CN102980194B - A kind of low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the low nitrogen of a kind of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method and device thereof, this device comprises first passage and is arranged on the burning burner hearth bottom first passage, and the surroundings wall along first passage is provided with and makes the flue gas in first passage form two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling blowing assembly; Flue gas forms two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling flue gas by blowing assembly in first passage, by regulating the air output of the blowing nozzle of blowing assembly, temperature in first passage is controlled between 850 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, gas residence time is more than 2 seconds, finally flow to first passage outlet, the slag that the rubbish afterburnt on fire grate end produces then is discharged from slag-drip opening, thus completes the low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate burning process.This patent efficiency of combustion is high, environment protecting good, it is low just to build with operating cost, is suitable for industry and the burning city domestic garbage of large, medium and small scale treating capacity.

Description

A kind of low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method and device thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to garbage incineration method and burning facility, particularly relate to the low nitrogen of a kind of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method and device thereof.

Background technology

Garbage-surrounded city is the general problems faced in city, various countries.Be that Municipal Garbage Yield increases year by year on the one hand, be the quickening of urbanization process on the other hand, urban size constantly expands, and causes garbage disposal problems of land utilization very severe.In Beijing, Shanghai, the large size city such as Guangzhou, be almost difficult to find suitable garbage disposal land used.Meanwhile, improving constantly, to the secondary pollution problem also pay attention to day by day that the waste treatment facility such as landfill, burning may bring due to residential environments consciousness.

Containing a large amount of pollutant component in the flue gas that Refuse Incineration Process produces, as flue dust, hydrogen chloride, oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, heavy metal and two uh English etc.Nitrogen oxide comprises NO, NO2, N2O, N2O3, N2O4 and N2O5 etc.Mainly produce NO in Refuse Incineration Process, this is a kind of colourless toxic gas, account for fuel produce 90% ~ 95% of nitrogen oxide total amount.NO2 is the gas that a kind of rufous has intense stimulus, accounts in burning and generates 5% ~ 10% of nitrogen oxide.The toxicity of NO2 is 5 times of NO, nervous centralis can be caused to benumb, easily cause lung cancer, and NO2 has infringement to the heart of human body, liver, kidney and hematopoietic tissue in addition.Photochemical reaction makes NO2 be decomposed into NO and O3 simultaneously, and Ozone in Atmosphere is extremely harmful to health.In Refuse Incineration Process, the mode that NOx produces has three kinds, is heating power type, fuel type and Quick-type respectively.Experiment shows, along with the rising of reaction temperature, its NOX reaction of formation speed exponentially increases.When temperature is more than 1700K, temperature often increases 100K, and reaction rate increases 6 ~ 7 times.The growing amount of fuel type NOX and the relation of excess air coefficient are very large, and when excess air coefficient is less than 1, its conversion ratio can significantly reduce, and such as when excess air coefficient equals 0.7, its conversion ratio is close to zero.Quick-type NOX formation time only needs 60ms, and the NOX generated is directly proportional to furnace pressure 0.5 power, but little with temperature relation.

The liposoluble substance that bioxin is a kind of colorless and odorless, toxicity is serious, multiple organ and system can be damaged, once enter human body, will be resident for a long time, because itself there is chemical stability and be easy to be absorbed by adipose tissue, and from then on long-term savings in vivo, may be carcinogenic through indirectly physiological pathway.It is in the burning process to plastic containing chlorines such as vinyl chloride that burning city domestic garbage produces bioxin main path, incineration temperature lower than 800 DEG C, chloride rubbish imperfect combustion, very easily Sheng Cheng bioxin; Form chlorobenzene after burning, the latter becomes the precursor of dioxin synthesis.

In Refuse Incineration Process, in order to reduce NOX with the generation of bioxin, fractional combustion can be relied on realize.At present, urban domestic garbage incinerator fractional combustion is along flow of flue gas direction in combustion chamber, and mainly distribute Secondary Air (SA), in the more difficult control flue-gas temperature of first passage and the time of staying thereof.Therefore, be necessary to develop and be suitable for large, medium and small type treatment scale, the garbage incineration method of high-efficiency low-pollution and device thereof.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to the shortcoming and defect overcoming prior art, provide that a kind of technique is simple, gas residence time is long, the low nitrogen of rubbish of sufficient combustion and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method and device thereof.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method, comprise the steps: that rubbish enters above fire grate through garbage inlet, rubbish is up blown into burning burner hearth through fire grate by First air below fire grate, rubbish in burning burner hearth completes drying, pyrolysis, fixed carbon burning and these four combustion processes of fixed carbon after-flame under a wind action, and the flue gas flow direction of generation burns furnace outlet, Secondary Air, tertiary air, four wind and five wind are then respectively by Secondary Air assembly, tertiary air assembly, the blowing assembly of four wind assemblies and five wind assembly formations is blown in first passage, fully mix with from the flue gas burning furnace outlet, mixed flue gas forms two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling flue gas stream by blowing assembly in first passage, by regulating the air output of the blowing nozzle of blowing assembly, temperature in first passage is controlled between 850 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, gas residence time is more than 2 seconds, finally flow to first passage outlet, the slag that the rubbish afterburnt on fire grate end produces then is discharged from slag-drip opening, thus complete the low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate burning process.

A kind of low nitrogen of rubbish and low bioxin fire grate incinerator, comprise first passage and be arranged on the burning burner hearth bottom first passage, the surroundings wall along first passage is provided with and makes the flue gas in first passage form two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling blowing assembly.

Described blowing assembly is divided into four layers, is Secondary Air assembly, tertiary air assembly, four wind assemblies, five wind assemblies from bottom to top successively; The structure of these four layers blowing assembly is identical, comprises rear wall wind pipe component, left wall wind pipe component, front wall wind pipe component and right wall wind pipe component respectively.

Described rear wall wind pipe component, left wall wind pipe component, front wall wind pipe component and right wall wind pipe component are provided with stop valve, servo valve, connection airduct and blowing nozzle.

Described burning burner hearth is surrounded formed by rear arch, burning furnace outlet, face arch, garbage inlet, fire grate, slag-drip opening and left and right side wall.

The wall of described first passage is provided with multiple temperature sensor, is arranged in and burns between furnace outlet and Secondary Air assembly, between Secondary Air assembly and tertiary air assembly, between tertiary air assembly and four wind assemblies, between four wind assemblies and five wind assemblies, between five wind assemblies and first passage export.

The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:

(1) the low nitrogen of this rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerator are for the purpose of rubbish high-efficient low polluting combustion and heat clean utilization, by Secondary Air assembly, tertiary air assembly, four wind assemblies, the continuous obstruction of five wind assemblies, make flue gas in first passage, form two groups of circle of contacts and spiral exports to first passage, spiralling flue gas, add its upward stroke in first passage, extend the time of staying, pollutant such as Wei bioxin and furans etc. stops the condition that creates for 2 seconds more than 850 DEG C, the overwhelming majority can burn bioxin, decreasing pollution thing discharges, improve efficiency of combustion, reduce the operating cost of garbage disposal,

The flue-gas temperature of (2) 850 ~ 900 DEG C can reduce slagging scorification and the corrosion of heating surface, reduces security incident and occurs and reduce operation and maintenance cost;

(3) repeatedly stratified combustion controls the temperature of flue gas, while avoiding NOx to generate in a large number, for SNCR denitration provides optimum temperature window, reduces SNCR denitration running gear initial cost scale and operating cost;

More than comprehensive, the advantage that technical measure is simple and easy to do, efficiency of combustion is high, environment protecting is good, can be widely applicable for industry and domestic waste, application prospect is wider.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the low nitrogen of rubbish of the present invention and Di bioxin fire grate incinerator structural representation.

Fig. 2 be shown in Fig. 1 four layers blowing assembly wherein one deck blowing assembly distributed architecture schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the fluidised form schematic diagram of the cross section of first passage 13 shown in Fig. 2 flue gas stream 33.

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section flue gas stream 33 fluidised form schematic diagram of the low nitrogen of rubbish of the present invention and Di bioxin fire grate incinerator.Show flue gas stream 33 in figure under the jet action of each blowing nozzle 11, flue gas stream 33 forms two groups of circle of contacts, and rises at first passage 13 inside spin.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.

Embodiment

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.The low nitrogen of rubbish of the present invention and Di bioxin fire grate incinerator, the burning burner hearth 2 comprising first passage 13 and be arranged on bottom first passage 13, the surroundings wall along first passage 13 is provided with and makes the flue gas 33 in first passage 13 form two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling blowing assembly.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Described blowing assembly is divided into four layers, is Secondary Air assembly 3, tertiary air assembly 4, four wind assemblies 5, five wind assemblies 6 from bottom to top successively; The structure of these four layers blowing assembly is identical, comprises rear wall wind pipe component A, left wall wind pipe component B, front wall wind pipe component C and right wall wind pipe component D respectively.Spacing between these four layers blowing assembly is 1/5th of first passage 13 height.Secondary Air assembly 3 is apart from burning the distance of furnace outlet 14 between 0.5 ~ 1.0 meter.

As shown in Figure 2.Described rear wall wind pipe component A, left wall wind pipe component B, front wall wind pipe component C and right wall wind pipe component D are provided with stop valve 7, servo valve 8, connect airduct and blowing nozzle 11.First passage 13 flue gas and servo valve 7 is isolated when stop valve 8 is for stopping transport, servo valve 7 connects airduct air force for adjusting, the fresh air connected in airduct is sprayed into first passage 13 according to predetermined angle and speed by blowing nozzle 11, flue gas is made in first passage 13, to form two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling flue gas stream, this spiralling flue gas stream adds its upward stroke in first passage 13, ensure that temperature and the time of staying of flue gas, thus meet the burning requirement of rubbish.

As shown in Figure 1.Described burning burner hearth 2 is surrounded formed by rear arch 1, burning furnace outlet 14, face arch 15, garbage inlet 16, fire grate 17, slag-drip opening 18 and left and right side wall 19.

As shown in Figure 1.The wall of described first passage 13 is provided with multiple temperature sensor 12, be arranged in burn between furnace outlet 14 and Secondary Air assembly 3, between Secondary Air assembly 3 and tertiary air assembly 4, between tertiary air assembly 4 and four wind assemblies 5, between four wind assemblies 5 and five wind assemblies 6, five wind assemblies 6 and first passage export between 9.Temperature sensor 12 is for implementing to measure flue-gas temperature and air quantity provides adjustment foundation for one, two, three, four, five time.

As shown in Figure 1.Rubbish enters the top of fire grate 17 initiating terminal through garbage inlet 16, fire grate 17 is reciprocal fire grate, be divided into five sections, each section is set to necessarily downward angle with garbage inlet 16 horizontal position, the fire grate tilted is convenient to rubbish and is travelled forward in combustion process, there is vertical height between every section, object is that the rubbish luming or reunite is met vertical section and can be fallen loose by freely falling body in advance process; Rear arch 1 is much longer compared with face arch 15, and longer rear arch 1 effect is that the drying and quick ignition for entering stove rubbish provides radiations heat energy, and shorter face arch 15 can flow out rapidly and burn burner hearth 2 by the steam that produces of convenient and dry.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.Secondary Air assembly 3, tertiary air assembly 4, four wind assemblies 5 and five wind assemblies 6 on first passage 13 longitudinal section, in first passage 13, fresh air is sprayed into according to certain angle of inclination, namely, except dry assembly each blowing nozzle 11 spout all down except, also become certain slanted angle with the wall of first passage 13, when fresh air sprays into after in first passage 13 down according to predetermined angular, and repeated combustion is carried out in flue gas mixing, and forms two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling flue gas stream 33.Its shape (see figure 4) is approximately 2 groups of circle of contacts and spiralling curve.Arrow in Fig. 3 is the angle of each blowing nozzle 11 jet-stream wind.As can be seen from Figure 2, the setting angle of blowing nozzle 11 and connection airduct is similar to acute angle or obtuse angle.

The low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate incinerating method, realize by following steps: rubbish enters above fire grate 17 through garbage inlet 16, rubbish is up blown into burning burner hearth 2 through fire grate 17 by First air below fire grate 17, rubbish in burning burner hearth 2 completes drying, pyrolysis, fixed carbon burning and these four combustion processes of fixed carbon after-flame under a wind action, and the flue gas flow direction of generation burns furnace outlet 14, Secondary Air, tertiary air, four wind and five wind are then respectively by Secondary Air assembly 3, tertiary air assembly 4, the blowing assembly of four wind assemblies 5 and five wind assembly 6 formations is blown in first passage 13, fully mix with from the flue gas burning furnace outlet 14, mixed flue gas forms two groups of circle of contacts by blowing assembly in first passage 13 and spiralling flue gas stream 33(is shown in Fig. 4), by regulating the air output of the blowing nozzle of blowing assembly, temperature in first passage 13 is controlled between 850 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, gas residence time is more than 2 seconds, finally flow to first passage outlet 9, the slag that the rubbish afterburnt on fire grate 17 end produces then is discharged from slag-drip opening 18, thus complete the low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate burning process.

After temperature sensor 12 records flue-gas temperature, with reference to the flue gas oxygen content of first passage outlet 9, through computer calculate with after correcting, the air output of the blowing nozzle of each layer blowing assembly is controlled by servo valve 7, and ensure that excess air coefficient is best, thus while acquisition rubbish efficient burning, the temperature in guarantee first passage 13 is between 850 ~ 900 DEG C, gas residence time more than 2 seconds, to suppress and to reduce NOx and Jiang abundant for bioxin after-flame.

Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any do not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle under do change, modification, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the low nitrogen of rubbish and low bioxin fire grate incinerating method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: that rubbish enters above fire grate through garbage inlet, rubbish is up blown into burning burner hearth through fire grate by First air below fire grate, rubbish in burning burner hearth completes drying, pyrolysis, fixed carbon burning and these four combustion processes of fixed carbon after-flame under a wind action, and the flue gas flow direction of generation burns furnace outlet, Secondary Air, tertiary air, four wind and five wind are then respectively by Secondary Air assembly, tertiary air assembly, the blowing assembly of four wind assemblies and five wind assembly formations is blown in first passage, fully mix with from the flue gas burning furnace outlet, mixed flue gas forms two groups of circle of contacts and spiralling flue gas stream by blowing assembly in first passage, by regulating the air output of the blowing nozzle of blowing assembly, temperature in first passage is controlled between 850 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, gas residence time controls more than 2 seconds, flue gas finally flows to first passage outlet, the slag that the rubbish afterburnt on fire grate end produces then is discharged from slag-drip opening, thus complete the low nitrogen of rubbish and Di bioxin fire grate burning process.