CN102920001A - Flue-cured tobacco different-maturity-level tobacco leaf same-furnace modulation technology - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco different-maturity-level tobacco leaf same-furnace modulation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flue-cured tobacco different-maturity-level tobacco leaf same-furnace modulation technology. A low-temperature, low-humidity, and 'dual-low modulation' method is adopted, dry and wet bulb temperatures of the high temperature layer and the lower temperature layer in a baking room are improved step by step in five steps for modulation, and the aim that 'yellow smoke follows by green smoke, the green smoke changes yellow rapidly, the yellow smoke does not change yellow excessively and is modulated to be yellow in the whole furnace' is achieved. According to the invention, a flue-cured modulation technology which corresponds to tobacco leaf curing physiology and biochemistry principle is researched and formulated, overcomes or reduces much 'dull smoke' or 'green smoke', is suitable for flue-cured tobacco different-maturity-level tobacco leaf same-furnace modulation, and is the innovation and development of the low-temperature slow yellow change and low-humidity slow leaf drying curing principle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf with the stove modulation process, belong to flue-cured tobacco modulation technique field.
Background technology
The flue-cured tobacco maturation is gathered, usually require to accomplish " three together ", that is: " same kind, same position, same maturity ", require in theory the ripe consistent tobacco leaf of gathering, in the actual mechanical process, owing to reasons such as human error, operate miss, cigarette strain disease and pests, the tobacco leaf of gathering exists underdone, first ripe, proper mature (ripe), overdone four kinds of differing maturity class usually.Only fill the tobacco leaf of roasting a kind of maturity class in the same stove barn, rarely found in the production practices, majority is the tobacco leaf of in-built roasting 2～3 kinds of maturity class of same stove barn.
If land for growing field crops cigarette strain growth neat and consistent, it is conscientious that the tobacco grower adopts cigarette, and the tobacco leaf kind of the in-built roasting differing maturity class of same stove barn is just few; If land for growing field crops cigarette strain growth is uneven, it is half-hearted that the tobacco grower adopts cigarette, and the tobacco leaf kind of the in-built roasting differing maturity class of same stove barn is just many.In the flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf modulated process, flavescence, rate of drying are inconsistent, yield to yellow tobacco leaf, and the cyan tobacco leaf is roasting blue or green; Yield to the cyan tobacco leaf, yellow tobacco leaf is roasting withered, is difficult to coordinate.The flue-cured tobacco syllogic tobacco leaf modulation process that China carries out, simple coarse can not solve flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf with stove modulation process problem; In the existing external modulation process, such as Brazilian modulation process, Zimbabwe's modulation process, U.S.'s modulation process, Japanese modulation process etc., all can not solve flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf with stove modulation process problem.How the tobacco leaf of the in-built roasting differing maturity class of same stove barn being modulated, is domestic and international modulation technique personnel's common difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf with the stove modulation process, with the key issue that exists in the tobacco leaf modulated process that solves existing differing maturity class.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a kind of flue-cured tobacco differing maturity of the present invention class tobacco leaf is with the stove modulation process, and the step of described step process is as follows:
1. after on fire, programming rate with average 2 ℃/h, in 7.0～10.0h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is risen 34.0～35.0 ℃ from natural temperature, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 31.0～32.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%, the cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing;
2. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 38.0～39.0 ℃ from 35.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 33.0～34.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%;
3. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42.0～44.0 ℃ from 39.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 34.0～35.0 ℃, modulating time 8.0～12.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%;
4. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51.0～53.0 ℃ from 44.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 36.0～37.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%;
5. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68.0～70.0 ℃ from 53.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 40.0～41.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, full stove drying tobacco.
Concrete technology of the present invention sees Table 1.
Table 1: flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf is with the stove modulation process
A kind of flue-cured tobacco differing maturity of the present invention class tobacco leaf is improvement and the innovation on existing technique basis with the stove modulation process, and its improvement innovative point is:
(1) in the flue-cured tobacco modulated process, 34.0～35.0 ℃ of dry-bulb temperatures, 31.0～32.0 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%; The cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing.
(2) in the flue-cured tobacco modulated process, 38.0～39.0 ℃ of dry-bulb temperatures, 33.0～34.0 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%.
(3) in the flue-cured tobacco modulated process, 42.0～44.0 ℃ of dry-bulb temperatures, 34.0～35.0 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%.
(4) in the flue-cured tobacco modulated process, 51.0～53.0 ℃ of dry-bulb temperatures, 36.0～37.0 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, heat zone tobacco leaf drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%.
(5) in the flue-cured tobacco modulated process, 68.0～70.0 ℃ of dry-bulb temperatures, 40.0～41.0 ℃ of wet-bulb temperature, full stove drying tobacco.
Scientific basis of the present invention is: underdone tobacco leaf, first ripe tobacco leaf, to organize closelyr, and hydrophilic colloid is more, and the irreducible water relative amount is higher, and the Free water relative amount is lower, and in the tobacco leaf modulated process, dehydration is difficulty comparatively; Simultaneously, underdone tobacco leaf, first ripe tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf chlorophyll concentration is higher, and tobacco leaf flavescence process is longer.Proper mature (ripe) tobacco leaf, overdone tobacco leaf are organized more loosely, and hydrophilic colloid is less, and the irreducible water relative amount is lower, and the Free water relative amount is higher, and in the tobacco leaf modulated process, dehydration is comparatively easy; Simultaneously, proper mature (ripe) tobacco leaf, overdone tobacco leaf, the tobacco leaf chlorophyll concentration is lower, and tobacco leaf flavescence process is shorter.This tobacco leaf of two types, if adopt wet technique modulation in wet technique, middle temperature high humidity technique, the high temperature in hot and humid technique, the middle temperature, maturity is tobacco leaf preferably, very fast flavescence, then blackening; The tobacco leaf that maturity is relatively poor, slowly flavescence, roasting blue or green easily; Cannot realize that the two takes into account.The present invention adopts low temperature and low humidity technique modulation, and the tobacco leaf that maturity is relatively poor is organized closelyr, and hydrophilic colloid is more, and moisture holding capacity is stronger, and under " low temperature, low humidity " condition, excessive desiccation does not produce blue or green cigarette; Maturity is tobacco leaf preferably, tissue looseness, hydrophilic colloid is less, moisture holding capacity a little less than, under the condition of " low temperature, low humidity ", progressively dehydration, flavescence, drying can not produce black poor tobacco leaf; Like this, " the blue or green cigarette such as tobacco, the fast flavescence of blue or green cigarette; the tobacco flavescence is inexcessive; the stove Huang is helped in modulation ", the present invention has studied and defined the flue-cured tobacco modulation process that meets above-mentioned tobacco flue-curing Physiology and biochemistry rule, is innovation and the development of the slow flavescence of low temperature, low humidity slow curing leaf baking principle.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention has disclosed the impact of low temperature and low humidity Temperature Humidity Combinations on differing maturity class tobacco leaf, flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf is modulated with stove, truly, effectively, can overcome or reduce more " withered cigarette " or " blue or green cigarette ", significantly improve the tobacco leaf modulation quality; Be applicable to the flue-cured tobacco modulation of different ecological environment.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of flue-cured tobacco differing maturity of the present invention class tobacco leaf is with the stove modulation process, and the step of described technique is as follows:
1. after on fire, programming rate with average 2 ℃/h, in 7.0～10.0h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is risen 34.0～35.0 ℃ from natural temperature, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 31.0～32.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%, the cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing;
2. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 38.0～39.0 ℃ from 35.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 33.0～34.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%;
3. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42.0～44.0 ℃ from 39.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 34.0～35.0 ℃, modulating time 8.0～12.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%;
4. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51.0～53.0 ℃ from 44.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 36.0～37.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%;
5. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68.0～70.0 ℃ from 53.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 40.0～41.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, full stove drying tobacco.
Device therefor of the present invention is conventional air-flow ascending manner or airflow descending type compression intensive baking room, and wherein: heat zone in air-flow ascending manner intensive baking room, refers to the base frame of barn; In airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn, refer to the top platform of barn; Cryosphere in air-flow ascending manner intensive baking room, refers to the top platform of barn; In airflow descending type compression flue-curing barn, refer to the base frame of barn.
Embodiment 1: flue-cured tobacco middle and lower part differing maturity class tobacco leaf is verified with the stove modulation process
Task: adopt the low temperature and low humidity modulation process, accomplish " the tobacco flavescence is inexcessive for the blue or green cigarette such as tobacco, the fast flavescence of blue or green cigarette, and the stove Huang is helped in modulation ";
Technology path: the slow flavescence of low temperature, low humidity slow curing leaf;
Key problem in technology: low temperature, low humidity, " two low modulation ";
Concrete operations:
(1) after on fire, with the programming rate of average 2 ℃/h, in 7.0～10.0h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 34.0～35.0 ℃ from natural temperature, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 31.0～32.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%; The cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing.Burn little fire, make a fire and want " little and bear ";
(2) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 38.0～39.0 ℃ from 35.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 33.0～34.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%.Burn little fire, make a fire and want " little and bear ";
(3) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42.0～44.0 ℃ from 39.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 34.0～35.0 ℃, modulating time 8.0～12.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%.Burn till moderate heat, steadily hydrofuge;
(4) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51.0～53.0 ℃ from 44.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 36.0～37.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone blade drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%; Burn till big fire, steady temperature, constant, a large amount of hydrofuges;
(5) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68.0～70.0 ℃ from 53.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 40.0～41.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: full stove drying tobacco.Burn till moderate heat, steady temperature, constant, a small amount of hydrofuge.
Modulation result: tobacco leaf color is golden yellow, orange, and color and luster is stronger, does not have " withered cigarette ", " blue or green cigarette " to occur; Better-than-average cigarette ratio 95%～98%; The expert is to the smoking result of tobacco leaf: fragrance matter is purer, perfume quantity is more sufficient, and the quality of totally smokeing panel test is better than conventional modulated technique.
Embodiment 2: flue-cured tobacco top differing maturity class tobacco leaf is verified with the stove modulation process
Task: adopt the low temperature and low humidity modulation process, accomplish " the tobacco flavescence is inexcessive for the blue or green cigarette such as tobacco, the fast flavescence of blue or green cigarette, and the stove Huang is helped in modulation ";
Technology path: the slow flavescence of low temperature, low humidity slow curing leaf;
Key problem in technology: low temperature, low humidity, " two low modulation ";
Concrete operations:
(1) after on fire, with the programming rate of average 2 ℃/h, in 7.0～10.0h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 34.0～35.0 ℃ from natural temperature, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 31.0～32.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～35%; The cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing.Burn little fire, make a fire and want " little and bear ";
(2) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 38.0～39.0 ℃ from 35.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 33.0～34.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%.Burn little fire, make a fire and want " little and bear ";
(3) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42.0～44.0 ℃ from 39.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 34.0～35.0 ℃, modulating time 8.0～12.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%; Cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～85%.Burn till moderate heat, steadily hydrofuge;
(4) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51.0～53.0 ℃ from 44.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 36.0～37.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: heat zone blade drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%.Burn till big fire, steady temperature, constant, a large amount of hydrofuges;
(5) with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68.0～70.0 ℃ from 53.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 40.0～41.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h.Tobacco leaf variation targets: full stove drying tobacco.Burn till moderate heat, steady temperature, constant, a small amount of hydrofuge.
Modulation result: tobacco leaf color is golden yellow, orange, and color and luster is stronger, does not have " withered cigarette ", " blue or green cigarette " to occur; Better-than-average cigarette ratio 87%～90%; The expert is to the smoking result of tobacco leaf: fragrance matter is purer, perfume quantity is more sufficient, and the quality of totally smokeing panel test is better than conventional modulated technique.
Claims (1)
1. a flue-cured tobacco differing maturity class tobacco leaf is characterized in that with the stove modulation process step of described technique is as follows:
1. after on fire, programming rate with average 2 ℃/h, in 7.0～10.0h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is risen 34.0～35.0 ℃ from natural temperature, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 31.0～32.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%, the cryosphere tobacco leaf is heated, dehydration, deliquescing;
2. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 38.0～39.0 ℃ from 35.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 33.0～34.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 30%～40%;
3. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 42.0～44.0 ℃ from 39.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 34.0～35.0 ℃, modulating time 8.0～12.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf flavescence 95%～100%, blade drying 10%～20%, cryosphere tobacco leaf flavescence 80%～90%;
4. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 51.0～53.0 ℃ from 44.0 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 36.0～37.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, heat zone tobacco leaf drying 50%～60%, cryosphere tobacco leaf drying 10%～20%;
5. with the programming rate of average 1 ℃/h, heat zone dry-bulb temperature is raised to 68.0～70.0 ℃ from 53.0 ℃, wet-bulb temperature is adjusted at 40.0～41.0 ℃, modulating time 24.0～36.0h, full stove drying tobacco.
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| CN107280061A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-24 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco accelerating baking process |
| CN113208145A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Classified tobacco loading and baking method for improving quality of flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN104161298B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-08-19 | 江西省烟草公司吉安市公司 | A kind of tobacco classification baking process |
| CN107280061A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-24 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco accelerating baking process |
| CN113208145A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Classified tobacco loading and baking method for improving quality of flue-cured tobacco |
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| CN102920001B (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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