CN102994756A - Method for enriching rare earth elements from red mud - Google Patents
Method for enriching rare earth elements from red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN102994756A CN102994756A CN2012103725367A CN201210372536A CN102994756A CN 102994756 A CN102994756 A CN 102994756A CN 2012103725367 A CN2012103725367 A CN 2012103725367A CN 201210372536 A CN201210372536 A CN 201210372536A CN 102994756 A CN102994756 A CN 102994756A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enriching rare earth elements from red mud. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out hydraulic classification on red mud to obtain microparticle-scale rare-earth hydrate and slurry; carrying out magnetic separation on the slurry to separate magnetic minerals comprising ilmenite, iron core and monazite out first, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the separated minerals to separate ferromagnetic minerals comprising iron core and ilmenite out, and separating the monazite and the ferromagnetic minerals to ensure that the monazite is further enriched; and separating alkali liquor and solid slag from the residual slurry by sedimentation, separating the alkali liquor by a reverse osmosis water system to obtain water and concentrated alkali liquor, adding oxalic acid to the concentrated alkali liquor to react and sediment to obtain mischmetal oxalate, and separating ionic heavy-metal minerals and a solution containing sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate from the mischmetal oxalate. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively separating rare-earth elements from the red mud and has the advantages of being simple, low in cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for enrichment of rare earth elements in a kind of red mud, belong to red mud recovery technology field.
Background technology
Red mud is the residue that bauxite produces when highly basic leaches in the aluminum oxide production process, and 1 ton of aluminum oxide of every production just has 1.0-2.0 tons red mud to produce.According to estimates.About 9,000 ten thousand tons of the red mud of annual whole world aluminium industrial output, China is alumina producing big country, produces 2378 tons in aluminum oxide, and accounts for 30% of Gross World Product, nearly 3,000 ten thousand tons of the red mud of generation in 2009.The red mud comprehensive utilization ratio of China only is 4% at present, and the accumulation volume of cargo in storage has reached 200,000,000 tons.Along with the gradually reduction of increase year after year and the bauxite grade of China's aluminum oxide output, the year generation of red mud also will constantly increase, and expect 2015, and red mud accumulative total volume of cargo in storage will reach 3.5 hundred million tons.Red mud is stored up in a large number, and both land occupation was wasted resource, had and easily caused environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.So the fundamental state policy that meets national resources saving and environment protection is developed in comprehensive utilization to red mud, also can improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of red mud simultaneously, brings about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection.
Except containing the elements such as iron, aluminium, calcium, also containing rare earth element in the red mud, such as titanium, scandium, lanthanum, cerium, niobium, vanadium, neodymium etc., is a kind of secondary resource of preciousness.At present, the report of Extraction of rare earth is a lot of from red mud, such as pickling process etc.But directly there are a lot of drawbacks in the Extraction of rare earth element from red mud, as: owing to have a large amount of aluminium and a small amount of impurity elements such as silicon in the acid leaching liquor, when using organic solvent extraction; emulsion is serious; the rate of recovery is low etc., therefore, and there are no the report of large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, the method for enrichment of rare earth elements in a kind of red mud is provided.Recovery method is simple, and cost is low, can be effectively with the rare earths separation in the red mud, enrichment out.
Technical scheme of the present invention.The method of enrichment of rare earth elements comprises the steps in the red mud,
A, with red mud slurry by hydraulic classification, separate to obtain microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide and slurry;
B, slurry is carried out magnetic separation, slurry is by the high intensity magnetic separation system of magneticstrength greater than 6500-6800 Gauss, select magnetic mineral aggregate wherein, comprise ilmenite, iron ore and monazite, the mineral aggregate of selecting is not more than 6500 Gausses' magnetic separation system again by magneticstrength, select to contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate, comprises iron ore, ilmenite, make monazite and contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate and separate, make the further enrichment of monazite;
C, remaining slurry are isolated alkali lye and solid slag by sedimentation, and alkali lye is processed to separate by the reverse osmosis water system and obtained water and high alkali liquid, carry out sedimentation after in high alkali liquid, adding the oxalic acid reaction, obtain the mishmetal oxalate, isolate ionic heavy rare earths, and the solution of yellow soda ash, potassium.
The method of enrichment of rare earth elements in the above-mentioned red mud, among the described step a, hydraulic classification be with red mud slurries by the hydraulic classification system, first with the particulate overflow enrichment below 5 microns, obtain 5 microparticles level rare-earth hydroxides.
The method of enrichment of rare earth elements in the above-mentioned red mud adds hydrochloric acid with the microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide of gained among the step a or sulfuric acid carries out acidleach, obtains water-soluble rare earth acidulants, removes impurity.
The applicant finds that by the composition Study to red mud the rare earth element in the red mud mainly exists in three kinds of modes, and a kind of is the rare-earth hydroxide of graininess, and particle diameter is about 5 microns, and ordinary method is separated and is difficult for.The second is rare-earth original ore (mainly being monazite), and radioactivity and magnetic are arranged.The third is the ion type rareearth element that is dissolved in the red mud slurries.Recovery method of the present invention can effectively reclaim three kinds of rare earths respectively.And behind the recovering rare earth raw ore (monazite), can also reduce the radioactivity of red mud, for the large-scale recovery utilization of red mud is laid a good foundation.The present invention is by the mineral analysis to red mud, physical difference according to different minerals, by with red mud slurry high intensity magnetic separation (greater than 6500-6800 Gauss), the magnetic concentration material such as iron ore, ilmenite and monazite are wherein separated first, passing through weak magnetic (being not more than 6500 Gausses) choosing selects iron ore, ilmenite again, monazite and iron ore, ilmenite can be separated, so that the further enrichment of monazite.The concentrated high alkali liquid that obtains of red mud slurries adds oxalic acid reaction sedimentation, the ionic heavy rare earth element can be separated.The mixed rare-earth oxide that reclaims at last, purity is high, and TREO is more than 90%.Rare-earth mineral enriching method of the present invention is simple, environmental protection, has reduced the cost that separates.Compare the advantage such as the present invention has can be effectively with the rare earths separation in the red mud, and enriching method is simple, and is with low cost with prior art.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention.The method of enrichment of rare earth elements comprises the steps in the red mud,
A, with red mud slurry by hydraulic classification, separate to obtain microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide and slurry; More particularly, with the particulate overflow enrichment below 5 microns, obtain 5 micron-sized particulates first, this microsize grade mainly is that rare-earth hydroxide is main.The microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide of gained adds hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid carries out acidleach, obtains water-soluble rare earth acidulants, removes impurity, can be with the heavy rare earths ore deposit enriching and recovering in the red mud.
B, slurry is carried out magnetic separation, slurry is by the high intensity magnetic separation system of magneticstrength greater than 6500-6800 Gauss, select magnetic mineral aggregate wherein, comprise ilmenite, iron ore and monazite, the mineral aggregate of selecting is not more than 6500 Gausses' magnetic separation system again by magneticstrength, selects to contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate, comprise iron ore, ilmenite, this moment, monazite can't be magneticly elected so that monazite with contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate and separate, so further enrichment of monazite.Can be with the monazite enriching and recovering in the red mud, and can reduce the radioactivity of red mud.
C, remaining slurry are isolated alkali lye and solid slag by sedimentation, and alkali lye is processed to separate by the reverse osmosis water system and obtained water and high alkali liquid, carry out sedimentation after in high alkali liquid, adding the oxalic acid reaction, obtain the mishmetal oxalate, isolate ionic heavy rare earths, and the solution of yellow soda ash, potassium.The mishmetal oxalate refers to all to react the multiple rare earth element that may contain in the red mud with oxalic acid, generates rare-earth oxalate.The mishmetal oxalate carries out calcination, obtains mixed rare-earth oxide, can be with the ionic heavy rare earths enriching and recovering in the red mud.
Through applicant's test, oxalic acid can also be replaced by water-soluble carbonate, comprises volatile salt, Magnesium hydrogen carbonate or Calcium hydrogen carbonate etc., obtains mishmetal carbonate after the sedimentation.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, any technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away from,, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for enrichment of rare earth elements in the red mud is characterized in that: comprises the steps,
A, with red mud slurry by hydraulic classification, separate to obtain microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide and slurry;
B, slurry is carried out magnetic separation, slurry is by the high intensity magnetic separation system of magneticstrength greater than 6500-6800 Gauss, select magnetic mineral aggregate wherein, comprise ilmenite, iron ore and monazite, the mineral aggregate of selecting is not more than 6500 Gausses' magnetic separation system again by magneticstrength, select to contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate, comprises iron ore, ilmenite, make monazite and contain the ferromegnetism mineral aggregate and separate, make the further enrichment of monazite;
C, remaining slurry are isolated alkali lye and solid slag by sedimentation, and alkali lye is processed to separate by the reverse osmosis water system and obtained water and high alkali liquid, carry out sedimentation after in high alkali liquid, adding the oxalic acid reaction, obtain the mishmetal oxalate, isolate ionic heavy rare earths, and the solution of yellow soda ash, potassium.
2. the method for enrichment of rare earth elements in the red mud according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the described step a, hydraulic classification be with red mud slurries by the hydraulic classification system, first with the particulate overflow enrichment below 5 microns, obtain 5 microparticles level rare-earth hydroxides.
3. the method for enrichment of rare earth elements in the red mud according to claim 1 is characterized in that: microsize grade rare-earth hydroxide adding hydrochloric acid or the sulfuric acid of gained among the step a are carried out acidleach, obtain water-soluble rare earth acidulants, remove impurity.
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| CN2012103725367A CN102994756A (en) | 2012-09-29 | 2012-09-29 | Method for enriching rare earth elements from red mud |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103801449A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-05-21 | 邹建明 | Red mud magnetofluid separating and recycling method |
| RU2588910C1 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-07-10 | Владимир Григорьевич Оленников | Method of processing of fine red mud |
| RU2634106C1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-10-23 | Вячеслав Константинович Селиверстов | Method of processing red mud |
| RU2697539C1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-15 | Борис Николаевич Улько | Method of complex processing of fine-dispersed metal-containing wastes |
| CN111961873A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-20 | 北京金亚润环保科技有限公司 | Process method for extracting rare metal oxide from slag ball waste generated in process of producing rock wool from red mud |
| CN115232971A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 赣州步莱铽新资源有限公司 | Method for recycling rare earth from neodymium iron boron chamfer mud |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103801449A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-05-21 | 邹建明 | Red mud magnetofluid separating and recycling method |
| RU2588910C1 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-07-10 | Владимир Григорьевич Оленников | Method of processing of fine red mud |
| RU2634106C1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-10-23 | Вячеслав Константинович Селиверстов | Method of processing red mud |
| RU2697539C1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-15 | Борис Николаевич Улько | Method of complex processing of fine-dispersed metal-containing wastes |
| CN111961873A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-20 | 北京金亚润环保科技有限公司 | Process method for extracting rare metal oxide from slag ball waste generated in process of producing rock wool from red mud |
| CN115232971A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 赣州步莱铽新资源有限公司 | Method for recycling rare earth from neodymium iron boron chamfer mud |
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