.
At present, bibliographical information has 3 kinds of methods to prepare micropore starch: physical method (ultrasonic wave, microwave, spraying), machinery side (mechanical impact, ball milling) and biochemical method (pure sex change, acid hydrolysis, enzymolysis).In this several method, the method energy consumptions such as ultrasonic wave, microwave and mechanical impact are high, and the productive rate of porous-starch is low; And the micropore starch that spray method and pure degeneration methods form is a kind of solid sphere, and adsorption only occurs in the gully of surface irregularity, and adsorptive capacity is limited; Acid-hydrolysis method speed of reaction under gelatinization point is slow, and degraded differs, and randomness is strong, is difficult for forming poroid; Therefore with regard to present studies show that, what have practical value most is enzymolysis process.The currently known methods that enzymolysis process prepares porous-starch comprises the steps: 1) the particulate form ative starch sizes mixing; 2) enzymolysis under the gelatinization point; 3) porous-starch of filtration washing, dehydration, dry system.
Enzyme is the specific proteins that a class has the height catalytic activity.Each enzyme has an only action condition.Only under this action condition, enzyme could show maximum activity.When working conditions exceeds action condition, the catalysis activity of enzyme will reduce greatly.In the traditional technology of the enzymolysis process of porous-starch preparation, hydrolysis temperature should be lower than gelatinization point (＜50 ℃).
The commodity starch zymin of commonly using at present, there are several classes can be used for enzymolysis and prepare porous-starch: 1) α-amylase, be also referred to as α-amylase, the optimum temperature of mesophilicα-diastase is 60～70 ℃, and the optimum temperature of high temperature resistant α-amylase is more than 90 ℃; 2) saccharifying enzyme has glucoamylase (optimum temperature is 55～65 ℃), beta-amylase (optimum temperature is 55～65 ℃) etc. multiple; 3) debranching factor is such as Pullulanase (optimum temperature is 55～65 ℃).As seen in the known enzyme preparation technique of porous-starch, hydrolysis temperature is lower than the optimum temperature of extensive stock zymin.So the enzyme digestion reaction speed of currently known methods is very slow, hydrolysis degree is less, and porousness is relatively poor.Therefore, in order to improve enzyme digestion reaction speed, efficient and Starch Hydrolysis degree, adopted many methods to be improved, as processing starch with acid, heat, lyophilize or sodium laurylsulfonate, prolonged enzymolysis time (〉 24 hours), increase enzyme dosage etc.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The object of the invention is to the defective for the prior art existence, the method that provides a kind of irradiation method to prepare porous-starch is utilized the x ray irradiation x starch of certain energy, doses, distilled water modulation starch milk, vibration or stirring (＜2 hours) under the normal temperature, dehydration, dry preparation porous-starch.
Technical scheme
The method that irradiation method of the present invention prepares porous-starch comprises the steps:
1) irradiated starch: take by weighing starch, to the starch gamma-ray irradiation, irradiation absorption dose scope is 10～500 kGy, uses silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process in normal temperature, aerobic environment or the air
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage and follows the tracks of the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25;
2) the irradiated starch water is sized mixing, starch concentration weight ratio 20%～50%, and normal temperature shakes or stirred 0.5～4 hour;
3) centrifuge dehydration, drying obtain the porous-starch of solid powdery.
Irradiation ray described in the present invention is radionuclide
60The gamma-rays that radiates during the Co decay, its average energy is 1.25 MeV.
Starch material described in the present invention is one or more in rice, corn, wheat, cassava, potato, the Ipomoea batatas.
Drying described in the present invention can adopt pneumatic dryer or other moisture eliminators to carry out drying, obtains porous-starch.
Beneficial effect
The Production Flow Chart of the inventive method can be divided into three parts: starch irradiation, particulate form irradiated starch are sized mixing and are dry.The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
1) increased the irradiation process of starch.In the air starch is carried out radiation treatment, gamma-rays has very high energy, exceeds up to a million times than chemical bond energy.In air (under the aerobic environment), gamma-ray irradiation can destroy the crystalline texture of starch high-sequential, introduces Sauerstoffatom at starch particle surface, directly cracks and micropore on the surface of starch granules.The method safety, efficient, economy, environmental protection.
2) need not enzymolysis step, reduced cost, simplified technical process, reduced the time of preparation.
3) direct water is with irradiated starch furnishing starch milk.Do not introduce enzyme and other biochemical reagents, therefore do not need filtration, washing process.The method safety, environmental protection, technique are simple.
Four, description of drawings
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Corn Porous Starch under Fig. 1 10 kGy irradiation doses.
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Porous Potato Starch under Fig. 2 80 kGy irradiation doses.
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Corn Porous Starch under Fig. 3 200 kGy irradiation doses.
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of Corn Porous Starch under Fig. 4 50 kGy irradiation doses.
Five, embodiment
Below further specify the present invention by case study on implementation.
Case study on implementation 1
1,
10kGyIrradiation dose
60 Co-γ-The x ray irradiation x W-Gum
Irradiation radiation cobalt source strength is 29.6PBq.Take by weighing W-Gum and pack in the centrifuge tube, irradiation dose is 10kGy.Irradiation under nature, the room temperature condition is used silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage and follows the tracks of the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25; W-Gum room temperature storage behind the irradiation is for subsequent use.
2, preparation Corn Porous Starch
Take by weighing the irradiation W-Gum, dispersed with stirring is in water, and starch concentration is 20%(w/w).Stirring at normal temperature 4 hours places (3000r/min) centrifugal 30min in the centrifuge tube, takes off a layer starch vacuum-drying after the separation, obtains the Corn Porous Starch (pattern is seen Fig. 1) about the 400nm of aperture.
Case study on implementation 2
1,
80kGyIrradiation dose
60 Co-γ-The x ray irradiation x yam starch
Irradiation radiation cobalt source strength is 29.6PBq.Take by weighing yam starch and pack in the centrifuge tube, irradiation dose is 80kGy.Irradiation under nature, the room temperature condition is used silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage and follows the tracks of the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25; Yam starch room temperature storage behind the irradiation is for subsequent use.
2, preparation Porous Potato Starch
Take by weighing the irradiation yam starch, dispersed with stirring is in water, and starch concentration is 30%(w/w).Stirring at normal temperature 2 hours places (3000r/min) centrifugal 30min in the centrifuge tube, takes off 60 ℃ of vacuum-dryings of layer starch (Hangzhou remittance that DZF-6020 type vacuum drying oven) after the separation, obtains the Porous Potato Starch (pattern is seen Fig. 2) about the 200nm of aperture.
Embodiment 3
1,
50kGyIrradiation dose
60 Co-γ-The x ray irradiation x W-Gum
Irradiation radiation cobalt source strength is 29.6PBq.Take by weighing W-Gum and pack in the centrifuge tube, irradiation dose is 50kGy.Irradiation under nature, the room temperature condition is used silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage and follows the tracks of the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25; The W-Gum room temperature storage is for subsequent use behind the irradiation.
2, preparation Corn Porous Starch
Take by weighing the irradiation W-Gum, dispersed with stirring is in water, and newborn concentration is 40%(w/w).Normal temperature concussion 1 hour places (3000r/min) centrifugal 30min in the centrifuge tube, takes off a layer starch forced air drying after the separation, obtains the Corn Porous Starch (pattern is seen Fig. 3) about the 500nm of aperture.
Embodiment 4
1,
200kGyIrradiation dose
60 Co-γ-The x ray irradiation x W-Gum
Irradiation radiation cobalt source strength is 29.6PBq.Take by weighing W-Gum and pack in the centrifuge tube, irradiation dose is 200kGy.Irradiation under nature, the room temperature condition is used silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage and follows the tracks of the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25; The W-Gum room temperature storage is for subsequent use behind the irradiation.
2, preparation Corn Porous Starch
Take by weighing the irradiation W-Gum, dispersed with stirring is in water, and newborn concentration is 50%(w/w).Normal temperature concussion 30 minutes places (3000r/min) centrifugal 30min in the centrifuge tube, takes off a layer starch forced air drying after the separation, obtains the Corn Porous Starch (pattern is seen Fig. 4) about the 1 μ m of aperture.
Claims (3)
1. a method for preparing porous-starch is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) take by weighing starch, to the starch gamma-ray irradiation, irradiation absorption dose scope is 10～500 kGy, uses silver dichromate Ag in irradiation process in normal temperature, aerobic environment or the air
2Cr
2O
7Quantimeter carries out dosage to be followed the tracks of, and the ratio of maximum absorbed dose and minimal absorption dosage＜1.25 obtain irradiated starch;
2) the irradiated starch water is sized mixing, starch concentration weight ratio 20%～50%, and normal temperature shakes or stirred 0.5～4 hour;
3) centrifuge dehydration, drying obtain the porous-starch of solid powdery.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described gamma-rays is to adopt radionuclide
60The gamma-rays that radiates during the Co decay, its average energy is 1.25 MeV.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described starch is more than in rice, corn, wheat, cassava, potato, the Ipomoea batatas one or more.
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| CN2012105490582A CN103012830A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Method for preparing porous starch and product produced by same |
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| CN2012105490582A CN103012830A (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2012-12-18 | Method for preparing porous starch and product produced by same |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103881148A (en) * | 2014-02-23 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method for radiated corn starch-based biodegradation particles |
| CN107573421A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of preparation method of high-performance converted starch |
| CN108186414A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-06-22 | 高莹 | Oil-control cosmetic |
| CN108329508A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-27 | 高莹 | Porous-starch and its application in the food industry |
-
2012
- 2012-12-18 CN CN2012105490582A patent/CN103012830A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《光谱实验室》 20121125 李澧等 60Co-gamma-射线辐照法修饰玉米淀粉 3909-3912 1-3 第29卷, 第6期 * |
| 李澧等: "60Co-γ-射线辐照法修饰玉米淀粉", 《光谱实验室》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103881148A (en) * | 2014-02-23 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method for radiated corn starch-based biodegradation particles |
| CN107573421A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of preparation method of high-performance converted starch |
| CN107573421B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method of high-performance modified starch |
| CN108186414A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-06-22 | 高莹 | Oil-control cosmetic |
| CN108329508A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-27 | 高莹 | Porous-starch and its application in the food industry |
| CN108186414B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-05-07 | 前研化妆品科技(上海)有限公司 | Oil-control cosmetic |
| CN108329508B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-05-11 | 东莞市华美食品有限公司 | Porous starch and application thereof in food industry |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |