CN102953719A - Drag type packer-less hydraulic jet pulsating acid fracturing device and method - Google Patents
Drag type packer-less hydraulic jet pulsating acid fracturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102953719A CN102953719A CN 201210470449 CN201210470449A CN102953719A CN 102953719 A CN102953719 A CN 102953719A CN 201210470449 CN201210470449 CN 201210470449 CN 201210470449 A CN201210470449 A CN 201210470449A CN 102953719 A CN102953719 A CN 102953719A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield exploitation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for performing acid fracturing in an oil and gas well reservoir stratum. The device comprises an upper conversion nipple, a centralizer, a spray gun, a lower conversion nipple and a guide joint which are connected in sequence, wherein the upper end of the conversion nipple is connected with a construction tube string. According to the device and the method, acid fracturing packing is performed by using a hydraulic entrainment packing effect produced by high-speed pulsating jet, the packer of the conventional acid fracturing tool is not required, and the problem of high probability of invalidation due to multiple setting and unblocking of the packer in the conventional tool is avoided; the depth for acid fracturing in the stratum can be increased by performing the acid fracturing using pulsating jet, so that the length of the fracturing fracture is increased; the device has a simple structure and is safe and reliable, the construction method is mature, and the construction cost is lower than that of the conventional technology; a water layer can be prevented from being penetrated in an acid fracturing process by adjusting the arrangement direction of a self-excited oscillation nozzle on the spray gun; a high-speed pulsating jet is formed through the self-excited oscillation nozzle arranged on the spray gun; a directional perforating hole is quickly formed and a compaction zone produced by perforating bullet explosive perforation is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the oilfield exploitation field, particularly, relate to a kind of device and method that in the Oil/gas Well reservoir, carries out acid fracturing, more specifically, relate to a kind of self-oscillation nozzle that utilizes and produce the apparatus and method without the packer acid fracturing that the pulse jet drags.
Background technology
Lasting exploitation along with Global Oil and Gas Resources, the hyposmosis oil in place accounts for the ratio sustainable growth of remaining reserves, part old filed reservoir progressively enters the low pressure SE in addition, and the fracturing reform of reservoir has become the basic technology of newly-increased hyposmosis block and the depleted reservoir hydrocarbons exploitation of old filed.Usually, need keep at a certain distance away along pit shaft in the part Oil/gas Well reservoir is carried out the multistage pressure break, the crack reaches enough size and permeability, can be to greatest extent by the oil gas in the pit shaft exploitation reservoir.
Conventional acid-fracture technology uses perforating bullet to carry out perforation more, pump into fracturing fluid in the well afterwards and carry out general pressure break, fracture initiation position, down-hole and trend are affected by geostatic stress to be difficult to control, horizontal well particularly, the symmetrical general pressure break of double-vane can be pressed and be worn reservoir water layer on every side, causes the oil reservoir water breakthrough; Simultaneously, adopt perforating bullet blast perforation can form compaction band around eyelet, pressure occurs than great fluctuation process during perforating bullet blast perforation, may make eyelet place pressure be lower than fracture closure pressure, and responsive reservoir is produced injury; In addition, in the conventional acidifying fracturing process acid fracturing process, after acid solution entered the Reservoir Fracture certain distance, the front end acid liquid performance changes can not continue the corrosion stratum more greatly, and pressure also is not enough to continue fracturing stratum, had limited the length in acid fracturing formation crack.
Conventional ACID FRACTURING TECHNOLOGY adopts mechanical packer to realize the separate layer acid treatment pressure break more.Mechanical packer can be implemented layering or multistage pressure break at cased well, causes down-hole accident but sand card tubing string occurs easily, and packer is subjected to acid liquid corrosion, repeatedly the setting solution packing deleterious of being honored as a queen.
The present invention utilizes the self-oscillation nozzle of arranging on the instrument, in the perforation process, form the waterpower pulse jet, utilize the stagnation pressure fluctuation to destroy rapidly sleeve pipe and the borehole wall and form preforation tunnel, can not produce compaction band, the layer position high for initial cracking pressure can significantly reduce initial cracking pressure; In the acid fracturing process, utilize the effect of entrainmenting of the high-speed pulse jet of self-oscillation nozzle ejection, the eyelet surrounding fluid is together entrainmented the inlet hole eye, produce waterpower from the effect of packing at the preforation tunnel wall, and then realize dragging tubing string without the perforating and fracturing volume increase of packer multi-section multi-layer reservoir; In addition, the pressure fluctuation that utilizes pulsing jet to produce, in eyelet and crack, make acid solution produce disturbance, the acid solution that the terminal performance in crack has been changed can be replaced by follow-up unreacted acid solution, and then continuation corrosion stratum vee crack, the acid solution of pulsation enters that the peak value of pressure fluctuation still can continue to press off the stratum and carry out corrosion greater than fracture initiation pressure behind the certain depth of stratum simultaneously, has increased the length in acid fracturing crack.
Summary of the invention
The defective that exists in order to overcome conventional acid-fracture technology the invention provides a kind of drawing type without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device and method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following scheme:
A kind of drawing type comprises conversion pipe nipple, centralizer, spray gun, lower conversion pipe nipple, guide sub without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device; It is characterized in that: on change that pipe nipple upper end is connected with operating tool string, the lower end is connected with the upper end of spray gun, the spray gun lower end then utilizes lower conversion pipe nipple to be connected with guide sub; Centralizer is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple; The self-oscillation nozzle is installed on the spray gun; Be provided with ball seat in the guide sub, by the unlatching of steel ball passage when the sealing of the setting of ball seat and deblocking implement device channel end and the backwash.
Preferably, upper conversion pipe nipple is hollow circular tube, the external diameter on top is large, lower outer diameter is little, and the joint is respectively equipped with internal thread and external screw thread up and down, upper conversion pipe nipple by the internal thread of top connection be connected with work string, external screw thread by lower contact links to each other with the upper end of spray gun.
Preferably, centralizer is the pipe with six wings, and six wing parallel axes are to setting and uniform along the pipe periphery, and six wings are respectively equipped with chamfering in two ends up and down, and fillet surface length is 20mm, and the chamfer angle of fillet surface and vertical plane is 30 °; The internal diameter of centralizer equals the external diameter of conversion pipe nipple bottom, and centralizer length is less than upper conversion pipe nipple lower length, and centralizer is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple; The external diameter on upper conversion pipe nipple top has guaranteed that greater than the centralizer internal diameter centralizer can not move up.
Preferably, spray gun be tube wall with the pipe of hydrophthalmia, upper lower contact is equipped with internal thread, spray gun is threaded with upper conversion pipe nipple lower end by the internal thread of top connection; The external diameter of spray gun had guaranteed that greater than the centralizer internal diameter centralizer can not move downward after conversion pipe nipple lower end external screw thread was connected with spray gun, had realized that centralizer is set in fixing on the conversion pipe nipple; The uniform two-layer hydrophthalmia of spray gun, every layer of 3 hydrophthalmia, the hydrophthalmia phase place is 120 ° in the layer, 60 ° in interlayer hydrophthalmia phase place, the hydrophthalmia place is provided with internal thread, so that the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle to be installed; Spray gun overall length 500mm.
Preferably, the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle is the cylinder that the top external diameter is little, lower outer diameter is large, and the part that the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle od is little is provided with external screw thread, to be threaded with the internal thread at hydrophthalmia place on the spray gun; The upper end of self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle interior runner is that ball taper spray chamber, middle part are that large scale cylindrical cavity, bottom are small-diameter circular cylindricality spray chamber.
Preferably, lower conversion pipe nipple is hollow circular tube, and the joint is respectively equipped with external screw thread and internal thread up and down, and lower conversion pipe nipple is connected with the lower end of spray gun by the external screw thread of top connection, and the internal thread by lower contact is connected with the guide sub of pulsation acid fracturing device.
Preferably, it is conical surface cylinder for cylinder, lower end that the guide sub outer upper ends has external screw thread, centre, the guide sub inner upper end is that large-diameter circular passage, lower end are the small diameter circular passage, is provided with ball seat at small diameter circular passage and large-diameter circular passage joint; The guide sub lower end is the conical surface, is provided with ball seat on the small diameter circular passage top of guide sub bottom, and is provided with the steel ball that mates with ball seat, and entrance, guide sub upper end is provided with the valve catch.
Preferably, self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 adopts tungsten carbide or materials processing manufacturing.
A kind of drawing type adopts above-mentioned drawing type without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method, it is characterized in that, comprises following construction sequence:
(1), each parts of acid fracturing device are carried out connection, combination is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device;
(2), will be hinged with work string without the packer hydro-jet acid fracturing device of pulsing, G.I.H is scheduled to the construction layer position;
(3), by work string with the perforation liquid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, form pulse cavitating jet at a high speed by the self-oscillation nozzle of arranging on the spray gun, produce the stagnation pressure of higher fluctuation at sleeve pipe and the borehole wall, form fast the oriented perforating eyelet;
(4), after perforation finishes, by work string with acid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, inject eyelet by the self-oscillation nozzle, entrainment under the packing effect in waterpower build the pressure, corrosion forms the crack;
(5), finish after the layer position pressure break, on carry work string and jetting is pulsed move to next construction layer position on the acid fracturing device, repeating step (3) is to (5);
(6), finish all layers position directional fracturing and transform after, the upper lifting pipe post takes out fracturing device in well.
Preferably, drawing type is applicable to horizontal well and Vertical Well without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method.
Drawing type of the present invention with respect to conventional acid-fracture technology, has following advantage without packer hydraulic pulse acid fracturing apparatus and method:
(1), the waterpower of utilizing the high speed pulse jet to produce entrainments the packing effect and carries out the acid fracturing packing, do not need the packer of classical acid press tool, avoided the repeatedly problem that easily lost efficacy of setting deblocking of packer in the conventional tool;
(2), adopt pulse jet to carry out acid fracturing can to increase acid fracturing and enter depth of stratum, increase fracturing fracture length, the acid fracturing effect is better than routine techniques;
(3), apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, safe and reliable, job practices is ripe, construction cost is lower than routine techniques.
(4), waterpower pulse perforation and ACID FRACTURING TECHNOLOGY are combined, can realize simultaneously that hydraulic perforating, waterpower from packing and pulsation acid fracturing, need not increase extra ground installation and just can carry out the multi-section multi-layer acid fracturing in the site operation; Can realize easily the layering of straight well, horizontal well, the acid fracturing that segmentation drags tubing string; In addition, when water layer being arranged on every side for net horizontal section, can avoid penetrating water layer in the acid fracturing process by the arranged direction of adjusting self-oscillation nozzle on the spray gun.
(5), by work string with the perforation liquid pump to without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device, form pulsing jet at a high speed by the self-oscillation nozzle of arranging on the spray gun, produce the stagnation pressure of higher fluctuation at sleeve pipe and the borehole wall, the compaction band that forms fast the oriented perforating eyelet and avoid perforating bullet blast perforation to produce.
Description of drawings
To be drawing type of the present invention look schematic diagram without the master of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device to Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 b is that drawing type of the present invention is without the structural representation of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device;
Fig. 2 is the upper conversion pipe nipple structural representation in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is the structural representation of the centralizer in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 b is the schematic top plan view of the centralizer in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the spray gun structure schematic diagram in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the self-oscillation nozzle arrangements schematic diagram in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is lower conversion pipe nipple structural representation in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is guide sub structural representation in the acid fracturing device of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that drawing type of the present invention is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method flow schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is that drawing type of the present invention is without the enforcement schematic diagram of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device acid fracturing in horizontal well;
Figure 10 is that drawing type of the present invention is without the enforcement schematic diagram of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device acid fracturing in straight well;
Among the figure, 1, upper conversion pipe nipple, 2, centralizer, 3, spray gun, 4, lower conversion pipe nipple, 5, guide sub, 31, the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle, 311, ball taper spray chamber, 312, large scale cylindrical cavity, 313, small-diameter circular cylindricality spray chamber, 51, steel ball, 52, ball seat.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, drawing type comprises conversion pipe nipple 1, centralizer 2, spray gun 3, lower conversion pipe nipple 4, guide sub 5 without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device; Upper conversion pipe nipple 1 upper end is connected with operating tool string, the lower end is connected with the upper end of spray gun 3, and spray gun 3 lower ends then utilize lower conversion pipe nipple 4 to be connected with guide sub 5; Centralizer 2 is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple 1, and centralizer 2 is used for fixedly drawing type without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device, makes it to be in wellbore centre and contact with sleeve pipe, and symmetry and the operation of assurance acid fracturing are stablized; Self-oscillation nozzle 31 is installed on the spray gun 3, is used for realizing jetting pulsation perforation and acid fracturing; Be provided with ball seat in the guide sub 5, by the unlatching of valve ball passage when the sealing of the setting of ball seat and deblocking implement device channel end and the backwash.
As shown in Figure 2, upper conversion pipe nipple 1 is hollow circular tube, the external diameter on top is large, lower outer diameter is little, and the joint is respectively equipped with internal thread and external screw thread up and down, upper conversion pipe nipple 1 by the internal thread of top connection be connected with work string, external screw thread by lower contact links to each other with the upper end of spray gun 3; The joint thread seal is high about in the of 1, intensity is high for upper conversion pipe nipple, not only can guarantee sealing but also the tubing string fracture accident can not occur in the construction.
Shown in Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b, centralizer 2 is the pipe with six wings, and six wing parallel axes are to setting and uniform along the pipe periphery, six wings are respectively equipped with chamfering in two ends up and down, fillet surface length is 20mm, and the chamfer angle of fillet surface and vertical plane is 30 °, and the instrument of being convenient to removes in well.The internal diameter of centralizer 2 equals the external diameter of conversion pipe nipple 1 bottom, and centralizer length is less than upper conversion pipe nipple lower length, and centralizer is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple; The external diameter on upper conversion pipe nipple 1 top has guaranteed that greater than centralizer 2 internal diameters centralizer can not move up.
As shown in Figure 4, spray gun 3 be tube wall with the pipe of hydrophthalmia, upper lower contact is equipped with internal thread, spray gun 3 is threaded with upper conversion pipe nipple 1 lower end by the internal thread of top connection; Spray gun 3 uniform two-layer hydrophthalmias, every layer of 3 hydrophthalmia, the hydrophthalmia phase place is 120 ° in the layer, 60 ° in interlayer hydrophthalmia phase place, the hydrophthalmia place is provided with internal thread, so that self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 to be installed; The external diameter of spray gun had guaranteed that greater than the centralizer internal diameter centralizer can not move downward after conversion pipe nipple 1 lower end external screw thread was connected with spray gun, had realized that centralizer is set in fixing on the conversion pipe nipple.Spray gun overall length 500mm.Fluid enters spray gun 3 from work string through conversion pipe nipple 1, self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 from spray gun 3 sprays at a high speed, the pulse jet that forms is rapid fire sleeve-penetrating and at stratum formation eyelet soon, the high speed pulse jet entrainments the circumocular fluid of earth bore and together enters the stratum during acid fracturing, realize the packing under the hydraulic action, can carry out fast the stratum acid fracturing.
As shown in Figure 5, self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 is the cylinder that the top external diameter is little, lower outer diameter is large, and the part that self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 external diameters are little is provided with external screw thread, to be threaded with the internal thread at hydrophthalmia place on the spray gun 3; The upper end of self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 inner flow passages is that ball taper spray chamber 311, middle part are that large scale cylindrical cavity 312, bottom are small-diameter circular cylindricality spray chamber 313.Fluid enters resonator 312 from self-oscillation nozzle ball taper spray gun 311 and produces disturbance, when the outlet necked-down section of crossing self-oscillation nozzle resonator 312 when the flow of disturbance enters small-diameter circular cylindricality spray chamber 313, just it is exciting to produce self-excitation pressure, thereby this pressure excitement feeds back to resonator 312 and forms the feedback pressure vibration, suitably control Mach number and the Strouhal number (Strouhal number) of resonant cavity size and fluid, the frequency of feedback pressure vibration and the intrinsic frequency of resonator 312 are complementary, thereby in the humorous resonance of resonator 312 interior formation sound, make nozzle spray gun 313 outlet jets become interrupted collar vortex, and produce strong pressure oscillation and cavitation, can penetrate rapidly sleeve-penetrating and the borehole wall and form the perforation tunnel, in the acid fracturing process, utilize the pressure fluctuation of self-oscillation flow jet flow, make acid solution generation fluctuation in eyelet and the crack, realize the acid solution exchange and make its pressure crest greater than reservoir fracture pressure, corrosion, break, vee crack, the length in increase acid fracturing crack.According to construction characteristic, the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle need stand abrasive wear and acid solution etc. in the perforating fluid corrosion, so self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 adopts the resistant material processing and manufacturings such as tungsten carbides or pottery.
As shown in Figure 6, lower conversion pipe nipple 4 is hollow circular tube, the joint is respectively equipped with external screw thread and internal thread up and down, and lower conversion pipe nipple 4 is connected with the lower end of spray gun by the external screw thread of top connection, and the internal thread by lower contact is connected with the guide sub of pulsation acid fracturing device.The joint thread seal is high up and down, intensity is high, not only can guarantee sealing but also the tubing string fracture accident can not occur in the construction.
As shown in Figure 7, it is conical surface cylinder for cylinder, lower end that guide sub 5 outer upper ends have external screw thread, centre, guide sub 5 inner upper end are that large-diameter circular passage, lower end are the small diameter circular passage, are provided with ball seat 52 at small diameter circular passage and large-diameter circular passage joint; Guide sub 5 lower ends are the conical surface, be convenient to be lowered to smoothly instrument, small diameter circular passage top in the guide sub bottom is provided with ball seat 52, and be provided with steel ball 51 with ball seat coupling, entrance, guide sub upper end is provided with valve catch 53, can guarantee that steel ball 51 still is in the guide sub in anti-cyclic process.In the normal construction process, after fluid entered the spray gun body from work string, pressure holding steel ball 51 was seated and realizes sealing on the ball seat 52, and fluid carries out the acid fracturing operation by self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 ejections on the spray gun 3; When running into the complex situations such as pit shaft settling sand, enter fluid by the annular injection between work string and pit shaft, fluid oppositely enters from guide sub 5 lower end through holes, can open steel ball 51, fluid enters work string and recycles pit shaft, can realize post-job pit shaft sand washing.
The basic principle that waterpower is entrainmented from the packing pressure break is to keep annular pressure to be lower than formation fracture pressure, the self-oscillation nozzle ejection enters the stratum eyelet, produce the effect of entrainmenting by force in the high-speed jet of eyelet mouth place, the fluid that backflows in part annular space liquid and the hole is entrainmented the hand-hole intraocular, make the fracture pressure of pressure greater than the stratum that build the pressure in the eyelet, fracture initiation, the pressure of the retaining hole intraocular that backflows that continues to spray into the high-speed jet of eyelet and entrainment is greater than propagation pressure, the crack continues expansion, because annular pressure is lower than formation fracture pressure, so the crack only forms in the spray site of self-oscillation nozzle, realize that waterpower is from packing.During construction, keep annular pressure to be lower than formation fracture pressure, the high-speed pulse jet that utilizes the self-oscillation nozzle arranged on the spray gun of the present invention to produce can realize that waterpower entrainments from packing, only pressing crack construction is carried out on the stratum at spray site place.The present invention does not use traditional mechanical packer can avoid sand card problem, reduces operating risk; The problems such as the difficult control of diverting agent layering and back-up sand slicing and filling, long construction period have been exempted simultaneously.
The basic principle of pulsation acid fracturing is when stabilized fluid flows through the outlet necked-down section of self-oscillation nozzle resonator, and it is exciting to produce self-excitation pressure, forms the feedback pressure vibration thereby this pressure excitement feeds back to resonator.Suitably control Mach number and the Strouhal number (Strouhal number) of resonant cavity size and fluid, the frequency of feedback pressure vibration and the intrinsic frequency of resonator are complementary, thereby the humorous resonance of formation sound in resonator, make the jet expansion jet become interrupted collar vortex, and produce strong pressure oscillation and cavitation.The present invention is by arranging the self-vibration cavitating nozzle on the spray gun, make acid solution form the self-oscillation cavitation jet, can penetrate rapidly sleeve-penetrating and the borehole wall and form the perforation tunnel, in the acid fracturing process, utilize the pressure fluctuation of impulse hunting jet, make acid solution generation disturbance in eyelet and the crack, the acid solution that the depths performance has been changed can be replaced by follow-up injection acid solution, continue corrosion stratum vee crack, simultaneously acid solution enter the peak value of pressure fluctuation behind the certain depth of stratum still can be greater than fracture initiation pressure, continue to press off the stratum and carry out corrosion, increase the length in acid fracturing crack.
Referring to Fig. 8, the tubing string that drags of the present invention comprises following construction sequence without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method:
(1), each parts of acid fracturing device are carried out connection, combination is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device;
(2), will be hinged with work string without the packer hydro-jet acid fracturing device of pulsing, G.I.H is scheduled to the construction layer position;
(3), by work string with the perforation liquid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, form pulse cavitating jet at a high speed by the self-oscillation nozzle of arranging on the spray gun, produce the stagnation pressure of higher fluctuation at sleeve pipe and the borehole wall, form fast the oriented perforating eyelet;
(4), after perforation is finished, by work string with acid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, inject eyelet by the self-oscillation nozzle, entrainment under the packing effect in waterpower and to build the pressure, corrosion forms the crack, because the pressure oscillation of pulsing jet, acid solution in eyelet and the crack produces pulsation, the acid solution that performance of front end has been changed can be replaced by follow-up unreacted acid solution, continue corrosion stratum vee crack, simultaneously the front end acid solution enter the peak value of pressure fluctuation behind the certain depth of stratum still can be greater than fracture initiation pressure, continue to press off the stratum and carry out corrosion, increase the length in acid fracturing crack;
(5), finish after the layer position pressure break, on carry work string and jetting is pulsed move to next construction layer position on the acid fracturing device, repeating step (3) is to (5);
(6), finish all layers position directional fracturing and transform after, the upper lifting pipe post takes out fracturing device in well.
Fig. 9 is that drawing type is without the enforcement schematic diagram of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device acid fracturing in horizontal well.With drawing type without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device G.I.H, pump into perforating fluid to drawing type without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device by work string, steel ball 51 pressurizeds in this timer lower end guide sub 5 are setting on ball seat 52, device lower end pathway closure, perforating fluid sprays through self-oscillation nozzle 31 from spray gun 3, form the vibration cavitation jet, Casing-Cutting forms preforation tunnel at the borehole wall rapidly.Afterwards, pump into the pressure break acid solution by work string to downhole hardware, acid solution forms the high-speed pulse cavitation jet through nozzle and sprays in the perforation tunnel, entrainment simultaneously that segment fluid flow enters preforation tunnel in the annular space, make in the eyelet to build the pressure, the eyelet internal pressure begins to form in the eyelet end crack during greater than formation fracture pressure.Acid solution is entrainmented annular fluid with the oscillation pulsed water jet form and is continued to enter eyelet and make the eyelet internal pressure greater than propagation pressure, and the crack continues expansion.Because the pressure oscillation of pulsing jet, acid solution in eyelet and the crack produces disturbance, the acid solution that depths, crack performance has been changed can be replaced by follow-up unreacted acid solution, continue corrosion stratum vee crack, simultaneously acid solution enter the peak value of pressure fluctuation behind the certain depth of stratum still can be greater than fracture initiation pressure, continue to press off the stratum and carry out corrosion, reach the purpose of the length that increases the acid fracturing crack.Finish after the layer position pressure break, on carry work string and jetting is pulsed move to next construction layer position on the acid fracturing device, repeat successively to construct and both can finish the acid fracturing of all intervals, the upper lifting pipe post took out the acid fracturing device after construction finished.
Figure 10 is that drawing type is without the embodiment of packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device in the straight well section.It is consistent to drag tubing string multistage acid fracturing technique in work progress and the method same level well.
Claims (10)
1. a drawing type comprises conversion pipe nipple, centralizer, spray gun, lower conversion pipe nipple, guide sub without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device; It is characterized in that: on change that pipe nipple upper end is connected with operating tool string, the lower end is connected with the upper end of spray gun, the spray gun lower end then utilizes lower conversion pipe nipple to be connected with guide sub; Centralizer is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple; The self-oscillation nozzle is installed on the spray gun; Be provided with ball seat in the guide sub, by the unlatching of steel ball passage when the sealing of the setting of ball seat and deblocking implement device channel end and the backwash.
2. drawing type according to claim 1 is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device, it is characterized in that: on to change pipe nipple be hollow circular tube, the external diameter on top is large, lower outer diameter is little, the joint is respectively equipped with internal thread and external screw thread up and down, upper conversion pipe nipple by the internal thread of top connection be connected with work string, external screw thread by lower contact links to each other with the upper end of spray gun.
3. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: centralizer is the pipe with six wings, six wing parallel axes are to setting and uniform along the pipe periphery, six wings are respectively equipped with chamfering in two ends up and down, fillet surface length is 20mm, and the chamfer angle of fillet surface and vertical plane is 30 °; The internal diameter of centralizer equals the external diameter of conversion pipe nipple bottom, and centralizer length is less than upper conversion pipe nipple lower length, and centralizer is sleeved on the conversion pipe nipple; The external diameter on upper conversion pipe nipple top has guaranteed that greater than the centralizer internal diameter centralizer can not move up.
4. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: spray gun is that tube wall is with the pipe of hydrophthalmia, upper lower contact is equipped with internal thread, and spray gun is threaded with upper conversion pipe nipple lower end by the internal thread of top connection; The external diameter of spray gun had guaranteed that greater than the centralizer internal diameter centralizer can not move downward after conversion pipe nipple lower end external screw thread was connected with spray gun, had realized that centralizer is set in fixing on the conversion pipe nipple; The uniform two-layer hydrophthalmia of spray gun, every layer of 3 hydrophthalmia, the hydrophthalmia phase place is 120 ° in the layer, 60 ° in interlayer hydrophthalmia phase place, the hydrophthalmia place is provided with internal thread, so that the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle to be installed; Spray gun overall length 500mm.
5. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle is the cylinder that the top external diameter is little, lower outer diameter is large, the part that the self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle od is little is provided with external screw thread, to be threaded with the internal thread at hydrophthalmia place on the spray gun; The upper end of self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle interior runner is that ball taper spray chamber, middle part are that large scale cylindrical cavity, bottom are small-diameter circular cylindricality spray chamber.
6. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: lower conversion pipe nipple is hollow circular tube, the joint is respectively equipped with external screw thread and internal thread up and down, lower conversion pipe nipple is connected with the lower end of spray gun by the external screw thread of top connection, and the internal thread by lower contact is connected with the guide sub of pulsation acid fracturing device.
7. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: it is conical surface cylinder for cylinder, lower end that the guide sub outer upper ends has external screw thread, centre, the guide sub inner upper end is that large-diameter circular passage, lower end are the small diameter circular passage, is provided with ball seat at small diameter circular passage and large-diameter circular passage joint; The guide sub lower end is the conical surface, is provided with ball seat on the small diameter circular passage top of guide sub bottom, and is provided with the steel ball that mates with ball seat, and entrance, guide sub upper end is provided with the valve catch.
8. described drawing type is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device according to claim 1-7, and it is characterized in that: self-excited oscillation pulse nozzle 31 adopts the tungsten carbide material processing and manufacturing.
9. a drawing type adopts the drawing type of claim 1-8 without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method, it is characterized in that, comprises following construction sequence:
(1), each parts of acid fracturing device are carried out connection, combination is without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing device:
(2), will be hinged with work string without the packer hydro-jet acid fracturing device of pulsing, G.I.H is scheduled to the construction layer position;
(3), by work string with the perforation liquid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, form pulse cavitating jet at a high speed by the self-oscillation nozzle of arranging on the spray gun, produce the stagnation pressure of higher fluctuation at sleeve pipe and the borehole wall, form fast the oriented perforating eyelet;
(4), after perforation finishes, by work string with acid pump to jetting pulsation acid fracturing device, inject eyelet by the self-oscillation nozzle, entrainment under the packing effect in waterpower build the pressure, corrosion forms the crack;
(5), finish after the layer position pressure break, on carry work string and jetting is pulsed move to next construction layer position on the acid fracturing device, repeating step (3) is to (5);
(6), finish all layers position directional fracturing and transform after, the upper lifting pipe post takes out fracturing device in well.
10. drawing type according to claim 9 is characterized in that without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method: drawing type is applicable to horizontal well and Vertical Well without packer hydro-jet pulsation acid fracturing method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201210470449 CN102953719A (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2012-11-20 | Drag type packer-less hydraulic jet pulsating acid fracturing device and method |
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| CN106703774A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Drag hydraulic jet fracturing and ball casting slide bushing sand washing integrated operation device and method |
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