CN102942124B - Tower crane - Google Patents
Tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102942124B CN102942124B CN201210460536.2A CN201210460536A CN102942124B CN 102942124 B CN102942124 B CN 102942124B CN 201210460536 A CN201210460536 A CN 201210460536A CN 102942124 B CN102942124 B CN 102942124B
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Abstract
The invention provides a tower crane, which comprises a tower body, a slewing mechanism which is arranged at the top of the tower body, and a superstructure which is arranged on the slewing mechanism. The superstructure comprises a tower crane jib, a top mast and a balance arm. The tower crane is characterized in that the tower crane jib comprises a jib frame, the jib frame comprises a jib root and a jib tip, the section of the jib root is quadrilateral, the section of the jib tip is triangular, the jib root is fixedly connected with the slewing mechanism, the jib tip lower chord of the jib tip is rotatably connected with the jib root lower chord of the jib root, the jib tip upper chord of the jib tip is disconnected from the jib root upper chord of the jib root, the jib root is connected to the top mast through a first draw bar and the jib tip is connected to the top mast through a second draw bar. The tower crane has the advantages that the lateral bearing capacity of the tower crane jib can be obviously improved, the stability of the tower crane jib is improved, the superstructure of the tower crane is reduced and the cost of the tower crane is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction hoisting machinery field, in particular to a kind of tower crane.
Background technology
For the tower crane having tower head horizontal arm, mostly adopt two crane arm pull bar, adopt simplex pull rod for galianconism or small-sized tower machine minority, crane arm cross section adopts single shape, namely adopts triangle or quadrangle.
Taking such scheme, for the tower crane that boom length is shorter, is preferred plan, but very long for boom length, the especially tower crane of length more than 80 meters, adopts duplex pull rod, two suspension centre spacing become large, thus weaken the load-carrying capacity of jib in vertical plane surface.
Abroad in tower crane manufacturer, in order to obtain larger effective work range, increase hoisting arm structure sectional dimension to strengthen load-carrying capacity of leaning to one side, but compared with the long tower machine of the galianconism identical with hoisting moment, its topside size is bigger than normal, cost is higher, and processes and transport difficult, and external crane arm extreme length also can only reach 100 meters at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of tower crane, significantly can strengthen the side direction load-carrying capacity of derrick runway girder, strengthens the stability of derrick runway girder, reduces the topside of tower crane, reduces the cost of tower crane.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of tower crane, comprise tower body, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at tower body top, and the topside be arranged on swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, tower top support and equilibrium arm, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, arm roots is connected to tower top support by the first pull bar, arm tip is connected to tower top support by the second pull bar.
Further, the connection location of arm roots and arm tip is provided with pull bar support mount pad, derrick runway girder comprises the pull bar support be arranged on rotationally on pull bar support mount pad, and pull bar support is supported on the middle part of the second pull bar, and is upwards propped up at the middle part of the second pull bar.
Further, second pull bar comprises the first linkage section and the second linkage section, the first end of the first linkage section is connected on swing type mechanism, second end of the first linkage section is connected to the free end of pull bar support, the first end of the second linkage section is connected on the free end of pull bar support, and the second end of the second linkage section is connected on arm tip.
Further, arm tip comprises the second suspension centre and the 3rd suspension centre, second suspension centre is arranged on the first end of the close arm roots of arm tip, 3rd suspension centre is arranged on the second end of arm tip, second suspension centre and the 3rd suspension centre are all arranged on the top boom of arm tip, second linkage section is two, and one of them of two the second linkage sections is connected to the second suspension centre, and another second linkage section is connected to the 3rd suspension centre.
Further, the one end near arm tip on arm roots is provided with two the first suspension centres, and two the first suspension centre correspondences are arranged on two arm roots top booms, and the first pull bar has two, and two the first pull bars and two the first suspension centres connect one to one.
Further, be removably connected with and install pull bar temporarily between arm roots and swing type mechanism, the interim first end installing pull bar is connected on arm roots top boom.
Further, be pinned connection between interim installation pull bar and arm roots top boom, the interim bearing pin mounting hole installed on pull bar and/or arm roots top boom is waist shaped hole.
Further, tower crane also comprises rope supporting device, and rope supporting device is hung on the below of derrick runway girder movingly along the length direction of derrick runway girder, and the lifting rope of tower crane is set up on rope supporting device.
Further, rope supporting device comprises support and is arranged on the guide part of two opposite ends of support, the first end of guide part is provided with guiding mechanism, second end of at least one guide part is removably fixedly connected with between support, be positioned at the second end extension of guiding mechanism to support of support first end, the guiding mechanism being positioned at support second end extends to the first end of support, and two guiding mechanisms are oppositely arranged, and lifting rope is set up on support.
Further, guide part comprises the guiding mechanism of the montant be connected with support and the first end being fixedly installed on montant, guiding mechanism comprises the roller of the first end being fixedly installed on montant, roller is positioned at the guide space that two guide parts are formed, and the roller being positioned at support two ends is oppositely arranged, guide part is arranged on derrick runway girder movingly by roller.
Further, guide part also comprises the side track adjusting wheel be arranged on rotationally on montant, and side track adjusting wheel is positioned at the both sides adjacent with arranging roller side of montant, and side track adjusting wheel extends to guide space, and the lateral wall of side track adjusting wheel and derrick runway girder abuts against.
Further, support is provided with support roller, the two ends of support roller are provided with adapter plate, adapter plate is fixedly installed on support, support roller is arranged on a mounting board rotationally, and between two adapter plates be oppositely arranged at support roller two ends, form spacing space, lifting rope is arranged on support roller.
Further, support is fixedly installed tie mechanisms, tie mechanisms comprises the screw rod mount pad be fixedly installed on support, screw rod mount pad is fixedly installed two pipe links that the guide direction along guide part extends, two pipe links are oppositely arranged, and pipe link have the bending part for tether.
Further, screw rod mount pad is provided with tapped bore, pipe link is whorl brace rod, is threaded between whorl brace rod with screw rod mount pad.
Further, rope supporting device is also fixedly installed pinned connection seat, pinned connection seat is provided with pinned connection hole, rope supporting device is selectively connected with the arm roots of elevator boom rack by bearing pin.
Further, derrick runway girder is provided with dolly movably, rope supporting device at least comprises the first rope supporting device and the second rope supporting device, first rope supporting device and the second rope supporting device are separately positioned on the two ends of dolly, connected by attaching parts between two rope supporting devices, attaching parts limits the spacing between two rope supporting devices.
Further, dolly comprises main carriage and secondary dolly, rope supporting device also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device, first rope supporting device, secondary dolly, the 3rd rope supporting device, main carriage and the second rope supporting device are successively set on elevator boom rack along arm roots to the direction of arm tip, the first rope supporting device, connect optionally by attaching parts between the second rope supporting device and the 3rd rope supporting device.
Further, elevator boom rack is provided with multiple pulley, attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope, and the first rope supporting device, the second rope supporting device and the 3rd rope supporting device are by second fall prevention rope of winding on pulley and the first fall prevention rope formation endless drive connection structure be connected between rope supporting device.
Further, attaching parts is rigid connector.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, tower crane comprises tower body, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at tower body top, and the topside be arranged on swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, tower top support and equilibrium arm, it is characterized in that, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, arm roots is connected to tower top support by the first pull bar, arm tip is connected to tower top support by the second pull bar.By adopting the elevator boom rack structure of variable section, effectively can improve the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack, increasing maximum effective work range.By making arm tip and the hinged connection mode of arm roots, making the install and adjust of arm tip convenient, ensureing to adopt the degree of balance of jib after the elevator boom rack of longer luffing further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the derrick runway girder of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram at the derrick runway girder B place of the embodiment according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram at the derrick runway girder D place of the embodiment according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows the left TV structure schematic diagram of the arm roots of the derrick runway girder of the embodiment according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 shows the cross section structure schematic diagram of the arm tip of the derrick runway girder of the embodiment according to Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 shows the derrick runway girder Tiebar structure schematic diagram of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 shows the A direction view of the tower crane of the embodiment according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 shows the structural representation of the pull bar support of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram at the C place of the derrick runway girder pull bar of the embodiment according to Fig. 7;
Figure 11 shows the main TV structure schematic diagram of the rope supporting device of tower crane according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 shows the plan structure schematic diagram after the rope supporting device interpolation pinned connection seat of the tower crane of the embodiment according to Figure 11;
Figure 13 shows the left TV structure schematic diagram after the rope supporting device interpolation pinned connection seat of the tower crane of the embodiment according to Figure 11;
Figure 14 shows structural representation when rope supporting device and single crab cooperating according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 15 shows structural representation when rope supporting device and double trolley cooperating according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter also describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
As shown in Figure 1, according to embodiments of the invention, provide a kind of tower crane, comprise tower body 10, be arranged on the swing type mechanism 20 at tower body 10 top, and the topside 30 be arranged on swing type mechanism 20, wherein the bottom of tower body 10 is fixedly installed on the ground by fixed base 11, tower body 10 comprises the standard knot that more piece is fixed together, the top of tower body 10 is provided with the lifting body 12 for adding standard knot, lifting body 12 comprises the climbing support be around in outside standard knot, lifting body 12 jack-up tower body 10 topside 30 can be passed through according to construction needs, thus introduce integral type standard knot, raise the height of tower machine.Pinned connection is passed through between the Each part of tower body 10.
Swing type mechanism 20 comprises undersetting 21, pivoting support 22 and upper bracket 23, and tower body 10 is by being fixedly connected with between undersetting 21 with swing type mechanism 20.Pivoting support 22 is arranged on undersetting 21 rotationally, and upper bracket 23 is fixedly installed on pivoting support 22.Wherein undersetting 21, be pass through high strength exploitation between pivoting support 22 and upper bracket 23.Driver's cab is fixedly installed in the side of upper bracket 23.
In conjunction with see shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 6, the topside 30 of tower crane comprises derrick runway girder 33, tower top support 32 and equilibrium arm 31, derrick runway girder 33, tower top support 32 and equilibrium arm 31 are all fixedly connected with between upper bracket 23, and rotate with upper bracket 23.Wherein derrick runway girder 33 and equilibrium arm 31 are separately positioned on the front and back end of upper bracket 23, and tower top support 32 is arranged on the front portion of equilibrium arm 31, and are positioned at the top of topside 30.Be connected rotationally between tower top support 32 with equilibrium arm 31, the top of tower top support 32 is connected to crane arm pull bar and balance arm brace.Lifting mechanism is arranged on the rear portion of equilibrium arm 31, and is positioned at the upside of equilibrium arm 31.Auxiliary lifting mechanism is arranged on the downside of equilibrium arm 31.Electric-control system intersperses among on equilibrium arm 31, upper bracket 23 and driver's cab, for providing control for lifting mechanism, swing type mechanism 20 and luffing mechanism.Tower top support 32 is arranged on the top of equilibrium arm 31, is provided with top pulleys group, the top pulleys group on the lifting rope 36 pile warp tower top support 32 of tower crane.Tower top support 32 is also provided with bearing pin, and equilibrium arm pull bar and crane arm pull bar are arranged on the bearing pin of tower top support 32 simultaneously.
Derrick runway girder 33 comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots 331 and arm tip 332, the cross section of arm roots 331 is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip 332 is triangle, arm roots 331 is fixedly connected on the upper bracket 23 of swing type mechanism 20, for being rotatably connected between the arm tip lower boom 3322 of arm tip 332 and the arm roots lower boom 3312 of arm roots 331, the arm tip top boom 3321 of arm tip 332 is separated with the arm roots top boom 3311 of arm roots 331, namely between arm roots 331 and arm tip 332 by means of only the pinned connection be arranged between lower boom.Arm roots 331 is connected to tower top support 32 by the first pull bar 42, and arm tip 332 is connected to the top of tower top support 32 by the second pull bar 43.
By adopting, arm roots 331 is quadrangle, arm tip 332 is leg-of-mutton variable section elevator boom rack, the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack effectively can be strengthened by the arm roots 331 of quadrangular section, the rational sectional dimension of optimization, therefore elevator boom rack lateral stability sex chromosome mosaicism had both been solved, increase again maximum effective work range of elevator boom rack, and then increase the maximum lifting performance of weight-lifting equipment, reduce the topside 30 of whole tower crane simultaneously, reduce the cost of complete machine.And will be rotatably connected between the arm roots lower boom 3312 of arm roots 331 and the arm tip lower boom 3322 of arm tip 332, arm roots top boom 3311 is separated with arm tip top boom 3321, the elevator boom rack problem on deformation brought when elevator boom rack is long can be overcome again well, improve the working stability of elevator boom rack.
Derrick runway girder 33 comprises the first suspension centre 36a be arranged on arm roots 331, be positioned at the second suspension centre 36b of the first end that arm tip 332 is connected with arm roots 331 and be positioned at the 3rd suspension centre 36c of the second end of arm tip 332.Derrick runway girder 33 is connected by being connected between pull bar on the first suspension centre 36a, the second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c and the tower top support 32 of tower crane, and by pull bar, supporting role is formed to derrick runway girder 33, effectively strengthen the weight load-carrying capacity of derrick runway girder 33.In the ordinary course of things, arm roots 331 is shorter than the length of arm tip 332 comparatively speaking, therefore, only be provided with the first suspension centre 36a in the position of the close arm tip 332 of arm roots 331 herein, and first end simultaneously in arm tip 332 and the second end are provided with the second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c respectively, this kind arranges structure and makes the force structure of derrick runway girder 33 more reasonable, can bear larger load.
First suspension centre 36a is arranged on the one end near arm tip 332 on arm roots 331, and be arranged on the tip position of arm roots 331, the first end of the first pull bar 42 is fixedly connected on tower top support 32, second end is corresponding with the first suspension centre 36a to be connected, thus tower top support 32 and elevator boom rack is linked together.
Preferably, because arm roots 331 is quadrangular section, its arm roots top boom 3311 has two, thus, first suspension centre 36a is two, two the first suspension centre 36a are arranged on the same extension position of the arm roots top boom 3311 of arm roots 331, and correspondence is arranged on two arm roots top booms 3311 respectively.Correspondingly, first pull bar 42 is two, the first end of two the first pull bars 42 is connected to tower top support 32 jointly, second end is connected on two the first suspension centre 36a, so, elevator boom rack has then made corresponding adjustment according to the changes of section of arm roots 331, makes the stressed more balanced of derrick runway girder 33, and stressed unbalance problem can not occur.Certainly, two the first suspension centre 36a are also the different length positions that can be separately positioned on two arm roots top booms 3311.
In conjunction with see shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 10, at arm roots 331 and the connection location of arm tip 332, pull bar support mount pad 40 can also be set, pull bar support mount pad 40 can be used for installing pull bar support 41, pull bar support 41 is supported on the middle part of the second pull bar 43, and the middle part of the second pull bar 43 is upwards propped up, thus increase the angle of pull bar and horizontal surface, improve the component of pull bar on gravity direction, improve the load-carrying ability of derrick runway girder 33.
Second pull bar 43 comprises the first linkage section 431 and the second linkage section 432, the first end of the first linkage section 431 is connected on tower top support 32, second end of the first linkage section 431 is connected to the free end of pull bar support 41, the first end of the second linkage section 432 is connected on the free end of pull bar support 41, and the second end of the second linkage section 432 is connected on arm tip 332.
Arm tip 332 comprises the second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c, second suspension centre 36b is arranged on the first end of the close arm roots 331 of arm tip 332,3rd suspension centre 36c is arranged on the second end of arm tip 332, second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c is all arranged on arm tip top boom 3321, second linkage section 432 is two, one of them of two the second linkage sections 432 is connected to the second suspension centre 36b, and another second linkage section 432 is connected to the 3rd suspension centre 36c.
The number of suspension centre also can arrange more along the length direction of elevator boom rack on top boom, and when the length of derrick runway girder 33 is less, also only can arrange a suspension centre on arm tip 332, concrete set-up mode is depending on actual conditions.
Pull bar support mount pad 40 can for being connected to the turning cylinder between two arm roots lower booms 3312 or two arm tip lower booms 3322, and pull bar support 41 is arranged on this turning cylinder rotationally.This turning cylinder is provided with position limiting structure, for limiting pull bar support 41 axial location on the rotating shaft, prevents pull bar support 41 from sliding in the process of work, affecting the stability of connection structure.Pull bar support mount pad 40 also can for being separately positioned on the rotating shaft mount pad on two arm roots lower booms 3312 or two arm tip lower booms 3322, and pull bar support 41 is arranged in two rotating shaft mount pads rotationally by rotating shaft.
In the present embodiment, pull bar support mount pad 40 is turning cylinder, and pull bar support 41 comprises two tops and is fixed together, and is connected between the hound that bottom is provided separately 411, two hounds 411 by diagonal web member 412.The middle part of pull bar support 41 is provided with pull bar positioning seat 413, when pull bar is not in coupled condition, for limiting pull bar.Be provided with shaft hole bottom the hound 411 of pull bar support 41, pull bar support 41 is arranged on pull bar support mount pad 40 rotationally by shaft hole.The width of pull bar support 41 can be identical with the inner side spacing of two lower booms, can limit pull bar support 41 move along the axial direction of pull bar support mount pad 40 by the backstop action of lower boom.Multiple linkage sections that the top of pull bar support 41 has been arranged side by side multiple pulley 69, second pull bar 43 are connected on multiple pulleys 69 of pull bar support 41, then by pinned connection together.
When the length of elevator boom rack is shorter, also can considers to remove the pull bar being positioned at outermost and being connected with the 3rd suspension centre 36c, and move outside the second suspension centre 36b, to make the stress equalization of elevator boom rack.
Incorporated by reference to shown in Figure 3, be provided with interim installation pull bar 44 in one end of arm roots 331 away from arm tip 332.The first end of interim installation pull bar 44 is connected on arm roots top boom 3311, is less than the extension elongation of arm roots lower boom 3312 with the extension elongation of installing the arm roots top boom 3311 that pull bar 44 is connected temporarily.Be pinned connection between interim installation pull bar 44 and arm roots top boom 3311, the interim bearing pin mounting hole installed on pull bar 44 and/or arm roots top boom 3311 is waist shaped hole.Interim installation pull bar 44 is mainly used in the effect installation of derrick runway girder 33 being played to supplemental support.
In the process of installing derrick runway girder 33, the arm joint of elevator boom rack is installed section by section, therefore when starting most the arm joint installing elevator boom rack arm roots 331, because the arm section of elevator boom rack does not arrange pull bar, therefore supporting role cannot be formed to arm joint, only when the arm joint of elevator boom rack is installed to the position of the first suspension centre 36a, just can form supporting role by the arm joint of pull bar to elevator boom rack arm roots 331, before this, the arm joint of elevator boom rack is owing to lacking support, install very inconvenient, need to increase the installation that auxiliary supporting construction just can complete each arm joint before the first suspension centre 36a.The appearance of temporarily installing pull bar 44 then solves this problem well.When each arm joint before needing the first suspension centre 36a is installed, the top boom saved by arm by installing pull bar 44 temporarily is only needed to be fixedly connected with other structure of tower crane, just can play the effect of hold-down arm joint, therefore be convenient to the installation of follow-up arm joint.After the arm joint at the first suspension centre 36a place is installed, arm roots 331 is by realizing between pull bar with tower top support 32 being connected, now just can be born the application force of arm roots 331 by the pull bar be arranged on arm roots 331 and arm tip 332, interim 44, pull bar of installing does not stress.When unloading the arm joint of elevator boom rack, also by interim, the unloading that pull bar 44 realizes the arm joint of arm roots 331 can be installed, more convenient to operate.Waist shaped hole can be arranged on interim installation pull bar 44 or on arm roots top boom 3311, or both all arrange this waist shaped hole, waist shaped hole makes to install pull bar 44 temporarily can regulate the degrees of tensions saved the arm of arm roots 331, thus adjustment arm joint angle with respect to the horizontal plane, by regulating the interim degrees of tensions installing pull bar 44, the arm joint installation site of needs can be obtained.
The pull bar of derrick runway girder 33 becomes three suspension centres by two suspension centres of elevator boom rack length direction, and be provided with pull bar support 41 at the arm roots 331 of elevator boom rack and the connection location of arm tip 332, effectively can increase the angle of pull bar and horizontal surface, reduce pull bar stressed, thus strengthen the load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack in vertical plane surface, improve the force-bearing situation of crane arm; Reduce installation difficulty simultaneously.
The cross section of arm roots 331 is rectangle or trapezoidal.
In conjunction with see shown in Figure 11 to Figure 13, the elevator boom rack of tower crane can also arrange rope supporting device 60, for the lifting rope 36 of tower crane is held up, prevent lifting rope 36 sag of chain excessive and affect the normal work of tower crane.Rope supporting device 60 comprises support 61 and is arranged on the guide part 62 of two opposite ends of support 61, the first end of guide part 62 is provided with guiding mechanism 621, second end of at least one guide part 62 is removably fixedly connected with between support 61, be positioned at the second end extension of guiding mechanism 621 to support 61 of support 61 first end, the guiding mechanism 621 being positioned at support 61 second end extends to the first end of support 61, and two guiding mechanisms 621 are oppositely arranged.Because the second end of at least one guide part 62 is removably fixedly connected with between support 61, therefore install from elevator boom rack or dismantle rope supporting device 60 all easily, also can change in time.In the present embodiment, lifting rope 36 comprises lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope.
The guide part 62 that rope supporting device 60 can be oppositely arranged by two is arranged on elevator boom rack movably along the length direction of elevator boom rack, after the correct position place of elevator boom rack arranges rope supporting device 60, lifting rope 36 is set up on rope supporting device 60, just can be played a supporting role by rope supporting device 60 pairs of lifting ropes 36, thus rope supporting device 60 suitably can adjust on derrick runway girder between lifting rope 36 two suspension centres distance, reduce the sag of chain of lifting rope 36, ensure the normal work of derrick runway girder.
Support 61 comprises cross bar 611, and the guide part 62 of rope supporting device 60 comprises montant 625, and the first end of montant 626 is provided with guiding mechanism 621, and the second end is fixedly connected with the cross bar 611 of support 61.Guide part 62 is fixedly installed on the cross bar 611 of support 61 by montant 625, is connected between cross bar 611 and montant 625 by reinforced rib.Preferably, the end, two ends of cross bar 611 is provided with the transiting rod 612 perpendicular to cross bar 611, is connected by transiting rod 612 between cross bar 611 and montant 625.Reinforced rib is provided with between transiting rod 612 and montant 625 and between transiting rod 612 and cross bar 611.Guiding mechanism 621 comprises roller 622, and roller 622 is positioned at the guide space that two guide parts 62 are formed, and the roller 622 be positioned on two montants 625 at support 61 two ends is oppositely arranged.The rotor shaft direction of roller 622 is parallel to the length direction of support 61, and two rollers be oppositely arranged 622 are positioned on same pivot center.Rope supporting device 60 is arranged on the lower boom of elevator boom rack rotationally by roller 622.
The guide part 62 removably connected with support 61 comprises the column 624 that the second end is fixedly connected with montant 625, and guiding mechanism 621 is fixedly installed on the first end of column 624.Be fixed together by butt flange and high strength bolt between column 624 and montant 625.Roller 622 is fixedly installed on the first end of column 624 of guiding mechanism 621.
Guide part 62 also comprises the side track adjusting wheel 623 be arranged on rotationally on column 624, and side track adjusting wheel 623 is positioned at installs adjacent both sides, roller 622 side with column 624, and side track adjusting wheel 623 extends to guide space.The rotor shaft direction of side track adjusting wheel 623 is parallel to the length direction of column 624, and after rope supporting device 60 is arranged on elevator boom rack, abut against between the lateral wall of the lower boom (comprising arm roots lower boom and arm tip lower boom) of side track adjusting wheel 623 and elevator boom rack, thus make elevator boom rack remain in guide space, and can not deviate from from rope supporting device 60, not only reduce the friction force in rope supporting device 60 motion process and between elevator boom rack, also ensure that stability and the reliability of rope supporting device 60 mounting structure.Side track adjusting wheel 623 is all set in the both sides of column 624, the stability of the structure of rope supporting device 60 can be ensured further.
The cross bar 611 of support 61 is provided with support roller 65, the two ends of support roller 65 are provided with adapter plate 651, adapter plate 651 is fixedly installed on support 61, and support roller 65 is arranged on adapter plate 651 rotationally, between two adapter plates be oppositely arranged 651 at support roller 65 two ends, form spacing space.Two adapter plates be oppositely arranged 651 outwards bend away from one end of cross bar 611, form up big and down small spacing space, are more convenient to the introducing of lifting rope 36.The lifting rope 36 of tower crane is arranged between two adapter plates be oppositely arranged 651, and sets up on the support roller 65 of correspondence.
The cross bar 611 of support 61 can arrange multiple support roller 65 along its length, be respectively used to hold up different classes of lifting rope 36.By this set structure, disorder cable between the lifting rope 36 that also can prevent tower crane to a certain extent.
Rope supporting device 60 also can not arrange support roller 65, but directly lifting rope is arranged on the cross bar 611 of support 61, now in order to reduce friction, reduce the inhibition of cross bar 611 pairs of lifting rope motions, cross bar can be set to round bar, then lifting rope be set up on cross bar 611.
In order to prevent disorder cable, multiple position limiting structure can also be set along its length on cross bar 611, then dissimilar lifting rope is separately positioned in different position limiting structures, then the part supporting lifting rope in position limiting structure is set to circle arc support face, to reduce position limiting structure to the abrasion of lifting rope and obstruction.
The cross bar 611 of support 61 is also fixedly installed tie mechanisms 66, tie mechanisms 66 comprises the screw rod mount pad 661 be fixedly installed on support 61, screw rod mount pad 661 is fixedly installed two pipe links 662 that the guide direction along guide part 62 extends, two pipe links 662 are oppositely arranged, and lay respectively at the both sides of cross bar 611, pipe link 662 has the bending part 663 for tether.Preferably, screw rod mount pad 661 is provided with tapped bore, pipe link is whorl brace rod, is threaded between whorl brace rod with screw rod mount pad 661.By thread matching structure, the extension elongation of whorl brace rod can be regulated, also just can adjust the elasticity of the attaching parts be arranged between two rope supporting devices 60, make two rope supporting devices 60 can play the anti-fall effect of good lifting rope 36.
Rope supporting device 60 is also fixedly installed pinned connection seat 64, pinned connection seat 64 is provided with pinned connection hole.Rope supporting device 60 can by realizing being connected between these pinned connection hole and other parts on tower crane, to decide the set-up mode of rope supporting device 60 according to the concrete structure of tower crane.The concrete service condition of the pinned connection seat 64 of rope supporting device 60 will be described in detail in method of operation below.Here, the bearing pin connecting rope supporting device 60 is connected on rope supporting device 60 or elevator boom rack by attaching partss such as hinges, when not using this bearing pin, also can prevent bearing pin from losing.
In conjunction with see shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, according to embodiments of the invention, the derrick runway girder 33 of tower crane comprises elevator boom rack and comprises two lower booms be arranged in parallel, and derrick runway girder also comprises above-mentioned rope supporting device 60.When dolly is one, rope supporting device 60 is at least two, be respectively the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b, first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b is separately positioned on the both sides of dolly, and the first rope supporting device 60a is arranged on the side of the arm root of the close elevator boom rack of dolly, the second rope supporting device 60b is arranged on opposite side.Connected by attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60, and rope supporting device 60 is arranged on the lower boom (comprising arm roots lower boom and arm tip lower boom) of elevator boom rack movably by the length direction of guide part 62 along elevator boom rack, the lifting rope 36 of derrick runway girder is set up on rope supporting device 60.Attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60 can be rigid connector or fall prevention rope etc., and preferably, when connecting by means of only attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60, this attaching parts is rigid connector.The spacing between two rope supporting devices 60 can be controlled well by rigid connector, even if dolly is moved, two rope supporting devices 60 also can link thereupon, thus remain the picking-up effect to lifting rope 36, reduce the sag of chain of lifting rope 36, ensure the normal work of derrick runway girder.Rigid connector can select suitable length according to the length of elevator boom rack, thus can improve the anti-fall effect to lifting rope 36.Certainly, also more rope supporting device 60 can be set along the length direction of elevator boom rack.
When being by the first fall prevention rope 68a connection between two rope supporting devices 60, multiple pulley 69 can be set on the top of elevator boom rack, then by after the second fall prevention rope 68b winding is on pulley 69, finally be connected on two rope supporting devices 60, and together with the first fall prevention rope 68a between two rope supporting devices 60, form endless drive connection structure.When moving of car is to the position at rope supporting device 60 place, and when driving rope supporting device 60 to move together, due to this endless drive connection structure, another rope supporting device 60 is also moved thereupon, and keep the spacing between two rope supporting devices 60 by endless drive connection structure, thus ensure that rope supporting device 60 plays holder rope and anti-fall effect preferably all the time.In the middle of various embodiments of the present invention, the pulley for winding second fall prevention rope 68b is fixed pulley.
When connecting fall prevention rope, the two ends of the first fall prevention rope 68a between two rope supporting devices 60 are connected on the bending part 663 of the whorl brace rod inside two rope supporting devices 60, the two ends of the second fall prevention rope 68b of winding on pulley 69 are connected on the bending part 663 of the whorl brace rod outside two rope supporting devices 60, when rope supporting device 60 be connected between the first fall prevention rope 68a and the second fall prevention rope 68b after, if fall prevention rope is excessively loose, the anti-fall effect of rope supporting device 60 pairs of lifting ropes 36 will be affected, now by the mode rotating whorl brace rod, fall prevention rope can be strained, arranging of fall prevention rope is made to meet operating needs.
When dolly is two, dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, rope supporting device 60 also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, first rope supporting device 60a, secondary dolly 34, the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, main carriage 35 and the second rope supporting device 60b are successively set on elevator boom rack along arm roots 331 to the direction of arm tip 332, the first rope supporting device 60a, connect optionally by attaching parts between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c.
Because secondary dolly 34 needs to have using state and non-working condition according to construction, therefore, first rope supporting device 60a, between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c optionally by attaching parts connect, just can set the annexation of the first rope supporting device 60a, the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c according to the mode of operation of secondary dolly 34.When secondary dolly 34 is in non-working condition, the pinned connection seat 64 mentioned before just needing to use, now by pinned connection seat 64, first rope supporting device 60a can be fixedly connected on arm roots 331, and secondary dolly 34 is fixedly connected with the first rope supporting device 60a.Now, between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, there is annexation, but the second rope supporting device 60b and between the 3rd rope supporting device 60c and the first rope supporting device 60a all without annexation, the first rope supporting device 60a is in idle state.
When secondary dolly 34 is also in using state, just need the first rope supporting device 60a to be connected by attaching parts with the second direction of rope supporting device 60b along arm roots 331 to arm tip 332, this attaching parts can be rigid connector or fall prevention rope.When attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope 68a, elevator boom rack is provided with multiple pulley 69, first rope supporting device 60a, between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, forms endless drive connection structure by the second fall prevention rope 68b of winding on pulley 69 and the first fall prevention rope 68a be connected between rope supporting device 60.
When dolly only comprises main carriage 35, lifting rope 36 anti-drop method comprises: be arranged on the elevator boom rack lower boom of main carriage 35 both sides respectively movably by the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b, two rope supporting devices 60 are connected by attaching parts (first fall prevention rope 68a or rigid connector), and one end of the second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link outside the first rope supporting device 60a, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on multiple pulley 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link outside the second rope supporting device 60b, two rope supporting devices 60 are made to form endless drive connection structure by the second fall prevention rope 68b and attaching parts, then lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope are walked around from the support roller 65 of the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b respectively, and in the spacing space that the adapter plate 651 that lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope are separately positioned on support roller 65 two ends is formed, be then connected on main carriage 35.
Shown in Figure 14, when dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, but only use main carriage 35, when secondary dolly 34 is in idle state, lifting rope 36 anti-drop method comprises: the arm roots 331 first the first rope supporting device 60a being fixedly connected on movably elevator boom rack; Then secondary dolly 34 is fixedly connected on the first rope supporting device 60a; Second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c is arranged on the lower boom of the elevator boom rack of main carriage 35 both sides respectively movably, and make the second rope supporting device 60b between main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, then connect with the first fall prevention rope 68a between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, make the first end of the first fall prevention rope 68a be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of the inner side of the second rope supporting device 60b, second end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of the inner side of the 3rd rope supporting device 60c; One end of second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the outside of the second rope supporting device 60b, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on multiple pulley 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link outside the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, make two rope supporting devices 60 form endless drive connection structure by two fall prevention ropes; Lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope are connected on main carriage 35 respectively after the support roller 65 of the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c is walked around.
When using single crab to construct, anti-fall principle is as follows: rope supporting device 60 is equally positioned on crane arm with dolly, lifting lifting rope is put on one of them support roller 65 of rope supporting device 60 freely, luffing lifting rope is freely put on another support roller 65, and rope supporting device 60 can be moved back and forth by roller 622 on elevator boom rack.When using single crab, the first rope supporting device 60a, secondary dolly 34 are fixed together with elevator boom rack, can not move on elevator boom rack.When main carriage 35 moves on crane arm, to when touching the 3rd rope supporting device 60c continuation toward the 3rd rope supporting device 60c place lateral movement, draw the second rope supporting device 60b toward the 3rd rope supporting device 60c place lateral movement from fall prevention rope.Equally after dolly touches toward the second rope supporting device 60b direction motion, the 3rd rope supporting device 60c can be drawn and move.When main carriage 35 is at two rope supporting device 60 intermediary movementses, then two rope supporting devices 60 are motionless.Control the length of the first fall prevention rope 68a between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c like this well, be just equivalent to shorter spans's half of crane arm, the sag of chain of lifting rope 36 just can be well controlled.
Shown in Figure 15, when dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, and when using main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, lifting rope 36 anti-drop method comprises: the arm roots 331 first the first rope supporting device 60a being arranged on movably elevator boom rack simultaneously; Then the 3rd rope supporting device 60c is arranged on movably on the lower boom of the elevator boom rack between secondary dolly 34 and main carriage 35, the second rope supporting device 60b is arranged on movably on the lower boom of the elevator boom rack of the close arm point side of main carriage 35; The first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b is connected by the first fall prevention rope 68a, make the first end of the first fall prevention rope 68a be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of the inner side of the first rope supporting device 60a, second end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of the inner side of the second rope supporting device 60b; One end of second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the outside of the first rope supporting device 60a, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on multiple pulley 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link outside the second rope supporting device 60b, make two rope supporting devices 60 form endless drive connection structure by the second fall prevention rope 68b and the first fall prevention rope 68a; Main carriage 35 is fixedly connected with secondary dolly 34; Lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope are connected on main carriage 35 respectively after the support roller 65 of the first rope supporting device 60a and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c is walked around.
When using double trolley to construct, the anti-fall principle that its anti-fall principle and single crab are constructed is identical, repeats no more here.
From above description, can find out, the above embodiments of the present invention achieve following technique effect: tower crane comprises tower body, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at tower body top, and the topside be arranged on swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, tower top support and equilibrium arm, it is characterized in that, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, arm roots is connected to tower top support by the first pull bar, arm tip is connected to tower top support by the second pull bar.By adopting the elevator boom rack structure of variable section, effectively can improve the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack, increasing maximum effective work range.By making arm tip and the hinged connection mode of arm roots, making the install and adjust of arm tip convenient, ensureing to adopt the degree of balance of jib after the elevator boom rack of longer luffing further.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. a tower crane, comprise tower body (10), be arranged on the swing type mechanism (20) at described tower body (10) top, and the topside (30) be arranged on described swing type mechanism (20), described topside (30) comprises derrick runway girder (33), tower top support (32) and equilibrium arm (31), it is characterized in that, described derrick runway girder (33) comprises elevator boom rack, described elevator boom rack comprises arm roots (331) and arm tip (332), the cross section of described arm roots (331) is quadrangle, the cross section of described arm tip (332) is triangle, described arm roots (331) is fixedly connected on described swing type mechanism (20), arm tip lower boom (3322) of described arm tip (332) and the arm roots lower boom (3312) of described arm roots (331) are rotatably connected, arm tip top boom (3321) of described arm tip (332) and the arm roots top boom (3311) of described arm roots (331) disconnect, described arm roots (331) is connected to described tower top support (32) by the first pull bar (42), described arm tip (332) is connected to described tower top support (32) by the second pull bar (43).
2. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described arm roots (331) is provided with pull bar support mount pad (40) with the connection location of described arm tip (332), described derrick runway girder (33) comprises the pull bar support (41) be arranged on rotationally on described pull bar support mount pad (40), described pull bar support (41) is supported on the middle part of described second pull bar (43), and is upwards propped up at the middle part of described second pull bar (43).
3. tower crane according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described second pull bar (43) comprises the first linkage section (431) and the second linkage section (432), the first end of described first linkage section (431) is connected on described swing type mechanism (20), second end of described first linkage section (431) is connected to the free end of described pull bar support (41), the first end of described second linkage section (432) is connected on the free end of described pull bar support (41), second end of described second linkage section (432) is connected on described arm tip (332).
4. tower crane according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described arm tip (332) comprises the second suspension centre (36b) and the 3rd suspension centre (36c), described second suspension centre (36b) is arranged on the first end of the close described arm roots (331) of described arm tip (332), described 3rd suspension centre (36c) is arranged on the second end of described arm tip (332), described second suspension centre (36b) and described 3rd suspension centre (36c) are all arranged on described arm tip top boom (3321), described second linkage section (432) is two, one of them of two described second linkage sections (432) is connected to described second suspension centre (36b), second linkage section (432) described in another is connected to described 3rd suspension centre (36c).
5. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper one end near described arm tip (332) of described arm roots (331) is provided with two the first suspension centres (36a), two described first suspension centre (36a) correspondences are arranged on two described arm roots top booms (3311), described first pull bar (42) has two, and two described first pull bars (42) connect one to one with two described first suspension centres (36a).
6. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, removably be connected with between described arm roots (331) and described swing type mechanism (20) and install pull bar (44) temporarily, the first end of described interim installation pull bar (44) is connected on described arm roots top boom (3311).
7. tower crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, be pinned connection between described interim installation pull bar (44) and described arm roots top boom (3311), the bearing pin mounting hole on described interim installation pull bar (44) and/or described arm roots top boom (3311) is waist shaped hole.
8. tower crane according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described tower crane also comprises rope supporting device (60), described rope supporting device (60) is hung on the below of described derrick runway girder (33) movingly along the length direction of described derrick runway girder (33), and the lifting rope (36) of described tower crane is set up on described rope supporting device (60).
9. tower crane according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rope supporting device (60) comprises support (61) and is arranged on the guide part (62) of two opposite ends of described support (61), the first end of described guide part (62) is provided with guiding mechanism (621), second end of guide part described at least one (62) is removably fixedly connected with between described support (61), be positioned at the second end extension of described guiding mechanism (621) to described support (61) of described support (61) first end, the described guiding mechanism (621) being positioned at described support (61) second end extends to the first end of described support (61), and two described guiding mechanisms (621) are oppositely arranged, described lifting rope (36) is set up on described support (61).
10. tower crane according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) comprises the guiding mechanism (621) of the montant (625) be connected with described support (61) and the first end being fixedly installed on described montant (625), described guiding mechanism (621) comprises the roller (622) of the first end being fixedly installed on described montant (625), described roller (622) is positioned at the guide space that two described guide parts (62) are formed, and the described roller (622) being positioned at described support (61) two ends is oppositely arranged, described guide part is arranged on described derrick runway girder (33) movingly by described roller (622).
11. tower cranes according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) also comprises the side track adjusting wheel (623) be arranged on rotationally on described montant (625), described side track adjusting wheel (623) is positioned at the both sides adjacent with arranging described roller (622) side of described montant (625), and described side track adjusting wheel (623) extends to described guide space, described side track adjusting wheel (63) abuts against with the lateral wall of described derrick runway girder (33).
12. tower cranes according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described support (61) is provided with support roller (65), the two ends of described support roller (65) are provided with adapter plate (651), described adapter plate (651) is fixedly installed on described support (61), described support roller (65) is arranged on described adapter plate (651) rotationally, form spacing space between two adapter plates be oppositely arranged (651) being positioned at described support roller (65) two ends, described lifting rope (36) is arranged on described support roller (65).
13. tower cranes according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described support (61) is fixedly installed tie mechanisms (66), described tie mechanisms (66) comprises the screw rod mount pad (661) be fixedly installed on described support (61), described screw rod mount pad (661) is fixedly installed two pipe links (662) that the guide direction along described guide part (62) extends, two described pipe links (662) are oppositely arranged, and described pipe link (662) have the bending part (663) for tether.
14. tower cranes according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described screw rod mount pad (661) is provided with tapped bore, described pipe link (662) is whorl brace rod, is threaded between described whorl brace rod with described screw rod mount pad (661).
15. tower cranes according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rope supporting device (60) is also fixedly installed pinned connection seat (64), described pinned connection seat (64) is provided with pinned connection hole, and described rope supporting device (60) is connected with the arm roots (331) of described elevator boom rack by bearing pin.
16. tower cranes according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, (33) are provided with dolly to described derrick runway girder movably, described rope supporting device (60) at least comprises the first rope supporting device (60a) and the second rope supporting device (60b), described first rope supporting device (60a) and described second rope supporting device (60b) are separately positioned on the two ends of described dolly, connected by attaching parts between two described rope supporting devices (60), described attaching parts limits the spacing between two described rope supporting devices (60).
17. tower cranes according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described dolly comprises main carriage (35) and secondary dolly (34), described rope supporting device (60) also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described first rope supporting device (60a), described secondary dolly (34), described 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described main carriage (35) and described second rope supporting device (60b) are successively set on described elevator boom rack along arm roots (331) to the direction of arm tip (332), described first rope supporting device (60a), described second rope supporting device (60b) is connected by described attaching parts with two or three in described 3rd rope supporting device (60c).
18. tower cranes according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described elevator boom rack is provided with multiple pulley (69), described attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope (68a), and described first rope supporting device (60a), described second rope supporting device (60b) and described 3rd rope supporting device (60c) form endless drive connection structure by second fall prevention rope (68b) of winding on described pulley (69) and the first fall prevention rope (68a) be connected between described rope supporting device (60).
19. tower cranes according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described attaching parts is rigid connector.
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| CN103601083B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Arm spike knot and comprise the tower crane of this arm spike knot |
| CN103722330B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-11-11 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | The method of attachment of joining mounted welder and lifting mechanism and counter-jib of mount pad |
| CN104743460A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-07-01 | 四川建设机械（集团）股份有限公司 | Rope alignment device and tower crane |
| DE102018122349A1 (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | crane |
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