CN102937617A - Self-calibration exhaled gas analysis device - Google Patents

Self-calibration exhaled gas analysis device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102937617A
CN102937617A CN2012104682689A CN201210468268A CN102937617A CN 102937617 A CN102937617 A CN 102937617A CN 2012104682689 A CN2012104682689 A CN 2012104682689A CN 201210468268 A CN201210468268 A CN 201210468268A CN 102937617 A CN102937617 A CN 102937617A
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gas
sensor
module
air chamber
detection module
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CN102937617B (en
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谢雷
韩杰
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SHANGWO MEDICAL ELECTRONIC WUXI CO Ltd
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SHANGWO MEDICAL ELECTRONIC WUXI CO Ltd
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Abstract

A self-calibration exhaled gas analysis device comprises an exhalation control module, a sampling module, a detection module and a control module, wherein the exhalation control module and the sampling module are used for exhausting and sampling exhaled gas of an examinee respectively, and the control module is used for controlling the exhalation control module, the sampling module and the detection module and performing information collection, processing, storage and communication. The sampling module comprises at least one gas chamber for temporarily storing part of the exhaled gas, the gas in the gas chambers is directly measured after the concentration of the gas is quantitatively changed by electrolysis, two gas chambers are connected with the detection module through valves, and the detection module comprises a valve, a sensor, a gas pump and a pipeline and is used for respectively leading the gas in at least two gas chambers into the sensor for measurement.

Description

From demarcating the breath analytical equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to the expiration gas detection field.
Background technology
Expiration nitric oxide is analyzed for the detection of the respiratory diseases such as asthma as the mark of airway inflammation and has been obtained the medical profession abundant affirmation.Europe has been formulated expiration nitric oxide at 1997 and 1999 respectively with the U.S. and has been detected proposed standard, and united in 2005 and to formulate and announced this standard (" ATS/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and Offline Measurement of Exhaled Low Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitric Oxide; 2005 ", ATS is the abbreviation of U.S. throat association, ERC is that European pneumatology can be abridged, hereinafter to be referred as " standard ").Be somebody's turn to do " standard " and be used for instructing diagnosis and the therapeutic evaluation that how to detect and testing result is used for the respiratory diseases such as asthma.
" standard " detects exhaling and proposed high sensitivity and high selectivity requirement, for example, precision and lower limit that nitrogen monoxide is detected must be lower than 5ppb, and detection must be carried out in the air-flow of controlling and pressure limit, and the result of detection must not be subject to the interference of temperature, humidity and other gas.What usually can satisfy this requirement is chemiluminescent analyzer by this standard development.This instrument belongs to laboratory analytical instrument, and is not only valuable, and needs to demarcate frequently and special maintenance, so clinical practice and popularization are extremely restricted.For this reason, people attempt to utilize small gas sensor to develop portable expiration detector always, even can as the diabetes blood-sugar detecting instrument, be used for the family health care nursing.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent (corresponding Application No. US20040082872) of CN16814635 has been announced a kind of portable expiration nitric oxide detector.This invention mainly utilizes standard recommendation, also is that constant temperature, constant voltage, constant current and constant humidity equal controller that chemiluminescent analyzer adopts avoid exhaling temperature, pressure, air-flow and the humidity of sample and environment to the interference of nitric oxide sensor.Yet the interference of other gas and elimination or the method avoided in this invention and the undeclared expiration.These are generally used for the control device in the laboratory analytical instrument so that the detector structure is very complicated in addition, and can only realize effectively control under the indoor temperature of stipulating and damp condition.
Publication number is that 7352465 United States Patent (USP) has disclosed a kind of detector that utilizes the Photobiology sensor to detect expiration nitric oxide.The same with electrochemical sensor, in being lower than the sensing range of ppm, this sensor to humidity with exhale in some gases, very responsive such as carbon dioxide etc.This patent adopts the porous mediums such as 3A molecular sieve and aluminium oxide to remove respectively hydrone and carbon dioxide.Yet, owing to also have other interference gas in exhaling, even it is possible to remove one by one all interference gas, but also very complicated and expensive.
Another one extremely important but above-mentioned and other the invention still NM problem be the scaling method of sensor and detection.Be subject to the impact of outside (temperature, humidity, interference gas etc.) and inner (inactivation of detection part or aging) condition, the performance of all the sensors and detector or analyser all can decay, and is usually expressed as the drift of zero point and signal.Therefore need in using demarcating frequently at zero point and sensitivity, and these are demarcated and usually need external accessory and specialty to operate.Although can take the method for frequent sensor and detection part to avoid demarcating, the cost of for this reason paying may be higher than demarcating.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will disclose a kind of can directly the measurement breath and need not the method and apparatus that Standard Gases is demarcated sensor, and these apparatus and method can improve selectivity, accuracy and the stability of test simultaneously.
This equipment comprises expiration control module, sampling module, detection module and control module, be respectively applied to discharging and sampling that the tester is exhaled, to described expiration control module, sampling module and detection module is controlled and the collection of the information of carrying out, processing, storage and communication; Described sampling module comprises at least air chamber, be used for temporarily depositing the part of breath, wherein the gas at least one air chamber is used for directly measuring, gas at least one air chamber is measured after electrolysis causes its concentration quantitative to change again, and two air chambers link to each other with detection module by three-way solenoid valve; Described detection module is comprised of valve, sensor, air pump and pipeline, passes into respectively sensor for the gas with at least two air chambers and measures.
Two air chambers in the said equipment can be connected in series by two position three-way valve, at this moment the public termination detection module of three-way solenoid valve.
Two air chambers in the said equipment also can be connected in parallel, and this moment, described two air chamber air inlet and outlet ends were connected with detection module with the expiration control module by after the two position two-way valve parallel connection respectively.
It is as follows to utilize the said equipment to carry out the process that breath analysis measures:
Exhale in the described equipment by predetermined flow, pressure and expiratory duration;
To adjust gas in the air chamber without concentration and pass into sensor and measure, measurement result satisfies measures equation;
Gas at least one air chamber is carried out electrolysis, and the record electrolysis electricity is used for calculating the concentration change that electrolysis causes, and this concentration change satisfies mass equation;
At least one gas in over-richness adjustment air chamber is passed into sensor measure, the result satisfies the measurement equation;
Sensitivity by above-mentioned a plurality of measurement equations and mass equation calculating expiration sample gas concentration and sensor.
In addition, present device and method utilize the electrochemical electrolysis technology to on-the-spot breath sample concentration quantitative adjusting, then directly calculate the expiration sample concentration by the differential analysis algorithm, be equivalent to measure at every turn and carried out under the at the scene expiration condition once from demarcating, thereby can farthest eliminate and exhale and environment temperature, humidity, the impact of pressure and interference gas, guaranteed the selectivity to the nitrogen monoxide detection, accuracy and stability, do not need during detection in the ppb concentration range detecting device and the gas that detects are carried out accurate Temperature and Humidity Control yet, simplified Instrument Design, also need not maintenance is demarcated in the sensitivity of detecting device.
Description of drawings
Be combined in reference to the accompanying drawings following implementation explanation, embodiment and claim and describe in further detail the present invention.In the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral represents identical feature all the time, wherein:
Fig. 1 is one of equipment gas circuit result schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is two of equipment gas circuit result schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 utilizes result that this analytical equipment tests 0 ~ 300ppb NO gas and the relation between distribution concentration;
Fig. 4 utilizes this analytical equipment to 15,75 and 40 days stability data of 200ppbNO gas continuous coverage.
Embodiment
Detection to expiration nitric oxide, the expiratory gas flow that " standard " recommends and pressure are respectively in 50 milliliters/second and the 5-20 millimeter of water, expiratory duration was greater than 6 seconds, at least breathe out thus and be approximately 300 milliliters expiration sample, front portion is owing to be that oral cavity but not the gas of air flue or lung must discharge, rear portion for detection of.What must consider in addition is how to discharge simultaneously unborn gas in detector gas circuit and the parts, avoids these gases to sneak into the expiration that enters, the reliability that impact detects.
The design of expiration control module takes into full account above-mentioned standard to expiratory gas flow, pressure, the requirement of time control, by the adjustment of gas circuit resistance being realized the control to breath pressure, by the realization of flow pressure feedback assembly being set to the control of expiratory gas flow, by the control of software realization to the sampling time, and emptying for original gas in the gas circuit, principle of design is the flow state that the parts of assurance detector gas circuit and gas process all keep piston flow, the unborn gas in gas push front, the gas that the flow direction front and back do not occur mixes, until the gas of front and the front a part of gas of expiration are discharged detector.The generation of piston flow and the geometric configuration that keeps depending on flow velocity, flowing distance, flow area and mobile parts, modal piston flow device is elongated pipeline.It is the dead volume of as far as possible avoiding in detector interior arrangement or the parts that design is in addition considered.
Fig. 1 is the certainly demarcation expiration gas analytical equipment gas circuit structure synoptic diagram according to the requirement of expiration nitric oxide examination criteria and the design of self-calibration gas testing requirement, it comprises expiration control module 100, sampling module, detection module and control module, be respectively applied to discharging and sampling that the tester is exhaled, to described expiration control module, sampling module and detection module is controlled and the collection of the information of carrying out, processing, storage and communication:
Described sampling module comprises two air chambers 201,202, be used for temporarily depositing the part of breath, gas in one of them air chamber 201 is used for directly measuring, another air chamber 202 consists of the circulation gas circuit with valve 304, air pump 502, galvanochemistry nitrogen monoxide electrolytic cell 601 and valve 305, gas in this air chamber is measured after galvanochemistry nitrogen monoxide electrolytic cell 601 cyclic electrolysis cause its concentration quantitative to change again, two air chambers link to each other with detection module by two-position three way magnetic valve 302, and the volume of 2 air chambers is 30ml; Described detection module is comprised of two-position three way magnetic valve 302, nitric oxide sensor 401, air pump 501 and pipeline, passes into respectively nitric oxide sensor 401 for the gas with two air chambers and measures.
Open valve 310,303, control T-valve 302, valve-off 303,304,75ppb nitrogen monoxide Standard Gases is passed into and carries out follow-up measurement in the described equipment through valve 301, air chamber 201, T-valve 302, air chamber 202, valve 305, and its measuring process is as follows:
1) control T-valve 302 through sensor 401, records the steady-state response electric current of sensor 401 by the gas in the pump 501 extraction air chambers 201, and relation is satisfied in the response of this sensor:
S 1=kC=0.165(uA) (1)
S wherein 1For sensor response, k are that transducer sensitivity, C are gas concentration
2) open valve 303,304, valve-off 305 makes gas get back to air chamber 202 behind air chamber 202, valve 303, galvanochemistry nitrogen monoxide electrolytic cell 601, valve 304 by air pump 502.In this cyclic process, electrolytic cell carries out electrolysis to the nitric oxide gas in the air chamber and causes its concentration to descend, and this process satisfies relation:
Q=∫i 201dt =nFV*△C=4.95(uC) (2)
Wherein Q is that electrolytic cell 201 Faradaic currents, t are that cyclic electrolysis time, n are that Faraday constant, V are that air chamber volume, △ C are the variable quantity that electrolysis causes gas concentration for response consumes power, i201.
3) switch three-way valve 302, through sensor 401, record the steady-state response electric current of sensor 401 by the gas in the pump 501 extraction air chambers 202, and relation is satisfied in the response of this sensor:
S 2=k(C-△C)=0.123(uA) (3)
Can be tried to achieve by equation (1) ~ (3) simultaneous:
k=nFV(S1-S2)/∫i 201dt =2.21(nA/ppb) (4)
C= S 1/(S1-S2) *∫i 201dt/(nFV)=75.2(ppb) (5)
The transducer sensitivity that said method is tried to achieve is 2.2nA/ppb, coincide with the sensitivity that directly calculates with Standard Gases (formula (1)).
Directly the equipment breath of exhaling is just collected in the air chamber 201 and 202 by the expiration control module, it is 2.25nA/ppb that repetition above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3) calculate 401 pairs of nitric oxide production sensitivity of sensor, mouth expiration nitric oxide concentration is 16.7ppb, sensitivity and Standard Gases test result approach, mouthful breath tester result also with the test result 17.2ppb of the NIOX of Sweden Aerocrine company without significant difference.
This shows that said apparatus and method can be determined also can measure sample gas concentration in the sensitivity of sensor 202 in the situation that does not need calibrating gas.
Fig. 3 is the result who utilizes this analytical equipment that 0 ~ 300ppb NO gas is tested, and the result shows that this tester measurement result and distribution concentration in 0 ~ 300ppb scope are substantially identical.
Fig. 4 utilizes this analytical equipment to 15,75 and 40 days data of 200ppbNO gas continuous coverage, and the result shows that its stability is very good.
More than by the example of demarcating by nitric oxide sensor principle of work and the process of this device have been described, by principle as can be known, as long as response equation (1) is satisfied in the response of sensor, process (2) can be set up mass equation (2), carrying out double measurement by step (3) just can demarcate the sensitivity of sensor 401, and to sensor type without limits, can be electrochemical sensor, semiconductor transducer, catalytic combustion sensor, infrared sensor etc.
If the response of nitric oxide sensor 401 is nonlinear, also can be by a plurality of air chambers be set, each different cyclic electrolysis time of air chamber control, the gas that produces different varied concentrations is measured, construction is by a plurality of mass equations and measure the system of equations that equation forms, and finishes the demarcation of nonlinear transducer parameter and the measurement of gas concentration.
As seen from the above analysis, present device and method utilize the electrochemical electrolysis technology to on-the-spot breath sample concentration quantitative adjusting, then directly calculate the expiration sample concentration by the differential analysis algorithm, be equivalent to measure at every turn and carried out under the at the scene expiration condition once from demarcating, thereby can farthest eliminate and exhale and environment temperature, humidity, the impact of pressure and interference gas, guaranteed the selectivity to the nitrogen monoxide detection, accuracy and stability, do not need during detection in the ppb concentration range detecting device and the gas that detects are carried out accurate Temperature and Humidity Control yet, simplified Instrument Design, also need not maintenance is demarcated in the sensitivity of detecting device.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of implementation of certainly demarcation breath analysis equipment gas circuit of building according to same invention thinking, different from above-described embodiment is, two air chambers are connected in parallel in this implementation, during expiration by expiration control module 100a with gas simultaneously incoming call air chamber 201a and 202a, during analytical test respectively by- pass valve control 301a, 302a, 303a and 306a make the gas of two air chambers pass into respectively sensor to measure, the test analysis process is the same.
Above-described embodiment introduction be the apparatus and method for that utilizes galvanochemistry nitric oxide sensor test expiration nitric oxide, in fact, from above-mentioned analysis principle and test process, described apparatus and method for is to the not restriction of type selecting of sensor, thereby by selecting different sensors, such as sensors such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ammonia, aldehydes, described method and apparatus also can be used for the certainly demarcation analysis of above-mentioned gas.
Above-described embodiment provides to being familiar with the person in the art and realizes or use of the present invention; those skilled in the art can be in the situation that does not break away from invention thought of the present invention; above-described embodiment is made various modifications or variation, thereby protection scope of the present invention is not limit by above-described embodiment.

Claims (4)

1. certainly demarcate the breath analytical equipment, comprise expiration control module, sampling module, detection module and control module, be respectively applied to discharging and sampling that the tester is exhaled, to described expiration control module, sampling module and detection module is controlled and the collection of the information of carrying out, processing, storage and communication; It is characterized in that: described sampling module comprises at least air chamber, be used for temporarily depositing the part of breath, wherein the gas at least one air chamber is used for directly measuring, gas at least one air chamber is measured after electrolysis causes its concentration quantitative to change again, and two air chambers link to each other with detection module by valve; Described detection module is comprised of valve, sensor, air pump and pipeline, passes into respectively sensor for the gas with at least two air chambers and measures.
2. as claimed in claim 1 from demarcating the breath analytical equipment, it is characterized in that wherein said two air chambers are connected in series by two-position three way magnetic valve, the public termination detection module of three-way solenoid valve.
3. as claimed in claim 1 from demarcating the breath analytical equipment, it is characterized in that wherein said two air chamber air inlet and outlet ends are connected with detection module with the expiration control module by after the two position two-way valve parallel connection respectively.
4. breath analytical approach, the method right to use requires 1 described equipment, it is characterized in that:
Exhale in the described equipment by predetermined flow, pressure and expiratory duration;
To adjust gas in the air chamber without concentration and pass into sensor and measure, measurement result satisfies measures equation;
Gas at least one air chamber is carried out electrolysis, and the record electrolysis electricity is used for calculating the concentration change that electrolysis causes, and this concentration change satisfies mass equation;
At least one gas in over-richness adjustment air chamber is passed into sensor measure, the result satisfies the measurement equation;
Sensitivity by above-mentioned a plurality of measurement equations and mass equation calculating expiration sample gas concentration and sensor.
CN201210468268.9A 2012-08-13 2012-11-20 Self-calibration exhaled gas analysis device Active CN102937617B (en)

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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103487481A (en) * 2013-10-16 2014-01-01 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Expiration ammonia gas analyzer
CN104713989A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-06-17 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Mixing chamber technology-based gas metabolism detection apparatus and method thereof
CN105433947A (en) * 2014-11-13 2016-03-30 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 Pneumatic system, fluid analysis system and dynamic pressure adjusting method
CN105496412A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-04-20 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Expiration inflammation monitoring method and device
CN105628752A (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-01 国网青海省电力公司电力科学研究院 Calibration method of electrochemical sensor
CN110763810A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-02-07 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Quality inspection system of breath analyzer
CN112107333A (en) * 2020-09-16 2020-12-22 深圳大学 Collection device, detection device and method for expired gas of baby
CN113504361A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-10-15 广州瑞普医疗科技有限公司 Automatic detection method and system

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CN101368927A (en) * 2008-09-08 2009-02-18 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 Self-calibration gas sensor
CN101393199A (en) * 2008-09-08 2009-03-25 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 Breath detection device
CN202974939U (en) * 2012-08-13 2013-06-05 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Self-calibration exhaled-gas analysis equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101354394A (en) * 2008-09-08 2009-01-28 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 Expiration nitric oxide detection device
CN101368927A (en) * 2008-09-08 2009-02-18 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 Self-calibration gas sensor
CN101393199A (en) * 2008-09-08 2009-03-25 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 Breath detection device
CN202974939U (en) * 2012-08-13 2013-06-05 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Self-calibration exhaled-gas analysis equipment

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103487481B (en) * 2013-10-16 2016-01-13 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 A kind of expiration ammonia analyser
CN103487481A (en) * 2013-10-16 2014-01-01 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Expiration ammonia gas analyzer
CN105433947A (en) * 2014-11-13 2016-03-30 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 Pneumatic system, fluid analysis system and dynamic pressure adjusting method
CN105628752A (en) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-01 国网青海省电力公司电力科学研究院 Calibration method of electrochemical sensor
CN105628752B (en) * 2014-11-28 2019-03-26 国网青海省电力公司电力科学研究院 The scaling method of electrochemical sensor
CN104713989B (en) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-17 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of gaseous metabolism based on mixing chamber technology detection device and method
CN104713989A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-06-17 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Mixing chamber technology-based gas metabolism detection apparatus and method thereof
CN105496412A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-04-20 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Expiration inflammation monitoring method and device
CN105496412B (en) * 2015-12-04 2019-04-19 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 A kind of expiration inflammation monitoring method and device
CN110763810A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-02-07 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Quality inspection system of breath analyzer
CN110763810B (en) * 2019-12-10 2024-03-15 无锡市尚沃医疗电子股份有限公司 Quality inspection system of exhale analyzer
CN112107333A (en) * 2020-09-16 2020-12-22 深圳大学 Collection device, detection device and method for expired gas of baby
CN113504361A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-10-15 广州瑞普医疗科技有限公司 Automatic detection method and system

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