CN102919193A - Soft-shelled turtle hatching method and special incubator - Google Patents
Soft-shelled turtle hatching method and special incubator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soft-shelled turtle hatching method, which comprises the following steps of: (1) stacking fertilized soft-shelled turtle eggs layer by layer on the surface of a sand layer of a hatching tray in an incubator, wherein the thickness of the sand layer is 2 to 3 centimeters, and the water content of the sand layer is 7 to 8 percent; (2) covering a sand layer with the thickness of 2 to 3 centimeters and the water content of 7 to 8 percent on the soft-shelled turtle eggs; and (3) after the steps (1) and (2) are finished, regulating the temperature in the incubator to be 33 to 34 DEG C, keeping the relative humidity of air at 85 to 88 percent, ventilating for 1 to 2 hours at noon of every day in the hatching process, and finishing hatching of the soft-shelled turtle eggs after 43 to 45 days. The hatching method is simple and feasible; the special incubator is scientific and reasonable in design and convenient to operate; and manpower is greatly saved, the hatching cost is reduced, the survival rate of soft-shelled turtle fries is improved, and economic benefits of an enterprise are increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding soft-shell turtle field, especially a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m and special-purpose incubator box thereof.
Background technology
Soft-shelled turtle is called again " soft-shelled turtle ", because its meat flavour is delicious, nutritious, protein content is high, is not only one cuisines on the dining table, also is a kind of famous and precious invigorant.Moreover, the various piece of soft-shelled turtle all can be used as medicine, have nourishing Yin and clearing heat, open liver benefit and, the functions such as the broken soft heavily fortified point of knot and silts that disappear, the blood of soft-shelled turtle also has the anemia for the treatment of, tuberculosis, cardiopathy, asthma and neurasthenic effect, more aobvious its preciousness.
In the breeding soft-shell turtle process, hatching is very crucial step, and hatching process not only affects the survival rate of seedling, but also is related to system and the figure of seedling, directly affects soft-shelled turtle growing from now on.At present, hatching m commonly used may further comprise the steps: 1. the soft-shelled turtle egg is placed in the sand bed, after a period of time, chooses the soft-shelled turtle ovum of fertilization; 2. the fertilization soft-shelled turtle ovum that will choose is put into incubator box and is hatched under uniform temperature, humidity, ventilation condition; 3. the little soft-shelled turtle of collecting hatching has namely been finished the hatching of soft-shelled turtle ovum.
In the incubator box in hatching process, be placed with a plurality of hatching tray on the support of frame-type, be placed with one deck sand in each hatching tray, the soft-shelled turtle egg is embedded in the sand bed, finish the hatching of soft-shelled turtle egg by the control parameters, these incubator boxs are simple in structure, be subject to the external environment impact, every control parameter is by manually detecting and adjusting, therefore be difficult to the temperature with the soft-shelled turtle hatching, humidity is controlled at perfect condition, cause incubation cycle longer, the hatching survival rate is lower, and the sand in the incubator box contains more bacterium and virus, even the hatching of soft-shelled turtle egg out also can be infected, very easily dead, it is 50～60% only that above-mentioned two reasons cause soft-shelled turtle hatching survival rate, causes raiser's economic loss.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m that can effectively reduce sand bed bacterium and virus and Effective Raise soft-shelled turtle hatching survival rate in the hatching is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg of will being fertilized divides the sand bed surface of laminated multi-layer hatching tray in incubator box, and the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8%;
(2) covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(3) after completing steps (1) and (2), temperature in the incubator box is adjusted into 33～34 ℃, the relative moisture of air remains on 85～88%, and ventilated 1～2 hour noon every day in hatching process, hatches the hatching of finishing the soft-shelled turtle egg after 43～45 days;
Described sand bed passes through first following processing:
(1) grains of sand is cleaned 2～3 times with clear water, place and made its drying in 6～8 hours;
(2) grains of sand after will cleaning and 0.001% potassium permanganate solution mix and fully stirred 20～30 minutes by weight 100: 1～2;
(3) grains of sand after will fully stirring are placed and were tanned by the sun in the sun 4～8 hours, have both obtained hatching the sand bed of usefulness after the drying.
And, before choosing, described fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg comprises following processing:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg is taken out from the pond of laying eggs, then be placed on the sand bed surface of hatching tray in the incubator box, the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and water content is 7%～8%, and covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(2) under 30～32 ℃ condition, place the processing of finishing after 48～72 hours before fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg is chosen.
And the particle diameter of sand is 0.6～0.7mm in the described sand bed.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of special-purpose incubator of realizing the soft-shelled turtle hatching m, it is characterized in that: comprise casing, heater, frame bracket, hatching tray and electric cabinet, frame bracket is installed in the casing, mounting heater on the cabinet wall of frame bracket both sides, at frame bracket the multiple row hatching tray is set, on the frame bracket of each hatching tray top shower is installed all, a plurality of showers connect the water source by spray header, be filled with sand bed in each hatching tray, all be embedded with humidity sensor in the sand bed, the exhaust outlet of one connection box house is set in the upper end of casing, on the cabinet wall in this exhaust outlet outside a temperature sensor is installed, the air inlet that is communicated with box house is installed at the casing upper side wall, bottom in casing is provided with a tank, described each humidity sensor, temperature sensor and heater drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing, and institute's dress exhaust blower is driven by electric cabinet on air inlet or the exhaust outlet.
And, the difference setting-in is communicated with water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of tank on the casing of described tank both sides, be embedded with respectively light emission module and Optical Receivers on the inwall of described basin beam symmetry, water inlet pipe or outlet pipe institute holding water pump, Optical Receivers drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing.
And, described electric cabinet comprises housing and control module, setting-in display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module on the housing, display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module are connected the control module that connects setting-in in the housing, and control module also connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heater, exhaust blower control module and spray header magnetic valve.
And, described electric cabinet comprises housing and control module, setting-in display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module on the housing, display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module are connected the control module that connects setting-in in the housing, and control module also connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, Optical Receivers, heater, exhaust blower control module, spray header magnetic valve and water pump control module.
And described control module connects an energy supply control module.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, this method is by adopting control box special, can accurately control temperature, the humidity of soft-shelled turtle in hatching process, and ventilate in good time, test shows, is 33 ℃～34 ℃ accurately controlling incubation temperature, and incubating bed (namely hatching a sand) water content is 7%～8%, when being 85%～88%, the air humidity in the incubator box can finish whole hatching process through 43～45 days, greatly shorten incubation cycle, reduced the hatching cost, improved the economic benefit of enterprise.
2, this method has increased the treatment step of the sterilizing of hatching sand, effectively prevent the death that the soft-shelled turtle seedling causes because of infection, by statistics, after adopting hatching sand sterilizing and accurate control hatching temp. and humidity, the survival rate of soft-shelled turtle hatching rises to more than 95% by 50%～60%, the output of soft-shelled turtle seedling has greatly increased the economic benefit of enterprise.
3, hatching m involved in the present invention is simple, and special-purpose incubator box relates to scientific and reasonable, easy to operate, has greatly saved manpower, has reduced the hatching cost, has improved the survival rate of soft-shelled turtle seedling, has increased the economic benefit of enterprise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of electric cabinet.
Embodiment
The below is described in detail embodiments of the invention; Need to prove, the present embodiment is narrative, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
A kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m may further comprise the steps:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg of will being fertilized divides the sand bed surface of laminated multi-layer hatching tray in incubator box, and the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8%;
(2) covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(3) after completing steps (1) and (2), temperature in the incubator box is adjusted into 33～34 ℃, the relative moisture of air remains on 85～88%, and ventilated 1～2 hour noon every day in hatching process, hatches the hatching of finishing the soft-shelled turtle egg after 43～45 days;
Described sand bed passes through first following processing:
(1) grains of sand is cleaned 2～3 times with clear water, place and made its drying in 6～8 hours;
(2) grains of sand after will cleaning and 0.001% potassium permanganate solution mix and fully stirred 20～30 minutes by weight 100: 1～2;
(3) grains of sand after will fully stirring are placed and were tanned by the sun in the sun 4～8 hours, have both obtained hatching the sand bed of usefulness after the drying.
Wherein, comprise following processing before fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg is chosen:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg is taken out from the pond of laying eggs, then be placed on the sand bed surface of hatching tray in the incubator box, the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and humidity is 7%～8%, and covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(2) under 30～32 ℃ condition, place the processing of finishing after 48～72 hours before fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg is chosen.
The particle diameter that above-mentioned soft-shelled turtle hatching and fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg are chosen sand in the sand bed in the pre-treatment is 0.6～0.7mm.
The management of hatching process
(1) temperature control, the temperature of green house preferably are controlled at 30～32 ℃, and ambient temperature can adopt heater etc. to carry out temperature adjusting when low, use during excess Temperature ventilation equipment etc. to lower the temperature in the summer hatching room.
(2) control is wet, and according to the moisture of hatching sand, suitably trickle makes sand keep certain humidity.During the soft-shelled turtle hatching, different Embryonic Stages water requirements is difference to some extent, therefore will suitably sprinkle water as the case may be.Hatching does not need watering in earlier stage about the previous week of namely just having hatched; If the top layer sand is more dried, can suitably sprinkle water, be as the criterion not allow water be penetrated into soft-shelled turtle egg surface; The hatching middle and later periods, be soft-shelled turtle hatching after one week, in time sprinkle water to guarantee the sand water content be 7%～8% (pinch sand with hand, can be agglomerating such as sand, with hand open rear sand can scatter again show that namely sand humidity is suitable), the relative moisture of air remains between 85%～88%.
(3) ventilation was ventilated about 1 hour when noon every day, temperature was higher, to guarantee that oxygen is sufficient in the hatching room.
Hatch the management of emerging
Under the conditions such as suitable temperature, humidity, the soft-shelled turtle egg just can be hatched the soft-shelled turtle seedling generally through 43～45 days hatching., namely hatched front about 5 days that come at the soft-shelled turtle seedling after 45～50 days at the soft-shelled turtle hatching, in incubator box, discharge water in the tank, in order to collect the little soft-shelled turtle that hatches.
In order to realize the hatching of above-mentioned soft-shelled turtle egg, the spy adopts special-purpose incubator fixed shown in Fig. 1～2, its structure is: comprise casing 1, heater 2, frame bracket 11, hatching tray 3 and electric cabinet 13, frame bracket is installed in the casing, two wall-hanging heaters that are made of the resistance wire coil pipe are installed respectively on the cabinet wall of frame bracket both sides, at frame bracket two row hatching tray are set, every row hatching tray is five, on the frame bracket of each hatching tray top shower 5 is installed all, a plurality of showers are connected with the spray header magnetic valve by spray header 25 and are connected the water source, be filled with sand bed 8 in each hatching tray, all be embedded with humidity sensor 4 in the sand bed, the exhaust outlet 6 of one connection box house is set in the upper end of casing, on the cabinet wall in this exhaust outlet outside a temperature sensor 9 is installed, the air inlet 18 that is communicated with box house is installed at the casing upper side wall, all rotate setting-in one cylindrical turnover panel 7 in exhaust outlet and the air inlet, this cylindrical turnover panel is driven by turnover panel motor 17, bottom in casing is provided with a tank 28, described each humidity sensor, temperature sensor and heater drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing, and institute's dress exhaust blower 26 and all turnover panel motors drive by electric cabinet on air inlet or the exhaust outlet.
The difference setting-in is communicated with water inlet pipe 20 and the outlet pipe 23 of tank on the casing of tank both sides, be embedded with respectively light emission module 21 and Optical Receivers 27 on the inwall of described basin beam symmetry, water inlet pipe or outlet pipe institute holding water pump 19, light emission module and Optical Receivers drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing.
In the present embodiment, electric cabinet comprises housing (among the figure not label) and control module, setting-in display module 14, key-press module 15 and acousto-optic alarm module 16 on the housing, display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module are connected the control module that connects setting-in in the housing, and control module also connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heater, exhaust blower control module, reprint motor control module and spray header magnetic valve.
After being communicated with water inlet pipe and outlet pipe on the tank and increasing light emission module and Optical Receivers, control module connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, Optical Receivers, heater, exhaust blower control module, spray header magnetic valve, reprint motor control module and water pump control module.
In order to protect the safety of each consumer and soft-shelled turtle egg, control module connects an energy supply control module, and this energy supply control module cuts off the power supply of incubator box with the safety of protection equipment and soft-shelled turtle egg when the data severe overweights such as humidity, temperature.
The course of work of the present invention is:
1. temperature control:
When temperature is hanged down: temperature sensor → control module → heater work, improve temperature in the casing
When temperature is high: temperature sensor → control module → exhaust blower control module and turnover panel motor control module, exhaust blower and turnover panel machine operation, Air Flow reduces temperature in the casing
2. control is wet:
When humidity was hanged down: humidity sensor → control module → spray header magnetic valve, spray header was sprayed water, and improves the humidity of sand bed in each hatching tray
When humidity is high: humidity sensor → control module → exhaust blower control module and turnover panel motor control module, exhaust blower and turnover panel machine operation, Air Flow reduces humidity
3. ventilate:
Control module → exhaust blower control module and turnover panel motor control module, exhaust blower and turnover panel machine operation, Air Flow reduces temperature in the casing
4. sounding and lighting alarm:
When temperature, humidity were below or above setting value, through the certain hour time-delay, corresponding unit did not move, and then sends sounding and lighting alarm and notifies the staff to check
5. energy supply control module:
When temperature, humidity were higher or lower than setting value far away, energy supply control module cut off the supply of electric power of each equipment, and sends rapid sounding and lighting alarm signal
6. the processing of water trough inner water:
When the incubator box bottom water is muddy, the light intensity that the light emission module that Optical Receivers receives sends can reduce, control module → water pump control module, pump working, fresh clean water washes away old water and the grains of sand in the tank, avoid the grains of sand that the belly of soft-shelled turtle seedling is scratched, reduced the death of infecting due to wound the soft-shelled turtle seedling that causes.
After the water change was limpid, the light intensity that the light emission module that Optical Receivers receives sends can strengthen, control module → water pump control module, and water pump quits work.
Through overtesting, incubator box of the present invention can accurately be controlled at 33～34 ℃ with temperature, water consumption of sand bed is controlled at 7%～8%, air humidity in the incubator box is controlled at 85～88%, can finish whole hatching process through 43～45 days, compare conventional method and shortened 5～10 days, sand bed carries out sterilization processing in advance, effectively prevent the death that the soft-shelled turtle seedling causes because of infection, by statistics, adopt hatching sand sterilizing and accurate control hatching temperature, after the humidity, the survival rate of soft-shelled turtle hatching rises to more than 95% by 50%～60%, the output of soft-shelled turtle seedling has greatly increased the economic benefit of enterprise.
Claims (8)
1. soft-shelled turtle hatching m is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg of will being fertilized divides the sand bed surface of laminated multi-layer hatching tray in incubator box, and the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8%;
(2) covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(3) after completing steps (1) and (2), temperature in the incubator box is adjusted into 33～34 ℃, the relative moisture of air remains on 85～88%, and ventilated 1～2 hour noon every day in hatching process, hatches the hatching of finishing the soft-shelled turtle egg after 43～45 days;
Described sand bed passes through first following processing:
(1) grains of sand is cleaned 2～3 times with clear water, place and made its drying in 6～8 hours;
(2) grains of sand after will cleaning and 0.001% potassium permanganate solution mix and fully stirred 20～30 minutes by weight 100: 1～2;
(3) grains of sand after will fully stirring are placed and were tanned by the sun in the sun 4～8 hours, have both obtained hatching the sand bed of usefulness after the drying.
2. a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise following processing before described fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg is chosen:
(1) the soft-shelled turtle egg is taken out from the pond of laying eggs, then be placed on the sand bed surface of hatching tray in the incubator box, the thickness of this sand bed is 2～3cm, and water content is 7%～8%, and covering a layer thickness at the soft-shelled turtle egg is 2～3cm, and water content is 7～8% sand bed;
(2) under 30～32 ℃ condition, place the processing of finishing after 48～72 hours before fertilization soft-shelled turtle egg is chosen.
3. a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of sand is 0.6～0.7mm in the described sand bed.
4. the special-purpose incubator box of a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: comprise casing, heater, frame bracket, hatching tray and electric cabinet, frame bracket is installed in the casing, mounting heater on the cabinet wall of frame bracket both sides, at frame bracket the multiple row hatching tray is set, on the frame bracket of each hatching tray top shower is installed all, a plurality of showers connect the water source by spray header, be filled with sand bed in each hatching tray, all be embedded with humidity sensor in the sand bed, the exhaust outlet of one connection box house is set in the upper end of casing, on the cabinet wall in this exhaust outlet outside a temperature sensor is installed, the air inlet that is communicated with box house is installed at the casing upper side wall, bottom in casing is provided with a tank, described each humidity sensor, temperature sensor and heater drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing, and institute's dress exhaust blower is driven by electric cabinet on air inlet or the exhaust outlet.
5. the special-purpose incubator box of a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the difference setting-in is communicated with water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of tank on the casing of described tank both sides, be embedded with respectively light emission module and Optical Receivers on the inwall of described basin beam symmetry, water inlet pipe or outlet pipe institute holding water pump, Optical Receivers drive by the electric cabinet of installing on the casing.
6. the special-purpose incubator box of a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described electric cabinet comprises housing and control module, setting-in display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module on the housing, display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module are connected the control module that connects setting-in in the housing, and control module also connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, heater, exhaust blower control module and spray header magnetic valve.
7. the special-purpose incubator box of a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching m according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described electric cabinet comprises housing and control module, setting-in display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module on the housing, display module, key-press module and acousto-optic alarm module are connected the control module that connects setting-in in the housing, and control module also connects humidity sensor, temperature sensor, Optical Receivers, heater, exhaust blower control module, spray header magnetic valve and water pump control module.
8. according to claim 6 or the special-purpose incubator box of 7 described a kind of soft-shelled turtle hatching ms, it is characterized in that: described control module connects an energy supply control module.
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| CN102934623A (en) * | 2012-09-09 | 2013-02-20 | 安徽省旌德县国友龟鳖良种繁育场 | Method for controlling incubation genders of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (CSST) |
| CN104304179A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 融水苗族自治县怀宝镇人民政府 | Breeding hatching method for snapping turtle |
| CN104488816A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 郑里 | Cultivation device for artificial propagation of young tortoises |
| CN104488817A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 郑里 | Artificial incubation device for turtle breeding |
| CN104663577A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-03 | 梧州市景泰养鳖专业合作社 | Egg hatching method for Chinese soft-shell turtles |
| CN104705255A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-17 | 东至县香泉特色养殖有限公司 | Solar energy soft-shelled turtle incubation device |
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| TWI508657B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-11-21 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A method for controlling the process of hatching of trionychidae zygotes |
| CN106359302A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林大创科技有限公司 | Electronic cultivation box suitable for breeding soft-shelled turtles |
| CN106467052A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2017-03-01 | 天津嘉邦诺科技有限公司 | The chassis that a kind of humiture automatically controls |
| CN107041334A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-08-15 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | A kind of quick hatching method of soft-shelled turtle egg |
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| CN102934623A (en) * | 2012-09-09 | 2013-02-20 | 安徽省旌德县国友龟鳖良种繁育场 | Method for controlling incubation genders of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (CSST) |
| TWI508657B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-11-21 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A method for controlling the process of hatching of trionychidae zygotes |
| CN104304179A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 融水苗族自治县怀宝镇人民政府 | Breeding hatching method for snapping turtle |
| CN104488816A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 郑里 | Cultivation device for artificial propagation of young tortoises |
| CN104488817A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 郑里 | Artificial incubation device for turtle breeding |
| CN104705255A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-17 | 东至县香泉特色养殖有限公司 | Solar energy soft-shelled turtle incubation device |
| CN104719250A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-24 | 东至县香泉特色养殖有限公司 | Artificial turtle incubation device |
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| CN106359302A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-02-01 | 桂林大创科技有限公司 | Electronic cultivation box suitable for breeding soft-shelled turtles |
| CN107041334A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-08-15 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | A kind of quick hatching method of soft-shelled turtle egg |
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| CN109392836A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | 泸州市江阳区江北特种水产养殖专业技术协会 | A kind of breeding soft-shell turtle system |
| CN109717148A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-07 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | A kind of foldable multi-layer bed soft-shelled turtle hatching apparatus |
| CN109717148B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-04-20 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Collapsible multilayer bed formula soft-shelled turtle hatching apparatus |
| CN112273328A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 湖南省河洲生态甲鱼养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for improving survival rate of young turtles |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |