Based on component assembling method and the device of electromagnetism assist formation
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of crooked metal sheet technical field, specifically a kind of component assembling method based on electromagnetism assist formation and device.
Background technology
When two part exterior parts and inner part are fitted to each other, one of them part needs bending.The assembly method that such as automobile decoration panel part is traditional comprises two stages: first bending forming 90 ° as shown in Fig. 1 left-half, then bends to 180 ° again as shown in Fig. 1 right half part.Now, crooked part assembly process or be out of shape in a mold, or use roller flattening-out as shown in Figure 2.
These methods above-mentioned each have oneself pluses and minuses.Such as, need to apply very large power to overcome the slip of part counter roller.In addition, conventional equipment always can not realize roll, because single wheel rolls auxiliary equipment set up uneven radial load, this power can damage machine tool component.Design and manufacture equipment, flattening-out technique need long-time, must adopt special plane, productivity ratio be lowly rolling assembling common disadvantage.
Through finding the retrieval of prior art, Chinese patent literature 102248059A publication date 2011-11-23, describe a kind of multistage multi-directional electromagnetic forming method, this technology adopts quasi-steady state electric current to set up stabilizing magnetic field region, pulse current is utilized to produce inductive loop within the workpiece, electromagnetic force between inductive loop and pulse current is ordered about workpiece and is positioned at the part of die outside to the Direction distortion away from die, and workpiece is positioned at the part of die inside to the Direction distortion near die, when the portion deforms of die inside is to stabilizing magnetic field region, inductive loop effect in stabilizing magnetic field and workpiece is ordered about workpiece accelerated motion and to be fitted die, complete shaping.But the defect of this technology is: owing to adopting " multistage multi-directional electromagnetic forming method " to cause electro-magnetic forming equipment too complicated, be difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of component assembling method based on electromagnetism assist formation and device are provided, the dead load that the dynamic loading provided by electro-magnetic forming and forcing press provide is used for the shaping fit on of two parts dexterously, abandons conventional multiple working procedure, overpays the assembling of the poor efficiency of mould.Do not need more mold exchange in the invention process process, the bending assembling of inner part and exterior part can be realized simply and easily in a secondary mould.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of component assembling method based on electromagnetism assist formation, by press ram first to upper, in lower overlap, exterior part provides static pressure to make exterior part vertical curve 90 °, then pass through in coil, apply the dynamic loading that pulse current produces magnetic force to the sweep of exterior part, exterior part surface is made to produce induced-current and the Induced magnetic field contrary with coil magnetic field direction by magneticaction, thus produce and to repel each other with coil, be greater than exterior part yield strength electromagnetic force, make its inside component flexes 45 °, finally by punch, exterior part is pressed to inner part, realization fits tightly.
Described static pressure be act on inner part and exterior part upper and lower to mechanicals efforts.
The invention provides a kind of assembling parts device based on electromagnetism assist formation, comprise: for spacing static(al) force application mechanism and the power applying mechanism with magnetic-inductive device, wherein: static(al) force application mechanism and press top shoe are rigidly connected, inner part to be assembled and exterior part are arranged in static(al) force application mechanism, and power applying mechanism is symmetricly set in the both sides of exterior part.
Described static(al) force application mechanism comprises: punch case, punch and knock-pin, wherein: punch is arranged in punch case and both are positioned at the top of inner part, and knock-pin is positioned at the below of exterior part.
Be provided with elastic parts between described punch and punch case, with realize technique terminate after punch-punch case be separated, guarantee that inner part and exterior part fit tightly simultaneously.
Described elastic parts is air pressure assembly, hydraulic member or mechanical spring packs.
Described magnetic-inductive device is arranged in power applying mechanism and just to exterior part, the upper end of magnetic-inductive device and the upper plane of power applying mechanism are positioned at same plane.
Described magnetic-inductive device comprises: coil and charge-discharge circuit, wherein: coil is arranged on the both sides of exterior part, coil is connected with charge-discharge circuit, this charge-discharge circuit comprises: step-up transformer, rectifier, charging resistor, capacitor and discharger, wherein: 220V or 380V alternating current inputs after step-up transformer and rectifier carry out boosting rectification successively after frequency conversion, be converted into high voltage direct current through charging resistor to charge to capacitor, after capacitor accumulation of energy reaches predetermined value, connect discharger produce By Impulsive Current to coil instantaneous relase, even strong pulsed magnetic field is produced around coil, magnetic field makes the surface of the exterior part with electric conductivity produce induced-current and the Induced magnetic field contrary with coil magnetic field direction.
The present invention's utilize electromagnetic force to realize forming limit that sheet metal deformation can increase substantially plate, electro-magnetic forming maximum strain is common shaping 3 times.
The advantageous that the present invention uses static(al) educational level and dynamics composition to load exists: save material; Complete assembling only using under a secondary mould; Reduce active force under static load conditions; Owing to shortening the manufacturing time of part, reduce and manufacture work step, thus improve labor productivity; Improve the mechanical property of manufactured part.Electromagnetic forming technique has the features such as machining energy is easy to accurate control, forming speed is fast, Forming Workpiece precision is high, shaping dies is simple and die life is long, equipment interoperability is strong.And whole forming process is green, environmental protection.Now be widely used in the numerous areas such as machinery, electronics, auto industry, Aero-Space, weapon industry, application prospect is very wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart be shaped in mould in prior art:
In figure: left figure is curved in 90 °, and right figure curves 180 °.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart using roller flattening-out to be shaped in prior art.
Fig. 3 is example structure schematic diagram:
In figure: a is original state schematic diagram; B is using state schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is power applying mechanism schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is close-up schematic view in Fig. 3;
In figure: a is exterior part original state schematic diagram; B is end-state schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the Principal strain ratio comparatively schematic diagram of the present invention's manufacturing process unlike the prior art;
In figure: be 1. electromagnetic forming method; 2. be common forming process.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, the present embodiment comprises: for spacing static(al) force application mechanism 1 and the power force application mechanism 2 with magnetic-inductive device 9, wherein: static(al) force application mechanism 1 and press top shoe are rigidly connected, inner part 3 to be assembled and exterior part 4 are arranged in static(al) force application mechanism 1, and power force application mechanism 2 is symmetricly set in the both sides of exterior part 4.
Described static(al) force application mechanism 1 comprises: punch case 5, punch 6 and knock-pin 7, wherein: punch 6 is arranged in punch case 5 and both are positioned at the top of inner part 3, and knock-pin 7 is positioned at the below of exterior part 4.
Described elastic parts 8 adopts mechanical spring packs to realize.
As shown in Figure 4, described magnetic-inductive device 9 to be arranged in power force application mechanism 2 and just to exterior part 4, the upper end of magnetic-inductive device 9 and the upper plane of power force application mechanism 2 are positioned at same plane.
Described magnetic-inductive device 9 comprises: coil M and charge-discharge circuit, wherein: coil M is arranged on the both sides of exterior part 4, coil M is connected with charge-discharge circuit, this charge-discharge circuit comprises: step-up transformer T, rectifier D, charging resistor R, capacitor C and discharger k, wherein: 220V or 380V alternating current inputs after step-up transformer T and rectifier D carries out boosting rectification successively after frequency conversion, be converted into high voltage direct current through charging resistor R to charge to capacitor C, after capacitor C accumulation of energy reaches predetermined value, connect discharger k produce By Impulsive Current to coil M instantaneous relase, even strong pulsed magnetic field is produced around coil M, magnetic field makes the surface of the exterior part with electric conductivity produce induced-current and the Induced magnetic field contrary with coil M magnetic direction.
The rated voltage 20kV of described capacitor C, capacitance 1100 μ F.
Described release time is 10
-3s/ time.
Described power end has high-voltage capacitance, capacitance 1100 μ F.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, device is contained on TZP-400 type hydraulic drawing press, two pieces of inner parts 3 to be assembled and exterior part 4 are inserted in mould, when hydraulic drawing press slide block down, drive punch 6 descending, hydrostatic pressure is imposed to inner part 3 and exterior part 4, and exterior part 4 stretch in 90 ° after, slide block drives punch 6 backhaul; But because the elastic force of elastic parts 8 is applied on punch 6, make punch 6 be separated with punch case 5 and inner part 3 and exterior part 4 be pushed down; Now, magnetic inductor connects AC power 380v, produces magnetic force, exterior part 4 inward at both ends is made to bend to 45 °, deenergization, hydraulic drawing press slide block down, drive punch case 5 to be pressed on inner part 3 by curved exterior part 4 at 45 °, realize inner part 3 and exterior part 4 combination assembling.The backhaul of hydraulic drawing press slide block, knock-pin 7 ejects sub-assembly.Like this, a manufacturing cycle is completed.Subsequently, then repeat this step.Realize a press, a secondary mould complete workpiece assembling.
Be be the vitals that magnetic field energy makes workpiece deformation by electric energy conversion due to coil, its structural design directly affects the forming effect quality of workpiece, the height of forming efficiency, the length in coil service life.The structure of the coil that differing formed technique adopts varies, and is the key point of efficient application electromagnetic forming technique in conjunction with the coil that workpiece deformation feature is reasonable in design.The shape of coil is different, and the deformation extent of blank various piece is not identical yet, because the distribution situation being supplied to the electromagnetic force needed for blank deformation is determined by the structure of coil.
Coil M in the present embodiment is flat rectangular plate helical coil structure, and centre is close around rectangle, and turn-to-turn is apart from less, and bending part has round-corner transition; The wire that coil adopts is by the uniform press coil of red copper glass envelope curve coiling, and its working face is plane, is applicable to the electro-magnetic forming of flat part.
Described wire adopts that epoxy resin is main stuffing, polyethylene polyamine is curing agent, aluminium-hydroxide powder is that hardening constituent is mixed well cast and formed, and solidification in an oven with the temperature 4 hours of 80 DEG C in atmosphere after cast, to ensure the intensity of resin.Can resist the interaction force of each turn-to-turn and the reaction force of plate preferably by the coil after cast, the intensity that improve coil to a certain extent extends the service life of coil.
As shown in Figure 6, for 6061-T4 aluminum alloy plate materials, the Principal strain ratio of the present embodiment manufacturing process unlike the prior art is comparatively illustrated, as seen in FIG., electro-magnetic forming maximum strain is common shaping 3 times, and electro-magnetic forming ability of the present invention and efficiency are higher than other manufacturing process.