CN102928069A - System and method for detecting vibration of high-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
System and method for detecting vibration of high-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting the vibration of a high-voltage circuit breaker. The system comprises vibrating sensors arranged at a plurality of positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a charge-voltage conversion module, a lowpass filtering module, a potential raising module, an isolation unit module, a singlechip, an upper computer, a current transformer, a lowpass filtering module and a trigger circuit module, wherein the charge-voltage conversion module, the lowpass filtering module, the potential raising module, the isolation unit module, the singlechip and the upper computer are connected with the vibrating sensors; a fracture signal detection module connected with the high-voltage circuit breaker is in communication connection with the singlechip and the upper computer through the isolation unit module sequentially; the current transformer, the lowpass filtering module and the trigger circuit module are sequentially connected with the high-voltage circuit breaker; and the trigger circuit module is sequentially connected with the singlechip and the upper computer through the isolation unit module. The detection method comprises the following steps of: arranging the vibrating sensors at a plurality of positions of the high-voltage circuit breaker, acquiring a vibration signal of a divide-shut brake, processing the vibration signal, and selecting a waveform which can reflect the motion process of the divide-shut brake of the high-voltage circuit breaker, so that the best mounting position of the vibrating sensors is determined so as to fulfill the aim of monitoring the high-voltage circuit breaker with 110kV and the voltage grade of more than 110kV on line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to isolating switch vibration detection technology field, be specifically related to a kind of primary cut-out vibration detecting system.
Background technology
The requirement of carrying out repair based on condition of component that power equipment is proposed according to State Grid's industry and the requirement that realizes intelligent grid, Real-Time Monitoring to power equipment running state has just become requisite work, and lot of domestic and international experts and scholars are being engaged in the work of this respect.According to the finding of CIGRE and Chinese DianKeYuan, mechanical fault accounts for the nearly 37% of switchgear fault, so switching devices is carried out mechanical fault detection and seemed very necessary.Point out in country's " high-tension apparatus intellectualized technology guide rule ": the high-voltage breaker operation mechanism mechanism characteristics detects and comprises divide-shut brake coil current waveform, branch wire time, stroke-time curve and vibration signal.Because vibration signal can carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the action of operating mechanism links, therefore the importance that vibrotechnique is practical becomes more and more important.
In the various on-line monitoring methods of primary cut-out running status, monitor to reflect the many merits that the method for switchgear running status has by vibrotechnique.Scholar both domestic and external and researchist have also done many research work to the vibration online monitoring technology.Compare with other state monitoring method, the advantage of vibration signal monitoring is:
1) includes abundant time domain and frequency domain information in the vibration signal, can in whole time series and spectral range, reflect machine performance in the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off process.By Digital Signal Processing, can extract a large amount of status informations.And along with the development of Digital Signal Processing, can from vibration signal, extract the characteristic parameter of increasing representative primary cut-out running status.
2) can measure at the grounded part of primary cut-out, belong to a kind of method of indirect measurement, avoid the problem of the aspects such as high-voltage isolating and signals collecting difficulty of problem in the direct measuring method.
3) the vibration signal monitoring method is the measuring method of non-intrusion type, does not change the inner structure of primary cut-out, does not affect the normal operation of equipment.
4) it is less that the vibration signal detection method is subjected to the impact of external electromagnetic interference, and antijamming capability is strong.
5) vibration transducer has the advantages such as size is little, lightweight, easy for installation, reliable operation, so that the vibration signal monitoring method implements than being easier to, is well suited for the occasion for online detection and outdoor provisional detection etc.
For the spring device primary cut-out, traditional method of utilizing the established angle displacement transducer to measure the primary cut-out machine performance can't reflect acting characteristic and the corresponding time relationship of each operating mechanism, gear train in the course of action, can't accurately realize judgement, prediction and the location of mechanical fault.
At present, the domestic research work that has part unit and research institution also to have to carry out the primary cut-out vibration, but all concentrate on the judgement aspect of three-phase synchronism, and be applicable to middle pressure field or off-line monitoring more.For example Chinese patent application number is 200410026262.1, name is called the patent of " based on the online test method of the vacuum high-pressure contact of breaker on-off time of vibration analysis ", the vibration signal that the contact collision produces when utilizing primary cut-out to close a floodgate is realized contact closing detection constantly, the method is applicable to the vacuum high-pressure isolating switch of middle pressure grade, and this invention has only detected vibration signal, the detection parameter is less, is not suitable for the high pressure primary cut-out of 110kV and above.This contrive equipment need manually carry out the data acquisition storage, and is non intelligent, can't realize the target of automatic diagnosis fault.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical matters that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, order of the present invention is to provide a kind of primary cut-out vibration detecting system, with the convenient purpose that realizes the primary cut-out on-line monitoring of 110kV and above.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of primary cut-out vibration detecting system, it is characterized in that: comprise being installed in a plurality of locational vibration transducers of primary cut-out, be connected the electric charge-voltage transformation module that communicates connection with vibration transducer, low-pass filtering module, current potential is raised module, the isolated location module, single-chip microcomputer and host computer, the fracture transposition signal detection module that is connected connection with primary cut-out also communicates successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and is connected, also comprise and be connected the current transformer that communicates connection with primary cut-out, low-pass filtering module, trigger circuit module, trigger circuit module also communicate successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and are connected.
Described vibration transducer is electric charge output type piezoelectric acceleration vibration transducer, and its frequency range is 0 ~ 15kHz.
The cutoff frequency of described low-pass filtering module is 15kHz.
The detection method of above-mentioned primary cut-out vibration detecting system comprises the steps:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed in a plurality of positions on primary cut-out, gathers the divide-shut brake vibration signal of primary cut-out diverse location by vibration transducer, and this divide-shut brake vibration signal is charge signal;
Step 2: the charge signal that electric charge-voltage transformation module is exported vibration transducer converts voltage signal to and amplifies accordingly as required;
Step 3: the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the voltage signal after low-pass filtering module will amplify, voltage signal after removing is after filtration raised module through overpotential and is converted into positive voltage signal, simultaneously fracture transposition signal detection module extracts high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal, current transformer gathers the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off current signal, then by low-pass filtering module with the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the divide-shut brake current signal, the divide-shut brake current signal after removing after filtration is trigger pip by the trigger circuit module converts;
Step 4: the described positive voltage signal of step 3, high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal and trigger pip enter single-chip microcomputer by the isolated location module, communicate by letter with host computer by the mode of bus at last, finish the transmission course of whole vibration signal;
Step 5: the operator compares the waveform of the divide-shut brake vibration signal of the diverse location of host computer demonstration, pick out the waveform that can reflect the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off course of action, thereby determine the vibration transducer best position, the Data Source that the divide-shut brake vibration signal that the vibration transducer of installing on this best position gathers is processed as follow-up signal;
Described vibration transducer adopts the magnet base mounting means to be installed on the primary cut-out described magnet base magnetic〉6T.
The described high-frequency interferencing signal of step 3 refers to that frequency is the above undesired signal of 15kHz.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, diagnostic system of the present invention and diagnostic method are applicable to the primary cut-out of 110kV and above;
2, because vibration detecting system of the present invention is provided with single-chip microcomputer and host computer, therefore can automatically gather the divide-shut brake vibration signal, realize the target of intellectual monitoring;
3, vibration detecting system of the present invention can detect Multi-channel Vibration Signals simultaneously, and can extract auxiliary fracture information;
4, the current transformer collection gathers the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off current signal, by low-pass filtering module and trigger circuit triggers module the divide-shut brake current signal is converted to trigger pip, makes single-chip microcomputer can accurately and timely collect the divide-shut brake vibration signal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is detection system of the present invention and vibration signal circulation block diagram.
Fig. 2 electric charge-voltage transformation module circuit theory diagrams.
Fig. 3 is the low-pass filtering module circuit theory diagrams.
Fig. 4 is that current potential is raised the modular circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is isolated location modular circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the trigger circuit module.
Fig. 7 is fracture signal detection module circuit.
Fig. 8 is installation of sensors position view in the 800kV primary cut-out.
Fig. 9 is installation of sensors position view in the 126kV primary cut-out.
Figure 10 is the spectrum analysis figure of the vibration signal of certain model 126kV primary cut-out collection.
Figure 11 installs time domain and the frequency domain figure that 3 kinds of magnet bases record vibration signal at the 800kV isolating switch; Wherein: Figure 11 a is 3T magnet base time domain waveform figure, Figure 11 b is 3T magnet base frequency-domain waveform figure, and Figure 11 c is 6T magnet base time domain waveform figure, and Figure 11 d is 6T magnet base frequency-domain waveform figure, Figure 11 e is 18T magnet base time domain waveform figure, and Figure 11 f is 18T magnet base frequency-domain waveform figure.
Figure 12 is the contact separating brake vibration signal figure that PCB company device collects.
Figure 13 is contact separating brake vibration signal and the fracture transposition signal graph that apparatus of the present invention collect.
Figure 14 is the contact combined floodgate vibration signal figure that PCB company device collects.
Figure 15 is contact combined floodgate vibration signal and the fracture transposition signal graph that apparatus of the present invention collect.
Figure 16 is the combined floodgate vibration signal figure that the 126kV primary cut-out gathers.
Figure 17 is the separating brake vibration signal figure that the 126kV primary cut-out gathers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of primary cut-out vibration detecting system of the present invention, comprise and be installed in a plurality of locational vibration transducers of primary cut-out, be connected the electric charge-voltage transformation module that communicates connection with vibration transducer, low-pass filtering module, current potential is raised module, the isolated location module, single-chip microcomputer and host computer, the fracture transposition signal detection module that is connected connection with primary cut-out also communicates successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and is connected, also comprise and be connected the current transformer that communicates connection with primary cut-out, low-pass filtering module, trigger circuit module, trigger circuit module also communicate successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and are connected.Isolation on the isolated location module is electric with the realization of front and back two parts circuit has prevented interfering with each other between two parts circuit, has strengthened the antijamming capability of circuit itself.
Preferably, described vibration transducer is electric charge output type piezoelectric acceleration vibration transducer, and vibration frequency is below the 15kHz.
Preferably, the cutoff frequency of described low-pass filtering module is 15kHz.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as electric charge-voltage transformation module circuit theory diagrams, feedback capacity C7 and feedback capacity C24 all are connected between 2 pins and 6 pins of AD549, select as required to access the feedback capacity of which resistance by two-way switch SW, feedback capacity C7 selects different capacitances with feedback capacity C24, to realize the adjusting to its output voltage range, feedback resistance R20 also is connected between 2 pins and 6 pins of AD549, after capacitor C 73 and resistance R 41 parallel connections, one end ground connection, 3 pins of the other end and AD549 join, at 1 pin and the indirect slide rheostat VR7 of 5 pins of AD549,4 pins of AD549 and 7 pins join with positive and negative 12V power supply respectively.The charge signal VIBIN1 of vibration transducer output can be transformed to the voltage signal VIBOUT11 of required voltage scope after by this circuit.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the low-pass filtering module circuit theory diagrams, resistance R 33 is connected with resistance R 34 afterwards and 3 pins of OP27 join, pass through capacitor C 70 ground connection between resistance R 33 and the resistance R 34,3 pins and 6 pins of OP27 join by capacitor C A1,2 pins with are connected pin and directly connect, 4 pins and 7 pins join with positive and negative 12V power supply respectively.Resistance R 33, capacitor C 70, resistance R 34 and capacitor C A1 have consisted of the second order active low-pass filter, and the function of this circuit is the high-frequency interferencing signal among the filtered signal VIBOUT11, obtain signal VIBOUT2.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as current potential and raise the modular circuit schematic diagram, signal VIBOUT2 joins through 2 pins of potentiometer VR4 and OP27 after the filtering, and 3 pins of OP27 are by resistance R 25 ground connection; 2 pins and 6 pin indirect resistance R23, potentiometer VR1 one end joins with-12V power supply, and the other end joins by 2 pin of resistance R 24 with OP27 simultaneously by resistance R 15 ground connection; Positive and negative 12V power supply joins with 7 pins and 4 pins of OP27 respectively.This module realizes raising potential value by regulating VR1, realizes the adjusting of enlargement factor by regulating VR4.Signal VIBOUT2 obtains VIBOUT3 after this resume module, the VIBOUT3 signal all become on the occasion of, make things convenient for the single-chip microcomputer collection.
Be illustrated in figure 5 as isolated location modular circuit schematic diagram, 15 pins of input signal VIBOUT3 and isolating chip ISO124 join, positive and negative 12V power supply joins with 1 pin and 2 pins of isolating chip ISO124 respectively before the isolation, power supply ground before 16 pins of isolating chip ISO124 and the isolation joins, the indirect electric capacity C53 of 2 pins of isolating chip ISO124 and 16 pins, the indirect electric capacity C56 of 1 pin and 16 pins, positive and negative 12V joins with 9 pins and 10 pins of isolating chip ISO124 respectively after the isolation; Power supply ground after 9 pins of isolating chip ISO124 and the isolation joins, and the vibration signal after the isolation joins by the AD mouth of 7 pin and single-chip microcomputer, realizes the sampling processing of vibration signal.
Be illustrated in figure 6 as the trigger circuit module, the trigger circuit module mainly provides the single-chip microcomputer trigger pip, comparer adopts LM339,6 pins of comparer LM339 both joined with potentiometer VR10, again by joining by resistance R 48 and 1 pin, the divide-shut brake coil current signal of current transformer collection obtains signal COMP1 after low-pass filtering, signal COMP1 is connected on 7 pins of comparer LM339; That optical coupling isolator adopts is TLP521,1 pin and 2 pins of optical coupling isolator TLP521 connect the isolation front signal, wherein 1 pin joins by 1 pin of resistance R 44 with LM339, positive 12V power supply joined before resistance R 44 connect isolation by resistance R 39, power supply ground before 2 pins connect and isolate, signal joins after 3 pins of optical coupling isolator TLP521 and 4 pins and the isolation, and 3 pins join by resistance R 58 and the rear power supply ground of isolation, and join with single-chip processor i/o simultaneously, 4 pins connect the rear positive 5V power supply of isolation.
Be illustrated in figure 7 as fracture signal detection module circuit.1,2 mouthful of connector J1 is connected on the two ends of the auxiliary fracture of primary cut-out, and 2 mouthfuls join with+12V power supply simultaneously, and 1 mouthful joins with ground by R19.1 mouthful of 1 pin of light-coupled isolation chip U21 and J1 joins, and 2 pin join with ground by R32, and 3 pin join with isolation afterwards by R18, deliver to simultaneously the middle fracture DK of single-chip microcomputer, and 4 pin and 5V power supply join.When the primary cut-out separating brake, not conducting of isolating chip U21, the DK level is " 0 "; When primary cut-out closes a floodgate, the optocoupler conducting, the DK level is " 1 ".Just change by level and can judge the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off situation.
A kind of primary cut-out method for detecting vibration of the present invention comprises the steps:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed in a plurality of positions on primary cut-out, gathers the divide-shut brake vibration signal of primary cut-out diverse location by vibration transducer, and this divide-shut brake vibration signal is charge signal;
Step 2: the charge signal that electric charge-voltage transformation module is exported vibration transducer converts voltage signal to and amplifies accordingly as required;
Step 3: the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the voltage signal after low-pass filtering module will amplify, voltage signal after removing is after filtration raised module through overpotential and is converted into positive voltage signal, simultaneously fracture transposition signal detection module extracts high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal, current transformer gathers the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off current signal, then by low-pass filtering module with the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the divide-shut brake current signal, the divide-shut brake current signal after removing after filtration is trigger pip by the trigger circuit module converts;
Step 4: the described positive voltage signal of step 3, high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal and trigger pip enter single-chip microcomputer by the isolated location module, communicate by letter with host computer by the mode of bus at last, finish the transmission course of whole vibration signal;
Step 5: the operator compares the waveform of the divide-shut brake vibration signal of the diverse location of host computer demonstration, pick out the waveform that can reflect the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off course of action, thereby determine the vibration transducer best position, the Data Source that the divide-shut brake vibration signal that the vibration transducer of installing on this best position gathers is processed as follow-up signal;
Preferably, described vibration transducer adopts the magnet base mounting means to be installed on the primary cut-out, and is preferred, described magnet base magnetic〉6T.
The described high-frequency interferencing signal of step 3 refers to that frequency is the above undesired signal of 15kHz.
For the selection of installation site, the present invention respectively such as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, has marked the test installation site of 7 sensors take 800kV primary cut-out and 126kV isolating switch as example among Fig. 8.By above-mentioned method for detecting vibration, obtain the station acquisition of diagram installation site 1 to vibration signal can reflect accurately the closing moment of primary cut-out, the station acquisition of diagram installation site 7 to vibration signal can reflect accurately primary cut-out separating brake constantly.2 places, position obtain among Fig. 9 separating brake, combined floodgate vibration signal effect are best.
Because primary cut-out adopts ferrous material to make in a large number, therefore the vibration transducer mounting means can consider to adopt the mode that installs magnet base additional.Can find out from Figure 10 and Figure 11, the frequency range of vibration signal in 10kHz, meets the frequency range that the magnet base mounting means can effectively gather substantially.Comprehensive above-mentioned 2 points, the installation of sensors mode is selected the magnet base mounting means.
Because the mounting means of Fig. 8 and two kinds of primary cut-outs of Fig. 9 all need be selected suitable magnet base, Figure 11 carries out the FFT transform analysis to the vibration signal of the magnet base collection of 3 kinds of different models (design parameter sees Table 1).From its frequency spectrum, can find out, the frequency distribution that 3 kinds of magnet bases record signal is basically identical when 0 ~ 5kHz, and when frequency f＞5kHz, magnetic is that the partial-band of the vibration signal that records of the magnet base of 3T does not present, and magnetic be the magnet base of 6T and 18T can be complete the whole frequency band with vibration signal show.Consider quality and price factor, recommendation magnet base magnetic of the present invention〉6T.
Table 1 magnet base magnetic parameter
Embodiment
In order to verify the accuracy of vibration signal that this method gathers, vibration signal pick-up unit and the system of the present invention of U.S. PCB company compared, the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off vibration signal is measured at position 1 and 7 places, position that acceleration transducer is installed in Fig. 8.PCB company product comprises ICP acceleration transducer and signal conditioning circuit that model is 482A22 that a model is M353B18.The signal that gathers when the signal that Figure 12 and Figure 13 gather when being separating brake, Figure 14 and Figure 15 are combined floodgate.By finding out the comparing result of two kinds of device collection signals, the vibration signal of using the present invention's collection disturbs little, simultaneously the present invention can measure primary cut-out fracture transposition signal, convenient analysis to vibration signal, and this is that PCB company vibration acquisition device is not available.
The 126kV primary cut-out is used the inventive method test vibration signal, and the magnet base model is ULT4412.Vibration transducer is installed in position 2, sees Fig. 9.Primary cut-out is carried out breaking-closing operating, obtain respectively the combined floodgate vibration signal of Figure 16 and the separating brake vibration signal of Figure 17, Figure 16 and the measured vibration signal of Figure 17 are carried out feature extraction, corresponding course of action is respectively shown in table 2 and table 3.From wherein finding out the vibration signal that adopts content of the present invention can accurately extract the divide-shut brake of primary cut-out, processing for the post-digital signal provides reliable assurance.
The corresponding mechanism kinematic of table 2 126kV primary cut-out feed motion vibration signal
The corresponding mechanism kinematic of table 3 126kV primary cut-out separating brake action vibration signal
Claims (6)
1. primary cut-out vibration detecting system, it is characterized in that: comprise being installed in a plurality of locational vibration transducers of primary cut-out, be connected the electric charge-voltage transformation module that communicates connection with vibration transducer, low-pass filtering module, current potential is raised module, the isolated location module, single-chip microcomputer and host computer, the fracture transposition signal detection module that is connected connection with primary cut-out also communicates successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and is connected, also comprise and be connected the current transformer that communicates connection with primary cut-out, low-pass filtering module, trigger circuit module, trigger circuit module also communicate successively with described single-chip microcomputer and host computer by described isolated location module and are connected.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vibration transducer is electric charge output type piezoelectric acceleration vibration transducer, and its frequency range is 0 ~ 15kHz.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cutoff frequency of described low-pass filtering module is 15kHz.
4. the detection method of the described primary cut-out vibration detecting system of claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: vibration transducer is installed in a plurality of positions on primary cut-out, gathers the divide-shut brake vibration signal of primary cut-out diverse location by vibration transducer, and this divide-shut brake vibration signal is charge signal;
Step 2: the charge signal that electric charge-voltage transformation module is exported vibration transducer converts voltage signal to and amplifies accordingly as required;
Step 3: the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the voltage signal after low-pass filtering module will amplify, voltage signal after removing is after filtration raised module through overpotential and is converted into positive voltage signal, simultaneously fracture transposition signal detection module extracts high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal, current transformer gathers the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off current signal, then by low-pass filtering module with the high-frequency interferencing signal filtering in the divide-shut brake current signal, the divide-shut brake current signal after removing after filtration is trigger pip by the trigger circuit module converts;
Step 4: the described positive voltage signal of step 3, high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off fracture signal and trigger pip enter single-chip microcomputer by the isolated location module, communicate by letter with host computer by the mode of bus at last, finish the transmission course of whole vibration signal;
Step 5: the operator compares the waveform of the divide-shut brake vibration signal of the diverse location of host computer demonstration, pick out the waveform that can reflect the high-voltage circuit-breaker switching on-off course of action, thereby determine the vibration transducer best position, the Data Source that the divide-shut brake vibration signal that the vibration transducer of installing on this best position gathers is processed as follow-up signal.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described vibration transducer adopts the magnet base mounting means to be installed on the primary cut-out described magnet base magnetic〉6T.
6. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the described high-frequency interferencing signal of step 3 refers to that frequency is the above undesired signal of 15kHz.
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