CN102936911A - 一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统 - Google Patents

一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统 Download PDF

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CN102936911A
CN102936911A CN2012104899135A CN201210489913A CN102936911A CN 102936911 A CN102936911 A CN 102936911A CN 2012104899135 A CN2012104899135 A CN 2012104899135A CN 201210489913 A CN201210489913 A CN 201210489913A CN 102936911 A CN102936911 A CN 102936911A
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canal
rainwater
ditch
buffering
type green
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CN102936911B (zh
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柴宏祥
张峰
王伟杰
鲍燕荣
郭路伟
李珅
赵华
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Technology Development Promotion Center Ministry Of Housing And Urban-Rural Development Of People's Republic Of China
Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/002—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings consisting of two or more layers, at least one of the layers permitting turfing of the roof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/002—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage comprising an initial buffer container
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
    • E03B2001/047—Greywater supply systems using rainwater
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems

Abstract

本发明涉及一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统。包括有雨水立管（1）、缓冲渠（2）、滤渠（3）和折流式绿色屋顶（5），雨水立管（1）接入缓冲渠（2）入口，缓冲渠（2）连接滤渠（3），滤渠（3）通过管渠（4）连接折流式绿色屋顶（5），折流式绿色屋顶（5）具有弯折水渠（6）和植被区（7），弯折水渠（6）未端设有泄流的出水口（8），植被区（7）位于弯折水渠（6）之外的空地。本发明具有如下的优点：1.能提高雨水出流水质，减小屋面雨水污染物负荷；2、延缓屋面雨水出流时间，减小暴雨产生城市内涝的频率。

Description

一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种雨水收集利用系统，具体涉及一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统。
背景技术
[0002] 当前我国大部分地区缺水，影响了居民日常生活。缺水一方面导致田地干旱，地下水位下降，人均用水量不足，另一方面因过度开挖地下水，破坏了当地的地下水、生态环境。每到雨季，很多地方雨洪泛滥，雨水资源得不到充分利用，同时，暴雨冲刷、溶解城市地面污染物进入河流，造成严重的河流污染。由此产生的问题是：一是缺水，二是雨水资源没有得到合理的处理和利用反而造成城市内涝、河流污染。以现有的低层房屋建筑为例，通常在屋顶周檐处设有雨水导槽，导槽的出口分别接有通向地面的用于雨水出口的落水管，通过落水管，雨水白白流掉，从而造成水资源的极大浪费。
[0003]发明内容
[0004] 本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种能收集利用高层建筑屋面雨水、减小城市内涝发生频率、改善雨水水质的裙楼雨水收集利用系统。
[0005] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过这样的技术方案实现的，它包括有雨水立管，缓冲渠、滤渠和折流式绿色屋顶，雨水立管接入缓冲渠入口，缓冲渠连接滤渠，滤渠通过管渠连接折流式绿色屋顶，折流式绿色屋顶具有弯折水渠和植被区，弯折水渠未端设有泄流的出水口，植被区位于弯折水渠之外的空地。
[0006] 上述折流式绿色屋顶的底部设有过滤层，过滤层从上至下为土壤层、小碎石层、卵石层、钢渣层和粗碎石层，其中卵石层安放有集水支管。
[0007] 主楼屋面雨水经雨水立管输送至缓冲渠，缓冲渠对雨水径流进行消能，滤渠对消能雨水径流进行初步拦截和过滤，通过管渠引流至折流式绿色屋顶，在折流式绿色屋顶进行植物过滤和渗透，这样，一部分下渗的雨水通过底部过滤层的集水支管汇集利用，另一部分弯折水渠未端经植物过滤的雨水由出水口泄流。
[0008] 主楼屋面雨水进折流式绿色屋顶，进行下渗过滤，雨水出流水质显著提高，能提供楼层的用水，避免雨水资源的浪费。雨水径流在折流式绿色屋的弯折水渠中流动，延缓屋面雨水出流时间，从而削减城市地面雨水洪峰流量，减小暴雨产生城市内涝的频率。本发明具有如下的优点：1.能提高雨水出流水质，减小屋面雨水污染物负荷；2、延缓屋面雨水出流时间，减小暴雨产生城市内涝的频率。
附图说明
[0009] 本发明的附图说明如下：
图I为本发明的平面结构示意图；
图2为图I中A-A剖视图；图3为图I中B-B剖视图。
[0010] 图中：1.雨水立管；2.缓冲渠；3.滤渠；4.管渠；5.折流式绿色屋顶；6.弯折水渠；7.植被区；8.出水口；9. 土埂；11. 土壤层；12.小碎石层；13.卵石层；14.钢渣层；15.粗碎石层；16.集水支管；；21.碎石缓冲带；31.细碎石；32.粗砂；33.细砂；34.钢渣；35.格栅和土工布。
具体实施方式
[0011] 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
如图I所示，本发明包括有雨水立管I、缓冲渠2、滤渠3和折流式绿色屋顶5，雨水立管I接入缓冲渠2入口，缓冲渠2连接滤渠3，滤渠3通过管渠4连接折流式绿色屋顶5，折流式绿色屋顶5具有弯折水渠6和植被区7，弯折水渠6未端设有泄流的出水口 8，植被区7位于弯折水渠6之外的空地。 [0012] 如图3所示，上述折流式绿色屋顶5的底部有过滤层，过滤层从上至下为土壤层
11、小碎石层12、卵石层13、钢渣层14和粗碎石层15，其中卵石层13安放有集水支管16。该底部过滤层能提高下渗雨水的水质。
[0013] 主楼屋面雨水经雨水立管I输送至缓冲渠2，缓冲渠2对雨水径流进行消能，滤渠3对消能雨水径流进行初步拦截和过滤，通过管渠4引流至折流式绿色屋顶5，在折流式绿色屋顶5进行植物过滤和渗透，这样，一部分下渗的雨水通过底部过滤层的集水支管16汇集利用，另一部分弯折水渠6未端经植物过滤的雨水由出水口 8泄流。
[0014] 如图I和图2所示，缓冲渠2内设置碎石缓冲带21，碎石缓冲带21顶部标高略低于缓冲渠顶部标高，靠近进水口的碎石缓冲带21为大体积石块，中间部分和出水端由级配配置不同的小块鹅卵石。碎石缓冲带21剖面为三角形，底部宽大顶部窄小。碎石缓冲带21用于减缓从主楼屋面沿雨水立管I排放出的雨水。
[0015] 滤渠3中从前至后依次填充有级配不同的滤水基质材料，滤水基质材料最外层及各种材料之间均用格栅和土工布隔开。如图I和图2所示，滤水基质材料依次有细碎石31、粗砂32、细砂33和钢渣34，材料最外层及各材料之间隔有格栅和土工布35。滤渠的作用是对消能雨水径流进行初步拦截和过滤。
[0016] 如图I和图3所示，折流式绿色屋顶5由裙楼绿色屋顶改造而成。弯折水渠6在平面上呈直角折弯或S型折弯，以延长雨水出流时间；弯折水渠6中设置有土埂9。土埂9的作用是每段弯折水渠6分割成对应的蓄水单元，雨水径流需要漫过土埂9，才能继续进入下一蓄水单元，土埂9高度低于渠堤高度，土埂9由一定级配的碎石组成，弯折水渠6底部水流的坡度为O. 3%。

Claims (5)

1. 一种裙楼雨水收集利用系统，其特征是：它包括有雨水立管（I)、缓冲渠（2)、滤渠(3)和折流式绿色屋顶（5)，雨水立管（I)接入缓冲渠（2)入口，缓冲渠（2)连接滤渠（3)，滤渠（3)通过管渠（4)连接折流式绿色屋顶（5)，折流式绿色屋顶（5)具有弯折水渠（6)和植被区（7)，弯折水渠（6)未端设有泄流的出水口（8)，植被区（7)位于弯折水渠（6)之外的空地。
2.根据权利要求I所述的裙楼雨水收集利用系统，其特征是：所述折流式绿色屋顶（5)底部设有过滤层，过滤层从上至下为土壤层（11 )、小碎石层（12)、卵石层（13)、钢渣层（14)和粗碎石层（15)，其中卵石层（13)安放有集水支管（16)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的裙楼雨水收集利用系统，其特征是：缓冲渠（2)内设置碎石缓冲带（21 )，碎石缓冲带（21)顶部标高略低于缓冲渠顶部标高，靠近进水口的碎石缓冲带(21)为大体积石块，中间部分和出水端由级配配置不同的小块鹅卵石。
4.根据权利要求3所述的裙楼雨水收集利用系统，其特征是：滤渠（3)中从前至后依次填充有不同的滤水基质材料，滤水基质材料最外层及各种材料之间均用格栅和土工布隔开。
5.根据权利要求4所述的裙楼雨水收集利用系统，其特征是：折流式绿色屋顶（5)的弯折水渠（6 )在平面上呈直角折弯或S型折弯，弯折水渠（6 )中设置有土埂（9 )。
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