CN102942124A - Tower crane - Google Patents
Tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102942124A CN102942124A CN2012104605362A CN201210460536A CN102942124A CN 102942124 A CN102942124 A CN 102942124A CN 2012104605362 A CN2012104605362 A CN 2012104605362A CN 201210460536 A CN201210460536 A CN 201210460536A CN 102942124 A CN102942124 A CN 102942124A
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Abstract
The invention provides a tower crane, which comprises a tower body, a slewing mechanism which is arranged at the top of the tower body, and a superstructure which is arranged on the slewing mechanism. The superstructure comprises a tower crane jib, a top mast and a balance arm. The tower crane is characterized in that the tower crane jib comprises a jib frame, the jib frame comprises a jib root and a jib tip, the section of the jib root is quadrilateral, the section of the jib tip is triangular, the jib root is fixedly connected with the slewing mechanism, the jib tip lower chord of the jib tip is rotatably connected with the jib root lower chord of the jib root, the jib tip upper chord of the jib tip is disconnected from the jib root upper chord of the jib root, the jib root is connected to the top mast through a first draw bar and the jib tip is connected to the top mast through a second draw bar. The tower crane has the advantages that the lateral bearing capacity of the tower crane jib can be obviously improved, the stability of the tower crane jib is improved, the superstructure of the tower crane is reduced and the cost of the tower crane is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the construction hoisting machinery field, in particular to a kind of tower crane.
Background technology
For the tower crane that the tower head horizontal arm is arranged, mostly adopt two crane arm pull bars, adopt simplex pull rod for galianconism or small-sized tower machine minority, single shape is adopted in the crane arm cross section, namely adopts triangle or quadrangle.
Taking such scheme, for the shorter tower crane of boom length, is preferred plan, but very long for boom length, especially length surpasses 80 meters tower crane, adopts duplex pull rod, it is large that two suspension centre spacings become, thereby weaken the load-carrying capacity of jib in vertical plane surface.
Abroad in the tower crane manufacturer, in order to obtain larger effective work range, increase the hoisting arm structure sectional dimension with the enhancing load-carrying capacity of leaning to one side, but the long tower machine of the galianconism identical with hoisting moment is compared, its topside size is bigger than normal, cost is higher, and processing and transportation difficulty, and at present external crane arm extreme length also can only reach 100 meters.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of tower crane, can significantly strengthen the side direction load-carrying capacity of derrick runway girder, strengthens the stability of derrick runway girder, reduces the topside of tower crane, reduces the cost of tower crane.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of tower crane is provided, comprise body of the tower, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at body of the tower top, and be arranged at topside on the swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, cat head support and equilibrium arm, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on the swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, and arm roots is connected to the cat head support by the first pull bar, and the arm tip is connected to the cat head support by the second pull bar.
Further, the connection location of arm roots and arm tip is provided with pull bar support mount pad, derrick runway girder comprises the pull bar support that is arranged on rotationally on the pull bar support mount pad, and the pull bar support is supported on the middle part of the second pull bar, and the middle part of the second pull bar is upwards propped up.
Further, the second pull bar comprises the first linkage section and the second linkage section, the first end of the first linkage section is connected on the swing type mechanism, the second end of the first linkage section is connected to the free end of pull bar support, the first end of the second linkage section is connected on the free end of pull bar support, and the second end of the second linkage section is connected on the arm tip.
Further, the arm tip comprises the second suspension centre and the 3rd suspension centre, the second suspension centre is arranged on the first end of the close arm roots of arm tip, the 3rd suspension centre is arranged on the second end of arm tip, the second suspension centre and the 3rd suspension centre all are arranged on the top boom of arm tip, the second linkage section is two, and one of them of two the second linkage sections is connected to the second suspension centre, and another second linkage section is connected to the 3rd suspension centre.
Further, the end near the arm tip on the arm roots is provided with two the first suspension centres, and two the first suspension centre correspondences are arranged on two arm roots top booms, and the first pull bar has two, and two the first pull bars and two the first suspension centres connect one to one.
Further, removably be connected with interim installation pull bar between arm roots and the swing type mechanism, the first end that pull bar is installed temporarily is connected on the arm roots top boom.
Further, install between pull bar and the arm roots top boom as bearing pin is connected, the bearing pin mounting hole of temporarily installing on pull bar and/or the arm roots top boom is waist shaped hole temporarily.
Further, tower crane also comprises rope supporting device, and rope supporting device is hung on the below of derrick runway girder movingly along the length direction of derrick runway girder, and the lifting rope of tower crane is set up on rope supporting device.
Further, rope supporting device comprises support and is arranged on the guide part of two opposite ends of support, the first end of guide part is provided with guiding mechanism, removably captive joint between the second end of at least one guide part and the support, be positioned at the guiding mechanism of support first end to the second end extension of support, the guiding mechanism that is positioned at support the second end extends to the first end of support, and two guiding mechanisms are oppositely arranged, and lifting rope is set up on support.
Further, guide part comprises the montant that is connected with support and is fixedly installed on the guiding mechanism of the first end of montant, guiding mechanism comprises the roller of the first end that is fixedly installed on montant, roller is positioned at two formed guide space of guide part, and the roller that is positioned at the support two ends is oppositely arranged, and guide part is arranged on the derrick runway girder movingly by roller.
Further, guide part also comprises the side track adjusting wheel that is arranged on rotationally on the montant, and the side track adjusting wheel is positioned at the adjacent both sides with roller one side is set of montant, and the side track adjusting wheel extends to guide space, and the lateral wall of side track adjusting wheel and derrick runway girder connects.
Further, be provided with support roller on the support, the two ends of support roller are provided with adapter plate, adapter plate is fixedly installed on the support, support roller is arranged on the adapter plate rotationally, forms spacing space between two adapter plates that are oppositely arranged at support roller two ends, and lifting rope is arranged on the support roller.
Further, be fixedly installed tether mechanism on the support, tether mechanism comprises the screw rod mount pad that is fixedly installed on the support, be fixedly installed two pipe links that extend along the guide direction of guide part on the screw rod mount pad, two pipe links oppositely arrange, and have the bending part for tether on the pipe link.
Further, be provided with tapped bore on the screw rod mount pad, pipe link is whorl brace rod, is threaded between whorl brace rod and the screw rod mount pad.
Further, also be fixedly installed the bearing pin Connection Block on the rope supporting device, be provided with the bearing pin connecting bore on the bearing pin Connection Block, rope supporting device selectively is connected with the arm roots of elevator boom rack by bearing pin.
Further, be provided with movably dolly on the derrick runway girder, rope supporting device comprises the first rope supporting device and the second rope supporting device at least, the first rope supporting device and the second rope supporting device are separately positioned on the two ends of dolly, connect by attaching parts between two rope supporting devices, attaching parts limits the spacing between two rope supporting devices.
Further, dolly comprises main carriage and secondary dolly, rope supporting device also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device, the first rope supporting device, secondary dolly, the 3rd rope supporting device, main carriage and the second rope supporting device direction along arm roots to the arm tip is successively set on the elevator boom rack, selectively connects by attaching parts between the first rope supporting device, the second rope supporting device and the 3rd rope supporting device.
Further, be provided with a plurality of pulleys on the elevator boom rack, attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope, and the first rope supporting device, the second rope supporting device and the 3rd rope supporting device form annular transmission connecting structure by winding at the second fall prevention rope on the pulley and the first fall prevention rope of being connected between the rope supporting device.
Further, attaching parts is rigid connector.
Use technical scheme of the present invention, tower crane comprises body of the tower, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at body of the tower top, and be arranged at topside on the swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, cat head support and equilibrium arm, it is characterized in that, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on the swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, arm roots is connected to the cat head support by the first pull bar, and the arm tip is connected to the cat head support by the second pull bar.By adopting the elevator boom rack structure of variable section, can effectively improve the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack, increase maximum effectively work range.By making the hinged connection mode of arm tip and arm roots, so that the install and adjust of arm tip is convenient, the degree of balance of jib behind the elevator boom rack of the longer luffing of further assurance employing.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that consists of a part of the present invention is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not consist of improper restriction of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention structural representation of tower crane;
Fig. 2 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention structural representation of the derrick runway girder of tower crane;
Fig. 3 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram according to the derrick runway girder B place of the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram according to the derrick runway girder D place of the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows the left TV structure schematic diagram according to the arm roots of the derrick runway girder of the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 shows the cross section structure schematic diagram according to the arm tip of the derrick runway girder of the embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention derrick runway girder Tiebar structure schematic diagram of tower crane;
Fig. 8 shows A according to the tower crane of the embodiment of Fig. 1 to view;
Fig. 9 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention structural representation of the pull bar support of tower crane;
Figure 10 shows the structure for amplifying schematic diagram according to the C place of the derrick runway girder pull bar of the embodiment of Fig. 7;
Figure 11 shows the according to an embodiment of the invention main TV structure schematic diagram of the rope supporting device of tower crane;
Figure 12 shows according to the plan structure schematic diagram behind the rope supporting device interpolation bearing pin Connection Block of the tower crane of the embodiment of Figure 11;
Figure 13 shows according to the left TV structure schematic diagram behind the rope supporting device interpolation bearing pin Connection Block of the tower crane of the embodiment of Figure 11;
Structural representation when Figure 14 shows according to an embodiment of the invention rope supporting device and single crab cooperating; And
Structural representation when Figure 15 shows according to an embodiment of the invention rope supporting device and double trolley cooperating.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter also describe in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, embodiment and the feature among the embodiment among the application can make up mutually.
As shown in Figure 1, according to embodiments of the invention, a kind of tower crane is provided, comprise body of the tower 10, be arranged on the swing type mechanism 20 at body of the tower 10 tops, and be arranged at topside 30 on the swing type mechanism 20, wherein the bottom of body of the tower 10 is fixedly installed on the ground by fixed base 11, body of the tower 10 comprises the standard knot that more piece is fixed together, the top of body of the tower 10 is provided with for the lifting body 12 that adds standard knot, lifting body 12 comprises the climbing support that is around in the standard knot outside, can pass through lifting body 12 jack-up bodies of the tower 10 topsides 30 according to the construction needs, thereby introduce the integral type standard knot, the height of rising tower machine.Connect by bearing pin between the each several part structure of body of the tower 10.
In conjunction with extremely shown in Figure 6 referring to Fig. 2, the topside 30 of tower crane comprises derrick runway girder 33, cat head support 32 and equilibrium arm 31, derrick runway girder 33, cat head support 32 and equilibrium arm 31 all with between the upper bracket 23 are captiveed joint, and rotate with upper bracket 23.Wherein derrick runway girder 33 and equilibrium arm 31 are separately positioned on the front and back end of upper bracket 23, and cat head support 32 is arranged on the front portion of equilibrium arm 31, and are positioned at the top of topside 30.Be connected rotationally between cat head support 32 and the equilibrium arm 31, the top of cat head support 32 is connected with respectively crane arm pull bar and balance arm brace.Lifting mechanism is arranged on the rear portion of equilibrium arm 31, and is positioned at the upside of equilibrium arm 31.Auxiliary lifting mechanism is arranged on the downside of equilibrium arm 31.Electric-control system intersperses among on equilibrium arm 31, upper bracket 23 and the driver's cab, is used to lifting mechanism, swing type mechanism 20 and luffing mechanism that control is provided.Cat head support 32 is installed in the top of equilibrium arm 31, is provided with the top pulleys group on it, the top pulleys group on the lifting rope 36 pile warp cat head supports 32 of tower crane.Also be provided with bearing pin on the cat head support 32, equilibrium arm pull bar and crane arm pull bar are installed on the bearing pin of cat head support 32 simultaneously.
Derrick runway girder 33 comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots 331 and arm tip 332, the cross section of arm roots 331 is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip 332 is triangle, arm roots 331 is fixedly connected on the upper bracket 23 of swing type mechanism 20, between the arm tip lower boom 3322 of arm tip 332 and the arm roots lower boom 3312 of arm roots 331 for being rotatably connected, disconnect between the arm tip top boom 3321 of arm tip 332 and the arm roots top boom 3311 of arm roots 331, namely only be connected by the bearing pin that is arranged between the lower boom between arm roots 331 and the arm tip 332.Arm roots 331 is connected to cat head support 32 by the first pull bar 42, and arm tip 332 is connected to the top of cat head support 32 by the second pull bar 43.
Be that quadrangle, arm tip 332 are leg-of-mutton variable section elevator boom rack by adopting arm roots 331, can effectively strengthen by the arm roots 331 of quadrangular section the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack, the rational sectional dimension of optimization, therefore both solved elevator boom rack lateral stability problem, increase again the maximum effectively work range of elevator boom rack, and then increase the maximum lifting performance of weight-lifting equipment, and reduce simultaneously the topside 30 of whole tower crane, reduce the cost of complete machine.And be rotatably connected between the arm tip lower boom 3322 with the arm roots lower boom 3312 of arm roots 331 and arm tip 332, disconnect between arm roots top boom 3311 and the arm tip top boom 3321, can overcome well the elevator boom rack problem on deformation of when elevator boom rack is long, bringing again, improve the working stability of elevator boom rack.
Derrick runway girder 33 comprises the first suspension centre 36a of being arranged on the arm roots 331, be positioned at the second suspension centre 36b of the first end that arm tip 332 is connected with arm roots 331 and be positioned at the 3rd suspension centre 36c of the second end of arm tip 332.Derrick runway girder 33 is by being connected between the cat head support 32 that is connected to pull bar and tower crane on the first suspension centre 36a, the second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c, and by pull bar derrick runway girder 33 is formed supporting roles, effectively strengthen the weight load-carrying capacity of derrick runway girder 33.In the ordinary course of things, arm roots 331 is shorter than the length of arm tip 332 comparatively speaking, therefore, only be provided with the first suspension centre 36a in the position of the close arm tip 332 of arm roots 331 herein, and first end and the second end in arm tip 332 is provided with respectively the second suspension centre 36b and the 3rd suspension centre 36c simultaneously, structure is set this kind so that the force structure of derrick runway girder 33 is more reasonable, can bear larger load.
The first suspension centre 36a is arranged on an end of close arm tip 332 on the arm roots 331, and be arranged on the tip position of arm roots 331, the first end of the first pull bar 42 is fixedly connected on the cat head support 32, the second end and the corresponding connection of the first suspension centre 36a, thus cat head support 32 and elevator boom rack are linked together.
Preferably, because arm roots 331 is quadrangular section, its arm roots top boom 3311 has two, thereby, the first suspension centre 36a is two, two the first suspension centre 36a are arranged on the same extension position of the arm roots top boom 3311 of arm roots 331, and correspondence is arranged on two arm roots top booms 3311 respectively.Correspondingly, the first pull bar 42 is two, the first end of two the first pull bars 42 is connected to cat head support 32 jointly, the second end is connected on two the first suspension centre 36a, so, elevator boom rack has then been made corresponding adjustment according to the changes of section of arm roots 331, so that derrick runway girder 33 is stressed more balanced, stressed unbalance problem can not occur.Certainly, two the first suspension centre 36a also are the different length positions that can be separately positioned on two arm roots top booms 3311.
In conjunction with extremely shown in Figure 10 referring to Fig. 7, connection location in arm roots 331 and arm tip 332 can also arrange pull bar support mount pad 40, pull bar support mount pad 40 can be used for installing pull bar support 41, pull bar support 41 is supported on the middle part of the second pull bar 43, and the middle part of the second pull bar 43 upwards propped up, thereby increase the angle of pull bar and horizontal surface, improve the component of pull bar on gravity direction, improve the load-carrying ability of derrick runway girder 33.
The second pull bar 43 comprises the first linkage section 431 and the second linkage section 432, the first end of the first linkage section 431 is connected on the cat head support 32, the second end of the first linkage section 431 is connected to the free end of pull bar support 41, the first end of the second linkage section 432 is connected on the free end of pull bar support 41, and the second end of the second linkage section 432 is connected on the arm tip 332.
The number of suspension centre also can arrange along the length direction of elevator boom rack more at top boom, when the length of derrick runway girder 33 hour, also a suspension centre can only be set in arm tip 332, concrete set-up mode is decided on actual conditions.
Pull bar support mount pad 40 can be for being connected to the turning cylinder between two arm roots lower booms 3312 or two the arm tip lower booms 3322, and pull bar support 41 is arranged on this turning cylinder rotationally.Be provided with position limiting structure at this turning cylinder, be used for limiting the axial location of pull bar support 41 on turning cylinder, prevent that pull bar support 41 from sliding, and affects the stability of connection structure in the process of work.Pull bar support mount pad 40 also can be for being separately positioned on the rotating shaft mount pad on two arm roots lower booms 3312 or two the arm tip lower booms 3322, and pull bar support 41 is arranged in two rotating shaft mount pads rotationally by rotating shaft.
In the present embodiment, pull bar support mount pad 40 is turning cylinder, and pull bar support 41 comprises that two tops are fixed together, and the bottom is divided between 411, two hounds 411 of hound that are arranged and connected by diagonal web member 412.Be provided with pull bar positioning seat 413 at the middle part of pull bar support 41, when pull bar is not in coupled condition, be used for pull bar is limited.Hound 411 bottoms of pull bar support 41 are provided with shaft hole, and pull bar support 41 is arranged on the pull bar support mount pad 40 rotationally by shaft hole.The width of pull bar support 41 can be identical with the inboard spacing of two lower booms, can limit by the backstop action of lower boom pull bar support 41 and move along the axial direction of pull bar support mount pad 40.A plurality of linkage sections that the top of pull bar support 41 has been arranged side by side a plurality of pulley 69, the second pull bars 43 are connected on a plurality of pulleys 69 of pull bar support 41, then link together by bearing pin.
When the length of elevator boom rack more in short-term, also can consider to remove and be positioned at the pull bar that outermost is connected with the 3rd suspension centre 36c, and the second suspension centre 36b is moved outward, so that the stress equalization of elevator boom rack.
Please in conjunction with referring to shown in Figure 3, be provided with interim installation pull bar 44 at arm roots 331 away from an end of arm tip 332.The interim first end that pull bar 44 is installed is connected on the arm roots top boom 3311, and the extension elongation of the arm roots top boom 3311 that links to each other with interim installation pull bar 44 is less than the extension elongation of arm roots lower boom 3312.The interim installation between pull bar 44 and the arm roots top boom 3311 as bearing pin is connected, the bearing pin mounting hole of temporarily installing on pull bar 44 and/or the arm roots top boom 3311 is waist shaped hole.Interim installation pull bar 44 is mainly used in the installation of derrick runway girder 33 is played the effect of supplemental support.
In the process that derrick runway girder 33 is installed, the arm joint of elevator boom rack is installed section by section, therefore when beginning most the arm joint of elevator boom rack arm roots 331 is installed, because the arm section of elevator boom rack does not arrange pull bar, therefore can't form supporting role to the arm joint, only when the arm joint of elevator boom rack is installed to the position of the first suspension centre 36a, just can be by the arm joint formation supporting role of pull bar to elevator boom rack arm roots 331, before this, the arm joint of elevator boom rack is owing to lacking support, install very inconveniently, need to increase the installation that auxiliary supporting construction just can be finished each arm joint before the first suspension centre 36a.The appearance that pull bar 44 is installed has temporarily then solved this problem well.In the time need to installing each the arm joint before the first suspension centre 36a, only need by the interim pull bar 44 of installing the top boom of arm joint to be captiveed joint with other structure of tower crane, just can play the effect of hold-down arm joint, therefore be convenient to the installation of follow-up arm joint.After the arm joint at the first suspension centre 36a place is installed, arm roots 331 is realized being connected by between pull bar and the cat head support 32, just can bear by being arranged on pull bar on arm roots 331 and the arm tip 332 application force of arm roots 331 this moment, 44 on pull bar is installed temporarily do not stressed.When the arm joint of unloading elevator boom rack, also can realize by interim installation pull bar 44 unloading of the arm joint of arm roots 331, more convenient to operate.Waist shaped hole can be arranged on the interim installation pull bar 44 or on the arm roots top boom 3311, perhaps both all arrange this waist shaped hole, waist shaped hole can be regulated tension degree to the arm of arm roots 331 joint so that pull bar 44 is installed temporarily, thereby adjust arm joint angle with respect to the horizontal plane, by regulating the tension degree of interim installation pull bar 44, can obtain the arm joint installation site that needs.
The pull bar of derrick runway girder 33 becomes three suspension centres by two suspension centres of elevator boom rack length direction, and be provided with pull bar support 41 at the arm roots 331 of elevator boom rack and the connection location of arm tip 332, can effectively increase the angle of pull bar and horizontal surface, reduce pull bar stressed, thereby strengthen the load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack in vertical plane surface, improve the force-bearing situation of crane arm; Reduce simultaneously installation difficulty.
The cross section of arm roots 331 is rectangle or trapezoidal.
In conjunction with referring to Figure 11 to shown in Figure 13, on the elevator boom rack of tower crane, rope supporting device 60 can also be set, be used for the lifting rope 36 of tower crane is held up, prevent that lifting rope 36 sag of chains are excessive and affect the normal operation of tower crane.Rope supporting device 60 comprises support 61 and is arranged on the guide part 62 of two opposite ends of support 61, the first end of guide part 62 is provided with guiding mechanism 621, removably captive joint between the second end of at least one guide part 62 and the support 61, be positioned at the guiding mechanism 621 of support 61 first ends to the second end extension of support 61, be positioned at the guiding mechanism 621 of support 61 second ends to the first end extension of support 61, and two guiding mechanisms 621 are oppositely arranged.Owing to removably captiveing joint between the second end of at least one guide part 62 and the support 61, therefore install or to dismantle rope supporting device 60 all very convenient from elevator boom rack, also can in time change.In the present embodiment, lifting rope 36 comprises lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope.
Rope supporting device 60 can be arranged on the elevator boom rack along the length direction of elevator boom rack by two guide parts that are oppositely arranged 62 movably, after the correct position place of elevator boom rack arranges rope supporting device 60, lifting rope 36 is set up on rope supporting device 60, just can play a supporting role by 60 pairs of lifting ropes 36 of rope supporting device, thereby rope supporting device 60 can suitably be adjusted the distance between 36 two suspension centres of lifting rope on the derrick runway girder, reduce the sag of chain of lifting rope 36, guarantee the normal operation of derrick runway girder.
Comprise the column 624 that the second end is captiveed joint with montant 625 with the guide part 62 that support 61 removably connects, guiding mechanism 621 is fixedly installed on the first end of column 624.Be fixed together by butt flange and high strength bolt between column 624 and the montant 625.Roller 622 is fixedly installed on the first end of column 624 of guiding mechanism 621.
Be provided with support roller 65 on the cross bar 611 of support 61, the two ends of support roller 65 are provided with adapter plate 651, adapter plate 651 is fixedly installed on the support 61, and support roller 65 is arranged on the adapter plate 651 rotationally, forms spacing space between two adapter plates that are oppositely arranged 651 at support roller 65 two ends.Two adapter plates that are oppositely arranged 651 form up big and down small spacing space away from an end outward of cross bar 611, more are convenient to the introducing of lifting rope 36.The lifting rope 36 of tower crane is arranged between two adapter plates that are oppositely arranged 651, and sets up on the support roller 65 of correspondence.
A plurality of support rollers 65 can be set on the cross bar 611 of support 61 along its length, be respectively applied to hold up different classes of lifting rope 36.By this set structure, also can prevent to a certain extent disorder cable between the lifting rope 36 of tower crane.
Rope supporting device 60 also can not arrange support roller 65, but directly lifting rope is arranged on the cross bar 611 of support 61, reduce the inhibition of cross bar 611 pair lifting rope motions in order to reduce friction this moment, can be set to round bar by cross bar, then lifting rope be set up on cross bar 611.
In order to prevent disorder cable, a plurality of position limiting structures can also be set on cross bar 611 along its length, then dissimilar lifting rope is separately positioned in the different position limiting structures, then the part that supports lifting rope in the position limiting structure is set to the circle arc support face, to reduce position limiting structure to abrasion and the obstruction of lifting rope.
Also be fixedly installed tether mechanism 66 on the cross bar 611 of support 61, tether mechanism 66 comprises the screw rod mount pad 661 that is fixedly installed on the support 61, be fixedly installed two pipe links 662 that extend along the guide direction of guide part 62 on the screw rod mount pad 661, two pipe links 662 oppositely arrange, and lay respectively at the both sides of cross bar 611, have the bending part 663 for tether on the pipe link 662.Preferably, be provided with tapped bore on the screw rod mount pad 661, pipe link is whorl brace rod, is threaded between whorl brace rod and the screw rod mount pad 661.By thread matching structure, can regulate the extension elongation of whorl brace rod, also just can adjust the elasticity that is arranged on two attaching partss between the rope supporting device 60, make two rope supporting devices 60 can play preferably lifting rope 36 anti-fall effects.
On rope supporting device 60, also be fixedly installed bearing pin Connection Block 64, be provided with the bearing pin connecting bore on the bearing pin Connection Block 64.Rope supporting device 60 can be by realizing being connected between other parts on this bearing pin connecting bore and the tower crane, in order to decide the set-up mode of rope supporting device 60 according to the concrete structure of tower crane.The concrete service condition of the bearing pin Connection Block 64 of rope supporting device 60 will be described in detail in the method for operation below.Here, the bearing pin that connects rope supporting device 60 is connected on rope supporting device 60 or the elevator boom rack by attaching partss such as hinges, when not using this bearing pin, can prevent that also bearing pin from losing.
In conjunction with referring to Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15, according to embodiments of the invention, the derrick runway girder 33 of tower crane comprises that elevator boom rack comprises two lower booms that be arranged in parallel, and derrick runway girder also comprises above-mentioned rope supporting device 60.When dolly is one, rope supporting device 60 is at least two, be respectively the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b, the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b are separately positioned on the both sides of dolly, and the first rope supporting device 60a is arranged on the side of arm root of the close elevator boom rack of dolly, and the second rope supporting device 60b is arranged on opposite side.Connect by attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60, and rope supporting device 60 is arranged on the lower boom (comprising arm roots lower boom and arm tip lower boom) of elevator boom rack along the length direction of elevator boom rack movably by guide part 62, and the lifting rope 36 of derrick runway girder is set up on rope supporting device 60.Attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60 can be rigid connector or fall prevention rope etc., and preferably, when only connecting by attaching parts between two rope supporting devices 60, this attaching parts is rigid connector.Can control well two spacings between the rope supporting device 60 by rigid connector, even dolly is moved, two rope supporting devices 60 also can link thereupon, thereby remain the picking-up effect to lifting rope 36, reduce the sag of chain of lifting rope 36, guarantee the normal operation of derrick runway girder.Rigid connector can be selected suitable length according to the length of elevator boom rack, thereby can improve the anti-fall effect to lifting rope 36.Certainly, also more rope supporting device 60 can be set along the length direction of elevator boom rack.
When being when connecting by the first fall prevention rope 68a between two rope supporting devices 60, a plurality of pulleys 69 can be set on the top of elevator boom rack, then with after the second fall prevention rope 68b winding is on pulley 69, finally be connected on two rope supporting devices 60, and the first fall prevention rope 68a between two rope supporting devices 60, form annular transmission connecting structure.Position when moving of car to a rope supporting device 60 places, and when driving rope supporting device 60 and moving together, because this annular transmission connecting structure, so that another rope supporting device 60 also moves thereupon, and by the spacing between two rope supporting devices 60 of annular transmission connecting structure maintenance, thereby guarantee that rope supporting device 60 plays preferably holder rope and anti-fall effect all the time.In the middle of various embodiments of the present invention, the pulley that is used for winding the second fall prevention rope 68b is fixed pulley.
When connecting fall prevention rope, be connected at the two ends of the first fall prevention rope 68a between two rope supporting devices 60 on the bending part 663 of whorl brace rod of two rope supporting device 60 inboards, winding is connected at the two ends of the second fall prevention rope 68b on the pulley 69 on the bending part 663 of whorl brace rod in two rope supporting device 60 outsides, when be connected between rope supporting device 60 and the first fall prevention rope 68a and the second fall prevention rope 68b finish after, if fall prevention rope is excessively loose, will affect the anti-fall effect of 60 pairs of lifting ropes 36 of rope supporting device, can strain fall prevention rope this moment by the mode of rotation whorl brace rod, makes arranging of fall prevention rope satisfy operating needs.
When dolly is two, dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, rope supporting device 60 also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, the first rope supporting device 60a, secondary dolly 34, the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, main carriage 35 and the direction of the second rope supporting device 60b along arm roots 331 to arm tip 332 are successively set on the elevator boom rack, selectively connect by attaching parts between the first rope supporting device 60a, the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c.
Because secondary dolly 34 has use state and non-working condition according to the construction needs, therefore, selectively connect by attaching parts between the first rope supporting device 60a, the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, just can set according to the mode of operation of secondary dolly 34 annexation of the first rope supporting device 60a, the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c.When secondary dolly 34 is in non-working condition, the bearing pin Connection Block 64 of mentioning before just need to using, can be fixedly connected on the first rope supporting device 60a on the arm roots 331 this moment by bearing pin Connection Block 64, and secondary dolly 34 is captiveed joint with the first rope supporting device 60a.At this moment, have annexation between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, but between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c and the first rope supporting device 60a all without annexation, the first rope supporting device 60a is in idle state.
When secondary dolly 34 also is in the use state, just need to the first rope supporting device 60a be connected rope supporting device 60b and connect by attaching parts along the direction of arm roots 331 to arm tip 332, this attaching parts can be rigid connector or fall prevention rope.When attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope 68a, be provided with on the elevator boom rack between a plurality of pulley 69, the first rope supporting device 60a, the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c by winding and form annular transmission connecting structure at the second fall prevention rope 68b on the pulley 69 and the first fall prevention rope 68a of being connected between the rope supporting device 60.
When dolly only comprises main carriage 35, lifting rope 36 anti-drop methods comprise: the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b are arranged on respectively on the elevator boom rack lower boom of main carriage 35 both sides movably, two rope supporting devices 60 are connected by attaching parts (first fall prevention rope 68a or rigid connector), and the end of the second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the first rope supporting device 60a outside, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on a plurality of pulleys 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the second rope supporting device 60b outside, make two rope supporting devices 60 form annular transmission connecting structure by the second fall prevention rope 68b and attaching parts; Then will lift by crane lifting rope and luffing lifting rope walks around from the support roller 65 of the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b respectively, and will lift by crane lifting rope and the luffing lifting rope is separately positioned in the adapter plate 651 formed spacing spaces at support roller 65 two ends, then be connected on the main carriage 35.
Referring to shown in Figure 14, when dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, but only use main carriage 35, when secondary dolly 34 was in idle state, lifting rope 36 anti-drop methods comprised: the arm roots 331 that at first the first rope supporting device 60a is fixedly connected on movably elevator boom rack; Then secondary dolly 34 is fixedly connected on the first rope supporting device 60a; The second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c are arranged on respectively movably on the lower boom of elevator boom rack of main carriage 35 both sides, and make the second rope supporting device 60b between main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, then between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c, connect with the first fall prevention rope 68a, the first end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of inboard of the second rope supporting device 60b, the second end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of inboard of the 3rd rope supporting device 60c; The end of the second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the outside of the second rope supporting device 60b, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on a plurality of pulleys 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the 3rd rope supporting device 60c outside, make two rope supporting devices 60 form annular transmission connecting structure by two fall prevention ropes; Lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope after walking around, the support roller 65 of the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c are connected on the main carriage 35 respectively.
When using single crab to construct, anti-fall principle is as follows: rope supporting device 60 equally is positioned on the crane arm with dolly, the lifting lifting rope is put on one of them support roller 65 of rope supporting device 60 freely, the luffing lifting rope freely is put on another support roller 65, and rope supporting device 60 can move back and forth at elevator boom rack by roller 622.The first rope supporting device 60a, secondary dolly 34 are fixed together with elevator boom rack when using single crab, can be not mobile at elevator boom rack.When main carriage 35 when crane arm moves, when touching the 3rd rope supporting device 60c and continue toward the 3rd rope supporting device 60c place lateral movement, draw the second rope supporting device 60b toward the 3rd rope supporting device 60c place lateral movement by fall prevention rope.After dolly touches toward the motion of the second rope supporting device 60b direction, can draw the 3rd rope supporting device 60c motion equally.Then two rope supporting devices 60 are motionless during at two rope supporting device 60 intermediary movementses when main carriage 35.Control like this length of the first fall prevention rope 68a between the second rope supporting device 60b and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c well, with regard to being equivalent to the span of crane arm is shortened half, the sag of chain of lifting rope 36 just can be well controlled.
Referring to shown in Figure 15, when dolly comprises main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, and when using simultaneously main carriage 35 and secondary dolly 34, lifting rope 36 anti-drop methods comprise: the arm roots 331 that at first the first rope supporting device 60a is arranged on movably elevator boom rack; Then the 3rd rope supporting device 60c is arranged on the lower boom of the elevator boom rack between secondary dolly 34 and the main carriage 35 movably, the second rope supporting device 60b is arranged on movably on the lower boom of elevator boom rack of close arm point side of main carriage 35; Connect the first rope supporting device 60a and the second rope supporting device 60b by the first fall prevention rope 68a, the first end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of inboard of the first rope supporting device 60a, the second end of the first fall prevention rope 68a is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link of inboard of the second rope supporting device 60b; The end of the second fall prevention rope 68b is fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the outside of the first rope supporting device 60a, the other end winding of the second fall prevention rope 68b on a plurality of pulleys 69 after, be fixedly connected on the bolt pipe link in the second rope supporting device 60b outside, make two rope supporting devices 60 form annular transmission connecting structure by the second fall prevention rope 68b and the first fall prevention rope 68a; Main carriage 35 is captiveed joint with secondary dolly 34; Lifting lifting rope and luffing lifting rope after walking around, the support roller 65 of the first rope supporting device 60a and the 3rd rope supporting device 60c are connected on the main carriage 35 respectively.
When using double trolley to construct, its anti-fall principle is identical with the anti-fall principle of single crab construction, repeats no more here.
From above description, can find out, the above embodiments of the present invention have realized following technique effect: tower crane comprises body of the tower, be arranged on the swing type mechanism at body of the tower top, and be arranged at topside on the swing type mechanism, topside comprises derrick runway girder, cat head support and equilibrium arm, it is characterized in that, derrick runway girder comprises elevator boom rack, elevator boom rack comprises arm roots and arm tip, the cross section of arm roots is quadrangle, the cross section of arm tip is triangle, arm roots is fixedly connected on the swing type mechanism, the arm tip lower boom of arm tip and the arm roots lower boom of arm roots are rotatably connected, the arm tip top boom of arm tip and the arm roots top boom of arm roots disconnect, and arm roots is connected to the cat head support by the first pull bar, and the arm tip is connected to the cat head support by the second pull bar.By adopting the elevator boom rack structure of variable section, can effectively improve the side direction load-carrying capacity of elevator boom rack, increase maximum effectively work range.By making the hinged connection mode of arm tip and arm roots, so that the install and adjust of arm tip is convenient, the degree of balance of jib behind the elevator boom rack of the longer luffing of further assurance employing.
Be the preferred embodiments of the present invention only below, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. tower crane, comprise body of the tower (10), be arranged on the swing type mechanism (20) at described body of the tower (10) top, and be arranged at topside (30) on the described swing type mechanism (20), described topside (30) comprises derrick runway girder (33), cat head support (32) and equilibrium arm (31), it is characterized in that, described derrick runway girder (33) comprises elevator boom rack, described elevator boom rack comprises arm roots (331) and arm tip (332), the cross section of described arm roots (331) is quadrangle, the cross section of described arm tip (332) is triangle, described arm roots (331) is fixedly connected on the described swing type mechanism (20), the arm tip lower boom (3322) of described arm tip (332) is rotatably connected with the arm roots lower boom (3312) of described arm roots (331), the arm tip top boom (3321) of described arm tip (332) disconnects with the arm roots top boom (3311) of described arm roots (331), described arm roots (331) is connected to described cat head support (32) by the first pull bar (42), and described arm tip (332) is connected to described cat head support (32) by the second pull bar (43).
2. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described arm roots (331) is provided with pull bar support mount pad (40) with the connection location of described arm tip (332), described derrick runway girder (33) comprises the pull bar support (41) that is arranged on rotationally on the described pull bar support mount pad (40), described pull bar support (41) is supported on the middle part of described the second pull bar (43), and the middle part of described the second pull bar (43) is upwards propped up.
3. tower crane according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the second pull bar (43) comprises the first linkage section (431) and the second linkage section (432), the first end of described the first linkage section (431) is connected on the described swing type mechanism (20), the second end of described the first linkage section (431) is connected to the free end of described pull bar support (41), the first end of described the second linkage section (432) is connected on the free end of described pull bar support (41), and the second end of described the second linkage section (432) is connected on the described arm tip (332).
4. tower crane according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described arm tip (332) comprises the second suspension centre (36b) and the 3rd suspension centre (36c), described the second suspension centre (36b) is arranged on the first end of the close described arm roots (331) of described arm tip (332), described the 3rd suspension centre (36c) is arranged on the second end of described arm tip (332), described the second suspension centre (36b) and described the 3rd suspension centre (36c) all are arranged on the described arm tip top boom (3321), described the second linkage section (432) is two, one of them of two described the second linkage sections (432) is connected to described the second suspension centre (36b), and another described second linkage section (432) is connected to described the 3rd suspension centre (36c).
5. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper end near described arm tip (332) of described arm roots (331) is provided with two the first suspension centres (36a), two described the first suspension centres (36a) correspondence is arranged on two described arm roots top booms (3311), described the first pull bar (42) has two, and two described the first pull bars (42) connect one to one with two described the first suspension centres (36a).
6. tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, removably be connected with interim installation pull bar (44) between described arm roots (331) and the described swing type mechanism (20), the first end of described interim installation pull bar (44) is connected on the described arm roots top boom (3311).
7. tower crane according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, for bearing pin is connected, the bearing pin mounting hole on described interim installation pull bar (44) and/or the described arm roots top boom (3311) is waist shaped hole between described interim installation pull bar (44) and the described arm roots top boom (3311).
8. each described tower crane in 7 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tower crane also comprises rope supporting device (60), described rope supporting device (60) is hung on the below of described derrick runway girder (33) movingly along the length direction of described derrick runway girder (33), the lifting rope of described tower crane (36) is set up on described rope supporting device (60).
9. tower crane according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rope supporting device (60) comprises support (61) and is arranged on the guide part (62) of two opposite ends of described support (61), the first end of described guide part (62) is provided with guiding mechanism (621), removably captive joint between the second end of at least one described guide part (62) and the described support (61), be positioned at the described guiding mechanism (621) of described support (61) first end to the second end extension of described support (61), be positioned at the described guiding mechanism (621) of described support (61) second ends to the first end extension of described support (61), and two described guiding mechanisms (621) are oppositely arranged, and described lifting rope (36) is set up on described support (61).
10. tower crane according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) comprises the guiding mechanism (621) of the montant (625) that is connected with described support (61) and the first end that is fixedly installed on described montant (625), described guiding mechanism (621) comprises the roller (622) of the first end that is fixedly installed on described montant (625), described roller (622) is positioned at the formed guide space of two described guide parts (62), and the described roller (622) that is positioned at described support (61) two ends is oppositely arranged, and described guide part is arranged on the described derrick runway girder (33) movingly by described roller (62).
11. tower crane according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described guide part (62) also comprises the side track adjusting wheel (623) that is arranged on rotationally on the described montant (625), described side track adjusting wheel (623) is positioned at the adjacent both sides with described roller (622) one sides are set of described montant (625), and described side track adjusting wheel (623) extends to described guide space, and described side track adjusting wheel (63) connects with the lateral wall of described derrick runway girder (33).
12. tower crane according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, be provided with support roller (65) on the described support (61), the two ends of described support roller (65) are provided with adapter plate (651), described adapter plate (651) is fixedly installed on the described support (61), described support roller (65) is arranged on the described adapter plate (651) rotationally, be positioned at and form spacing space between two adapter plates that are oppositely arranged (651) at described support roller (65) two ends, described lifting rope (36) is arranged on the described support roller (65).
13. tower crane according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, be fixedly installed tether mechanism (66) on the described support (61), described tether mechanism (66) comprises the screw rod mount pad (661) that is fixedly installed on the described support (61), be fixedly installed two pipe links (662) that extend along the guide direction of described guide part (62) on the described screw rod mount pad (661), two described pipe links (662) oppositely arrange, and have the bending part (663) for tether on the described pipe link (662).
14. tower crane according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, be provided with tapped bore on the described screw rod mount pad (661), described pipe link (662) is whorl brace rod, is threaded between described whorl brace rod and the described screw rod mount pad (661).
15. tower crane according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, also be fixedly installed bearing pin Connection Block (64) on the described rope supporting device (60), be provided with the bearing pin connecting bore on the described bearing pin Connection Block (64), described rope supporting device (60) selectively is connected with the arm roots (331) of described elevator boom rack by bearing pin.
16. tower crane according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described derrick runway girder is provided with dolly on (33) movably, described rope supporting device (60) comprises the first rope supporting device (60a) and the second rope supporting device (60b) at least, described the first rope supporting device (60a) and described the second rope supporting device (60b) are separately positioned on the two ends of described dolly, connect by attaching parts between two described rope supporting devices (60), described attaching parts limits the spacing between two described rope supporting devices (60).
17. tower crane according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described dolly comprises main carriage (35) and secondary dolly (34), described rope supporting device (60) also comprises the 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described the first rope supporting device (60a), described secondary dolly (34), described the 3rd rope supporting device (60c), described main carriage (35) and described the second rope supporting device (60b) direction along arm roots (331) to arm tip (332) is successively set on the described elevator boom rack described the first rope supporting device (60a), selectively connect by described attaching parts between described the second rope supporting device (60b) and described the 3rd rope supporting device (60c).
18. tower crane according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, be provided with a plurality of pulleys (69) on the described elevator boom rack, described attaching parts is the first fall prevention rope (68a), and described the first rope supporting device (60a), described the second rope supporting device (60b) and described the 3rd rope supporting device (60c) form annular transmission connecting structure by winding at the second fall prevention rope (68b) on the described pulley (69) and the first fall prevention rope (68a) of being connected between the described rope supporting device (60).
19. tower crane according to claim 16 is characterized in that, described attaching parts is rigid connector.
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| CN201210460536.2A CN102942124B (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2012-11-15 | Tower crane |
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