CN103007719A - Double-circulation ammonia process type smoke decarbonization device - Google Patents

Abstract

A double-cycle flue gas ammonia method decarbonization device, which relates to a flue gas decarbonization device. The present invention solves the problem that the existing ammonia method absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas emitted by a power plant. The absorption efficiency is not high, and the device is prone to clogging problem. The inlet of the first circulation pump is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower, the outlet of the first circulation pump is connected with the ammonia water nozzle through the pipeline, the inlet of the second circulation pump is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower, and the second circulation The outlet of the pump is connected with the separator and the dryer in turn through the pipeline, the upper end of the separator is connected with the lower side wall of the absorption tower through the pipeline, and the lower end of the liquid collector is connected with the fourth circulation pump arranged outside the absorption tower. The upper side wall of the liquid processor arranged outside the absorption tower is communicated, and the inlet of the third circulation pump is communicated with the lower end side wall of the liquid processor through a pipeline. The invention is used for absorbing carbon dioxide in flue gas discharged from power plants.

Description

A double-circulation flue gas ammonia method decarbonization device

technical field

The invention relates to a flue gas decarbonization device.

Background technique

In recent years, the greenhouse effect has gradually become one of the most serious problems faced by mankind, and carbon dioxide is one of the most important factors causing the greenhouse effect. In human activities, the vast majority of carbon dioxide is emitted from power plants. It is easy to know by calculation that a thermal power plant can emit two tons of carbon dioxide per hour. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in the flue gas of power plants. .

At present, carbon dioxide absorption methods are mainly divided into two categories: physical and chemical. Physical methods generally include adsorption separation, pressure swing adsorption, membrane permeation, and solvent absorption, while chemical methods include chemical absorption. However, these methods inevitably have problems such as low absorption efficiency and high operating costs. Therefore, the advantages of ammonia absorption of carbon dioxide have gradually been noticed. However, the existing devices for absorbing carbon dioxide in flue gas discharged from power plants by ammonia method have the defects that the absorption efficiency is not high, and the devices are prone to blockage.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of low absorption efficiency and easy blockage of existing devices for absorbing carbon dioxide in flue gas discharged from power plants by ammonia method, and further provides a double-cycle flue gas ammonia method decarburization device.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A double-cycle flue gas ammonia method decarbonization device includes an absorption tower, a separator, a dryer, a liquid processor, a first circulation pump, a second circulation pump, a third circulation pump and a fourth circulation pump, and the absorption tower consists of the upper A double-layer water film, an ammonia water filter layer, a liquid collector and an ammonia water nozzle are arranged in sequence from the bottom, a sedimentation tank is arranged at the bottom of the absorption tower, a flue gas inlet is arranged on the side wall at the lower end of the absorption tower, and a flue gas inlet is arranged at the upper end of the absorption tower. Gas outlet, the inlet of the first circulation pump is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower, the outlet of the first circulation pump is connected with the ammonia water nozzle through the pipeline, and the inlet of the second circulation pump is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower, The outlet of the second circulation pump is connected with the separator and the dryer in turn through the pipeline, the upper end of the separator is connected with the lower side wall of the absorption tower through the pipeline, and the lower end of the liquid collector is connected with the fourth The circulation pump communicates with the upper end side wall of the liquid processor arranged outside the absorption tower, the inlet of the third circulation pump communicates with the lower end side wall of the liquid processor through a pipeline, and the other end of the third circulation pump communicates with the lower end side wall of the liquid processor through a pipeline. The side wall of the absorption tower corresponding to the ammonia water filter layer is connected, and the lower end of the liquid processor is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower through a pipeline.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the flue gas enters the absorption tower from the flue gas inlet, the ammonia water nozzle sprays the ammonia water downward, the ammonia water reacts with part of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas to form a mixture of various substances, and the mixture falls into the In the sedimentation tank, the mixture enters the separator under the action of the second circulation pump, the separator separates the solid crystals in the mixture and enters the dryer for drying, and the liquid objects in the mixture return to the ammonia water under the action of the first circulation pump The nozzle absorbs the carbon dioxide in the flue gas again; the flue gas flows to the ammonia water filter layer after being sprayed by the ammonia water nozzle, and chemically reacts with the ammonia water in the ammonia water filter layer, and the reacted flue gas passes through the filtration of the double-layer water membrane After the action, it is discharged from the absorption tower, and the reacted mixture falls into the liquid collector, and enters the liquid processor through the action of the fourth circulation pump. After being treated by the liquid processor, a part of the liquid flows into the ammonia water filter layer through the third circulation pump to circulate and absorb smoke. The carbon dioxide in the gas, another part of the liquid flows into the absorption tower from the lower end of the liquid processor to be recycled. The present invention can absorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas twice, and the absorption efficiency is high. Moreover, the device of the present invention has good permeability and is not easy to absorb. Blockage occurs.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the decarburization device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment 1: In conjunction with Fig. 1, a double-cycle flue gas ammonia method decarbonization device in this embodiment includes an absorption tower 1, a separator 2, a dryer 3, a liquid processor 4, a first circulation pump 5, a second The second circulation pump 6, the third circulation pump 7 and the fourth circulation pump 8, the absorption tower 1 is provided with a double-layer water film 1-1, an ammonia water filter layer 1-2, a liquid collector 1-3 and Ammonia water nozzle 1-4, the bottom of absorption tower 1 is provided with settling tank 1-5, the sidewall of absorption tower 1 lower end is provided with flue gas inlet 1-6, and the upper end of absorption tower 1 is provided with flue gas outlet 1-7, The inlet of the first circulation pump 5 is communicated with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower 1, the outlet of the first circulation pump 5 is communicated with the ammonia water spray nozzle 1-4 by pipeline, the entrance of the second circulation pump 6 is connected with the lower end of the absorption tower 1 The side walls are connected, the outlet of the second circulation pump 6 is connected with the separator 2 and the dryer 3 in turn through the pipeline, the upper end of the separator 2 is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower 1 through the pipeline, and the liquid collector 1 The lower end of -3 communicates with the upper end sidewall of the liquid handler 4 arranged outside the absorption tower 1 by the fourth circulation pump 8 arranged outside the absorption tower 1, and the inlet of the third circulation pump 7 communicates with the liquid handler through a pipeline The side wall of the lower end of 4 is communicated and connected, and the other end of the third circulation pump 7 is communicated with the side wall of the absorption tower 1 corresponding to the ammonia water filter layer 1-2 place through the pipeline, and the lower end of the liquid processor 4 is connected with the absorption tower 1 through the pipeline. The lower side walls are connected.

Specific Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 1 , the lower side wall of the liquid processor 4 in this embodiment is provided with an ammonia water addition pipe 4 - 1 . With such an arrangement, ammonia water can be added to the liquid processor 4, which solves the problem of low absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide absorbed by spraying, and makes the effect of absorbing carbon dioxide in flue gas better. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Working principle: the flue gas enters the absorption tower 1 from the flue gas inlet 1-6, and the ammonia water nozzle 1-4 sprays ammonia water downward, and the ammonia water reacts with part of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas to form a mixture of various substances, and the mixture falls into the sedimentation tank 1 In -5, the mixture enters the separator 2 under the action of the second circulation pump 6, and the separator 2 separates the solid crystals in the mixture and enters the dryer 3 for drying. Backflow to the ammonia water nozzle 1-4 under the action to absorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas again; the flue gas flows to the ammonia water filter layer 1-2 after being sprayed by the ammonia water nozzle 1-4, and is mixed with the ammonia water filter layer 1-2 The ammonia water undergoes a chemical reaction, and the flue gas after the reaction is filtered out of the absorption tower 1 through the filtration of the double-layer water membrane 1-1, and the reacted mixture falls into the liquid collector 1-3, and enters the liquid through the action of the fourth circulation pump 8 Processor 4, after being treated by the liquid processor 4, part of the liquid flows into the ammonia water filter layer 1-2 through the third circulation pump 7 to circulate and absorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas, and another part of the liquid flows into the absorption tower 1 from the lower end of the liquid processor 4 be recycled.

Claims (2)

1. A double-circulation flue gas ammonia method decarburization device is characterized in that: said decarburization device comprises absorption tower (1), separator (2), drier (3), liquid processor (4), the first A circulation pump (5), a second circulation pump (6), a third circulation pump (7) and a fourth circulation pump (8), and the absorption tower (1) is provided with a double-layer water film (1 -1), ammonia water filter layer (1-2), liquid collector (1-3) and ammonia water nozzle (1-4), the bottom of absorption tower (1) is provided with sedimentation tank (1-5), absorption tower ( 1) The side wall of the lower end is provided with a flue gas inlet (1-6), the upper end of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a flue gas outlet (1-7), the inlet of the first circulation pump (5) is connected with the absorption tower (1) ) is communicated with the lower end sidewall, the outlet of the first circulating pump (5) is communicated with the ammonia water nozzle (1-4) through the pipeline, and the inlet of the second circulating pump (6) is connected with the lower end sidewall of the absorption tower (1) The outlet of the second circulation pump (6) is connected with the separator (2) and the drier (3) in turn through the pipeline, and the upper end of the separator (2) is connected with the lower end side of the absorption tower (1) through the pipeline. The wall is connected, and the lower end of the liquid collector (1-3) is arranged on the upper end side of the liquid processor (4) outside the absorption tower (1) through the fourth circulation pump (8) arranged outside the absorption tower (1) The wall is connected, the inlet of the third circulation pump (7) is communicated and connected with the lower end side wall of the liquid processor (4) through the pipeline, and the other end of the third circulation pump (7) is connected with the ammonia water filter layer (1- 2) The corresponding side wall of the absorption tower (1) is connected, and the lower end of the liquid processor (4) is connected with the lower end side wall of the absorption tower (1) through a pipeline. 2. A double-circulation flue gas ammonia method decarburization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end side wall of the liquid processor (4) is provided with an ammonia water addition pipe (4-1).

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