CN102942124B - Tower crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tower crane. This tower crane includes the body of the tower, set up the rotation mechanism at body of the tower top, and set up the superstructure on rotation mechanism, superstructure includes the tower crane jib loading boom, top of the tower strut and balance arm, a serial communication port, the tower crane jib loading boom includes the crane jib support, the crane jib support includes arm root and arm point portion, the cross-section of arm root is the quadrangle, the cross-section of arm point portion is the triangle-shaped, arm root fixed connection is on rotation mechanism, arm point portion lower chord member of arm point portion and arm root lower chord rotatable coupling of arm root portion, the arm point portion upper chord member of arm point portion and the arm root upper chord member disconnection of arm root portion, the arm root is connected to the top of the tower strut through first pull rod, arm point portion is connected to the top of the tower strut through the second. According to the tower crane, the lateral bearing capacity of the tower crane boom can be obviously enhanced, the stability of the tower crane boom is enhanced, the upper structure of the tower crane is reduced, and the cost of the tower crane is reduced.

Description

tower crane

technical field

The invention relates to the field of construction hoisting machinery, in particular to a tower crane.

Background technique

For tower cranes with horizontal arms at the tower head, most of them use double boom tie rods, and a few use single tie rods for short boom or small tower cranes, and the boom section adopts a single shape, that is, triangle or quadrilateral.

The above scheme is the best scheme for tower cranes with short boom lengths, but for tower cranes with long boom lengths, especially over 80 meters, double tie rods and two hoists The point spacing becomes larger, thereby reducing the load-carrying capacity of the jib in the vertical plane.

In foreign tower crane manufacturers, in order to obtain a larger effective working range, the cross-sectional size of the boom structure is increased to enhance the lateral load-bearing capacity, but compared with the short-arm long tower crane with the same lifting moment, its superstructure The size is too large, the cost is high, and processing and transportation are difficult, and the maximum length of the foreign boom can only reach 100 meters.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a tower crane, which can significantly enhance the lateral bearing capacity of the boom of the tower crane, enhance the stability of the boom of the tower crane, reduce the upper structure of the tower crane, and reduce the cost of the tower crane .

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a tower crane is provided, including a tower body, a slewing mechanism arranged on the top of the tower body, and an upper structure arranged on the slewing mechanism, the upper structure includes a tower crane jib, tower top brace and balance arm, the tower crane jib includes a jib frame, the jib frame includes an arm root and an arm tip, the section of the arm root is quadrilateral, the section of the arm tip is triangular, and the arm root Fixedly connected to the slewing mechanism, the arm tip lower chord at the arm tip is rotatably connected to the arm root lower chord at the arm root, the arm tip upper chord at the arm tip is disconnected from the arm root upper chord at the arm root, and the arm root The arm tip is connected to the tower top brace through a second tie rod to connect to the tower top brace through a first tie rod.

Further, the connection position between the root of the arm and the tip of the arm is provided with a tie rod bracket mount, and the tower crane jib includes a tie rod brace rotatably arranged on the tie rod brace mount, and the tie rod brace is supported on the second pull rod and prop up the middle of the second tie rod upwards.

Further, the second tie rod includes a first connection section and a second connection section, the first end of the first connection section is connected to the slewing mechanism, the second end of the first connection section is connected to the free end of the tie rod bracket, and the second The first end of the connecting section is connected to the free end of the tie rod brace, and the second end of the second connecting section is connected to the tip of the arm.

Further, the arm tip includes a second hanging point and a third hanging point, the second hanging point is set at the first end of the arm tip close to the arm root, the third hanging point is set at the second end of the arm tip, and the second hanging point is set at the second end of the arm tip. Both the second lifting point and the third lifting point are set on the upper chord at the tip of the arm, there are two second connecting sections, one of the two second connecting sections is connected to the second lifting point, and the other second connecting section is connected to the to the third hanging point.

Further, two first hanging points are arranged on the end of the arm root close to the arm tip, and the two first hanging points are correspondingly arranged on the upper chords of the two arm roots. There are two first pull rods, and the two first pull rods are One-to-one corresponding connection with the two first hanging points.

Further, a temporary installation tie rod is detachably connected between the arm root and the slewing mechanism, and the first end of the temporary installation tie rod is connected to the upper chord of the arm root.

Further, there is a pin connection between the temporary installation tie rod and the upper chord at the root of the arm, and the pin installation hole on the temporary installation tie rod and/or the upper chord at the root of the arm is a waist-shaped hole.

Further, the tower crane also includes a rope-supporting device, which is movably hung below the boom of the tower crane along the length direction of the boom of the tower crane, and the suspension rope of the tower crane is set on the rope-supporting device .

Further, the rope-supporting device includes a bracket and guide parts arranged at two opposite ends of the bracket, the first end of the guide part is provided with a guide mechanism, and the second end of at least one guide part is detachably fixedly connected to the bracket, located at The guide mechanism at the first end of the support extends to the second end of the support, the guide mechanism at the second end of the support extends to the first end of the support, and the two guide mechanisms are arranged oppositely, and the suspension rope is set on the support.

Further, the guide part includes a vertical rod connected to the bracket and a guide mechanism fixedly arranged at the first end of the vertical rod, the guide mechanism includes a roller fixedly arranged at the first end of the vertical rod, and the roller is positioned at the center formed by the two guide parts. In the guide space, the rollers located at both ends of the bracket are oppositely arranged, and the guide part is movably arranged on the boom of the tower crane through the rollers.

Further, the guide part also includes side guide wheels rotatably arranged on the vertical bar, the side guide wheels are located on both sides of the vertical bar adjacent to the side where the rollers are set, and the side guide wheels extend to the guide space, and the side guide wheels It abuts against the outer wall of the boom of the tower crane.

Further, supporting wheels are provided on the bracket, and mounting plates are provided at both ends of the supporting wheels. A limited space is formed between the plates, and the lifting rope is set on the supporting roller.

Further, a tether mechanism is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and the tether mechanism includes a screw mounting seat fixedly arranged on the bracket, and two connecting rods extending along the guiding direction of the guide part are fixedly arranged on the screw mounting seat, and the two connecting rods It is arranged in reverse, and the connecting rod has a bent part for tethering.

Further, the screw mounting seat is provided with a threaded hole, the connecting rod is a threaded connecting rod, and the threaded connecting rod is threadedly connected with the screw mounting seat.

Further, the rope-supporting device is also fixedly provided with a pin shaft connecting seat, and a pin shaft connecting hole is arranged on the pin shaft connecting seat, and the rope-supporting device is selectively connected with the arm root of the jib frame through the pin shaft.

Further, a trolley is movably arranged on the jib of the tower crane, and the rope supporting device includes at least a first rope supporting device and a second rope supporting device, and the first rope supporting device and the second rope supporting device are respectively arranged on two sides of the trolley. end, the two rope-supporting devices are connected by a connecting piece, and the connecting piece defines the distance between the two rope-supporting devices.

Further, the trolley includes a main trolley and an auxiliary trolley, and the rope-supporting device also includes a third rope-supporting device. The direction of the tip is sequentially set on the boom frame, and the first rope-supporting device, the second rope-supporting device and the third rope-supporting device are optionally connected by a connecting piece.

Further, a plurality of pulleys are arranged on the jib frame, and the connecting part is a first anti-falling rope, and the first rope-supporting device, the second rope-supporting device and the third rope-supporting device The falling rope and the first anti-falling rope connected between the rope supporting devices form an annular transmission connection structure.

Further, the connecting piece is a rigid connecting piece.

Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the tower crane includes a tower body, a slewing mechanism arranged on the top of the tower body, and an upper structure arranged on the slewing mechanism, the upper structure includes a tower crane boom, a tower top bracket and a balance arm, It is characterized in that the boom of the tower crane includes a jib frame, the jib frame includes an arm root and an arm tip, the section of the arm root is quadrilateral, the section of the arm tip is triangular, and the arm root is fixedly connected to the slewing mechanism , the arm tip lower chord at the arm tip is rotatably connected to the arm root lower chord at the arm root, the arm tip upper chord at the arm tip is disconnected from the arm root upper chord at the arm root, and the arm root is connected to the The tower top brace, the tip of the arm is connected to the tower top brace through the second tie rod. By adopting the jib structure with variable cross-section, the lateral bearing capacity of the jib can be effectively improved and the maximum effective working range can be increased. The installation and adjustment of the jib tip is more convenient through the hinged connection mode of the jib tip and the jib root, further ensuring the balance of the jib after the jib is adopted with a longer luffing range.

Description of drawings

The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a tower crane jib of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at the boom B of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at the jib D of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 shows a left view structural diagram of the boom root of the boom of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the tip of the jib of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the jib pull rod of the tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 shows a view from direction A of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a tie rod brace of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at C of the jib rod of the tower crane according to the embodiment of Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 shows a front structural schematic diagram of a rope supporting device of a tower crane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 shows a schematic top view of the tower crane's rope support device according to the embodiment of Fig. 11 after adding a pin shaft connection seat;

Fig. 13 shows a left view structural diagram of the tower crane rope supporting device according to the embodiment of Fig. 11 after adding a pin shaft connecting seat;

Fig. 14 shows a schematic structural view of the rope support device according to an embodiment of the present invention when working with a single trolley; and

Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rope support device working with a double trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

As shown in Figure 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a tower crane is provided, including a tower body 10, a slewing mechanism 20 arranged on the top of the tower body 10, and an upper structure 30 arranged on the slewing mechanism 20, wherein The bottom of the tower body 10 is fixedly arranged on the ground through a fixed foundation 11. The tower body 10 includes standard sections that are fixedly connected together. The top of the tower body 10 is provided with a jacking mechanism 12 for adding standard sections. The jacking mechanism 12 Including the climbing frame surrounding the outside of the standard section, according to construction needs, the upper structure 30 of the tower body 10 can be jacked up by the jacking mechanism 12, thereby introducing an integral standard section and raising the height of the tower crane. The parts of the tower body 10 are connected by pin shafts.

The slewing mechanism 20 includes a lower support 21 , a slewing support 22 and an upper support 23 , and the tower body 10 is fixedly connected to the slewing mechanism 20 through the lower support 21 . The slewing support 22 is rotatably arranged on the lower support 21 , and the upper support 23 is fixedly arranged on the slewing support 22 . Among them, the lower support 21, the slewing support 22 and the upper support 23 are connected by high-strength bolts. One side of the upper support 23 is fixedly provided with a driver's cab.

Referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 6, the upper structure 30 of the tower crane includes a tower crane boom 33, a tower top bracket 32 and a balance arm 31, and a tower crane boom 33, a tower top brace 32 and a balance arm 31 are all fixedly connected between the upper bearing 23, and rotate together with the upper bearing 23. The jib 33 and the balance arm 31 of the tower crane are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the upper support 23 , and the tower top bracket 32 is arranged at the front of the balance arm 31 and is located on the top of the superstructure 30 . The tower top brace 32 is rotatably connected to the balance arm 31 , and the top of the tower top brace 32 is respectively connected with a boom pull rod and a balance arm pull rod. The lifting mechanism is arranged at the rear of the balance arm 31 and is located on the upper side of the balance arm 31 . The auxiliary lifting mechanism is provided on the lower side of the balance arm 31 . The electronic control system is distributed on the balance arm 31, the upper support 23 and the driver's cab, and is used to provide control for the hoisting mechanism, the slewing mechanism 20 and the luffing mechanism. The tower top bracket 32 is installed on the top of the balance arm 31 , on which a top pulley block is arranged, and the suspension rope 36 of the tower crane passes through the top pulley block on the tower top bracket 32 . A pin shaft is also arranged on the tower top bracket 32 , and the balance arm pull rod and the jib pull rod are installed on the pin shaft of the tower top bracket 32 at the same time.

The boom 33 of the tower crane includes a jib frame, the jib frame includes an arm root 331 and an arm tip 332, the section of the arm root 331 is quadrilateral, the section of the arm tip 332 is triangular, and the arm root 331 is fixedly connected to the rotating On the upper support 23 of the mechanism 20, the arm tip lower chord 3322 of the arm tip 332 and the arm root lower chord 3312 of the arm root 331 are rotatably connected, and the arm tip upper chord 3321 of the arm tip 332 is connected to the arm tip The upper chord 3311 of the arm root of the root 331 is disconnected, that is, the arm root 331 and the arm tip 332 are only connected by a pin arranged between the lower chords. The arm root 331 is connected to the tower top brace 32 through the first tie rod 42 , and the arm tip 332 is connected to the top end of the tower top brace 32 through the second tie rod 43 .

By adopting the boom root 331 with quadrilateral shape and the boom tip 332 with triangular cross-section lifting jib, the lateral bearing capacity of the jib can be effectively enhanced through the quadrilateral boom root 331 and a reasonable section size can be optimized. It not only solves the problem of the lateral stability of the jib, but also increases the maximum effective working range of the jib, thereby increasing the maximum lifting performance of the lifting equipment, and at the same time reducing the upper structure 30 of the entire tower crane, reducing the overall machine cost. And rotatably connect between the arm root lower chord 3312 of the arm root 331 and the arm tip lower chord 3322 of the arm tip 332, disconnect between the upper chord 3311 of the arm root and the upper chord 3321 of the arm tip, it can be well The problem of deformation of the boom caused by the boom being too long is overcome, and the working stability of the boom is improved.

The tower crane jib 33 includes a first lifting point 36a arranged on the arm root 331, a second lifting point 36b at the first end connecting the arm tip 332 to the arm root 331, and a second lifting point 36b at the second end of the arm tip 332. The third hanging point 36c. The tower crane jib 33 is connected between the tower top bracket 32 of the tower crane through the pull rods connected to the first lifting point 36a, the second lifting point 36b and the third lifting point 36c, and lifts the tower crane through the pull rods. The jib 33 forms a support function, which effectively enhances the load-carrying capacity of the jib 33 of the tower crane. In general, the arm root 331 is relatively shorter than the length of the arm tip 332, therefore, here only the first hanging point 36a is set at the position near the arm tip 332 of the arm root 331, while at the same time The first end and the second end of the tip 332 are respectively provided with a second lifting point 36b and a third lifting point 36c. This setting structure makes the stress structure of the tower crane jib 33 more reasonable and can bear a relatively large load. .

The first suspension point 36a is arranged on the arm root 331 near the end of the arm tip 332, and is arranged at the top position of the arm root 331. The first end of the first pull rod 42 is fixedly connected on the tower top bracket 32, and the second end It is correspondingly connected with the first lifting point 36a, so as to connect the tower top bracket 32 and the jib frame together.

Preferably, since the arm root 331 is a quadrilateral cross-section, there are two upper chords 3311 at the arm root, therefore, there are two first hanging points 36a, and the two first hanging points 36a are arranged on the upper chord 3311 of the arm root 331 The same length position, and correspondingly arranged on the upper chords 3311 of the two arm roots. Correspondingly, there are two first tie rods 42, the first ends of the two first tie rods 42 are connected to the tower top bracket 32, and the second ends are respectively connected to the two first lifting points 36a, so that the boom The frame is adjusted accordingly according to the change of the cross-section of the boom root 331, so that the stress on the jib 33 of the tower crane is more balanced, and the problem of unbalanced force will not occur. Of course, the two first suspension points 36a can also be respectively arranged at different length positions of the upper chords 3311 at the two arm roots.

Referring to Fig. 7 to Fig. 10, a tie rod bracket mount 40 can also be provided at the connection position between the arm root 331 and the arm tip 332. Support the middle part of the second tie rod 43, and prop up the middle part of the second tie rod 43 upwards, thereby increasing the angle between the tie rod and the horizontal plane, increasing the force component of the tie rod in the direction of gravity, and improving the lifting capacity of the boom 33 of the tower crane. Heavy ability.

The second tie rod 43 includes a first connecting section 431 and a second connecting section 432. The first end of the first connecting section 431 is connected to the tower top bracket 32, and the second end of the first connecting section 431 is connected to the tie rod support 41. The free end of the second connecting section 432 is connected to the free end of the tie rod bracket 41 , and the second end of the second connecting section 432 is connected to the arm tip 332 .

The arm tip 332 includes a second hanging point 36b and a third hanging point 36c, the second hanging point 36b is arranged at the first end of the arm tip 332 close to the arm root 331, and the third hanging point 36c is arranged at the end of the arm tip 332. The second end, the second hanging point 36b and the third hanging point 36c are all set on the upper chord 3321 of the arm tip, and there are two second connecting sections 432, one of the two second connecting sections 432 is connected to the second The hanging point 36b is connected to the third hanging point 36c by another second connecting section 432 .

The number of lifting points can also be set on the upper chord along the length direction of the jib frame. When the length of the tower crane jib 33 is small, only one lifting point can be set on the arm tip 332. Specifically The setting method depends on the actual situation.

The tie rod bracket installation seat 40 may be a rotation shaft connected between the two lower chords 3312 at the root of the arms or the two lower chords 3322 at the tip of the arms, and the tie rod bracket 41 is rotatably arranged on the rotation shaft. A limiting structure is provided on the rotating shaft to limit the axial position of the tie rod bracket 41 on the rotating shaft, so as to prevent the pulling rod bracket 41 from sliding during operation and affect the stability of the connection structure. The tie rod bracket mounting seat 40 can also be a rotating shaft mounting seat respectively arranged on the lower chord rods 3312 of the two arm roots or the lower chord rods 3322 of the two arm tip parts, and the rod supporting frame 41 is rotatably arranged on the two rotating shaft mounting seats Inside.

In this embodiment, the tie rod bracket mounting seat 40 is a rotating shaft, and the tie rod brace 41 includes two diagonal braces 411 whose tops are fixedly connected together and whose bottoms are separately arranged. 412 connection. A tie rod positioning seat 413 is provided in the middle of the tie rod bracket 41 , which is used to limit the tie rod when the tie rod is not in a connected state. The bottom of the diagonal brace 411 of the tie rod brace 41 is provided with a shaft hole, and the tie rod brace 41 is rotatably arranged on the tie rod brace mounting seat 40 through the rotation shaft hole. The width of the tie rod brace 41 may be the same as the inner distance between the two lower chords, and the movement of the tie rod brace 41 along the axial direction of the tie rod brace installation seat 40 may be limited by the stop effect of the lower chord. A plurality of pulleys 69 are arranged side by side at the top of the tie rod bracket 41 , and a plurality of connecting segments of the second tie rod 43 are connected to the plurality of pulleys 69 of the tie rod support 41 , and then connected together through pin shafts.

When the length of the jib is short, it is also conceivable to remove the pull rod located on the outermost side connected to the third lifting point 36c, and move the second lifting point 36b outward to balance the force on the jib.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , at the end of the arm root 331 away from the arm tip 332 , a temporary installation pull rod 44 is provided. The first end of the temporary installation tie rod 44 is connected on the upper chord 3311 of the arm root, and the extension length of the upper chord 3311 of the arm root connected with the temporary installation tie rod 44 is smaller than the extension length of the lower chord 3312 of the arm root. The temporary installation pull rod 44 is connected with the upper chord 3311 of the arm root by a pin shaft, and the pin shaft installation hole on the temporary installation pull rod 44 and/or the upper chord 3311 of the arm root is a waist-shaped hole. The temporary installation tie rod 44 is mainly used for supporting the installation of the boom 33 of the tower crane.

In the process of installing the tower crane jib 33, the jib sections of the jib are installed section by section. There is no tie rod at the position, so it cannot form a supporting effect on the jib section. Only when the jib section of the jib frame is installed at the position of the first lifting point 36a, the jib section of the jib root 331 of the jib frame will be formed by the pull rod. Supporting function, before that, the jib sections of the jib were inconvenient to install due to the lack of support, and it was necessary to add an auxiliary support structure to complete the installation of each jib section before the first lifting point 36a. And the appearance of temporarily installing pull rod 44 then solved this problem well. When it is necessary to install the jib sections before the first lifting point 36a, it is only necessary to temporarily install the pull rod 44 to fix the upper chord of the jib section to other structures of the tower crane, so as to support the jib section. Therefore, the installation of subsequent boom sections is facilitated. After the jib section at the first lifting point 36a is installed, the jib root 331 is connected to the tower top bracket 32 through a pull rod, and now the jib can be supported by the pull rods arranged on the jib root 331 and the jib tip 332. The active force of the root 331 is not stressed when the pull rod 44 is temporarily installed. When unloading the jib section of the jib, the unloading of the jib section at the jib root 331 can also be realized by temporarily installing the pull rod 44, which makes the operation more convenient. The waist-shaped hole can be arranged on the temporary installation tie rod 44 or on the upper chord 3311 of the arm root, or both are provided with the waist-shaped hole, and the waist-shaped hole enables the temporary installation tie rod 44 to adjust the tension degree of the jib section of the arm root 331 , so as to adjust the included angle of the boom section relative to the horizontal plane, and by adjusting the tension degree of the temporary installation tie rod 44, the desired installation position of the boom section can be obtained.

The pull rod of the jib 33 of the tower crane is changed from two lifting points in the length direction of the jib to three lifting points, and a pull rod brace 41 is provided at the connecting position of the arm root 331 and the tip 332 of the jib, It can effectively increase the angle between the tie rod and the horizontal plane, reduce the force on the tie rod, thereby enhancing the bearing capacity of the jib frame in the vertical plane, improving the force condition of the jib, and reducing the difficulty of installation at the same time.

The cross section of the arm base 331 is rectangular or trapezoidal.

Referring to Fig. 11 to Fig. 13, on the jib frame of the tower crane, a rope support device 60 can also be arranged to hold up the suspension rope 36 of the tower crane, so as to prevent the suspension rope 36 from drooping too much Affect the normal work of the tower crane. The rope support device 60 includes a bracket 61 and guide parts 62 arranged at two opposite ends of the bracket 61. The first end of the guide part 62 is provided with a guide mechanism 621, and the second end of at least one guide part 62 is detachable from the bracket 61. The guide mechanism 621 located at the first end of the bracket 61 extends toward the second end of the bracket 61, the guide mechanism 621 located at the second end of the bracket 61 extends toward the first end of the bracket 61, and the two guide mechanisms 621 are oppositely arranged. Since the second end of at least one guide part 62 is fixedly connected to the bracket 61 in a detachable manner, it is very convenient to install or disassemble the rope supporting device 60 from the jib frame, and it can also be replaced in time. In this embodiment, the suspension rope 36 includes a hoisting suspension rope and a luffing suspension rope.

The rope-supporting device 60 can be movably arranged on the boom frame along the length direction of the boom frame through two oppositely arranged guide parts 62. After the rope-supporting device 60 is set at a suitable position of the boom frame, the When the lifting rope 36 is set on the supporting rope device 60, the lifting rope 36 can be supported by the supporting rope device 60, so that the supporting rope device 60 can properly adjust the position between the two lifting points of the lifting rope 36 on the boom of the tower crane. The distance between them reduces the sagging amount of the suspension rope 36 to ensure the normal operation of the boom of the tower crane.

The bracket 61 includes a cross bar 611 , the guide portion 62 of the rope-supporting device 60 includes a vertical bar 625 , the first end of the vertical bar 626 is provided with a guide mechanism 621 , and the second end is fixedly connected with the cross bar 611 of the bracket 61 . The guide part 62 is fixedly arranged on the cross bar 611 of the bracket 61 through the vertical bar 625 , and the cross bar 611 and the vertical bar 625 are connected by reinforcing ribs. Preferably, a transition bar 612 perpendicular to the bar 611 is provided at both ends of the bar 611 , and the bar 611 and the vertical bar 625 are connected by the bar 612 . Reinforcing ribs are provided between the transition bar 612 and the vertical bar 625 and between the transition bar 612 and the cross bar 611 . The guiding mechanism 621 includes a roller 622 located in the guiding space formed by the two guiding parts 62 , and the rollers 622 on the two vertical rods 625 at two ends of the bracket 61 are oppositely arranged. The rotation axis direction of the rollers 622 is parallel to the length direction of the bracket 61 , and the two opposite rollers 622 are located on the same rotation axis. The rope supporting device 60 is rotatably arranged on the lower chord of the jib frame through the roller 622 .

The guide part 62 detachably connected with the bracket 61 includes a column 624 whose second end is fixedly connected with a vertical rod 625 , and the guide mechanism 621 is fixedly arranged at the first end of the column 624 . The column 624 and the vertical rod 625 are fixedly connected together by connecting flanges and high-strength bolts. The roller 622 is fixedly disposed on the first end of the column 624 of the guide mechanism 621 .

The guide part 62 also includes side guide wheels 623 rotatably arranged on the column 624 , the side guide wheels 623 are located on two sides adjacent to the side of the column 624 where the rollers 622 are installed, and the side guide wheels 623 extend to the guide space. The rotating shaft direction of side guide wheel 623 is parallel to the length direction of upright post 624, and after rope support device 60 is installed on the jib frame, side guide wheel 623 and the bottom chord of jib frame (comprising arm root bottom chord and arm The outer walls of the lower chord at the tip of the bottom chord) are in contact with each other, so that the jib frame is kept in the guide space without falling out of the rope support device 60, which not only reduces the distance between the rope support device 60 and the lifting force during its movement. The frictional force between the arm frames also ensures the stability and reliability of the installation structure of the rope support device 60 . Side guide wheels 623 are provided on both sides of the upright column 624 , which can further ensure the structural stability of the rope supporting device 60 .

The cross bar 611 of the support 61 is provided with a supporting wheel 65, the two ends of the supporting wheel 65 are provided with a mounting plate 651, the mounting plate 651 is fixedly arranged on the support 61, the supporting wheel 65 is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate 651, and is located on the support A limiting space is formed between two opposite mounting plates 651 at both ends of the wheel 65 . The ends of the two opposite mounting plates 651 away from the cross bar 611 are bent outwards to form a limiting space with a large top and a small bottom, which is more convenient for the introduction of the suspension rope 36 . The suspension rope 36 of the tower crane is arranged between two opposite installation plates 651 , and is set on the corresponding support roller 65 .

A plurality of support wheels 65 can be arranged on the cross bar 611 of the bracket 61 along the length direction, and are respectively used to support different types of suspension ropes 36 . With such an arrangement structure, it is also possible to prevent the ropes 36 of the tower crane from being messed up to some extent.

Supporting rope device 60 also can not be provided with supporting wheel 65, but directly is arranged on the crossbar 611 of support 61 by hanging rope, this moment, in order to reduce friction, reduce the hindering action of crossbar 611 to the movement of hanging rope, can cross The bar is set as a round bar, and then the suspension rope is set up on the cross bar 611 .

In order to prevent messy ropes, a plurality of space-limiting structures can also be set on the cross bar 611 along the length direction, and then different types of suspension ropes are respectively arranged in different space-limiting structures, and then the part of the space-limiting structure supporting the suspension rope It is set as a circular arc support surface to reduce the wear and hindrance of the limit structure on the hanging rope.

A tether mechanism 66 is also fixedly arranged on the cross bar 611 of the bracket 61. The tether mechanism 66 includes a screw mount 661 fixedly arranged on the bracket 61. Two connecting rods 662, the two connecting rods 662 are arranged in opposite directions, and are respectively located on two sides of the cross bar 611, and the connecting rods 662 have a bent portion 663 for tethering. Preferably, the screw mounting base 661 is provided with a threaded hole, the connecting rod is a threaded connecting rod, and the threaded connecting rod is threadedly connected with the screw mounting base 661 . Through the threaded fitting structure, the extension length of the threaded connecting rod can be adjusted, and the tightness of the connecting piece arranged between the two rope supporting devices 60 can be adjusted, so that the two rope supporting devices 60 can play a better role in hanging. Rope 36 anti-drop effect.

A pin shaft connecting seat 64 is also fixedly arranged on the rope supporting device 60 , and a pin shaft connecting seat 64 is provided with a pin shaft connecting hole. The rope supporting device 60 can be connected with other components on the tower crane through the pin shaft connection hole, so that the arrangement of the rope supporting device 60 can be determined according to the specific structure of the tower crane. The specific usage of the pin shaft connecting seat 64 of the rope supporting device 60 will be described in detail in the following operation method. Here, the pin shaft connected to the rope supporting device 60 is connected to the rope supporting device 60 or the jib frame through a connecting piece such as a hinge, and when the pin shaft is not in use, the pin shaft can also be prevented from being lost.

Referring to Fig. 14 and Fig. 15, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tower crane boom 33 of the tower crane includes a boom frame including two lower chords arranged in parallel, and the tower crane boom also includes the above-mentioned Rope support device 60. When there is one trolley, there are at least two rope supporting devices 60, which are respectively a first rope supporting device 60a and a second rope supporting device 60b, and the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b are respectively arranged on two sides of the trolley side, and the first rope supporting device 60a is arranged on the side of the trolley close to the jib root of the jib frame, and the second rope supporting device 60b is arranged on the other side. The two rope-supporting devices 60 are connected by a connecting piece, and the rope-supporting device 60 is movably arranged on the lower chord of the boom frame (including the bottom chord of the boom root and the arm root) along the length direction of the boom frame through the guide part 62 . On the lower chord at the tip), the suspension rope 36 of the boom of the tower crane is set on the rope support device 60. The connection between the two rope support devices 60 may be a rigid connection or a fall prevention rope. Preferably, when the two rope support devices 60 are only connected by a connection, the connection is a rigid connection. The distance between the two rope support devices 60 can be well controlled through the rigid connector. Even if the trolley moves, the two rope support devices 60 will also be linked accordingly, so as to keep supporting the suspension rope 36 all the time. Reduce the drooping amount of suspension rope 36, guarantee the normal work of tower crane boom. The rigid connector can be selected with an appropriate length according to the length of the jib, so that the anti-fall effect on the suspension rope 36 can be improved. Certainly, more rope supporting devices 60 may also be arranged along the length direction of the jib.

When the two supporting rope devices 60 are connected by the first anti-fall rope 68a, a plurality of pulleys 69 can be set on the top of the jib frame, and then the second anti-fall rope 68b is wound around the pulley 69, Finally, it is connected to the two supporting rope devices 60, and together with the first fall prevention rope 68a between the two supporting rope devices 60, forms an annular transmission connection structure. When the trolley moves to the position where one rope-supporting device 60 is located and drives the rope-supporting device 60 to move together, the other rope-supporting device 60 also moves accordingly due to the ring-shaped transmission connection structure, and is maintained by the ring-shaped transmission connection structure. The distance between the two rope-supporting devices 60 ensures that the rope-supporting devices 60 always have better rope-supporting and fall-prevention effects. In each embodiment of the present invention, the pulleys used to wind the second fall prevention rope 68b are all fixed pulleys.

When connecting the anti-falling rope, the two ends of the first anti-falling rope 68a between the two supporting rope devices 60 are respectively connected to the bending parts 663 of the threaded connecting rods inside the two supporting rope devices 60, and are wound around the The two ends of the second anti-falling rope 68b on the pulley 69 are respectively connected on the bending portion 663 of the threaded connecting rod on the outside of the two rope-supporting devices 60, when the rope-supporting device 60 is connected with the first anti-falling rope 68a and the second anti-falling rope 68a and the second anti-falling After the connection between the falling ropes 68b is completed, if the anti-falling rope is too loose, it will affect the anti-falling effect of the supporting rope device 60 on the suspension rope 36. At this time, the anti-falling rope can be tightened by rotating the threaded connecting rod. Make the setting of the anti-falling rope meet the requirements of use.

When there are two trolleys, the trolley includes the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34, and the rope supporting device 60 also includes the third rope supporting device 60c, the first rope supporting device 60a, the auxiliary trolley 34, the third rope supporting device 60c, the main trolley 35 and the second rope-supporting device 60b are sequentially arranged on the jib frame along the direction from the arm root 331 to the arm tip 332, between the first rope-supporting device 60a, the second rope-supporting device 60b and the third rope-supporting device 60c Optionally connected via connectors.

Since the auxiliary trolley 34 has a use state and a non-use state according to the construction needs, the first rope support device 60a, the second rope support device 60b and the third rope support device 60c can be selectively connected by a connecting piece, so that The connection relationship of the first rope-supporting device 60a, the second rope-supporting device 60b and the third rope-supporting device 60c is set according to the working state of the auxiliary trolley 34. When the auxiliary trolley 34 is in the non-use state, it is necessary to use the pin shaft connecting seat 64 mentioned above. At this time, the first rope support device 60a can be fixedly connected to the arm root 331 through the pin shaft connecting seat 64, and The auxiliary trolley 34 is fixedly connected with the first rope supporting device 60a. At this time, there is a connection relationship between the second rope support device 60b and the third rope support device 60c, but there is no connection relationship between the second rope support device 60b, the third rope support device 60c and the first rope support device 60a, The first rope support device 60a is in an idle state.

When the auxiliary trolley 34 is also in use, it is necessary to connect the first rope-supporting device 60a and the second rope-supporting device 60b along the direction from the root of the arm 331 to the tip of the arm 332 through a connecting piece, which can be a rigid connecting piece Or a fall arrest rope. When the connector is the first anti-falling rope 68a, a plurality of pulleys 69 are arranged on the jib frame, and the first rope support device 60a, the second rope support device 60b and the third rope support device 60c are connected by winding The second anti-fall rope 68b on the pulley 69 and the first anti-fall rope 68a connected between the rope supporting devices 60 form an annular transmission connection structure.

When the trolley only includes the main trolley 35, the method for preventing the fall of the suspension rope 36 includes: installing the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b on the lower chords of the jib frame on both sides of the main trolley 35 movably respectively , connect the two rope support devices 60 through a connector (the first fall prevention rope 68a or a rigid connector), and fix one end of the second fall prevention rope 68b to the bolt connection rod on the outside of the first rope support device 60a After the other end of the second anti-falling rope 68b is wound on a plurality of pulleys 69, it is fixedly connected to the bolt connecting rod on the outside of the second rope-supporting device 60b, so that the two rope-supporting devices 60 pass through the second anti-falling rope 68b form a ring-shaped transmission connection structure with the connecting piece; The suspension ropes are respectively arranged in the limiting spaces formed by the mounting plates 651 at both ends of the supporting wheel 65 , and then connected to the main trolley 35 .

Referring to Fig. 14, when the trolley includes the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34, but only the main trolley 35 is used and the auxiliary trolley 34 is in an idle state, the method for preventing falling of the sling 36 includes: firstly, the first rope support device 60a can be moved fixedly connected to the arm root 331 of the jib frame; then the auxiliary trolley 34 is fixedly connected to the first rope-supporting device 60a; the second rope-supporting device 60b and the third rope-supporting device 60c are respectively movably arranged on the main on the lower chord of the jib frame on both sides of the trolley 35, and make the second rope support device 60b between the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34, and then between the second rope support device 60b and the third rope support device 60c Connect with the first anti-fall rope 68a, make the first end of the first anti-fall rope 68a be fixedly connected on the bolt connecting rod on the inner side of the second rope support device 60b, and fix the second end of the first anti-fall rope 68a Be connected on the bolt connecting rod of the inner side of the 3rd supporting rope device 60c; One end of the second anti-falling rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt connecting rod of the outside of the second supporting rope device 60b, the other end of the second falling preventing rope 68b After one end is wound on a plurality of pulleys 69, it is fixedly connected to the bolt connecting rod on the outside of the third rope support device 60c, so that the two rope support devices 60 form a ring-shaped transmission connection structure through two anti-fall ropes; The hoisting rope and the luffing rope respectively go around the support pulley 65 of the second rope support device 60 b and the third rope support device 60 c and are connected to the main trolley 35 .

When using a single trolley for construction, the anti-falling principle is as follows: the rope support device 60 is placed on the boom like the trolley, and the lifting rope is freely placed on one of the supporting wheels 65 of the rope support device 60, and the luffing rope is free Put on another supporting wheel 65, the rope supporting device 60 can move back and forth on the jib frame through the roller 622. When using a single trolley, the first rope support device 60a, the auxiliary trolley 34 and the jib frame are fixedly connected together, and will not move on the jib frame. When the main trolley 35 moves on the boom, until it touches the third rope support device 60c and continues to move toward the side where the third rope support device 60c is located, the second rope support device 60b is pulled by the anti-falling rope to the third rope support device. The side on which the device 60c is located moves. Similarly, when the trolley moves toward the second rope-supporting device 60b and touches it, it will pull the third rope-supporting device 60c to move. When the main dolly 35 moved between the two rope-supporting devices 60, then the two rope-supporting devices 60 did not move. Controlling the length of the first anti-falling rope 68a between the second supporting rope device 60b and the third supporting rope device 60c like this is equivalent to shortening the span of the boom by half, and the sagging amount of the suspension rope 36 can be greatly improved. good control.

Referring to Fig. 15, when the trolley includes the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34, and when the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34 are used at the same time, the method for preventing falling of the sling 36 includes: firstly, the first rope support device 60a is movably arranged on The arm root 331 of the jib frame; then the third roping device 60c is movably arranged on the lower chord of the jib frame between the auxiliary trolley 34 and the main trolley 35, and the second roping device 60b is movably It is arranged on the lower chord of the jib near the arm tip side of the main trolley 35; the first rope support device 60a and the second rope support device 60b are connected by the first fall prevention rope 68a, so that the first fall prevention rope 68a The first end of the first end is fixedly connected on the bolt connecting rod on the inner side of the first rope supporting device 60a, and the second end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt connecting rod on the inner side of the second rope supporting device 60b; One end of the second anti-falling rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt connecting rod on the outside of the first rope supporting device 60a, and after the other end of the second anti-falling rope 68b is wound on a plurality of pulleys 69, it is fixedly connected to the second supporting rope 68b. On the bolt connecting rod outside the rope device 60b, the two supporting rope devices 60 form an annular transmission connection structure through the second anti-falling rope 68b and the first anti-falling rope 68a; the main trolley 35 and the auxiliary trolley 34 are fixedly connected; The suspension rope and the luffing suspension rope respectively go around the supporting wheels 65 of the first rope support device 60 a and the third rope support device 60 c and are connected to the main trolley 35 .

When using double trolleys for construction, the principle of anti-falling is the same as that of single trolley construction, and will not be repeated here.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have achieved the following technical effects: the tower crane includes a tower body, a slewing mechanism arranged on the top of the tower body, and an upper structure arranged on the slewing mechanism, the upper structure It includes a tower crane jib, a tower top brace and a balance jib. It is characterized in that the tower crane jib includes a jib frame, and the jib frame includes an arm root and an arm tip. The section of the arm root is quadrilateral, and the arm The section of the tip is triangular, the root of the arm is fixedly connected to the slewing mechanism, the lower chord of the arm tip of the arm tip is rotatably connected with the lower chord of the arm root of the arm root, the upper chord of the arm tip of the arm tip is connected with the lower chord of the arm root The upper chord at the root of the arm is disconnected, the root of the arm is connected to the brace at the top of the tower through the first tie rod, and the tip of the arm is connected to the brace at the top of the tower through the second tie rod. By adopting the jib structure with variable cross-section, the lateral bearing capacity of the jib can be effectively improved and the maximum effective working range can be increased. The installation and adjustment of the jib tip is more convenient through the hinged connection mode of the jib tip and the jib root, further ensuring the balance of the jib after the jib is adopted with a longer luffing range.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (19)

1. a tower crane, comprise tower body (10), be arranged on the swing type mechanism (20) at described tower body (10) top, and the topside (30) be arranged on described swing type mechanism (20), described topside (30) comprises derrick runway girder (33), tower top support (32) and equilibrium arm (31), it is characterized in that, described derrick runway girder (33) comprises elevator boom rack, described elevator boom rack comprises arm roots (331) and arm tip (332), the cross section of described arm roots (331) is quadrangle, the cross section of described arm tip (332) is triangle, described arm roots (331) is fixedly connected on described swing type mechanism (20), arm tip lower boom (3322) of described arm tip (332) and the arm roots lower boom (3312) of described arm roots (331) are rotatably connected, arm tip top boom (3321) of described arm tip (332) and the arm roots top boom (3311) of described arm roots (331) disconnect, described arm roots (331) is connected to described tower top support (32) by the first pull bar (42), described arm tip (332) is connected to described tower top support (32) by the second pull bar (43).

2. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described arm roots (331) is provided with pull bar support mount pad (40) with the connection location of described arm tip (332), described derrick runway girder (33) comprises the pull bar support (41) be arranged on rotationally on described pull bar support mount pad (40), described pull bar support (41) is supported on the middle part of described second pull bar (43), and is upwards propped up at the middle part of described second pull bar (43).

3. tower crane according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described second pull bar (43) comprises the first linkage section (431) and the second linkage section (432), the first end of described first linkage section (431) is connected on described swing type mechanism (20), second end of described first linkage section (431) is connected to the free end of described pull bar support (41), the first end of described second linkage section (432) is connected on the free end of described pull bar support (41), second end of described second linkage section (432) is connected on described arm tip (332).

4. tower crane according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described arm tip (332) comprises the second suspension centre (36b) and the 3rd suspension centre (36c), described second suspension centre (36b) is arranged on the first end of the close described arm roots (331) of described arm tip (332), described 3rd suspension centre (36c) is arranged on the second end of described arm tip (332), described second suspension centre (36b) and described 3rd suspension centre (36c) are all arranged on described arm tip top boom (3321), described second linkage section (432) is two, one of them of two described second linkage sections (432) is connected to described second suspension centre (36b), second linkage section (432) described in another is connected to described 3rd suspension centre (36c).

5. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper one end near described arm tip (332) of described arm roots (331) is provided with two the first suspension centres (36a), two described first suspension centre (36a) correspondences are arranged on two described arm roots top booms (3311), described first pull bar (42) has two, and two described first pull bars (42) connect one to one with two described first suspension centres (36a).

6. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, removably be connected with between described arm roots (331) and described swing type mechanism (20) and install pull bar (44) temporarily, the first end of described interim installation pull bar (44) is connected on described arm roots top boom (3311).

7. tower crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, be pinned connection between described interim installation pull bar (44) and described arm roots top boom (3311), the bearing pin mounting hole on described interim installation pull bar (44) and/or described arm roots top boom (3311) is waist shaped hole.

8. tower crane according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described tower crane also comprises rope supporting device (60), described rope supporting device (60) is hung on the below of described derrick runway girder (33) movingly along the length direction of described derrick runway girder (33), and the lifting rope (36) of described tower crane is set up on described rope supporting device (60).

9. tower crane according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rope supporting device (60) comprises support (61) and is arranged on the guide part (62) of two opposite ends of described support (61), the first end of described guide part (62) is provided with guiding mechanism (621), second end of guide part described at least one (62) is removably fixedly connected with between described support (61), be positioned at the second end extension of described guiding mechanism (621) to described support (61) of described support (61) first end, the described guiding mechanism (621) being positioned at described support (61) second end extends to the first end of described support (61), and two described guiding mechanisms (621) are oppositely arranged, described lifting rope (36) is set up on described support (61).

10. tower crane according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) comprises the guiding mechanism (621) of the montant (625) be connected with described support (61) and the first end being fixedly installed on described montant (625), described guiding mechanism (621) comprises the roller (622) of the first end being fixedly installed on described montant (625), described roller (622) is positioned at the guide space that two described guide parts (62) are formed, and the described roller (622) being positioned at described support (61) two ends is oppositely arranged, described guide part is arranged on described derrick runway girder (33) movingly by described roller (622).

11. tower cranes according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) also comprises the side track adjusting wheel (623) be arranged on rotationally on described montant (625), described side track adjusting wheel (623) is positioned at the both sides adjacent with arranging described roller (622) side of described montant (625), and described side track adjusting wheel (623) extends to described guide space, described side track adjusting wheel (63) abuts against with the lateral wall of described derrick runway girder (33).

12. tower cranes according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described support (61) is provided with support roller (65), the two ends of described support roller (65) are provided with adapter plate (651), described adapter plate (651) is fixedly installed on described support (61), described support roller (65) is arranged on described adapter plate (651) rotationally, form spacing space between two adapter plates be oppositely arranged (651) being positioned at described support roller (65) two ends, described lifting rope (36) is arranged on described support roller (65).

13. tower cranes according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described support (61) is fixedly installed tie mechanisms (66), described tie mechanisms (66) comprises the screw rod mount pad (661) be fixedly installed on described support (61), described screw rod mount pad (661) is fixedly installed two pipe links (662) that the guide direction along described guide part (62) extends, two described pipe links (662) are oppositely arranged, and described pipe link (662) have the bending part (663) for tether.

14. tower cranes according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described screw rod mount pad (661) is provided with tapped bore, described pipe link (662) is whorl brace rod, is threaded between described whorl brace rod with described screw rod mount pad (661).

15. tower cranes according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rope supporting device (60) is also fixedly installed pinned connection seat (64), described pinned connection seat (64) is provided with pinned connection hole, and described rope supporting device (60) is connected with the arm roots (331) of described elevator boom rack by bearing pin.

16. tower cranes according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, (33) are provided with dolly to described derrick runway girder movably, described rope supporting device (60) at least comprises the first rope supporting device (60a) and the second rope supporting device (60b), described first rope supporting device (60a) and described second rope supporting device (60b) are separately positioned on the two ends of described dolly, connected by attaching parts between two described rope supporting devices (60), described attaching parts limits the spacing between two described rope supporting devices (60).

17. tower cranes according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described dolly comprises main carriage (35) and secondary dolly (34), described rope supporting device (60) also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described first rope supporting device (60a), described secondary dolly (34), described 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described main carriage (35) and described second rope supporting device (60b) are successively set on described elevator boom rack along arm roots (331) to the direction of arm tip (332), described first rope supporting device (60a), described second rope supporting device (60b) is connected by described attaching parts with two or three in described 3rd rope supporting device (60c).

18. tower cranes according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described elevator boom rack is provided with multiple pulley (69), described attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope (68a), and described first rope supporting device (60a), described second rope supporting device (60b) and described 3rd rope supporting device (60c) form endless drive connection structure by second fall prevention rope (68b) of winding on described pulley (69) and the first fall prevention rope (68a) be connected between described rope supporting device (60).

19. tower cranes according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described attaching parts is rigid connector.